賓語補(bǔ)足語講解及練習(xí)

賓語補(bǔ)足語講解一、定義：賓語補(bǔ)足語通常緊跟在賓語之后，對賓語進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說明。二、句子結(jié)構(gòu)是：主+謂+賓+賓補(bǔ)三、兩種結(jié)構(gòu)：1.主表型：1)makeourcountrybeautiful(adjective)2)callhimLaoLi(noun)3)findsb.out(adv.)4)findsb.athome(Prep.phrase)2.主謂型：1)asksb.todosth.（有to不定式）2)havesb.dosth.（無to不定式）3)seesb.doingsth.（現(xiàn)在分詞）4)havesth.done.（過去分詞）四、什么動(dòng)詞后可有賓語補(bǔ)足語：1.在表示心理狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。這類動(dòng)詞有：consider,think,believe,discover,find,imagine,judge,suppose,prove等。這類動(dòng)詞后的不定式通常是"tobe+形容詞或名詞"結(jié)構(gòu)，think,consider,find后的tobe?？墒÷?。Weconsiderhim(tobe)agoodteacher.我們認(rèn)為他是一個(gè)好老師。Heprovedthattheory(tobe)veryimportant.他證明那個(gè)理論是很重要的。Ithoughther(tobe)niceandhonestthefirsttimeImether.我第一次見到她的時(shí)候就認(rèn)為她人很好，很誠實(shí)。2.在表示情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞后作賓語補(bǔ)足語。這類動(dòng)詞有：love,like,prefer,hate,want,wish,expect等。I'dpreferyoutoleavehimalone.我希望你不要打擾他。Idon'twanttheretobeanytrouble.我不想有任何麻煩。3.注意：hope,demand,suggest等動(dòng)詞后面不能接不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語。Ihopeyoucangivemeahand.我希望你能幫我一把。Iwishyoutogivemeahand.我希望你能幫我一把。Herequiredustobepresentatthemeeting.他要求我們出席會(huì)議。MrLisuggestedthatsheshouldnotgotherealone.李先生建議她不要獨(dú)自去那里。五、可作賓語補(bǔ)足語的形式有：不定式，現(xiàn)在分詞，過去分詞，名詞，形容，副詞，介詞短語都能作補(bǔ)語。（一）副詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語Ifoundhimyesterday.（二）常接形容詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：keep,make,find等。如：Wemustkeepourclassroomclean.（三）常接名詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：call,name,make,think等。如：Wecallthemmooncakes.（四）常接動(dòng)詞-ing形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：see,watch,hear,find,keep等。如：Inthecountry,wecanhearbirdssinging.（五）常接介詞短語作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：keep,find,leave等。如：Ileftmypenonmydeskathome.（六）不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語1.常接帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有：ask,tell,want,teach,wish,advise,allow,ask,beg,command,tell,invite,force,oblige,get,help,encourage,persuade,permit,remind,request,order,warn,cause等；Ioftenseehimplayfootball.Sheoftenasksmetohelpher.Sherequestedhimtogowithher.2.接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式作賓語補(bǔ)足語的動(dòng)詞有使役動(dòng)詞和感官動(dòng)詞：一感：feel二聽：hear,listento三讓：let,have,make四觀看：observe,see,watch,lookat轉(zhuǎn)為被動(dòng)語態(tài)時(shí)，其后通常都用帶to的不定式(have沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài))如：Shemadehimgiveupsmoking.Lethimdowhateverhewishestodo.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesistercry,todayhewasmadetocrybyhislittle3.動(dòng)詞不定式也可作一些短語動(dòng)詞的賓語補(bǔ)足語,如waitfor,arrangefor，callon等。I'mwaitingforJamestoarrive.我正等著詹姆斯的到來。He'sarrangedforacartopickthemupatthestation.他已安排了一輛汽車去車站接他們。TheUNhascalledonbothsidestoobservetheceasefire.聯(lián)合國號(hào)召交戰(zhàn)雙方遵守?；饏f(xié)定。（七）分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語用現(xiàn)在分詞作賓補(bǔ)，說明賓語是動(dòng)作的發(fā)出者，形成邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系；用過去分詞作賓補(bǔ)，表示賓語是動(dòng)作的承受者，構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動(dòng)關(guān)系。1.跟分詞作賓補(bǔ)的動(dòng)詞有：catch,haveget,keep,hear,find,feel,leave,make,want,start,notice,observe,watch,set等。例如：Therewassomuchnoisethatthespeakercouldn’tmakehimselfheard.由于十分吵鬧，講話人沒法讓人聽到他的聲音。Whenheawoke,hefoundhimselfbeinglookedafterbyanoldwoman.他醒來的時(shí)候發(fā)現(xiàn)一位老大娘正在照顧他。2.幾種用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語的情況說明：①表示“意欲；命令”的動(dòng)詞如like,want,wish,order等，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：Thefatherwantshisdaughtertaughtthepiano.這位父親想讓女兒學(xué)鋼琴。②感官動(dòng)詞see,hear,notice,observe,watch,feel,find等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：Isawanoldmanknockeddownbyacarjustnow.剛才我看到一位老人被車撞倒了。③使役動(dòng)詞have,get,make,leave,keep等后，可用過去分詞作賓語補(bǔ)足語。例如：Haveyougotyourfilmsdeveloped?你拿膠卷去沖洗了沒有？④“with＋賓語＋過去分詞”結(jié)構(gòu)中，過去分詞用作介詞with的賓語補(bǔ)足語。這一結(jié)構(gòu)通常在句中作時(shí)間、方式、條件、原因等狀語。例如：Themurdererwasbroughtin,withhishandstiedbehindhisback.兇手被帶進(jìn)來了，他的雙手被綁在背后。（表方式）Withwaterheated,wecanseethesteam.水一被加熱，我們就會(huì)看到水蒸氣。（表?xiàng)l件）Withthemattersettled,weallwenthome.事情得到解決，我們都回家了。（表原因）賓語補(bǔ)足語練習(xí)題1.Themanagerdiscussedtheplanthattheywouldliketoseethenextyear.(NMET2000)

A.carryoutB.carryingoutC.carriedoutD.tocarryout2.----There’saholeinyourbag.----Iknow,I’mgoingtohaveit_____.mendB.mendingC.mendedD.tobemended3.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry4.Theywouldnotallowhim_____acrosstheenemyline.toriskgoingB.riskingtogoC.forrisktogoD.riskgoing5.Ifoundthedoor_____whenIgothome.openedB.closeC.unlockingD.open6.Theboywantedtoridehisbicycleinthestreet,buthismothertoldhim___.nottoB.nottodoC.notdoD.donotto7.Icouldn’tdomyhomeworkwithallthatnoise____.goingonB.goesonC.wentonD.togoon8.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____,thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.settled

B.settling

C.tosettle

D.beingsettled9.Iadvised_____atonce.himtostartingB.himtostartC.tostartingD.tostart10.WhenIputmyhandonhischest,Icouldfeelhisheartstill____.beatB.tobebeatingC.beatingD.wasbeating11.Youhadbettergetadoctor_____yourbadtooth.pulloutB.topulloutC.pulledoutD.pullingout12.Hemanagedtomakehimselfwithhis____English.understand;breakingB.understand;brokenC.understood;breakingD.understood;broken13.Thedoctoraskedhimnottoleavehiswound______.A.exposeB.exposedC.toexposeD.exposing14.Theyaregoingtohavetheserviceman____anelectricfanintheofficetomorrow.installB.toinstallC.tobeinstalledD.installed15.Afterafewroundsoftalks,bothsidesregardedtheterritorydispute______.beingsettledB.tobesettledC.hadsettledD.assettled16.Youwillseethisproduct____whereveryougo.tobeadvertisedB.advertisedC.advertiseD.advertising17.Hisremarksleftme_____abouthisrealpurpose.wonderedB.wonderC.towonderD.wondering18.WhenIcaughthim______meIstoppedbuyingthingsthereandstarteddealingwithanothershop.cheatingB.cheatC.tocheatD.tobecheating19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister____,todayhewasmade____byhislittlesister.A.cry;tocryB.crying;cryingC.cry;cryD.tocry;cry20.Didyouintendus___thenewmethod?A.usingB.touseC.usingD.areusing21.Theteacherencouragedus______goodcompositions.A.WritingB.writtenC.towriteD.iswriting22.Theb