高二英語(yǔ)外研版教師用書(shū)：Module5SectionⅢGrammar含解析

學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精學(xué)必求其心得，業(yè)必貴于專(zhuān)精虛擬語(yǔ)氣(Ⅰ）語(yǔ)境自主領(lǐng)悟先觀察原句后自主感悟1.Ifyouwereheadofthegovernment,wouldyouallowcloning？2.Ifwehadn'tmadeadequatepreparations,theconferencewouldn'thavebeensowonderful。3.Ifitweretorain/shouldrain/rained，thecropswouldbesaved。4.HadIworkedhard，Iwouldhavesurelysucceeded。5。Wereshemydaughter，Iwouldn’tallowhertostudyabroad.6.ShouldIhavetime，Iwouldcallonher.7。Iftheyhadstartedearlyyesterdaymorning，theywouldbeherenow。8.Ifwehadn’tmadeadequatepreparations，weshouldn’tdaretodotheexperimentnextweek。9.Butforyourhelp,wecouldn'thavesucceeded。10.Shewasn’tfeelingwell.Otherwiseshewouldn'thaveleftthemeetingsoearly.1.1－3句為if引導(dǎo)的非真實(shí)條件句的三種基本形式。2。4－6句為省略if的虛擬條件句。3。7－8句中，主句與從句動(dòng)作所發(fā)生的時(shí)間不一致，稱(chēng)之為“錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句”.4。9－10句中，假設(shè)的條件不用if條件從句表示，而是通過(guò)介詞短語(yǔ)butfor或副詞otherwise等表達(dá)出來(lái),這類(lèi)句子叫“含蓄條件句”。一、虛擬語(yǔ)氣在非真實(shí)條件句中的用法虛擬情況從句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)(be用were）would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反過(guò)去完成時(shí)would/should/could/might＋have＋過(guò)去分詞與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反一般過(guò)去時(shí)（be用were）should＋動(dòng)詞原形wereto＋動(dòng)詞原形would/should/could/might＋動(dòng)詞原形Ifmybrotherwerehere，everythingwouldbeallright.要是我哥哥在這兒，一切就都沒(méi)問(wèn)題了。（與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）IfIhadenoughmoney,Iwouldtakethebeautifuldressformydaughter。如果我的錢(qián)夠的話，我就會(huì)為女兒買(mǎi)下這件漂亮的禮服.(與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反）Ifyouhadgotupearlier，youwouldhavecaughtthetrain。如果你早點(diǎn)起床，你就會(huì)趕上火車(chē)了。(與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反)Ifitshouldrain/weretorain/rainedtomorrow,wewouldhavetoputoffthesportsmeeting。如果明天下雨的話，我們就得推遲運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)。(與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反)[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練1］用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①I(mǎi)fIhadenoughmoneynow，Iwouldbuy(buy）acar.②Ifwehaddriven(drive）inturn，youwouldn’thavegotsotired。③Ifitweretosnowtomorrow,wewouldtake(take)photos.二、虛擬條件句的三種特殊形式1．省略if的虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬條件句中若含有were，had或should，可以把if省略,把were，had或should提到句首,構(gòu)成部分倒裝。WereitSundaytomorrow,weshouldgototheGreatWall。要是明天是星期日,我們就能去長(zhǎng)城了。HadItakenmyfather’ssuggestion，Iwouldhavedoneitbetter.如果我聽(tīng)從了父親的建議，我會(huì)做得更好。[名師點(diǎn)津］若省略的條件句中的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是否定形式時(shí)，不能用動(dòng)詞的縮略形式。例如:Wereitnotfortheexpense，Iwouldgoabroadnow.（正）Weren’titfortheexpense，Iwouldgoabroadnow.（誤)［即時(shí)訓(xùn)練2]句型轉(zhuǎn)換①I(mǎi)fIhadnotbeensocareless，Iwouldnothavelostmywatchyesterday.→HadInotsocareless,Iwouldnothavelostmywatchyesterday。②IfIhadknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday,Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.→HadIknownyourtelephonenumberyesterday，Iwouldhavetelephonedyou.③Ifitshouldraintomorrow，theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays?！鶶houlditraintomorrow,theworkwouldbepostponedforsomedays。2．錯(cuò)綜時(shí)間條件句虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，條件從句中謂語(yǔ)可以和主句中的謂語(yǔ)發(fā)生時(shí)間不一致，這時(shí)從句和主句要根據(jù)各自所發(fā)生的時(shí)間選用符合具體時(shí)間的虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式.Ifyouhadpreparedinadvance，youwouldn'tbeinsuchanawkwardpositionnow.如果你事先作好準(zhǔn)備,現(xiàn)在就不至于那么被動(dòng)。(從句表示過(guò)去，主句表示現(xiàn)在）IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavegonetoherbirthdayparty。如果我是你,我就去參加她的生日宴會(huì)了。（從句表示現(xiàn)在，主句表示過(guò)去）[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練3］用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①I(mǎi)fyouhadlistened（listen)tomeyesterday,youwouldn’tbeinsuchtroublenow。②IfIwere（be）you，Iwouldhaveplantedsometreesaroundthehouse。③Ifyouhadn'twatched（notwatch）TVyesterday，youwouldn'tbe(notbe）sosleepynow.3．含蓄虛擬條件句有時(shí)假設(shè)的情況不是以if條件從句表示，而是通過(guò)其他形式表現(xiàn)出來(lái)，這時(shí)被稱(chēng)作含蓄虛擬條件句，其主要用法如下：（1)用butfor，without等介詞（短語(yǔ)）表示條件.Butfortherainweshouldhavehadapleasantjourney。要不是下雨，我們會(huì)有一次愉快的旅行。(2）用連詞otherwise,or等暗示后文與前面的情況相反，從而引出后文的虛擬語(yǔ)氣.Therewasatrafficjamontheway，otherwiseIwouldhavearrivedanhourago.路上堵車(chē)，要不然我一小時(shí)前就到了．(3)虛擬條件通過(guò)but暗示出來(lái),but前面為虛擬語(yǔ)氣,后面為真實(shí)情況.Ishouldhavegivenyoumorehelp,butIwastoobusy.我本該多幫幫你,但我太忙了。[即時(shí)訓(xùn)練4]用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空①Withoutwarintheworld，peoplewouldlive(live）ahappierlife.②Iwasillthatday.Otherwise,Iwouldhavetaken(take)partinthesportsmeeting.③Ifyouhadturned(turn)uponehourago，Iwouldn'thavegonehomeonfoot。Ⅰ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1．IfIlived（live）nearmyworkplace，Iwouldwalktoworkeveryday。2．Ifyouhadattended(attend)themeetingyesterday,youwouldhavemether。3．Shoulditraintomorrow，wewouldhavetoputoffthevisittothepark.4．Ifhehadlistened（listen）tomethen，hewouldn'tbeintroublenow。5．Withoutyourhelpfuladvice，Iwouldn’thavefinishedthetaskontime。6．IfIwereyou,Iwouldhavehelped(help）themanyesterday.7．Iwouldhavegone(go）tomycousin’sbirthdaypartylastnight，butIwasnotavailable。8．Myparentslentmethemoney.Otherwise,Icouldn'thaveaffordedthetrip.9．Iftherewere(be)noairorwater,therewouldbenolivingthingsontheearth.10．Butfortherain，Iwouldhavehad(have）apleasantjourneytheotherday.Ⅱ。單句改錯(cuò)1．Thesoupisn'tverygood.Itwilltastebetterifitweren'tsosalty.will→would2．Ifhereadthebook,hecouldhaveansweredthequestion.read前加had3．Ifheweresetouttomorrow，hewouldgetthereonSunday。were后加to4．Withoutyourhelp，thechildwouldn’tputupthepictureonthewalljustnow.wouldn’t后加have5．IfIhadhadtime，Iwouldhavegonetothepartywithyou,butIamverybusy.am→wasⅢ。完成句子1．如果你當(dāng)時(shí)在那里就好多了。Hadyoubeenthereatthattime，itwouldhavebeenmuchbetter．2．如果你說(shuō)得清楚些，別人就會(huì)聽(tīng)懂你了。Ifyouhadspokenclearly,youwouldhavemadeyourselfunderstood.3．要不是這幾次中斷，會(huì)議半個(gè)小時(shí)前就開(kāi)完了。Butfortheseinterruptions，themeeti