Unit+5+Languages+Around+the+World+Reading+and+Thinking+課件【知識精講精研】高中英語人教版（2019）必修第一冊

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the

Chinese

Writing

SystemReadingandThinkingReview1.basic

adj.基本的2.refer

vi.提到;參考;使……求助于3.classic

adj.經典的;n.經典著作4.billionn.十億5.appreciate

vt.欣賞;感激vi.增值6.equal

n.同等的人/物adj.相同的7.demand

n.要求vt.強烈要求;查問8.relation

n.關系;聯(lián)系9.character

n.文字符號角色品質特點10.global

adj.全球的11.specific

adj.特定的;明確的;具體的12.description

n.描寫13.beggar

n.乞丐14.upsanddowns

浮沉,興衰 15.avarietyof

各種各樣的16.

relate

to

與…有關17.regard...as...

認為…是… 18.bebasedon

以…為基礎 19.majorin

主修…20.strugglefor

為…而努力OracleboneinscriptionsTheyaresymbolscarvedonanimalshellsorbones.AncientChinesepeoplecreatedthemasearlyasover3000yearsago.boneshellLeadinCanyourecognizethefollowingsymbols?馬魚鹿牛simplifiedChinesecharactersLead-inpicture-basedsymbolsVideoTimeThetextmaybeaboutthe_________________________anditshistoryfrom_______to____________.topicfocusChinesewritingsystemthepastthepresent

PredictionJiaguwenMaybetheyaretheearliestChinesecharacters.Accordingtothetitle,canyouguesshowthetextisorganized?

ChinesewritingsystemconnectthepastthepresentThetextisorganizedin______order.timeTheChinesewritingsystemisoneofthereasonswhyChinesecivilizationhas

survivedintomoderntimes.WrittenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguageatthebeginningChinesewritingsystembecamewell-developed

anddevelopedintodifferentforms.TheChineselanguageishelpingtospreadChina’scultureandhistorytotheworld.WrittenChineseconnectsChina’spresentwithitspast,andhasbecomeanartform.Chinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.123456ABCDEFSkimmingformainideasReadforstructureIntroductionBodyConclusionPart1:_______Para.1Part2:_______Para.2-4Part3:_______Para.5-6

TopicHistoryandDevelopmentImportancegeneralgeneralspecificWhat’sthewritingstyleofthetext?Narration 記敘文

B.Argument議論文

C.Exposition說明文Readfordetails

①Chinaiswidelyknownforitsancient

civilisation

whichhascontinuedallthewaythroughintomoderntimes,despitethemanyupsanddownsinitshistory.②Therearemanyreasonswhythishasbeenpossible,butoneofthemainfactorshasbeentheChinesewritingsystem.盡管歷史跌宕起伏，中國因其古老文明一直延續(xù)至今而聞名于世。其存續(xù)的原因有很多，但主要因素之一是漢字的書寫體系。Para.1因...而出名civilcivilizecivilized古代的，古老的文明一路上，一直，始終bythewayintheone’swayoutofone’swayinaway=inoneway在某種程度上定從-物-主語-【關系代詞】狀語despite=inspiteof+n.定從-原因-【關系副詞】

定語從句：

在復合句中修飾名詞或代詞，在句子中起定語作用的從句Bobbyisaboywhoisveryhandsome..先行詞關系詞定語從句先行詞:被修飾的名詞或代詞關系詞：1.連接從句；2.替代先行詞；3.在從句中充當成分關系代詞可指代從句中的成分whowhomwhichthatwhose人主語、賓語人賓語物主語、賓語人、物主語、賓語人、物定語關系副詞指代充當成分when/where/why的用法whenwhywherereasonplacetime時間狀語原因狀語地點狀語

關系副詞--Why引導定語從句時，先行詞通常為reason，關系詞在從句中作原因狀語，可用“for+which”來替換。Doyouknowthereason

why

(forwhich)heissoupset?Doyouknowthereason.Heissoupset.

分解why作原因狀語★不能看到reason,就用why.看從句缺什么成分Thisisthereason

_____hewaslate.Thisisthereason____________hetoldusforhisbeinglate.

whythat/whichScanthetexttofindthewordsandphrasesthatdescribeatime.Scanningislookingatthetextquicklytofindspecificinformation,suchasdatesornumbers.Atthebeginning

WrittenChinese

wasa_____________________.picture-basedlanguageWritedownwhathappenedateachofthoseimportanttimes.ReadingforspecificinformationReadfordetails

Atthebeginning,writtenChinesewasapicture-basedlanguage.Itdatesback

severalthousandyears

totheuseoflonggu—③

animalbonesandshellsonwhich

symbols

werecarvedbyancientChinesepeople.Someoftheancientsymbolscanstillbeseenintoday’shanzi.起初，漢語是一種基于圖形的語言。它可以追溯到數千年前使用龍骨的時期——古代中國人在這些骨頭和殼上面刻畫簡單的符號。這些符號在今天的漢字中仍然可以看到。Para.2定從-物-地點狀語-【介詞+關系代詞】Heistheman

inwhomyoucanbelieve.2.“二動”看定語從句中動詞或形容詞與介詞的搭配。Hegavemesomebooks

with

whichIamnotveryfamiliar.1.“一先”看介詞與先行詞搭配。Thisisourclassroominwhichthereisateacher’sdesk.The

farmonwhichmyfatherworksisfarfromthetown.3.“三意義”根據句意而定。Thesoldier,withoutwhomIwouldn'thavesuvivedtheearthquake,retiredlastweek.介詞+which,介詞如何選擇?介詞選擇的三個原則“一先”，即根據先行詞的習慣搭配或意義來確定介詞。“二動”，即根據定語從句中的謂語動詞的習慣搭配來確定介詞。“三意義”，即根據定語從句所表達的意義來確定介詞。技巧點撥:介詞+關系代詞引導定語從句時,如先行詞是人,關系代詞只能為whom.如先行詞是物,關系代詞只能為which.用介詞＋關系代詞填空1.Whoistheperson_______

_______youjustshookhands?2.Chinaisapowerfulcountry,_______

_______weareproud.3.Thisisthetree_______

_______weusedtoplaygames.4.Thisismyglasses,_______

_______Ican’tseeclearly.5.Doyouremembertheday_______

_______youjoinedourclub?withwhomwithoutwhichunderwhichofwhichonwhichAtthebeginningBytheShangDynastySymbols

becamea____________________writingsystem.

well-developedReadingforspecificinformationReadfordetails

By

theShangDynasty(around1600-1046BCE),thesesymbolshadbecomeawell-developedwritingsystem.到商朝(約公元前1600年~前1046年右)時，這些符號已經演變成一套完善的書寫體系。Para.3By+過去時間

“到...時間為止”引導時間狀語主句用過去完成時AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationThesystem

developedinto

__________________.differentformsReadfordetails④Overtheyears,thesystemdevelopedintodifferentforms,asitwasatimewhenpeopleweredivided

geographicallyleadingtomanyvarietiesof

dialectsandcharacters.This,however,changedunderEmperorQinshihuangoftheQinDynasty(221-207BCE).在隨后的年代里，這一體系發(fā)展成了不同的形式，這是由于當時中國人居住地域的分隔，從而導致不同的方言和漢字變體的產生。然而，這在秦朝(公元前221-前207年)秦始皇統(tǒng)治時期發(fā)生了變化。Para.3v.形成；組織；培養(yǎng)n.形式；表格；類別狀語從句（原因）定從-狀語-【關系副詞】divideinto分份separateinto分開，分離geographygeographic（學術）geographical=avarietyof=various關系副詞--When

引導定語從句時，先行詞為表示時間的名詞，關系詞在從句中作時間狀語，可用“介詞+which”來替換。I’llneverforgetthedaywhen(onwhich)

Ijoinedtheteam.I’llneverforgettheday.Ijoinedtheteamonthatday.分解when作時間狀語

when引導的定語從句修飾表示時間的名詞time,hour,day,year,moment,occasion時刻，age年代，period階段,interval間隙等詞，并在定語從句中作時間狀語，相當于介詞(in/on/during)+whichI’llneverforgetthedate

when(onwhich)mybabyboywasborn.Theystayedwithmethreeweeks,when(duringwhich)theydrankallthewineIhad.★不能看到時間就用when看從句缺什么成分I’llneverforgettheday______Ilivedinthemountains.I’llneverforgettheday_______________Ispentonthemountains.whenthat/which/省略AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyChinesewritingsystem

beganto_______________________.develop

inonedirectionReadfordetails⑤EmperorQinshihuangunitedthesevenmajor

statesintooneunifiedcountrywheretheChinesewritingsystembegantodevelopinonedirection.ThatwritingsystemwasofgreatimportanceinunitingtheChinesepeopleandculture.秦始皇統(tǒng)一七個諸侯國后，在這個統(tǒng)一的國家里，漢字書寫體系開始朝著一個方向發(fā)展。這一書寫體系對于團結中國人民和中國文化具有重要意義。Para.4be+of(+adj.)+n.=be(+sdv.)+adj.n.單元，小結，個體v.聯(lián)合，團結n.聯(lián)盟，聯(lián)合n.一致，統(tǒng)一v.統(tǒng)一n.狀態(tài)；國家；adj.州的；v.陳述，規(guī)定定從-物-地點狀語-【關系副詞】unituniteunionunityunify

major→maiority→majorlyminor→minority

關系副詞--Where引導定語從句時，先行詞為表示地點的名詞，關系詞在從句中作地點狀語，可用“介詞+which”來替換。Theschoolwhere(inwhich)mysonstudiesisnearapark.Theschoolisnearapark.Mysonstudiesinthisschool.

分解where作地點狀語

where還可用在表示抽象意義的地點名詞后，如situation,stage,point,case,position,condition等,意思是“到了某種地步，在某種境況中”Ihavecometothepoint

where(atwhich)Ican'tstandhim. 我已經到了無法容忍他的地步。He'sgotintothesituation

where(inwhich)heisindebt. 他已經陷人負債累累的境地。Atlasthegottheposition(that/which)hehadbeendreamingof.他最終得到了他夢寐以求的那個職位。

★不能看到地點就用where,看從句缺什么成分

Thisisthehouse_______hewasborn.Thisisthehouse_____________wassetupbyhisparents.wherethat/whichAtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyEventodayChinesepeoplecanallstill________________inwriting.communicateReadfordetails⑥

Eventoday,nomatterwhereChinesepeopleliveorwhat

dialecttheyspeak,theycanallstillcommunicateinwriting.即使在今天，不管住在哪里，也不管說何種方言，中國人都仍能通過書寫(文字)進行交流。Para.4nomatterwhat=whatever

nomatterwhich=whichevernomatterhow=however

nomatterwhen=whenever

no

matterwho=whoever

nomatterwhere=wherever

狀語從句（讓步）Mandarin普通話AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyPeoplecanreadthe____________writteninancienttimes,andregard__________________asanartform.ChinesecalligraphyclassicworksEventodayInmoderntimesReadfordetails

⑦WrittenChinesehasalsobecomeanimportantmeans

bywhichChina’spresentisconnectedwithitspast.⑧Peopleinmodemtimescanreadtheclassicworks

whichwerewrittenbyChineseinancienttimes.

⑨ThehighregardfortheChinesewritingsystemcanbeseeninthedevelopmentofChinesecharactersasanartform,knownasChinesecalligraphy,whichhasbecomeanimportantpartofChineseculture.漢語也成為連接中國現在與過去的一個重要媒介?，F代中國人可以閱讀古代中國人撰寫的經典作品。中國人對其書寫體系推崇備至，這體現在漢字發(fā)展為一種藝術形式——書法。書法已經成為中國文化的重要組成部分。Para.5定從-物-地點狀語-【介詞+關系代詞】定從-物-主語-【關系代詞】后置定語-【過去分詞】非限制性定從-物-主語-【關系代詞】與...相連/有聯(lián)系connect..to/with..把..聯(lián)系起來

★非限制性定語從句vs.限制性定語從句

Ilikegirlswhoarebeautiful.ThisismyfriendMorty,whoisagoodboy.AtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsReadingforspecificinformationTheQinDynastyEventodayInmoderntimesTodayChinesewritingsystemisstillan_____________________________.

importantpartofChineseculture馬ReadfordetailsToday,theChinesewritingsystemisstillanimportantpartofChineseculture.⑩AsChina

playsagreaterroleinglobalaffairs,anincreasingnumberofinternationalstudentsarebeginningtoappreciateChina’scultureandhistorythroughthisamazinglanguage.如今，漢字書寫體系仍然是中國文化的重要組成部分。隨著中國在全球事務中扮演著越來越重要的角色，越來越多的國際學生開始通過漢字這一奇妙的語言了解和欣賞中國的文化和歷史。Para.6隨著-時間狀語-【關系代詞】在...中扮演一個...角色playa(leading,major...)partintakeanactivepartin積極參與SummaryAtthebeginningBytheShangDynastyOvertheyearsIntheQinDynastyInthemoderntimesTodayWrittenChineseisa________language.Symbolsbecamea_____________writingsystem.well-picture-basedThesystemdevelopedinto______________.different

Chinesewritingsystembeganto__________________.developinone

directionPeopleread__________writtenbyChineseinancienttime,andregard________asanartform.ChineseChinesewritingisanimportantpartof______________.

Chinese

classicworksEventodaydevelopedforms

culture

calligraphyChinesepeoplecanallstill________inwritingcommunicatepastpresentPara.4：WrittenChinesewasofgreatimporta