38遼寧省大連市2023-2024學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期期末雙基測(cè)試英語(yǔ)試卷

2024年大連市高三雙基測(cè)試卷英語(yǔ)注意事項(xiàng)：1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的名字、準(zhǔn)考證號(hào)填寫在答題卡上。2.作答時(shí)，務(wù)必將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在本試卷及草稿紙上無(wú)效。第一部分聽(tīng)力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來(lái)回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案是C。1.Whatisthemangoingtodo?A.Haveapicnic.B.Gofishing.C.Takeadrive.2.Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A.Theweather.B.Indooractivities.C.Thewoman’sillness:3.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atabusstation.B.Atatrainstation.C.Atanairport.4.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?A.SurftheInternet.B.Conductaninterview.C.Postajobadonline.5.Whydoesthemantalktothewoman?A.Tobookaroom.B.Toconfirmhisflight.C.Torescheduleameeting.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽(tīng)下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽(tīng)每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽(tīng)完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽(tīng)第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Whenwillthehallwaysbecleaned?A.Thisafternoon.B.OnWednesday.C.Somedaysoon.7.Whatwillthewomandonextweek?A.Hostadinner.B.Designanagenda.C.Holdaconference.聽(tīng)第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidthespeakersjustdo?A.Theywatchedashow.B.Theyperformedinamusical.C.Theypracticeddancingtogether.9.Whatwasprobablythewoman?A.Anactress.B.Adancer.C.Amusician.聽(tīng)第8段材料,回答第10至13題。10.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemanfor?A.Thereceipt.B.Thejacket.C.Thecreditcard.11.Whatdoweknowaboutthejacket?A.Itwasboughtatadiscount.B.Itwasunsuitablefortheman.C.Itwaslargefortheman’sson.12.Whatisthedurationofthecreditnote?A.Onemonth.B.Sixmonths.C.Oneyear.13.Whatwillthemandonextweek?A.Gethismoneyback.B.Takeacreditnote.C.Visitthestoreagain.聽(tīng)第9段材料,回答第14至17題。14.WhatdidPauldoafterheleftschool?A.Heopenedashop.B.Hedidseveraldifferentjobs.C.Hegotajobasachefinarestaurant.15.WhatwasPaul’sfirstrestaurantjoblike?A.Boringbutwell-paid.B.Difficultbutbeneficial.C.Enjoyablebutdemanding.16.WhatdoesPaul’scurrentjobinvolve?A.Assistingchefs.B.Cookingeveryday.C.Managingthewholekitchen.17.WhatisthekeytosuccessinPaul’sview?A.Stickingtoolddishes.B.Usingqualityfoodmaterial.C.Creatinglessstressfulenvironment.聽(tīng)第10段材料,回答第18至20題。18.Whatisthespeaker’sjobrelatedto?A.Medicine.B.Artificialintelligence.C.Wildanimals.19.WhatistheprogramMediScanusedfor?A.Analyzingdata.B.Detectingdiseases.C.Producingreports.20.Whatisthespeaker’sattitudetowardsAIingeneral?A.Positive.B.Worried.C.Disapproving.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié):(共15小題,每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AVisitNationalMuseumofChinaTheNMCinBeijingisaworld-classmuseumthatdisplaysfivethousandyearsofsplendidChinesecivilization.GettingHereNo.16EastChang’anStreet,DongchengDistrict,Beijing100006BusRoute:YoucantaketheNo.1,No.2,No.52,No.82,No.120buses,orSightseeingLine2,TouristBusLine1andLine2andgetoffatTian’anmenEastStation.Metro:YoucantakeMetroLine1,getoffatTian’anmenEastStation,andexitthestationthroughExitCorD.AdmissionTheNMCopenstothepublicfromTuesdaytoSundayandclosesonMonday(exceptforpublicholidays).Itsopeninghoursarefrom9:00to17:30(lastadmissionat16:30).Accordingtotheregulationsonconductingregularepidemicprevention,allvisitorsmustmakeonlineappointments(withdifferenttimeintervalavailable).Pleasemakeyourappointments1-7daysinadvanceandplanyourvisitproperly.WewelcomevisitorstomakeonlineappointmentsthroughourofficialwebsiteorofficialWeChatplatform.OfficialWebsite:/yuyue/indexOfficialWeChatPlatform:PleasescantheQRcodebelowscrolldownandclick“Visits”,andaccessthe“Reservation”page.Inquiries9:00-16:30)NoticetoVisitorsValidIDdocumentsarerequiredtoenterthemuseumduringtheopeninghours.Visitorsmustgothroughsecuritycheck.Restricteditemsoranimalssuchasdogsandcatsareprohibited.Applicationsmustbefiledfororganizingactivitiesinthemuseumsuchaslectures,surveysandvideorecordings,andtheactivitiescanbeorganizedonlyuponapproval.Formoreinformation,clickhere.1.Whereisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Anewspaper. B.Atextbook.C.Anofficialwebsite. D.Anacademicarticle.2.Howmanywaystomakeareservation?A.Two. B.Three. C.Four. D.Five.3.Whatareyouforbiddentodoatthemuseum?A.Passthesecuritycheck. B.Organizeanykindofactivity.C.Enterthemuseumatnoon. D.Explorethemuseumwithpets.【答案】1.C2.A3.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要是到中國(guó)國(guó)家博物館參觀的旅游指南?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Formoreinformation,clickhere.(更多信息，請(qǐng)點(diǎn)擊這里。)”可推知，文章可能出自一個(gè)官方網(wǎng)站。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章Admission部分中“WewelcomevisitorstomakeonlineappointmentsthroughourofficialwebsiteorofficialWeChatplatform.(我們歡迎參觀者通過(guò)我們的官方網(wǎng)站或官方微信平臺(tái)進(jìn)行在線預(yù)約。)”可知，有兩種預(yù)約方法。故選A。【3題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Restricteditemsoranimalssuchasdogsandcatsareprohibited.(禁止攜帶限制物品或動(dòng)物，如狗和貓。)”可知，和寵物一起探索博物館是禁止在博物館內(nèi)做的事情。故選D。BHighschoolseniorsmissedoutonsomuchin2023—noproms,notraditionalgraduationceremonies.Butthathasnotstoppedsomeofthemtryingtosolvetheworld’sbiggestchallenges.AndLillianKayPetersenfromLosAlamos,NewMexico,isamongthem.Peterseninventedasimpletoolforpredictingharvestsearlyinthegrowingseason,whichcouldfacilitatefoodallocation(分配)planningandofferusefulresourcestothoseworkingtotackleglobalfoodinsecurity.Shefirsttestedhertool,whichanalyzeddailysatelliteimageryusingacceptedmeasuresofvegetationhealth,onknowndomesticcropdata.ShethencarriedoutexperimentsforcountriesinAfricaandsuccessfullypredictedharvestswithhighaccuracyagainstreportedproduction.Petersenwonfirstplaceandthe$250,000topawardintheRegeneronScienceTalentSearch2023,oneoftheoldestandmostreputablescienceandmathcompetitionsforhighschoolseniorsintheUS.In2014,Petersen’sfamilyadoptedherthreeyoungerbrothersandsisters,allofwhomsufferedfrommalnutritionduetofoodinsecurityintheirchildhood.Theirstrugglesagainstthelifelongeffectsleftadeepimpressiononher.AfterreadingaboutadisastrousdroughtinEthiopiabetween2018and2019,sheputhercomputerscienceknowledgetouse.“Iwantedtofindawaytohelpaidorganizationsmonitorcropconditionasdroughtsevolve,tohelpthemrespondtofoodcriseswithabettertime,andtohelpchildrensothattheydon’tfacemalnutritionandlifelongconsequences,”shesaid.Whileinhighschool,shebeganmonitoringdroughtsinAfricausingsatelliteimagery.Later,shepublishedherfirstpaperonthesubjectinapeer-reviewedjournal.ShehasalsometwiththeInternationalFoodPolicyResearchInstitutetodiscusstheglobalpandemicanditseffectsoncropproductioninAfrica.4.WhatbenefitcouldPetersen’sinventionbring?A.Itcouldensurefoodsecurity. B.Itcouldboostcropproduction.C.Itcouldcollectcropdataaccurately. D.Itcouldmakefooddistributionplanningeasier.5.WhatisParagraph4mainlyabout?A.WhatinspiredPetersentoinventthetool.B.WhyfoodcrisesinAfricaweresoserious.C.WhenPetersenbegantomonitorcropcondition.D.WhyPetersen’sbrothersandsisterswereadopted.6.WhichwordscanbestdescribePetersen?A.Innovativeandfar-sighted. B.Generousandcommitted.C.Competentandrisk-taking. D.Intelligentandcompetitive.7.Whydoestheauthorwritethistext?A.Todrawpublicattentiontofoodinsecurity.B.ToemphasizechallengesAfricansencounter.C.Toappealtoyoungpeopletohandleglobalissues.D.Tosharethebenefitsofconductingscientificresearch.【答案】4.D5.A6.A7.C【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了創(chuàng)新青年P(guān)etersen發(fā)明了可預(yù)測(cè)糧食收成的工具，使糧食分配計(jì)劃更容易，借此作者呼吁更多年輕人參與到全球性問(wèn)題中來(lái)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Peterseninventedasimpletoolforpredictingharvestsearlyinthegrowingseason,whichcouldfacilitatefoodallocationplanningandofferusefulresourcestothoseworkingtotackleglobalfoodinsecurity.”（Petersen發(fā)明了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的工具，可以在生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)早期預(yù)測(cè)收成，這可以促進(jìn)糧食分配計(jì)劃，并為那些致力于解決全球糧食不安全問(wèn)題的人提供有用的資源。）可知，她的發(fā)明可以使糧食分配計(jì)劃更容易。故選D項(xiàng)。【5題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第四段“In2014,Petersen’sfamilyadoptedherthreeyoungerbrothersandsisters,allofwhomsufferedfrommalnutritionduetofoodinsecurityintheirchildhood.Theirstrugglesagainstthelifelongeffectsleftadeepimpressiononher.AfterreadingaboutadisastrousdroughtinEthiopiabetween2018and2019,sheputhercomputerscienceknowledgetouse.“Iwantedtofindawaytohelpaidorganizationsmonitorcropconditionasdroughtsevolve,tohelpthemrespondtofoodcriseswithabettertime,andtohelpchildrensothattheydon’tfacemalnutritionandlifelongconsequences,”shesaid.”（2014年，彼得森的家人收養(yǎng)了她的三個(gè)弟弟和妹妹，他們都在童年時(shí)期因糧食不夠吃而營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良。這給他們的身體造成了終身的影響，他們畢生都在掙扎。這給她留下了深刻的印象。在閱讀了2018年至2019年埃塞俄比亞災(zāi)難性干旱的報(bào)道后，她將自己的計(jì)算機(jī)科學(xué)知識(shí)付諸實(shí)踐。她說(shuō):“我想找到一種方法，幫助援助組織監(jiān)測(cè)干旱演變時(shí)的作物狀況，幫助他們更好地應(yīng)對(duì)糧食危機(jī)，并幫助兒童，使他們不會(huì)面臨營(yíng)養(yǎng)不良和終身后果?！保┛芍径谓榻B了Petersen發(fā)明該工具的原因，一方面是由于弟妹童年挨餓的經(jīng)歷，另一方面是看到了國(guó)家干旱的報(bào)道。故選A項(xiàng)。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)根據(jù)第二段第一句“Peterseninventedasimpletoolforpredictingharvestsearlyinthegrowingseason,whichcouldfacilitatefoodallocationplanningandofferusefulresourcestothoseworkingtotackleglobalfoodinsecurity.”（Petersen發(fā)明了一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單的工具，可以在生長(zhǎng)季節(jié)早期預(yù)測(cè)收成，這可以促進(jìn)糧食分配計(jì)劃，并為那些致力于解決全球糧食不安全問(wèn)題的人提供有用的資源。）及最后一段“Whileinhighschool,shebeganmonitoringdroughtsinAfricausingsatelliteimagery.Later,shepublishedherfirstpaperonthesubjectinapeer-reviewedjournal.ShehasalsometwiththeInternationalFoodPolicyResearchInstitutetodiscusstheglobalpandemicanditseffectsoncropproductioninAfrica.”（高中時(shí)，她開(kāi)始使用衛(wèi)星圖像監(jiān)測(cè)非洲的干旱情況。后來(lái)，她在一本同行評(píng)議的雜志上發(fā)表了關(guān)于這個(gè)主題的第一篇論文。她還會(huì)見(jiàn)了國(guó)際糧食政策研究所的有關(guān)人員，討論了全球流行病及其對(duì)非洲作物生產(chǎn)的影響。）可知，Petersen能夠發(fā)明預(yù)測(cè)收成的工具，說(shuō)明她具有創(chuàng)新思維，她還監(jiān)測(cè)非洲的干旱情況，并參與討論全球流行病及其對(duì)非洲作物生產(chǎn)的影響說(shuō)明她具有遠(yuǎn)見(jiàn)。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Highschoolseniorsmissedoutonsomuchin2023—noproms,notraditionalgraduationceremonies.Butthathasnotstoppedsomeofthemtryingtosolvetheworld’sbiggestchallenges.AndLillianKayPetersenfromLosAlamos,NewMexico,isamongthem.”（高中畢業(yè)生在2023年錯(cuò)過(guò)了太多東西——沒(méi)有舞會(huì)，沒(méi)有傳統(tǒng)的畢業(yè)典禮。但這并沒(méi)有阻止他們中的一些人試圖解決世界上最大的挑戰(zhàn)。來(lái)自新墨西哥州洛斯阿拉莫斯的LillianKayPetersen就是其中之一。）并結(jié)合下文Petersen的故事可知，主要介紹了創(chuàng)新青年P(guān)etersen發(fā)明了可預(yù)測(cè)糧食收成的工具，使糧食分配計(jì)劃更容易，借此作者呼吁更多年輕人參與到全球性問(wèn)題中來(lái)。故選C項(xiàng)。CTheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)hasreleasedthefirstglobalblueprinttosavetheworld’sforests.TheWWFisaglobalconservationcharity.ItsForestPathwaysReportdetailsthestateoftheworld’sforestsandwhatgovernmentscandotobetterprotectthem.ThereportfocusesonthecommitmentsthatweremadeatCOP26——aconferenceontheclimateemergencyheldintheUKin2021.AtCOP26,morethan140countries,coveringaround90%oftheworld’sforest,promisedtoenddeforestationby2030.However,theWWFsaysthatthistargetisindangerofbeingmissed.In2022,66,000squarekilometresofforestaroundtheworldwaslost.Abouttwo-thirdsofthiswasfromtropicalforests.Thisishavinganeffectonwildlife,withtheWWF’sblueprintnotingadeclineinthepopulationsofspeciesthatdependonforests,suchasgorillas,hornbills,orangutansandblack-headedsquirrelmonkeys.However,thereportalsohighlightssomeconservationsuccessstories.Forinstance,theKhataConservationAreainNepalhasgrownbyasizeamountto3,000footballpitches,providingahomefortigersandotherspecies.Meanwhile,intheUK,theWildIngleboroughproject,apartnershipbetweentheWWFandtheYorkshireWildlifeTrust,isrestoring15squarekilometresoflandintheYorkshireDalesbacktoitsnaturalwildstate,completewithwoodlands.MaryGagen,authoroftheForestPathwaysReport,says,“Therearepocketsofsuccesswherecountriesareapproachingdeforestation,andweknowwhatneedstobedonetogrowthose.”Thereportincludesalistofrecommendationsforworldgovernments,providingablueprinttosaveforests.Thisincludestougheninguprulesagainstdeforestationaswellasrecognizingtherightsofindigenous(當(dāng)?shù)氐?peopleswholiveintheforests.Theyarethedescendants(后代)ofthosewholivedsomewherebeforeanotherculturearrivedandtookover.TherearealsosomespecificsuggestionsfortheUKGovernment,suchasbringinginenvironmentalstandardsforfoodthatisboughtandsoldintheUK,sothatnoneofitcontributestodeforestation.8.WhatdoweknowaboutWWF?A.Itmayfailtomeetitsgoal. B.Itfocusesonprotectingourearth.C.Itoffersproposalstogovernments. D.ItapprovesofCOP26’scommitments.9.Howdoestheauthormainlydevelopthethirdparagraph?A.Bylistingsomestatistics. B.Byclarifyingaconcept.C.Bycitingsomeexamples. D.Bypointingoutsimilarities.10.Whatcanyoulearnfromthetext?A.Theblueprintlaysdownfoodcriteriaforcountries.B.ConcretetipswillhelptheUKgovernmentsaveforests.C.Theblueprintdoesn’tacknowledgetherightsofnatives.D.Thenativepeoplearesucceedinggenerationsofanotherculture.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.TheKeynoteofForestPathwaysReport. B.AConferenceontheClimateEmergency.C.TheWorldwideEffortforDeforestation. D.SuccessfulStoriesofTacklingDeforestation.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹的是世界自然基金會(huì)(WWF)的第一份拯救世界森林的全球藍(lán)圖?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)首段中的“TheWWFisaglobalconservationcharity.ItsForestPathwaysReportdetailsthestateoftheworld’sforestsandwhatgovernmentscandotobetterprotectthem.(世界自然基金會(huì)是一個(gè)全球性的環(huán)保慈善組織。該組織的《森林路徑報(bào)告》詳細(xì)介紹了世界森林的狀況，以及各國(guó)政府可以采取哪些措施來(lái)更好地保護(hù)森林。)”可知，WWF是一個(gè)全球性的環(huán)保慈善組織，它在報(bào)告中詳細(xì)介紹世界的森林情況，并對(duì)各國(guó)可以采取哪些措施來(lái)保護(hù)森林，由此可知，WWF旨在保護(hù)全球的森林。故選B項(xiàng)。【9題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“However,thereportalsohighlightssomeconservationsuccessstories.(然而，該報(bào)告也強(qiáng)調(diào)了一些成功的保護(hù)案例。)”可知，該報(bào)告強(qiáng)調(diào)了一些成功的保護(hù)案例，結(jié)合下文中的“Forinstance,theKhataConservationAreainNepalhasgrownbyasizeamountto3,000footballpitches,providingahomefortigersandotherspecies….(例如，尼泊爾的卡塔保護(hù)區(qū)的面積已經(jīng)擴(kuò)大到3000個(gè)足球場(chǎng)，為老虎和其他物種提供了家園……。)”等列舉的尼泊爾等國(guó)家和地區(qū)具體成功的保護(hù)案例可知，作者是通過(guò)舉例的方式展開(kāi)的第三段內(nèi)容。故選C項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)尾段中的“Thereportincludesalistofrecommendationsforworldgovernments,providingablueprinttosaveforests.(該報(bào)告為世界各國(guó)政府提供了一系列建議，為拯救森林提供了藍(lán)圖。)”可知，該報(bào)告為各國(guó)政府提供了一系列的建議來(lái)拯救森林，結(jié)合下文中的“TherearealsosomespecificsuggestionsfortheUKGovernment,suchasbringinginenvironmentalstandardsforfoodthatisboughtandsoldintheUK,sothatnoneofitcontributestodeforestation.(對(duì)英國(guó)政府也有一些具體的建議，比如對(duì)在英國(guó)買賣的食品引入環(huán)境標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，這樣就不會(huì)導(dǎo)致森林砍伐。)”可知，對(duì)英國(guó)政府也有一些具體的建議，這些具體的建議不會(huì)導(dǎo)致森林砍伐，由此可知，具體的建議將幫助英國(guó)政府拯救森林。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段中的“TheWorldWideFundforNature(WWF)hasreleasedthefirstglobalblueprinttosavetheworld’sforests.(世界自然基金會(huì)(WWF)發(fā)布了第一份拯救世界森林的全球藍(lán)圖。)”可知，WWF發(fā)布了第一份拯救世界森林的全球藍(lán)圖，結(jié)合下文中介紹的該藍(lán)圖的內(nèi)容及其作用可知，本文主要介紹的是WWF發(fā)布的《森林路徑報(bào)告》，所以題目“《森林路徑報(bào)告》的主旨”概括了本文的主旨，適合作為最佳標(biāo)題。故選A項(xiàng)。DStorieshavelongbeenemployedtoinstill(灌輸)moralandculturalvaluesinyoungchildren,butthereislittleresearchexploringtheeffectivenessofsuchstories.“Asparents,wewanttoknowhoweffectivethestoriesactuallyareinpromotinghonesty.”sayleadauthorKangLeeoftheDr.EricJackmanInstituteofChildStudyattheUniversityofTorontoandco-authorVictoriaTalwarofMcGillUniversity.“Isit‘inoneear,outtheother,’ordochildrenlistenandtakethemessagestoheart?”Tofindout,LeeandTalwarconductedanexperimentwith268childrenaged3to7.Eachchildplayedagamethatrequiredguessingtheidentityofatoybasedonthesounditmade.Inthemiddleofthegame,theexperimenterlefttheroomforaminute,instructingthechildnottoglanceatatoyleftonthetable.Formostchildren,thistemptation(誘惑)wastoohardtoresist.Whentheexperimenterreturned,shereadthechildastory,eitherTheTortoiseandtheHare,TheBoyWhoCriedWolf,Pinocchio,orGeorgeWashingtonandtheCherryTree.Afterward,theexperimenteraskedthechildtotellthetruthaboutwhetherheorsheglancedatthetoy.Contrarytotheexperimenters’expectations,PinocchioandTheBoyWhoCriedWolf,whichassociatelyingwithnegativeconsequences,werenomoreeffectiveatpromotinghonestbehaviorthanafableunrelatedtohonesty,inthiscaseTheTortoiseandtheHare.Onlythemade-uptaleaboutyoungGeorgeWashingtonseemedtoinspirethekidstoadmitglancing:Childrenwhoheardthetaleinwhichthefuturefirstpresidentwascomplimentedbecauseofadmittinghismistakeandrewardedacandywerethreetimesmorelikelytotellthetruththantheirfellowswhoheardotherstories.“Ourstudyshowsthattopromotemoralbehaviorsuchashonesty,emphasizingthepositiveoutcomesofhonestyratherthanthenegativeconsequencesofdishonestyisthekey,”notethey.“Thismayapplytoothermoralbehaviorsaswell.”Theyalsowarnthatmoreresearchisnecessarytodeterminewhethermoralstoriesinfluencekids’behaviorinthelongterm.Still,theyhavebeenquicktotakeadvantageofthefindings.Talwarreportsashiftinherownparentingpractices:“Itreallyseemstowork.Iusethisnowwithmychild.”12.Whatistheaimoftheexperimentmentionedinthetext?A.Tofindoutwhichstoryisinstructiveatschool.B.Tomakesureifthechildrencanresistthetemptation.C.Toseetheeffectivenessofstoriesinpromotinghonesty.D.Toensuretheprecisioninguessingtheidentityofthetoy.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“complimented”meaninParagraph4?A.Criticized. B.Praised. C.Ignored. D.Respected.14.WhatdoesTalwarmeaninthelastparagraph?A.Shewillapplythefindingtoherchild.B.Herchildshowsastronginterestinthestory.C.Herparentshavechangedtheirwayofeducation.D.Sheperceivesthepositiveinfluenceonherchild.15.Whichwordcandescribetheauthor’sattitudeinthetext?A.Unclear. B.Contradictory. C.Sympathetic. D.Objective.【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.D【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章就道德故事是否會(huì)長(zhǎng)期影響孩子行為展開(kāi)了討論。【12題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段“Storieshavelongbeenemployedtoinstill(灌輸)moralandculturalvaluesinyoungchildren,butthereislittleresearchexploringtheeffectivenessofsuchstories.(長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)，故事一直被用來(lái)向幼兒灌輸?shù)赖潞臀幕瘍r(jià)值觀，但很少有研究探討這些故事的有效性。)”和文章第二段“Asparents,wewanttoknowhoweffectivethestoriesactuallyareinpromotinghonesty.(作為父母，我們想知道這些故事在促進(jìn)誠(chéng)實(shí)方面到底有多大效果。)”可推知，文中提到的實(shí)驗(yàn)的目的是為了看看故事在促進(jìn)誠(chéng)實(shí)方面的有效性。故選C?！?3題詳解】詞句猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)下文“becauseofadmittinghismistakeandrewardedacandywerethreetimesmorelikelytotellthetruththantheirfellowswhoheardotherstories.(因?yàn)槌姓J(rèn)了自己的錯(cuò)誤并獎(jiǎng)勵(lì)了一顆糖果，他們說(shuō)真話的可能性是聽(tīng)到其他故事的同伴的三倍。)”可知，未來(lái)的第一總統(tǒng)因承認(rèn)錯(cuò)誤而受到稱贊，由此可知，complimented意為“稱贊”，和B項(xiàng)：Praised意思接近。故選B?！?4題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Ourstudyshowsthattopromotemoralbehaviorsuchashonesty,emphasizingthepositiveoutcomesofhonestyratherthanthenegativeconsequencesofdishonestyisthekey,”notethey.(他們指出：“我們的研究表明，要促進(jìn)誠(chéng)實(shí)等道德行為，強(qiáng)調(diào)誠(chéng)實(shí)的積極結(jié)果而不是不誠(chéng)實(shí)的消極后果是關(guān)鍵。”)”和最后一段“Talwarreportsashiftinherownparentingpractices:“Itreallyseemstowork.Iusethisnowwithmychild.”(塔爾瓦爾報(bào)告了她自己的育兒方式的轉(zhuǎn)變：“這似乎真的有效。我現(xiàn)在和我的孩子一起用這個(gè)。”)”可知，她意識(shí)到道德故事對(duì)孩子的積極影響。故選D?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段““Ourstudyshowsthattopromotemoralbehaviorsuchashonesty,emphasizingthepositiveoutcomesofhonestyratherthanthenegativeconsequencesofdishonestyisthekey,”notethey.“Thismayapplytoothermoralbehaviorsaswell.”(他們指出:“我們的研究表明，要促進(jìn)誠(chéng)實(shí)等道德行為，強(qiáng)調(diào)誠(chéng)實(shí)的積極結(jié)果而不是不誠(chéng)實(shí)的消極后果是關(guān)鍵?！薄斑@可能也適用于其他道德行為?！?”和文章最后一段“Theyalsowarnthatmoreresearchisnecessarytodeterminewhethermoralstoriesinfluencekids’behaviorinthelongterm.Still,theyhavebeenquicktotakeadvantageofthefindings.Talwarreportsashiftinherownparentingpractices:“Itreallyseemstowork.Iusethisnowwithmychild.”(他們還警告說(shuō)，需要更多的研究來(lái)確定道德故事是否會(huì)長(zhǎng)期影響孩子的行為。盡管如此，他們還是迅速利用了這些發(fā)現(xiàn)。塔爾瓦爾報(bào)告了她自己的育兒方式的轉(zhuǎn)變：“這似乎真的有效。我現(xiàn)在和我的孩子一起用這個(gè)?！?”可知，作者一方面指出了實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果，另一方面又提出實(shí)驗(yàn)結(jié)果的局限性，由此可知，作者的態(tài)度是客觀的。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩處為多余選項(xiàng)。Foroutdoorenthusiasts,itiscrucialtobepreparedforanysortofnaturaldisasterintheopenair.___16___.Itincludeswhatkindsofdisastersmaystrike,andwhatresourcesshouldbetakenonyourtrip.___17___Desertareasaremorelikelytobeaffectedbydroughts;coastalregionsaremorelikelytoseehurricanes;mountainousareasarelikelytoavalanches(雪崩)inwinterandlandslidesinsummer.Therefore,alwaysdosomeresearchaheadoftimetohelpyoufindrightsurvivalstrategiesindifferentconditions.Whileyou’replanning,theessentialthingtoconsideristhethingsyoushouldpackforyourtrip.Anydisasterthatmayseparateyoufromcivilizationforaperiodoftimewillrequireyoutoprovideyourownfood,water,andshelterforatleastafewdays.___18___Fordisastersthatmaywetyourequipment,flamelesslightsourcesareamust.Whatyoubringwithyoushouldbesuitedtothedisasteryoumightencounter.Onceyoucompleteyoursurvivalplan,it’sbettertoreviewitperiodically.Whenanaturaldisasterstrikes,youprobablywon’thavetimetogooveradocumentorgoonlinetoseekadvice.___19___Ifanaturaldisasterstrikeswhileyouareinthewilderness,youshouldputyoursurvivalplanintoeffectimmediately.___20___Thencontactothersforhelp.Donotwaitaroundtoseeifthedisasterisreallythatserious,donotpanic,anddonoteasilyabandonyourplan.A.Butthisisnotalwaysthecase.B.It’salsoagoodideatobringlightsources.C.Thatmeanshavingadisasterresponseplan.D.It’salsogreattoconsultwiththespecialistsinperson.E.Consequently,revisingitfrequentlyisstronglyrecommended.F.Differentkindsofdisastersarelikelytooccurindifferentareas.G.Staycalm,actdecisively,andbeginworkingtokeepyourselfalive.【答案】16.C17.F18.B19.E20.G【解析】【導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。文章就在自然災(zāi)害到來(lái)之前制定生存計(jì)劃提出一些建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Foroutdoorenthusiasts,itiscrucialtobepreparedforanysortofnaturaldisasterintheopenair.(對(duì)于戶外運(yùn)動(dòng)愛(ài)好者來(lái)說(shuō)，在戶外為任何自然災(zāi)害做好準(zhǔn)備是至關(guān)重要的)”和下文“Itincludeswhatkindsofdisastersmaystrike,andwhatresourcesshouldbetakenonyourtrip.(它包括什么類型的災(zāi)難可能會(huì)發(fā)生，以及在你的旅行中應(yīng)該帶什么資源)”可知，空處承上啟下，針對(duì)上文提到的做好準(zhǔn)備，應(yīng)該有一個(gè)災(zāi)難應(yīng)對(duì)計(jì)劃，下文中則是計(jì)劃的具體內(nèi)容。C項(xiàng)中的“adisasterresponseplan”和下文中的“it”對(duì)應(yīng)。C項(xiàng)：Thatmeanshavingadisasterresponseplan.(這意味著要有一個(gè)災(zāi)難應(yīng)對(duì)計(jì)劃)符合語(yǔ)境。故選C?！?7題詳解】空處為段落主題句。根據(jù)下文“Desertareasaremorelikelytobeaffectedbydroughts;coastalregionsaremorelikelytoseehurricanes;mountainousareasarelikelytoavalanches(雪崩)inwinterandlandslidesinsummer.(沙漠地區(qū)更容易受到干旱的影響；沿海地區(qū)更容易出現(xiàn)颶風(fēng)；山區(qū)冬季易發(fā)生雪崩，夏季易發(fā)生山體滑坡)”可知，本段主要講述了不同地區(qū)會(huì)發(fā)生不同的災(zāi)害。F項(xiàng)中的“differentareas”與下文的“Desertareas、coastalregions、mountainousareas”對(duì)應(yīng)。F項(xiàng)：Differentkindsofdisastersarelikelytooccurindifferentareas.(不同的地區(qū)可能發(fā)生不同種類的災(zāi)害)符合語(yǔ)境。故選F?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anydisasterthatmayseparateyoufromcivilizationforaperiodoftimewillrequireyoutoprovideyourownfood,water,andshelterforatleastafewdays.(任何可能將你與文明隔離一段時(shí)間的災(zāi)難將要求你提供你自己的食物，水，和至少幾天的避難所)”可知，空處承接上文，提出需要準(zhǔn)備的東西，結(jié)合下文“Fordisastersthatmaywetyourequipment,flamelesslightsourcesareamust.(對(duì)于可能濕潤(rùn)你裝備的災(zāi)害，無(wú)火光源是必不可少的)”可知，空處提到的東西是光源，B項(xiàng)中的“l(fā)ightsources”和下文中的“flamelesslightsources”對(duì)應(yīng)。B項(xiàng)：It’salsoagoodideatobringlightsources.(帶光源也是個(gè)好主意)符合語(yǔ)境。故選B?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Onceyoucompleteyoursurvivalplan,it’sbettertoreviewitperiodically.Whenanaturaldisasterstrikes,youprobablywon’thavetimetogooveradocumentorgoonlinetoseekadvice.(一旦你完成了生存計(jì)劃，最好定期回顧一下。當(dāng)自然災(zāi)害來(lái)襲時(shí)，你可能沒(méi)有時(shí)間瀏覽文件或上網(wǎng)尋求建議)”可知，空處和上文形成因果關(guān)系，因?yàn)橥瓿缮嬗?jì)劃以后可能沒(méi)有時(shí)間瀏覽文件或?qū)で蠼ㄗh，因此要經(jīng)常修改它。E項(xiàng)：Consequently,revisingitfrequentlyisstronglyrecommended.(因此，強(qiáng)烈建議經(jīng)常修改它)符合語(yǔ)境。故選E?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Ifanaturaldisasterstrikeswhileyouareinthewilderness,youshouldputyoursurvivalplanintoeffectimmediately.(當(dāng)你在野外時(shí)，如果自然災(zāi)害襲擊了你，你應(yīng)該立即實(shí)施你的生存計(jì)劃)”可知，空處承接上文，說(shuō)明要采取果斷行動(dòng)，G項(xiàng)中的“actdecisively”和上文中的“putyoursurvivalplanintoeffectimmediately”對(duì)應(yīng)。G項(xiàng)：Staycalm,actdecisively,andbeginworkingtokeepyourselfalive.(保持冷靜，果斷行動(dòng)，開(kāi)始努力讓自己活下去)符合語(yǔ)境。故選G。第三部分英語(yǔ)知識(shí)運(yùn)用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)完形填空(共15小題，每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。Oneday,agirlcameuponacocoon,andshecouldtellthatabutterflywastryingto____21____.Shewaitedandwatchedthebutterflystruggleforhoursto____22____itselffromthetinyhole.____23____,thebutterflystoppedmoving,itseemedtobe___24___.Thegirlthendecidedtohelpgetthebutterflyoutandwithapairofscissorscutopenthecocoon.Thebutterflywasthen___25___abletoescape.However,itsbodywasswollen(腫脹的)anditswingswere____26____.Thegirlstillthoughtshehaddonethebutterflyafavorasshesattherewaitingforitswingstogrowinorderto____27____itsbody.Thatwasn’thappening.Thebutterflywasunabletofly,andfortherestofitslife,itcouldonlymovebycrawlingaroundwithlittlewingsanda___28___body.Despitethegirl’sgoodintentions,shedidn’tunderstandthatthe___29___ofthebutterfly’scocoonandthestrugglethebutterflyhadto_____30_____inordertoescapeservedanimportantpurpose.Asbutterflies_____31_____fromtightcocoonsandstretchwingsout,itforcesliquidfromtheirbodyintotheirwingstopreparethemtobeabletofly.The_____32_____thatwefaceinlifehelpusgrowandgetstronger.Thereisoftenareasonbehindtherequirementofbeing____33____andpersistent.Whenbearingdifficulttimes,wewilldevelopthenecessary_____34_____thatwe’llneedinthefuture.Withouthavinganystruggles,wewon’tgrow,whichmeansit’sveryimportantto_____35_____personalchallengesourselvesratherthanrelyingonotherpeopletoalwayshelpus.21.A.hatch B.hang C.swing D.nest22.Atrap B.release C.wrap D.throw23.A.Evenso B.Soonerorlater C.Allofasudden D.Asusual24.A.scared B.sought C.kicked D.stuck25.A.easily B.hardly C.merely D.slightly26.A.overestimated B.underdeveloped C.overgrown D.underfed27.A.protect B.shade C.support D.survive28.A.tiny B.skinny C.strong D.large29.A.conservation B.restriction C.tension D.variation30.A.comeout B.pullup C.gothrough D.leaveoff31.A.run B.recover C.generate D.emerge32.A.struggles B.adventures C.details D.guidelines33.A.industrious B.tolerant C.superior D.straightforward34.A.carefulness B.strength C.optimism D.