新標準實用英語教程2 Unit 2 Environment

Unit2LivingEnviromentTextALivingEnvironmentTheFirstTwoPeriodsTeachingObjectives

LetstudentsunderstandthebackgroundinformationofTextA.LetstudentsmasterthekeywordsandexpressionsofTextAandknowhowtousethemelastically.letstudentsunderstandlanguagepointsofTextAandbeabletoparaphrasethedifficultsentencesofthetext.

TeachingContent

BackgroundinformationofTextAKeywordsandusefulexpressionsofTextADifficultsentencestructuresofTextA

TeachingPoints

MastertheKeyWordsandExpressionsofTextA.

UnderstandLanguagePointsofText

A.BeabletousetheWordsandExpressionsappropriately.

ParaphrasethedifficultsentencesofText

A.DurationTwo40-minutesessions

TeachingMethodslecturing,practicing,discussing

GroupDiscussionQuestion:

Whatsuggestionsdoyouhaveforenviromentalprotection?

Livingenvironmentreferstotheenvironmentrelevanttothedailylivesofhumanbeings,includingtheatmosphere,water,waste,noise,offensiveodors,etc.Peoplehavetherighttoliveinahealthyandpleasantenvironment,andatthesametimeitistheirobligationtostrive

tobuildupenvironment-friendlylifestyles.BackgroundInformationaccidentDerivatives:Keywordsandusefulexpressionsaccidental

adj.

意外的，偶然的accidentallyadv. 意外地，偶然地UsefulExpressions:byaccident 偶然地byaccidentof

憑著……的機遇（或運氣）withoutaccident

順利而安全地，安然無恙地tripNB:Itrippedoverastoneonthegroundandfell.Collocation:make/haveatriptosomeplace去某地旅行Keywordsandusefulexpressionstrip還可以作動詞vt./vi.“絆倒，摔倒；犯錯”

Hetrippedonthatdifficultquestion.stepNB:Shecarefullyfollowedeverystepintheinstructions.PhrasalVerb:stepaside

讓開stepdown

讓位stepin

進入，介入Keywordsandusefulexpressionsstep的詞性變化：n./v.

腳步，步驟；走，踏Don’tsteponthegrass.UsefulExpression:stepbystep逐步地steponit 趕快，加把勁，踩油門steponone’stoes踩到某人的腳尖，得罪某人takesteps 采取措施decorateDerivatives:Keywordsandusefulexpressionsdecorate

v. 裝飾，裝修decoration

n.

裝飾，飾品decorative

adj. 裝飾的

NB:口語中decoration還簡化為decor：Ilovethisrestaurant--thefoodissogood,andIlovethedecorandthepaintings,too!

stickyDerivatives:stick

n./v.

棍,棒,手杖；粘貼，戳，迷住stickiness

n.

粘性sticky

adj.

粘的；棘手的；（天氣）濕熱的KeywordsandusefulexpressionsUsefulExpression:cometoastickyend 落個不好的下場holdastickto 可以和……媲美，比得上givesb.thestick 責打某人，懲罰某人PhrasalVerb:stickaround

待在附近stickto 粘在……上；忠于，信守considerateDerivatives:consider

vt.

考慮，認為considerableadj.

相當大（或多）的，值得考慮的considerablyadv.

相當?shù)豤onsiderateadj.

體貼的，考慮周到的consideratelyadv.

體貼地，體諒地inconsiderateadj.

不顧及別人的，輕率的considerationn.

體諒，考慮KeywordsandusefulexpressionsUsefulExpressions:allthingsconsidered

從各方面考慮起來takeintoconsideration

考慮到，顧及underconsideration

在考慮中，在研究中Collocations:consider…(tobe/as)…認為……（是）……KeywordsandusefulexpressionsHeconsideredthegirl(tobe/as)beautiful.considerthat認為……Heconsideredthatthegirlwasbeautiful.beconsideratetosb./ofsth.體諒某人／某事Sheisconsideratetoeveryoneinhercompany.Sheisalwaysconsiderateofothers’feelings.licenseNB:Derivatives:licensed adj.

得到許可的licensee n.

獲許可的人,領到執(zhí)照的人licenser/licensorn.

認可證頒發(fā)者(尤指批準書籍出版或戲劇演出的官員）

Keywordsandusefulexpressions注意在美語中名詞和動詞均為license，而在英語中l(wèi)icense是動詞，名詞則為licence。UsefulExpression:licenseplate(=licensetag) （汽車等的）牌照reserveNB:Derivatives:reservation

n.

保留，（旅館房間等）預定，預約reserved

adj.

保留的，矜持的Keywordsandusefulexpressionsreserve的詞性變化：vt.

保留，預定n.

儲備，貯藏量adj.

貯存的UsefulExpression:inreserve 備用的withoutreserve 無保留地，無條件地instructDerivatives:respondentadj./n.

回答的；答復者response

n.

回答，響應，反應responsive

adj.

響應的，作出響應的KeywordsandusefulexpressionsCollocations:instructsb.todosth.指示某人做某事SheinstructedaclassinEnglish.

Theofficerinstructedhismentostartearly.NB:“指令”、“命令”或“操作指南”常作復數(shù)instructions.instructsb.insth.在……指導某人respondDerivatives:instruction

n.

指導，指令，用法說明(書)

instructive

adj.

有益的,教育性的instructor

n.

教員，指導者instructress

n.

女教師,女指導KeywordsandusefulexpressionsCollocations:beresponsiveto易對……反應的，易受……感動的respondto對……作出反應UsefulExpressions:make/give/havearesponseto對……作出反應inresponse(tosth./sb.)

作為（對……的）答復或反應Thetextcanbedividedinto2parts:

Part1(Paragraphs1-7):ThestoryofmyfirstencounterwithJackandhowIfoundhimaveryspecialtaxidriver.Part2(Paragraph8):AgreattruthJackhadhiton:wehavebynatureasenseofbeauty,andarewillingtodosomethingtoaddtothebeautyinourlife.GlobalReadingPartDivisionoftheTextGR_FurtherUnderstanding

1.Whywasthecabdifferent?2.WhatdidJackdowheneachpassengergotout?WhatdoesthisdetailshowusaboutJack?3.Whyhadn’tJackeverbeendisappointedbypeoplesince1987?Wheneachpassengergotout,Jackcheckedtomakesurethateverythingwasinorderforthenextfare.ThisdetailshowsthatJackwasaverycarefulandindustrioustaxidriver.Questions:Becausethecabwascleananddecorated.Thefloorwascoveredwitharug.ThereweresmallreproductionsofpaintingsbyVanGoghandGauguininsidethecab.Andthewindowswerespotless.Becausehefoundthatpeopleappreciatebeautifulthings,andifthecabismadetobespotlessandattractive,peoplewillbeinclinedtokeepitclean.GlobalReadingFurtherUnderstandingASpecialTaxiMyfriend,Jack,wasataxidriver.Webecamefriendsquitebyaccident.Fiveyearsago,ImadeatriptoChicago.AfterIgotoutofO’HareInternationalAirport,ItookataxitotheSearsTower.ThemomentIsteppedintothecab,Irealizeditwasdifferent.Thefloorwascoveredwitharug.ThereweresmallreproductionsofpaintingsbyVanGoghandGauguininsidethecab.Andthewindowswerespotless.ItoldthedriverIhadneverriddeninamoreattractivetaxi.“Iliketohearmypassengerssaythat,”hereplied.“Howlonghaveyoubeendecoratingyourcab?”Iasked.DetailedReadingDR_text4-5_S“It’snotmine,”hesaid.“It’sacompanycab.IgottheideayearsagowhenIhadajobasaclean-upmanforthetaxicompany.Eachcarthatcameinattheendofthedaywaslikeagarbagepit.Cigarettebuttsandmatchescoveredthefloor.Stickystufflikepeanutbutterwasontheseatsordoorhandles.Ithoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacarworthkeepingclean,theymightbemoreconsiderate.”“AssoonasIgotmytaxilicense,Itriedoutmyideas.Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavemetodrive.Igotanicelightrugandsomeflowers.Wheneachpassengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverythingwasinorderforthenextfare.Afteraboutamonthofmybringinginaspotlesscab,thebossreservedthesamecarformeeachday.ThatwaswhenIputupthereproductionsofgreatpaintings.”DetailedReading“Howmanyyearshaveyoubeenataxidriver?”Iasked.“Istarteddrivingin1987,andI’veneverbeendisappointedbypeopleinallthattime.I’veneverhadtopickupasinglecigarettebutt.Nopeanutbutterorendsofice-creamcones.Nogarbage.LikewhatIsay,peopleappreciatebeautifulthings.Ifweplantedmoreflowersandtreesinthecityandmadethebuildingsmoreattractive,morepeoplewouldbeinclinedtokeepthecityclean.”Later,webecamegoodfriends.Iwasimpressedbythetaxi-driver,whohadhitonagreattruth,Ithought.Asenseofbeautycomeswiththegiftoflife.Mostpeopledon’thavetobeinstructedabouttherarityofbeauty.Theyrespondwhentheyfindit.And,iftheyaremadetofeelapartofit,theywilltrytoaddtoit.(429words)DetailedReading“It’snotmine,”hesaid.“It’sacompanycab.IgottheideayearsagowhenIhadajobasaclean-upmanforthetaxicompany.Eachcarthatcameinattheendofthedaywaslikeagarbagepit.Cigarettebuttsandmatchescoveredthefloor.Stickystufflikepeanutbutterwasontheseatsordoorhandles.Ithoughtthatifthecompanyandthedriverswouldgivepeopleacarworthkeepingclean,theymightbemoreconsiderate.”“AssoonasIgotmytaxilicense,Itriedoutmyideas.Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavemetodrive.Igotanicelightrugandsomeflowers.Wheneachpassengergotout,Icheckedtomakesurethateverythingwasinorderforthenextfare.Afteraboutamonthofmybringinginaspotlesscab,thebossreservedthesamecarformeeachday.ThatwaswhenIputupthereproductionsofgreatpaintings.”所有車輛收工回來都臟得像個垃圾坑。SentenceTranslation:Whenthetaxicabsreturnedfromwork,theywereallverydirty,filledwithvariouswastes.SentenceParaphrase:

句子的主干是eachcar…waslikeagarbagepit。主語car后帶了一個定語從句。注意這里的that不能省略，因為car在定語從句中作主語。當定語從句的先行詞在從句中作主語時，關系代詞不能省略。再看文中另一個句子：Iputalotofextradecorationsintothecabtheygavemetodrive.

在這句中先行詞cab在從句中作賓語，關系代詞that可以省略。

StructuralAnalysis:attheendoftheday是固定短語，表示“最后”、“到頭來”，或“最重要的”?！癏owmanyyearshaveyoubeenataxidriver?”Iasked.“Istarteddrivingin1987,andI’veneverbeendisappointedbypeopleinallthattime.I’veneverhadtopickupasinglecigarettebutt.Nopeanutbutterorendsofice-creamcones.Nogarbage.LikewhatIsay,peopleappreciatebeautifulthings.Ifweplantedmoreflowersandtreesinthecityandmadethebuildingsmoreattractive,morepeoplewouldbeinclinedtokeepthecityclean.”Later,webeca