高一英語(yǔ)必修二Unit1語(yǔ)法課件

Unit1GrammarCoursewareforCompulsoryEnglishi目錄nominalclauseAdverbialclauseAttributiveclauseSubjunctivemoodInvertedsentenceemphasizedpatternOmittingsentencepatternsnominalclause010102名詞性從句在句子中充當(dāng)名詞功能的從句，可以作為主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)或同位語(yǔ)。包括主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。Definition主語(yǔ)從句：在句子中充當(dāng)主語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在句首。賓語(yǔ)從句：在句子中充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在動(dòng)詞或介詞后面。同位語(yǔ)從句：在句子中充當(dāng)同位語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在名詞后面，對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。表語(yǔ)從句：在句子中充當(dāng)表語(yǔ)的從句，通常放在系動(dòng)詞后面。根據(jù)從句在句子中的功能和位置，可以分為四大類：主語(yǔ)從句、賓語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句和同位語(yǔ)從句。Classification主語(yǔ)從句賓語(yǔ)從句可以直接跟在動(dòng)詞或介詞后面，也可以用形式主語(yǔ)it來(lái)代替，將賓語(yǔ)從句放在句末。表語(yǔ)從句通常緊跟在系動(dòng)詞后面，表達(dá)主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì)或狀態(tài)。常用it作為形式主語(yǔ)，將主語(yǔ)從句放在句末，以保持句子平衡。同位語(yǔ)從句通常緊跟在名詞后面，對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，解釋名詞的具體內(nèi)容。Formation主語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)表達(dá)句子中的主語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)于復(fù)合句中。表語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)表達(dá)句子中的表語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)于復(fù)合句中。賓語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)表達(dá)句子中的賓語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)于復(fù)合句中。同位語(yǔ)從句用來(lái)對(duì)名詞進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，解釋名詞的具體內(nèi)容，常見(jiàn)于復(fù)合句中。UsesAdverbialclause02Itusuallybeginswithasubordinateconjunction,suchas"when","because","if",etc.Adverbialclauseisaclausethatfunctionsasanadverbinasentence,modifyingorclarifyingthemeaningofthemainclause.DefinitionTimeClausesTheseclausesindicateatimerelationshipbetweenthemainclauseandthesubordinateclause,suchas"WhenIwasyoung,Ilikedtoplay."ReasonClausesTheseclausesprovidethereasonfortheactionorstateinthemainclause,suchas"Hewon'tcomebecauseheisill."ConditionClausesTheseclausesexpressaconditionthatmustbemetfortheactionorstateinthemainclausetooccur,suchas"Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam."TypesofAdverbialClausesPurposeClausesTheseclausesindicatethepurposeforwhichanactionisdone,suchas"Shestudiedhardtopasstheexam."ConcessionClausesTheseclausesintroduceafactthatcontrastswiththemainclause,suchas"Althoughheispoor,heishappy."TypesofAdverbialClausesAdverbialclausescanbeusedtoaddmoreinformationaboutasituationorevent,makingthesentencemoredetailedandinformative.AddingInformationAdverbialclausescanbeusedtoclarifythemeaningofamainclausebyprovidingadditionalcontextorexplanation.ClarifyingMeaningAdverbialclausescanbeusedtoemphasizetheimportanceofaparticularactionoreventbyplacingitwithinalargercontextorsituation.EmphasizingImportanceUsesofAdverbialClausesAttributiveclause03Attributiveclauseisadependentclausethatmodifiesanounorpronounbyprovidingadditionalinformationaboutit.Italwaysfollowsthemodifiednounorpronounandisintroducedbyacomma.Attributiveclausecanbeclassifiedintotwotypes:restrictiveandnon-restrictive.Restrictiveclausesprovideessentialinformationaboutthemodifiednounorpronoun,whilenon-restrictiveclausesprovideadditionalinformationthatisnotessential.DefinitionAnattributiveclauseusuallystartswithacomma,followedbyafiniteornon-finiteclausethatmodifiesanounorpronoun.Theclausecanbeintroducedbyarelativepronoun(who,which,that)orapreposition(of,with,without).Theclausecanendwithacomma,aperiod,oracommafollowedbyacoordinatingconjunction(and,but,or).StructureofanAttributiveClause01Attributiveclausesareusedtoprovidemorespecificinformationaboutapersonorthing.02Theycanmodifynounsorpronounsandareoftenusedtoavoidredundancyorclarifythemeaningofthemodifiednounorpronoun.03Attributiveclausescanalsobeusedtoaddemphasisortocreateaspecificeffectinwriting.UsageofAttributiveClausesSubjunctivemood04用于表示與實(shí)際情況相反的情況，或者表示主觀愿望、假設(shè)、建議等。與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反、與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反和與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反。虛擬語(yǔ)氣虛擬語(yǔ)氣在英語(yǔ)中主要有三種形式Definition01與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反使用動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)，如“IfIwereyou,Iwouldchoosethatoption.”02與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反使用“had+過(guò)去完成時(shí)態(tài)”，如“Ifhehadstudiedharder,hewouldhavepassedtheexam.”03與將來(lái)事實(shí)相反使用“would+動(dòng)詞原形”，如“Ifhewonthelottery,hewouldbuyanewcar.”Forms01表示與實(shí)際情況相反的情況，如“IfIwereabird,Iwouldflytothesky.”02表示主觀愿望、假設(shè)、建議等，如“IfonlyIhadmoretime,Iwouldfinishtheproject.”在條件狀語(yǔ)從句中，使用虛擬語(yǔ)氣來(lái)表達(dá)條件與實(shí)際情況相反的情況，如“IfIhadknowntheanswer,Iwouldhaveraisedmyhandinclass.”Usage02Invertedsentence05倒裝句是一種特殊的語(yǔ)法結(jié)構(gòu)，其中句子中的詞語(yǔ)順序與常規(guī)順序不同，通常是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)或滿足一定的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則。倒裝句可以分為完全倒裝和部分倒裝兩種類型。Definition整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前，通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)或描述一個(gè)具體的場(chǎng)景或事件。只有部分謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前，通常用于強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)特定的部分或細(xì)節(jié)。完全倒裝部分倒裝TypesofInvertedSentences強(qiáng)調(diào)01通過(guò)倒裝句來(lái)強(qiáng)調(diào)某個(gè)特定的部分或細(xì)節(jié)，使讀者更加關(guān)注這部分內(nèi)容。02描述場(chǎng)景或事件使用倒裝句來(lái)描述一個(gè)具體的場(chǎng)景或事件，使句子更加生動(dòng)和形象。03滿足語(yǔ)法規(guī)則在某些情況下，使用倒裝句是為了滿足一定的語(yǔ)法規(guī)則，例如在疑問(wèn)句中。UsesofInvertedSentences0102"Outdashedthedog."(完全倒裝)"Hereisthebookyouwanted."(部分倒裝)ExamplesofInvertedSentencesemphasizedpattern06Definition:Theemphasizedpatternisagrammaticalstructureusedtohighlightorstressaparticularpartofasentence,oftenforemphasisortodrawattentiontoaspecificdetail.·Definition:Theemphasizedpatternisagrammaticalstructureusedtohighlightorstressaparticularpartofasentence,oftenforemphasisortodrawattentiontoaspecificdetail.EmphasizedpatternExamples"Itwasshewhofoundthelostkeys."(Emphasizingthesubject)"ThebookwrittenbyJohnisverypopular."(Emphasizingtheattribute)"Iwillgototheparty,nomatterwhat."(Emphasizingthemodalverb)01020304Emphasizedpattern123Byemphasizingthesubject,youcanhighlightthepersonorthingperformingtheaction.EmphasizingthesubjectEmphasizingtheattributecandrawattentiontoaspecificdetailorcharacteristicofthesubject.EmphasizingtheattributeEmphasizingthemodalverbcanemphasizetheactionorintentionofthesubject.EmphasizingthemodalverbCommonusesofemphasizedpatternClearcommunication01Usinganemphasizedpatterncanhelpmakeasentenceclearerandeasiertounderstand,especiallywhenconveyingimportantinformation.Stressingimportantdetails02Byemphasizingaspecificpartofasentence,youcanhighlightimportantinformationandensureitisnoticed.Addingemphasis03Addingemphasiscanmakeasentencemoreimpactfulandhelpconveytheintendedemotionortone.ImportanceofemphasizedpatternOmittingsentencepatterns07Simplepresenttenseis