小學(xué)英語單詞分類+語法時態(tài)匯總(附練習(xí)題)

動物：cat貓dog狗pig豬duck鴨rabbit兔子horse馬elephant大象ant螞蟻sheep羊donkey驢squirrel松鼠fish魚bird鳥eagle鷹snake蛇mouse老鼠kangaroo袋鼠goose鵝monkey猴子panda熊貓bear熊lion獅子tiger老虎fox狐貍zebra斑馬giraffe長頸鹿rooster公雞lion獅子zebra斑馬dragon龍swan天鵝hen母雞cow牛2.水果蔬菜mango芒果apple蘋果banana香蕉pear梨orange桔子watermelon西瓜grape葡萄peach桃子strawberries草莓lemon檸檬tomato西紅柿potato土豆onion洋蔥carrot胡蘿卜eggplant茄子greenbean青豆cucumber黃瓜cabbage卷心菜3.食物fish魚noodles面條cake蛋糕tofu豆腐nut堅(jiān)果meat肉beef牛肉pork豬肉sandwich三明治vegetable蔬菜rice米飯biscuits餅干egg雞蛋hotdog熱狗sausage香腸jam果醬sweetpotato白薯milk牛奶cherrypie櫻桃派onion洋蔥chicken雞肉oil油pizza披薩yogurt酸奶chocolate巧克力porkribs排骨icecream冰激凌sweetandsourfish糖醋魚bread面包meatballs肉丸子chickennuggets炸雞塊fruit水果abowlofsoup一碗湯cookies曲奇adish一道菜salad沙拉greenbean青豆dessert甜點(diǎn)ketchup番茄沙司hamburger漢堡Frenchfries炸薯?xiàng)l4.飲料coffee咖啡coke可樂juice果汁milk牛奶water水orangejuice橙汁beer啤酒tea茶5.交通工具bike自行車bus公共汽車train火車boat小船ship輪船yacht快艇car小汽車jeep吉普車plane飛機(jī)subway地鐵taxi出租車spaceship宇宙飛船6.顏色red紅色blue藍(lán)色yellow黃色orange橘色green綠色pink粉色black黑色white白色brown棕色grey灰色purple紫色silver銀色7.學(xué)習(xí)用品computer電腦knife小刀pen鋼筆pencil鉛筆pencil-case鉛筆盒pencil-box鉛筆盒ruler尺子book書bag書包newspaper報(bào)紙schoolbag書包eraser橡皮mathbook數(shù)學(xué)書sharpener轉(zhuǎn)筆刀storybook故事書notebook筆記本Englishbook英語書crayon蠟筆Chinesebook語文書8.FamilyTree家庭成員之間的關(guān)系mother母親father父親sister姐妹brother兄弟son兒子daughter女兒uncle叔叔aunt阿姨dad爸爸mom媽媽grandfather祖父grandmother祖母grandpa爺爺grandma奶奶cousin堂兄弟姐妹nephew侄子niece侄女9.用來形容某人的詞匯：例：“Heiskind.〞〔他是善良的〕clever〔聰明的〕cute〔可愛的〕dangerous〔危險(xiǎn)的〕famous〔著名的〕fine〔美好的〕funny〔有趣的〕great〔了不起的〕lovely〔可愛的〕nice〔和藹的〕shy〔害羞的〕slow〔遲鈍的〕smart〔聰明的〕wonderful〔奇妙的〕10.體貌特征。例：“Heistallandstrong.〞〔他高大而強(qiáng)壯?！尺€有一些詞語是：beautiful〔美麗的〕dirty〔臟的〕fat〔肥胖的〕healthy〔健康的〕little〔小的〕old〔年老的〕pretty〔漂亮的〕short〔矮的〕thin〔瘦的〕ugly〔難看的〕young〔年輕的〕11.職業(yè)“Heisalawyer〔律師〕.〞。其他表示職業(yè)的單詞還有：cook〔廚師〕dentist〔牙科醫(yī)生〕doctor〔醫(yī)生〕driver〔駕駛員〕engineer〔工程師〕farmer〔農(nóng)民〕manager〔經(jīng)理〕nurse〔護(hù)士〕policeman〔警察〕policewoman〔女警察〕postman〔郵差〕pupil〔小學(xué)生〕scientist〔科學(xué)家〕singer〔歌手〕student〔學(xué)生〕teacher〔教師〕waiter〔效勞員〕worker〔工人〕pilot〔飛行員〕professor〔大學(xué)教授〕coach〔教練〕teacher〔教師〕barber〔理發(fā)師〕tourguide〔導(dǎo)游〕writer〔作家〕12.體育用品：ball球basketball籃球volleyball排球tennis網(wǎng)球ping-pong乒乓tabletennis乒乓球football足球soccer英式足球golf高爾夫rugby橄欖球badminton羽毛球goskating滑冰13.課程、科目：Chinese語文math數(shù)學(xué)English英語music英語art美術(shù)P.E體育science科學(xué)M.E品德computer計(jì)算機(jī)14.方位：east東west西south南north北15.餐具：plate盤子knife刀fork叉spoon勺子pot鍋chopsticks筷子16.地點(diǎn)：home家room房間bedroom臥室bathroom浴室livingroom客廳kitchen廚房washroom洗手間study書房classroom教室library圖書館bookstore書店playground操場gym體育館computerroom電腦教室musicroom音樂教室artroom美術(shù)教室office辦公室school學(xué)校postoffice郵局clinic診所hospital醫(yī)院shop商店bank銀行company公司factory工廠farm農(nóng)場cinema電影院museum博物館park公園amusementpark游樂園themepark主題公園zoo動物園supermarket超市g(shù)asstation加油站theGreatWall長城theSummerPalace頤和園thePalaceMuseum故宮17.國家、城市：ChinaAmerica/US/USABritain/UKEnglandCanadaAustraliaNewYorkLondonSydney18.服飾：jacket夾克衫shirt襯衫T-shirtT恤衫skirt短裙dress連衣裙jeans牛仔褲socks襪子shoes鞋sweater毛衣coat外套raincoat雨衣shorts短褲sneakers運(yùn)動鞋slippers拖鞋trousers褲子sandals涼鞋boots長靴hat帽子cap鴨舌帽tie領(lǐng)帶scarf圍巾gloves手套suit套裝uniform校服blouse女士襯衫pants長褲19.職業(yè):teacher教師student學(xué)生doctor醫(yī)生nurse護(hù)士driver司機(jī)farmer農(nóng)民singer歌唱家writer作家engineer工程師policeman警察pilot飛行員barber理發(fā)師lawyer律師professor大學(xué)教授coach教練20.身體部位body身體back后背heart心臟neck脖子tooth牙齒foot足head頭face臉hair頭發(fā)nose鼻子mouth嘴eye眼睛ear耳朵arm胳膊hand手finger手指leg腿knee膝蓋toe腳趾21.人的心理感受happy快樂的，開心的glad快樂的angry生氣的sad悲傷的tired累的interested感興趣的afraid害怕的excited興奮的22.患病、身體不舒服ill有病的sick有病的fever發(fā)燒hurt受cold感冒cough咳嗽sorethroat嗓子疼arunnynose流鼻涕flu流感toothache牙疼headache頭疼earache耳朵疼backache腰疼stomachache胃疼pill藥片，藥丸23.樂器：flute笛子violin小提琴piano鋼琴drum鼓guitar吉他形狀circle圓diamond菱形square正方形rectangle長方形triangle三角形heart心形star五角星形25.數(shù)詞one一two二three三four四five五six六seven七eight八nine九ten十eleven十一twelve十二thirteen十三fourteen十四fifteen十五sixteen十六seventeen十七eighteen十八nineteen十九twenty二十thirty三十forty四十fifty五十sixty六十seventy七十eighty八十ninety九十hundred百thousand千26.序數(shù)詞first第一second第二third第三fourth第四fifth第五sixth第六seventh第七eighth第八ninth第九tenth第十27.季節(jié)(season)spring春天summer夏天autumn/fall秋天winter冬天28.星期〔week〕Sunday星期日Monday星期一Tuesday星期二Wednesday星期三Thursday星期四Friday星期五Saturday星期六weekend周末29.月份January一月February二月March三月April四月May五月June六月July七月August八月September九月October十月November十一月December十二月30.節(jié)日：Teachers’Day教師節(jié)---September10thNationalDay國慶節(jié)---October1stThanksgivingDay感恩節(jié)---thefourthThursdayinNovemberChristmasDay圣誕節(jié)---December25thNewYear元旦---January1stSpringFestival春節(jié)Women’sDay婦女節(jié)---March8thTree-PlantingDay植樹節(jié)---March12thLaborDay勞動節(jié)---May1stMother’sDay母親節(jié)---thesecondSundayinMayFather’sDay父親節(jié)---thethirdSundayinJuneChildren’sDay兒童節(jié)---June1st31.天氣〔weather〕：sun太陽sunny晴朗的cloud云cloudy多云的rain雨rainy下雨的wind風(fēng)windy有風(fēng)的snow雪snowy下雪的hot顏色的cold寒冷的cool涼爽的warm溫暖的wet濕潤的dry枯燥的32.動詞：動詞第三人稱單數(shù)現(xiàn)在分詞過去時態(tài)paint繪畫，涂色have有、吃eat吃drink喝look看see看見watch看fly飛draw畫畫clean清掃play玩、演奏open翻開close關(guān)上wait等待help幫助pass傳遞show展示come來try嘗試welcome歡送run跑wear穿know知道love愛like喜歡enjoy喜愛work工作tell告訴want想要rain下雨swim游泳skate滑冰sleep睡覺talk談話call打jump跳walk走climb爬drive開車buy買teach教read讀cook做飯study學(xué)習(xí)learn學(xué)習(xí)sing唱歌dance跳舞miss錯過collect收集kill殺死protect保護(hù)plant種植throw扔ride騎wash洗不規(guī)那么變化的動詞過去式：do/does---didis---wasare---werego---wenthave---hadare---wereget---gotsay---saidfeel---feltdrink--drankeat--atebring----broughtthink----thoughtbuy----boughtcatch----caughtteach----taughtsit----satcut----cutput---putbecome----became時態(tài)總復(fù)習(xí)一、【一般現(xiàn)在時】1.表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生或反復(fù)發(fā)生的動作。2.表示真實(shí)存在的情況和狀態(tài)。Heisastudent.他是一個學(xué)生。3.表示永恒的真理。Thesunrisesintheeast.太陽從東邊升起。一般現(xiàn)在時的結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞原形〔主語是第三人稱單數(shù)的時候用動詞原形+s或es〕〔1〕肯定句：Idomyhomeworkatsix.Myfathergoesfishingeveryday.否認(rèn)句：Idon’tlikeeatingvegetables.Hecan’tspeakEnglishverywell.cannot=can’tcannot=can’tcan所有人稱doesnot=doesn’tdoesHe/she/itdonot=don’tdoI/you/theyarenot=aren’tareYou/theyisnot=isn’tisHe/she/itamnotamI動詞否認(rèn)形式動詞肯定形式人稱肯定：Iamateacher.否認(rèn)：Iamnotateacher.肯定：Marylikeshotdog.否認(rèn)：Marydoesn’tlikebanana.肯定：Icaneatthreehamburgers.否認(rèn)：Ican’teatthreehamburgers.1.Doyouoften________(washing/wash)yourhair?2.They______(live/living)inthesamehouse.3.It______(snow/snows)inwinter.4.Look!Peteris_______(play/playing)thebasketball.【一般現(xiàn)在時動詞第三人稱單數(shù)的變化規(guī)那么】1、直接在動詞后+slike-likesplay-plays2、以s,x,sh,ch,接尾的動詞：+eswash-washeswatch-watches3、以輔音+o接尾的動詞：+esgo-goesdo-does4、以輔音+y接尾的動詞：變y為i+esfly-fliesIgotoschooleveryday.Yougotoschooleveryday.Hegoestoschooleveryday.IwatchTVatseven.YouwatchTVatseven.MyfatherwatchesTVatseven.Iplayfootballafterschooleveryday.Youplayfootballafterschooleveryday.Peterplaysfootballafterschooleveryday.1.Peteralways____toschoolonfoot.A.goB.wentC.goes2.----What’sthis?----_____isabook.A.thatB.ThisC.this3.Look!Mary___________intheriver.A.swimB.isswimingC.isswimming4.Heusually____upatsixinthemorning.A.gotB.getC.gets5.Henever____toschoollate.A.goB.goingC.goes6.WhatisMikedoingnow?Heis_______anEnglishbook.A.raedingB.readingC.reads7.Listen!Thebird_________overthere.A.issingingB.singingC.aresinging8.We________footballtomorrow.A.playedB.playC.willplay9.Heiseighteenyearsolder____Iam.A.likeB.thanC.so【現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時】現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時表示動作發(fā)生的時間是“現(xiàn)在〞，動作目前的狀態(tài)是“正在進(jìn)行中〞。所謂“正在進(jìn)行中〞，是指在談到這件事的時候，這個動作還在進(jìn)行中?，F(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的構(gòu)成是:主語+be動詞+動詞ing形式肯定句:主語+be+現(xiàn)在分詞否認(rèn)句：主語+be+not+現(xiàn)在分詞一般疑問句:be+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞特殊疑問句：特殊疑問詞+be動詞+主語+現(xiàn)在分詞+Sth變化規(guī)那么1.直接+ing(例：sleep+ing=sleeping)2.去掉不發(fā)音的e+ing(例：make-e+ing=making)3.重讀閉音節(jié)，以輔音字母加元音字母結(jié)尾的詞，要雙寫尾字母再加ing〔例：swim+m+ing=swimming)時間狀語可用來表示現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時的時間狀語，常用的有：now,thisweek,atthismoment，rightnow等；或者告訴你一個準(zhǔn)確的現(xiàn)在時間，或者用look,listen〔常用于句子的開頭，表示提醒聽者注意正在發(fā)生的事情〕。例如：例：Theyareplayingbasketballnow.Listen!SheissinginganEnglishsong.It's6:30now.Iamgettingup.1.MrZheng(read)abooknow.2.Therabbits(jump)now.3..Look!TomandJohn(swim).4.Mybrother(make)akiteinhisroomnow.5.Look!Thebus(stop).6.We(have)anEnglishclassnow.7.Listen!Someoneis(come).8.They(catch)butterfliesnow.9.He(do)anexperimentnow.三、【一般將來時】(1)主語+be動詞+goingtodo(動詞原形)….表示將要做某事I’mgoingtobeanengineer.Areyougoingtobeadoctor,too?KateisgoingtogotoLondonbyplane.(2)主語+will+動詞原形表示將要做某事Iwilleatsomeapples.HewillgotoNewYorkthisSunday.第一人稱主語+shall+動詞原形表示將要做某事Ishallbuysomethingformymom.Shallwegoshoppingafterschool?選擇正確的答案：Lucywill_____(going/go)toBritainnextmonth.Willyou______(play/plays)footballwithme?I’mgoingto_____afilmtomorrow.Theyaregoingto______nextSunday.Lisaisgoingto______asongattheparty.()1.A.seeingB.seeC.sees()2.A.swimB.swimmingC.swims()3.A.singsB.singC.singing【一般過去時】一般過去時表示過去某個時間里發(fā)生的動作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過去的時間狀語連用，如：yesterday〔昨天〕，lastnight〔昨晚〕，in1990〔在1990年〕，twodaysago〔兩天前〕等。一般過去時也表示過去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動作，常和often，always等表示頻率的時間狀語連用。過去習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性的動作、行為；過去主語所具備的能力和性格。一般過去時不需考慮第三人稱單數(shù)的變化。一般過去時的結(jié)構(gòu)：根本結(jié)構(gòu)：主語+動詞過去式+其他；否認(rèn)形式①was/were+not;②在行為動詞前加didn't，同時復(fù)原行為動詞。規(guī)那么變化的動詞過去式：1．直接加ed：work——workedlook——looked，2．以不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾的單詞，直接加d：live——livedhope——hopeduse——used,3以輔音字母+y結(jié)尾的，變y為i加ed：study——studiedcarry——carriedworry——worried,4以元音字母+y結(jié)尾的，直接加ed：enjoy——enjoyedplay——played5以重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾的，雙寫最后的輔音字母+ed：stop——stoppedplan——planned不規(guī)那么變化的動詞過去式：do/does---didis---wasare---werego---wenthave---hadare---wereget---gotsay---saidfeel---feltdrink--drankeat