2017年-2023年高考英語閱讀真題長難句解析（71-72）講義-高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)

長難句翻譯Iwasn’tsatisfiedandIwasn’tconvincedthattheinterventionstheywouldeventuallyimplementwouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpactthatwassoclearlyneeded.72.Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.長難句翻譯解析71.Iwasn’tsatisfiedandIwasn’tconvincedthattheinterventionstheywouldeventuallyimplementwouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpactthatwassoclearlyneeded.第一步：斷句該句的信號詞有：①連接詞and②從句引導(dǎo)詞that③語義斷句④語義斷句⑤從句引導(dǎo)詞that所以斷句完成后如下：Iwasn’tsatisfied/andIwasn’tconvinced/thattheinterventions/theywouldeventuallyimplement/wouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpact/thatwassoclearlyneeded.第二步：找主謂，定主從第一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是Iwasn’tsatisfied；第二個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是Iwasn’tconvinced;第三個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是theinterventionswouldhave;第四個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是theywouldimplement;第五個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是thatwas。根據(jù)信號詞也可以判斷該句有4個(gè)從句，找完后標(biāo)記如下：Iwasn’tsatisfied/andIwasn’tconvinced/thattheinterventions/theywouldeventuallyimplement/wouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpact/thatwassoclearlyneeded.第三步：分析主句和從句.本句的主干是：Iwasn’tsatisfiedandIwasn’tconvincedtheinterventionswouldhavetheimpact.①這一部分是本句的主干部分，這里有兩個(gè)重要形容詞satisfied和convinced。我們來學(xué)習(xí)一些相關(guān)用法。besatisfiedwith,表示對某事物滿意；beconvinced(that)…確信…,信服…;beconvincedofsth.對…確信。②這一小句，其實(shí)隱藏著一個(gè)定語從句，在上一節(jié)長難句分析中，我們也提到過這種that定語從句省略連接詞的情況，就是當(dāng)定語從句先行詞是物，關(guān)系代詞which/that充當(dāng)從句中的賓語時(shí)可以省略。這里的interventions可以看做先行詞，作后面動(dòng)詞implement的賓語。這半句的意思是“他們最終采取的干涉措施”。這小半句中有兩個(gè)可能大家不太熟悉的單詞，可以學(xué)習(xí)一下做一下筆記。intervention:[n.]干涉，干預(yù)，介入。例如：governmentinterventiontoregulateprices，政府介入以控制物價(jià)。implement:[v.]執(zhí)行，貫徹，實(shí)施。例如：implementapolicy/plan/decision，執(zhí)行政策/計(jì)劃/決議。③這一句稍微有點(diǎn)復(fù)雜，很多同學(xué)可能會(huì)有點(diǎn)困惑，其實(shí)這里可以看作是that引導(dǎo)的主語從句，這一句從前面開頭看起：[thatthe…wouldactually…ofimpact]，先移出我們剛剛分析的定語從句，這句主語從句完整的就是：“thattheinterventionswouldactuallyhavethelevelofimpact.”分析完句子結(jié)構(gòu)，我們來看一下這個(gè)句子里面的重點(diǎn)詞組，havethe(an)impact(on/upon)：對…有影響,對…有作用。④這一句是that引導(dǎo)的定語從句，這里連接詞that修飾的先行詞是impact，這半句的意思是“這種影響水平切實(shí)需要”。下面看一下在經(jīng)過省略和潤色后的翻譯吧~【參考譯文】我并不滿足，也并不相信他們最終采取的那些干涉措施能夠切實(shí)滿足需求。Thissuccess,coupledwithlaterresearchshowingthatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,ledEricssontoconcludethattheactofmemorizingismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.01斷句該句的信號詞有：①標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號逗號②從句引導(dǎo)詞that③標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號逗號④從句引導(dǎo)詞that⑤介詞短語bemoreof...than...所以斷句完成后如下：Thissuccess,/coupledwithlaterresearchshowing/thatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,/ledEricssontoconclude/thattheactofmemorizing/ismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.02找主謂，定主從第一個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是第一小句thissuccessled；第二個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是memoryisdetermined;第三個(gè)主謂結(jié)構(gòu)是theactofmemorizingis;根據(jù)信號詞也可以判斷該句有2個(gè)從句，找完后標(biāo)記如下：Thissuccess,/coupledwithlaterresearchshowing/thatmemoryitselfisnotgeneticallydetermined,/ledEricssontoconclude/thattheactofmemorizing/ismoreofacognitiveexercisethananintuitiveone.03.分析主句和從句本句的主干是：ThissuccessledEricssontoconcludethat....①這個(gè)句子雖然短，但是修飾成分很多，我們在找主干的時(shí)候要去移出這些成分，確定句子的主謂成分，Thissuccess是本句的主語，謂語部分并沒有直接跟在后面，而是在距離較遠(yuǎn)的后面，led才是本劇的謂語，led是動(dòng)詞lead的過去式，譯為“引導(dǎo)，促使，導(dǎo)致...”②這里coupledwith...作伴隨，相當(dāng)于and。這里的意思是：（這種成功）和之后的研究...coupledwith:加上....,外加；與...相結(jié)合...eg:Overproduction,coupledwithfallingsales,hasledtohugelossesforthepany.生產(chǎn)過剩加上銷售下降使這家公司遭受巨大損失。類似的短語表達(dá)有：alongwith;binedwith③在這半句中，現(xiàn)在分詞短語showinthat..作后置定語，修飾前面的laterresearch；這里的that引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)賓語從句，作showing的賓語，這半句譯為：表明記憶本身并不是先天決定的研究...下面學(xué)習(xí)一下本句的生詞：genetically:adv.基因的，遺傳的；從遺傳學(xué)角度，從基因方面eg:Somepeoplearegeneticallypredisposedtodiabetes.有些人因遺傳因素而易患糖尿病。（柯林斯英漢雙解大詞典）determine:v.決定，左右；查明，確定determinetodosth:todecidetodosomething決定做某事eg:Wedeterminedtoleaveatonce.我們決定立刻離開。④最后半句是句子主干的謂語部分。that引導(dǎo)賓語從句，作conclude的賓語。在這半句中有一些重要單詞和短語的用法需要同學(xué)們做筆記加深印象，我們一起來學(xué)習(xí)一下吧~lead(過去式和過去分詞都是led）leadsbtodosth引導(dǎo)某人做某事；導(dǎo)致某人做某事eg：Hertrustingnatureoftenledherintotrouble.它容易輕信別人的性格經(jīng)常使她遇到麻煩。conclude:v.作出...結(jié)論，推斷出...conclusion:n.結(jié)論concludethat..eg:Thereportconcludedthattheschoolshouldbeclosedimmediatelly.報(bào)告的結(jié)論是這所學(xué)校應(yīng)該立刻關(guān)閉。bemoreofsththansth:與其說...，倒不如說eg：Itwasmoreofaholidaythanatrainingexercise.與其說是培訓(xùn)活動(dòng)，還不如說是度假。cognitive:adj.認(rèn)知的，認(rèn)知過程的。intuitive:[想法]（出于）直覺的eg:Heseemedtohaveanintuitiveawarnessofhowileft.他好像憑直覺就知道我的感受。04參考譯文這種成功和后來表明記憶并不是先天決定的研究使愛立信總結(jié)到，記憶的行為與其說是一種先天的行為不如說是一種習(xí)得的行為。高考英語名詞部分真題演練名詞noun1．【湖南省長沙市第一中學(xué)2023年高三試題】ResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavesaidthatlisteningtomusiccanchangeourbrainactivitiesandthatmusiccanbereachedeasily,makingitahelpfulstress_______(reduce)tool.2.【湖北省武漢市第一中學(xué)20222023學(xué)年高三試題】Now,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevarietyhavereacheda______(high)ofabout30cm.3.【2023屆湖北省華中師范大學(xué)第一附屬中學(xué)高三4月押題】Thezonewillachievezerocarbon___________(operate)inallaspects.4.【河南省南陽市一中2023年高三試題】Unliketraditionalpaintings,ontowhichcolorsare“added,”“knifepainters”applyvariedpressureonthepaperindifferent______(direction)tocreatedifferentcolorsandtones.5.【2023屆河南省焦作市普通高中高三第二次模擬考試英語試題】Becauseits______(long)is21,196.18km,itiswidelynamed“WanliChangcheng”.ThereareNorthernGreatWallandSouthernGreatWall,accordingtothelocations.6.【江西省臨川第一中學(xué)2023年高三期末】Theyfoundonestarthatappearedtobeaffectedbygravityfromanunseenobjectnearby.Followup_________(observation)confirmedthatthisobjectwasablackhole.7.【2023屆江西省金溪一中等七校高三聯(lián)考試卷】IfyouaskChineseyoungpeopletodaywhattheirdreamjobis,theymayanswerwithanumberofnewoccupationsyouhaveprobablyneverheardofbefore,suchasvirtualartist,shoppingassistantorsleephotlineoperator.Besidesbeingrelativelynew,thesejobsgivepeoplemuch________(flexible)toenjoylife’smanyotherpursuits.8.【2023屆福建省廈門市第一中學(xué)一模試題】AccordingtoWuYiqin,vicepresidentoftheChinaWritersAssociation,theproject_______(aim)tocultivateyoungwritersandliteratureworkersfromthegrassrootsandpublishgoodqualitynovelsthathave_______(vary)themessuchasthecountry’sefforttoliftmillionsofpeopleoutof_________(poor)andruralvitalization.9.【安徽省安慶二中2023年高三質(zhì)量檢測】Farfrombeingnarrowmindedandhostileto__________(foreign)，peoplecameuptotalktomethefirsttimeIwentoutonthestreet.10.【浙江省金華十校2023年高三4月二模試題】Thefirsteveronlinemarketplaceforallotments(菜地),AllotMe,hasunveiledplansforrapid_______(expand)aftersecuringmorethan250,000$frominvestors.11.【2023屆江蘇南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三一模適應(yīng)性考試英語試題】Fromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentofsuch________(technology)beforereachingaconclusionabouttheirefficacyandhelpfulnature.12.【吉林省東北師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)2023年高三二模試卷】Mostofthemainice________(build)intheparkhavebeenfinishedandtheparkisexpectedtoopeninafewdays.13.【2023屆遼寧省沈陽市二中第三次模擬考試英語試題】Moreover,thesugarpaintingartistshavegainedincreasing_____30_____(recognize).14.【石家莊二中2023年高三第二學(xué)期南北聯(lián)考試題】Thisfamous____8____(attract),Yuzui,togetherwithtwootherimportantparts,namelyFeishayanandBaopingkou,wasscientificallydesignedtocontrolthewaterflowthroughouttheyear.15.【江蘇省新高考基地學(xué)校2023年高三3月大聯(lián)考試題】Boiledteaisservedinhomes,workplaces,teahouses,restaurantsandtemplesandusedasanimportantmediumformunicationinsocializingand________(ceremony)suchasweddingsandsacrifices.02答案及解析1．【湖南省長沙市第一中學(xué)2023年高三試題】ResearchersatStanfordUniversityhavesaidthatlisteningtomusiccanchangeourbrainactivitiesandthatmusiccanbereachedeasily,makingitahelpfulstress_______(reduce)tool.【答案】reduction/reducing【詳解】考查名詞或非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：斯坦福大學(xué)的研究人員說，聽音樂可以改變我們的大腦活動(dòng)，而且音樂很容易接觸，這使它成為一種有用的減壓工具。此處作定語修飾tool，表示“減壓”可用名詞reduction，或ing形式reducing。故填reduction/reducing。2.【湖北省武漢市第一中學(xué)20222023學(xué)年高三試題】Now,theseedlingsofthetallshootricevarietyhavereacheda______(high)ofabout30cm.【答案】height【詳解】考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)在，高莖水稻品種的幼苗已經(jīng)長到約30厘米高。分析句子機(jī)構(gòu)可知，空前是介詞at，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，high的名詞形式是height。故填height。3.【2023屆湖北省華中師范大學(xué)第一附屬中學(xué)高三4月押題】Thezonewillachievezerocarbon___________(operate)inallaspects.【答案】operation【詳解】考查名詞。句意：園區(qū)將實(shí)現(xiàn)全方位零碳運(yùn)營。根據(jù)句意和所給動(dòng)詞operate以及空格前的動(dòng)詞achieve分析句子可知，空格處應(yīng)該填入operate的名詞形式operation作動(dòng)詞achieve的賓語，為不可數(shù)名詞。故填operation。4.【河南省南陽市一中2023年高三試題】Unliketraditionalpaintings,ontowhichcolorsare“added,”“knifepainters”applyvariedpressureonthepaperindifferent______(direction)tocreatedifferentcolorsandtones.【答案】directions【詳解】考查名詞。句意：與傳統(tǒng)繪畫不同的是，在紙上“添加”顏色，“刀畫家”在不同的方向在紙上施加不同的壓力，以創(chuàng)造不同的顏色和色調(diào)。形容詞修飾名詞作介詞in的賓語，different修飾用復(fù)數(shù)，故填directions。5.【2023屆河南省焦作市普通高中高三第二次模擬考試英語試題】Becauseits______(long)is21,196.18km,itiswidelynamed“WanliChangcheng”.ThereareNorthernGreatWallandSouthernGreatWall,accordingtothelocations.【答案】length【詳解】考查名詞。句意：因?yàn)樗拈L度是21196.18公里，因此，它被廣泛命名為“萬里長城”。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)和意思可知，本空應(yīng)該填long的名詞形式，作主語。故填length。6.【江西省臨川第一中學(xué)2023年高三期末】Theyfoundonestarthatappearedtobeaffectedbygravityfromanunseenobjectnearby.Followup_________(observation)confirmedthatthisobjectwasablackhole.【答案】observations【詳解】考查名詞。句意：隨后的觀測證實(shí)這個(gè)物體是一個(gè)黑洞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空前是followup為形容詞，所以空處應(yīng)填名詞，observation意為“觀測”，為可數(shù)名詞，根據(jù)常識知，天文觀測不會(huì)只做一次，此處應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填observations。7.【2023屆江西省金溪一中等七校高三聯(lián)考試卷】IfyouaskChineseyoungpeopletodaywhattheirdreamjobis,theymayanswerwithanumberofnewoccupationsyouhaveprobablyneverheardofbefore,suchasvirtualartist,shoppingassistantorsleephotlineoperator.Besidesbeingrelativelynew,thesejobsgivepeoplemuch________(flexible)toenjoylife’smanyotherpursuits.【答案】flexibility【詳解】考查名詞。句意：除了相對較新之外，這些工作給了人們很大的靈活性來享受生活中的許多其他追求。分析句子成分可知，該空作動(dòng)詞give的賓語，又因?yàn)榭涨坝行揎椩~much，故此處用所給形容詞的名詞。故填flexibility。8.【2023屆福建省廈門市第一中學(xué)一模試題】AccordingtoWuYiqin,vicepresidentoftheChinaWritersAssociation,theproject_______(aim)tocultivateyoungwritersandliteratureworkersfromthegrassrootsandpublishgoodqualitynovelsthathave_______(vary)themessuchasthecountry’sefforttoliftmillionsofpeopleoutof_________(poor)andruralvitalization.【答案】aimsvariouspoverty【詳解】1.考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：據(jù)中國作家協(xié)會(huì)副主席吳宜勤介紹，該項(xiàng)目旨在培養(yǎng)來自基層的年輕作家和文學(xué)工作者，出版各種主題的高質(zhì)量小說，如國家努力使數(shù)百萬人擺脫貧困和鄉(xiāng)村振興。分析句子可知，aim是謂語動(dòng)詞，根據(jù)句意和上下文語境可知，用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，且主語theproject是第三人稱單數(shù)，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)，故填aims。2.考查形容詞。句意：據(jù)中國作家協(xié)會(huì)副主席吳宜勤介紹，該項(xiàng)目旨在培養(yǎng)來自基層的年輕作家和文學(xué)工作者，出版各種主題的高質(zhì)量小說，如國家努力使數(shù)百萬人擺脫貧困和鄉(xiāng)村振興。修飾名詞themes用形容詞作定語，故填various。3.考查名詞。句意同上。介詞后用名詞作賓語，outofpoverty“擺脫貧困”，故填poverty。9.【安徽省安慶二中2023年高三質(zhì)量檢測】Farfrombeingnarrowmindedandhostileto__________(foreign)，peoplecameuptotalktomethefirsttimeIwentoutonthestreet.【答案】foreigners【詳解】考查名詞的數(shù)。foreigner為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示人們對待外國人的態(tài)度，數(shù)量大于一，故用復(fù)數(shù)形式foreigners。10.【浙江省金華十校2023年高三4月二模試題】Thefirsteveronlinemarketplaceforallotments(菜地),AllotMe,hasunveiledplansforrapid_______(expand)aftersecuringmorethan250,000$frominvestors.【答案】expansion。【詳解】考查名詞。句意：首個(gè)在線小塊土地市場AllotMe在從投資者手中獲得逾25萬美元后，顯露了快速擴(kuò)張的計(jì)劃。rapid是形容詞，修飾空處的名詞，根據(jù)英文提示，應(yīng)填expansion，為不可數(shù)名詞；故填expansion。11.【2023屆江蘇南京師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)高三一模適應(yīng)性考試英語試題】Fromascientificpointofview,thereisaneedtocloselywatchthedevelopmentofsuch________(technology)beforereachingaconclusionabouttheirefficacyandhelpfulnature.【答案】technologies【詳解】考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。句意：從科學(xué)的角度來看，在對這些技術(shù)的功效和有益性質(zhì)得出結(jié)論之前，有必要密切關(guān)注這些技術(shù)的發(fā)展。名詞technology為可數(shù)名詞，前無冠詞，所以用復(fù)數(shù)形式。故填te