高考英語復(fù)習(xí)過去分詞在寫作中的運用知識講解講義

過去分詞在寫作中的運用一、必備語法知識1.過去分詞Ved既有形容詞和副詞的特征，所以可在句中做定語狀語補語等成分；eg:過去分詞作定語2.也保留有動詞的特征，因此在句中可有自己的狀語和邏輯主語eg:Iheardmynamecalled.我聽見有人叫我的名字。過去分詞called在句中作賓補過去分詞called的邏輯主語是myname3.帶雙賓語的及物動詞構(gòu)成的過去分詞還可有自己的賓語。4.過去分詞Ved形式的否定形式：在其前加not二、過去分詞在寫作中的運用（一）過去分詞作定語1單個的過去分詞作定語常位于被修飾的名詞前eg:aretiredteacher一位退休的老師換成定語成句：ateacherwhoisretired2過去分詞短語作定語則位于被修飾的名詞后eg:abookwrittenbyMoYan一本莫言寫的書換成定語從句：abookwhichiswrittenbyMoYan3過去分詞作定語組成的高頻寫作短語寫人：afrightenedexpression一個驚恐的表情asatisfiedsmile一個滿意的微笑mixedfeelings復(fù)雜的情感（喜憂參半）swolleneyes腫脹的眼睛excitedchildren興奮的孩子theexhaustedathleteaworriedlook擔憂的表情aninjuredfinger一個受傷的手指terrifiedpeople受到驚嚇的人們寫物：abrokencup一個破碎的杯子pollutedwater被污染的水寫景：fadedflowers凋謝的花fallenleaves落葉therisensun升起的太陽（二）過去分詞作狀語過去分詞在句中可以作狀語，表示時間、原因、方式或伴隨1作時間狀語（1）過去分詞作時間狀語，可在過去分詞前加when等連詞Seenfromthehill,thevillagelooksbeautiful.=Whenseenfromthehill,thevillagelooksbeautiful.注意：此時為狀語從句的省略。省略的是主語和be動詞。補充完整為：Whenthevillageisseenfromthehill,thevillagelooksbeautiful.從山上看時，這個村莊看起來很漂亮。（2）狀語從句的省略條件：當主從句主語一致，且從句謂語動詞部分含有be動詞時，可省略從句的主語和be動詞。請把下列句子分別改為省略句和過去分詞作狀語的句子：exercise1：Whenshewasaskedabouttheaddress,thegirldidn’trespond.改寫為狀語從句的省略句：__________________________________________改為過去分詞作狀語：__________________________________________answers:狀語從句的省略：Whenaskedabouttheaddress,thegirldidn’trespond.過去分詞作狀語：Askedabouttheaddress,thegirldidn’trespond.exercise2:WhenyouareinvitedtohavedinnerathomebyaChinesefriend,youshouldarriveontimeoraheadoftime.改寫為狀語從句的省略句：__________________________________________改為過去分詞作狀語：___________________________________________answers:狀語從句的省略：WheninvitedtohavedinnerathomebyaChinesefriend,youshouldarriveontimeoraheadoftime.過去分詞作狀語：InvitedtohavedinnerathomebyaChinesefriend,youshouldarriveontimeoraheadoftime.過去分詞作原因狀語時，常位于句首(1).Satisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedTominclass.由于對他的行為感到滿意，老師在班上表揚了Tom.可換為原因狀語從句：Becausetheteacherwassatisfiedwithwhathedid,theteacherpraisedTominclass.(2).Motivatedbytheastronaut’sstory,Jeffdeterminedtopursuehisspacedream.由于受到這位宇航員的故事的鼓舞，Jeff決定追求他的太空夢換成狀語從句：__________________________________________answer:Becausehewasmotivatedbytheastronaut’sstory,Jeffdeterminedtopursuehisspacedream.（3）Frightenedbythenoiseinthemidnight,theboywasfrozenwithfear.由于被午夜的聲響驚到，這個男孩嚇得一動不動。換成狀語從句：__________________________________________answer:Becausehewasfrightenedbythenoiseinthemidnight,theboywasfrozenwithfear.(4)Chokedbytheheavysmoke,theycouldbarelybreathe.由于被濃煙嗆到，他們幾乎不能呼吸了。換成狀語從句：___________________________________________answer:Becausehewaschokedbytheheavysmoke,theycouldbarelybreathe.(5)Lostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthebellring.因為沉浸在思考中，他沒有聽見鈴響了。換成狀語從句：___________________________________________answer:(6)Becausehewaslostindeepthought,hedidn’thearthebellring.（1）United,westand;divided,wefall.合則立；分則敗。換為條件狀語從句：Ifweareunited,westand;Ifwearedivided,wefall.（2）Givenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.如果多加注意，這次事故本可避免。換成狀語從句：Ifitisgivenbetterattention,theaccidentcouldhavebeenavoided.（3）Wateredmore,theseflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.如果澆更多的水，這些花兒能夠長得更好。換為狀語從句：_______________________________________answers:Iftheseflowerswerewateredmore,thereflowerscouldhavegrownbetter.（1）Shestoodtheresilently,movedtotears.她靜靜地站在那兒，感動得流下了淚水。(2)Supportedbyherson,theoldladywentintotheroom.在她兒子的攙扶下，這位老太太走進了房間。（三）過去分詞作補足語ThesongisoftenheardsungduringtheSpringFestival.在春節(jié)期間，總是聽見有人唱這首歌。sung作主語thesong的補足語Ioftenheardthesongsung