商務英語高級閱讀模擬題指導訓（匯總3篇）

商務英語高級閱讀模擬題指導訓（匯總3篇）MarketingandStress

Marketingisoneofthemoststressfulwhite-collarjobsandmarketingexecutivesarenotfarbelowteacher,airtrafficcontrollersanddoctorsonthelistofhigh-stressoccupations.Inarecentstudy,67%ofpeopleinmarketingandadvertisingreportedthatexcessivelyhighstresswasaregularpartoftheirworkinglives;46%saidtheyoftenfeltcrushedbychronicstress,while34%weresufferingsomuchstresstheywereseriouslythinkingofleavingtheirjobs.__H__.

Therealcauseforconcernistheconditionofchronicstress.__9__.Thisisthenameforaconditioninwhichtheindividualhasbecomesomentallyandphysicallyexhaustedthatheorsheisnolongerabletofunctioneffectively.

Inmarketing,youfindpeoplewhoaredeeplydedicatedtotheirjobsandtobeingsuccessful.__10__.Onereasonistheintenselycompetitivenatureofmarketing–strivingtostayaheadinamarketwhereyouareconsistentlyupagainstcompetitorswhoarestrivingtostayaheadofyou.__11__.Thislossofperformanceiscompoundedbythefactthatmarketershavetoriskvastsumsofmoneyoncampaignsorproductlauncheswhichmayormaynotprovesuccessful.

Theamountofstressinajobisrelatedtotheamountofcontrolanemployeefeelsheorshehas.__12__.Butstressisalsorelatedtotheimportanceweattachtoasuccessfuloutcome.Ifsomeonegenuinelydoesnotcareiftheysucceedorfail,theirstressremainslow.However,themorepassionatelywecareaboutsuccess,thegreaterthestresswhenanythingthreatensit.Researchhasshownthatthemoststressfulorganizationstoworkinarethosewhichcombinehighlycompetitiveculture,demandsfortotaldedicationandalow-to-zerotoleranceoffailure.__13__.Whenasked,mostmarketerssaidthatthisdescriptionperfectlydescribetheculturesfoundinmostmarketingdepartment.

Thefinalingredientinthemixtureisthecombinationofbadmanagersandover-demandingclients.__14__.Someseniormangersseesuchpressuresasawayofgettingthingsdone.Butsurelyitwouldbefarbettertoreduceoreliminatethesourcesofstressthantohavetodealwiththeconsequences.

ADespitethiscommitment,itisveryhardforthemtoremainincontrolofevents,andthisthreatenstheirgoalsandcreatesinsecurity.

BSuchcompaniesarequicktoblamemarketerswhenthingsgowrong.

CThisresultsinahugenumberofuncertaintiesandworriesaboutthatcompetition,whichinturnleadstoinefficientworking.

DItiscausedbyunendingpressuretoperformatahighlevel,whichcaneventuallyresultinBurnOutStressSyndrome–BOSS.

EAlmosteverymarketerhasdealtwithbothofthemandismakeanxiousandexhaustedbytheexperience.

FThereforetheseproblemscanbeseentoincreaseinproportiontothenumberofstressfulsituations.

GUncertaintyaboutjobprospectsmakesmattersworseandisanotherchallengetothissenseofsecurity.

HFiguressuchasthesesuggestthatstressisaseriousproblem.

重要詞匯和表達：

Excessively;crushed;chronic;strive;compound;passionately;ingredient;

小資料：

WhatFactorsSeemToEssentiallyContributeToBurnoutStress?

1.Expectationofgreaterworkloadandlongerhours

2.Lossofindividualautonomy,overscheduling,predictableincome,lossoftrustandrespectofyourprofessionalrole

3.Pressuretotakeonmorerisksasyourbusinesssystemdemandscomplianceandtodecreasecostsbutincrease“quality”

4.Inabilitytobalancepersonalandprofessionallife

5.Decreasedcompanyorpeersocializationandcollegiality

6.Lackofpositiveandtimelyfeedbackfrommanagementortheownersofthecompany

7.Difficultyinsaying“No”(atwork,home,church,volunteeractivities,orinthecommunity)

8.Unrealisticexpectationsfromcustomersoremployees

WhatCanYouDoAboutBurnoutStress

Tryimplementingaburnoutavoidanceprogramwithinyourcompany.Thecomponentsoftheprogramincludemonitoringemployeeswholooklikecandidatesforearlyflameouts.Youknowtheones,burningthecandleatbothendsandtryingtoconquerandmasterallinanunrealistictimeframe.Traditionallytheworkplacehasrewardedthattypeofemployeebehaviorbypatsonthebacks,promotionsorotherformsofrecognition.Themessageissubtlebutclear:Welikethatkindofattitudeandaction.Butwillitfeelsogoodwhentheemployeeflamesout?

Asamanageroremployer,doyouencourageoreveninsistthatemployeestaketimeofftovacateandrecreate?Doyoumonitoryourownactionstodetermineifyouaresettinganexamplethatotherswillfollow?

WecanalsolearnalessonaboutburnoutfromMotherNature.Shedemonstratestheimportanceofbalance.Evensherecognizesthatplants,treesandanimalscan’tconstantlygrowandexpand.Theyneedanopportunitytorestandtoreplenishdiminishedresources.Sheprovidesthisbalancethroughtheseasonsoftheyeartoaccommodatetheneedsofnature.

Burnoutiscostly,anditispreventable.Ittakesapersonalcommitmentbytheemployees,themanagementandbythecompanytotakeproactivestepstopreventoraddressearlysignsofburnout.Itwilltakeyourcommitmentasamanagerandasapersontodetectandaddressthosesituationsthatleaduptothisstressrelatedsyndrome.

商務英語高級閱讀模擬題指導訓3

ExerciseOne

BillCockburn,freshfromreformingtheBritishPostOffice,isthenewChiefExecutiveofW.H.Smith,oneofthecountry’slargeststationers.Lastweek,whileissuingaprofitswarningalongwiththeinterimresults,headmittedwhateveryonehasalwaysknown,thatthe200yearoldW.H.Smithisunbearablysmug.“Thereis,”saidCockburn,“acultureofcomplacencyandacultureofexplainingwhywehaven’tdonewhatwesaidwewoulddo.”Ifhegetsthisway,allthatisabouttogo.“Weshouldwelcomereformasanopportunity,notathreat.Ican’tunderstandpeoplewhoarecontentwithmediocrityandacceptsecondbestwhentheyhavethepotentialtobeterrific.”

W.H.SmithchairmanJeremyHardieledthesearchtofindCorkburn.‘Ihaduniformlyfavorablereportsfromeveryonewhohadworkedwithhimassomeonewhogetsthingsdoneandcanalsobringoutthebestinhisstaff.’CockburnmayhavelittleexperienceofretailinginitspurestsensebutheisanexcellentchoicetoleadSmithoutofthecozyworldoftraditionandbureaucracy.

HerosetopoweratthePostOfficewhileitwasrecoveringfromthe1971strikeandsubsequentlossofimage.Hedidmuchtoimproveoverallperformance,cuttingoutunprofitableservicesandshakingupanold-fashionedmanagement.Heiswellawareoftheparallelsbetweenthetwobusinesses.‘Theold,matureoperationofW.H.Smithhasacultureandworkingpracticesthatgobackalongtime.ManagingchangeinayoungbusinesslikeoneofoursubsidiariesiseasierthanmanagingitinSmith’s549-storeempirewithallitstraditionandresistancetonewideas.Becausetheyhavebeenthereforsuchalongtime,thereisanexaggeratedsenseofprominence’

Corkburnisfamouslyshortofsentimentwhenitcomestomanagement.‘Itisaverypoliteenvironmenthere.’hesayswithamischievoussmile,‘Iwantittobemorechallenging,sopeoplecandisagreewitheachotherbutareunitedbydrivingthebusinessforward.IhopeIambreakingdownthebarriers.’TheshareshavealreadyrespondedtosuchdaringtalkbyjumpingconsiderablyinvaluesinceCorkburntookovertherunningofthecompany.

WhatdoesCockburnsayabouthimselfandhiscareer?Washeambitiousfromthestart?‘PeoplewouldassumeIwasambitiousbecauseofthespeedatwhichIprogressedthroughthePostOfficeorganization.ButIdidnothaveaviewIwouldendupanywhereinparticular.ItookeachjobasitcameandIhadtremendousbosseswhoencouragedme.Ilearnedfromthemhowtotakepressureandtoworkfastandhard.InthejobsIhaveaimedtocreatesuccessbecauseit’sgoodforstakeholders-customers,employeesandnow,intheprivatesector,shareholders.’

Hismanagementstyleisamixtureofenthusiasmandtoughness.‘Ibelieveyougetthebestoutofpeoplebymotivatingthem,supportingthemandsettingchallengingobjectives.Itseemstometheonlywaytoworkistobeopenandhonestandspeakyourmind,’hesays.Twenty-eightdaysintothejob,hehasdonetheeasypart.HehastraveledaroundtheSmithgroup,identifiedtheproblemsandpresentedhisfirstfinancialresults.Nowhehasjusttotransformthecompanyculturetooneofoneofstrivingforexcellence.‘I’mveryoptimistic,ofcourse,’hesays.‘Thebasicsaregreat.’Heseemslikethelightmanforthejob.

15.WhatisCorkburn?’sattitudetowardsW.H.Smith?

AHedisagreeswithpeoplewhoarefrightenedofchangethere.

BHewarnsitwillbedifficulttoexplainresultstocustomers.

CHethreatenstomakesomepeopleleave.

DHeacceptsthatnoteveryonecanbefirstrate.

16.JeremyHardiethinksCockburnpossessestheabilityto

Agetonwellwithotherpeople.

Bmakeprofitablebusinessdeals.

Cmotivateotherpeopleheworkswith.

Dchoosetherightpeopletoworkwith.

17.WhatdifficultydoesCockburnhavetodealwithatW.H.Smith?

Atheimagethepublichasofthecompany

Bthecomparisonpeoplemakewithhispreviousjob

Cthecompetitionfrommodern,newsubsidiaries

Dtheold,establishedcustomsinexistence

18.Asaresultofhisinfluence,Cockburnsayshewouldliketosee

Aanincreaseinshareprices.

Babettereducatedworkforce.

Camoredemandingatmosphere.

Dalessstructuredorganization.

19.Corkburnattributeshissuccessfulcareerto

Athesupporthisbossesgivehim.

Bhisownpersonalambition.

Cthehelphehasreceivedfromclients.

Dhisabilitytodoanyjobgiven.

20.WhatdoesCorkburnsayisthemostimportantfactorinsuccessfulmanagement?

Aalwaysthinkingpositively

Bnotdemandingtoomuchfromyourstaff

Csettinganexampletoyourstaff

Dsayingexactlywhatyouthink

UsefulWordsandExpressions:

Interim;smug;complacency;becontentwith;promi