Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringUsefulStructures課件-高中英語人教版2

人教版（2019）必修三Unit3DiverseCulturesDiscoveringUsefulStructuresUnderstandtheuseofellipsisinEnglishLearningobjectivesBytheendofthissection,youwillbeableto:1.findoutthewordsthathavebeenomittedtoavoidrepetitioninsentences;2.grasptheuseofellipsisinEnglish;3.applyellipsisincertaincontext.Lead-inLookandthink.(1)A:I’mhungry.B:Areyou?A:Yeah.Didn’thavelunchtoday.B:Wantsomesandwiches?A:Arethereany?B:Yeah.Justmadesome.(2)A:I’mhungry.B:Areyouhungry?A:Yeah.Ididn’thavelunchtoday.B:Doyouwantsomesandwiches?A:Arethereany?B:Yeah.I’vejustmadesome.Ellipsis(省略)Readthefollowingsentencesandfindthewordsthathavebeenomittedtoavoidrepetition.Presentation1.A:Oh,Ijustlovenachos!Mexicancornchipscoveredincheese!B:Me,too.2.A:Soit’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,allinonedish?B:Exactly.3.Arealmixofcultureshere!4.Can’twait!TheyareIlovenachosandtheyareit’sthefoodofmanydifferentcultures,andtheyareallinonedish.ThereisItogothereRewritethesentencesbytakingouttheunnecessaryparts.1.YoumeanyouareplanningatripacrosstheAtlanticforaholiday?Itsoundslikeagoodidea.2.Hetriedtosolvehisfinancialproblems,buthecouldn’tsolvetheproblems.3.Ifitisnecessary,I’llfinishmyreportonAmericanpoetryassoonasitispossible.4.Areyougoingtodresslikethat?Wearingadressmightbebetterthanwearingjeansandboots.5.Somewildmushroomsarepoisonousandsomearenotpoisonous.6.Ireallylikethatpaperfoldingbook,andmysonlikesthatpaperfoldingbook,too.Goodidea.butcouldn’t.Adressmightbebetterthanjeansandboots.Simplesentences:Compoundsentences(并列句):Complexsentences(復合句):1(Questions/Answers)2(but);5(and);6(and)3(ifnecessary);4(than)Ellipsisisoftenusedinpublicsigns,headlines,diaries,notes,orinformalletters.Rewritethesesentencesusingellipsis.1.Takingphotosisnotallowedhere.2.Youshouldnotwalkonthegrass.3.Therewillberoadworksahead.4.Theremaybechildrencrossingtheroadahead.5Thesoonerithappens,thebetteritwillbe.6.AmillionairewaspoisonedinhishomeinBeverlyHills.7.TheplanecrashinColoradolastweekclaimed15lives.8.Thereisanexhibitionoffinechinaatthemuseum.Nophotos.Stay/Keepoffthegrass.Roadworksahead.Childrencrossingahead.Thesooner,thebetter.Millionairepoisoned(inBeverlyHills).Planecrashclaim15lives.Exhibitionoffinechina.WorkbookEllipsis(省略)一、

概述：在英語中，為了使語言簡潔、緊湊、重點突出，常常省略句中的一個或多個成分，這種語法現(xiàn)象稱為省略。二、分類：1.詞法上的省略（1）介詞的省略一些與動詞、名詞或形容詞搭配的介詞常?？梢允÷?，而保留介詞后的V-ing。常見的結(jié)構(gòu)有：havedifficulty/trouble(in)doingsth.；bebusy(in)doingsth.；spendsometime(in)doingsth.；stop/preventsb.(from)doingsth.Theheavyrainpreventedhim(from)arrivingthereontime.

大雨使得他沒能按時到達那里。Hespentfourhours(in)reviewinghislessons.

他花了4個小時復習功課。（2）替代性省略在某些情況下，當我們省略掉某個詞、詞組或句子時，還需要用某個替代詞。①

省略的動詞或動詞加其他成分可以用do來代替。HespeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanyoudo.他說英語比你說得流利。②

在believe,expect,suppose,think和itappears/seems之后，表示同意前面說過的話時可以用so代替單詞（形容詞、副詞）、詞組或句子；表示對前面說過的話加以否定時，可以用not或not

...so?！狢anyoufinishyourworktoday? 你今天能完成工作嗎？—Ithinkso./Idon’tthinkso./Ithinknot. 我認為能。/我認為不能。注意：hope,guess,beafraid的否定形式只能用not的形式，不能用not

...so的形式。—Theboysarenotdoingagoodjobatall,arethey? 這些男孩們工作做得一點兒也不好，是嗎？—Iguessnot. 我猜是沒做好。③“So/Nor(Neither)+謂語/助動詞+主語”這一句型用來替代前面提到的情況，表明它也適用于后者。—Idon’tthinkIcanwalkanyfurther. 我認為我不能再行走了。—NeithercanI.Let’sstophereforarest. 我也不行了。我們在這兒停下來休息一下吧。④

thesame可代替名詞詞組、形容詞詞組、從句或比較結(jié)構(gòu)?！狪lostmybikelastmonth. 我上個月把自行車弄丟了。—Thesamehappenedtome. 我也丟了一輛自行車。④

跟在感官動詞（詞組）see,lookat,hear,listento,watch等和使役動詞make,let,have等后面作賓補的不定式（短語）要省略to，但在此類動詞（詞組）的被動語態(tài)中，to不可省略。Theymadetheboygotobedearly.=Theboywasmadeto

gotobedearly.

他們讓這個男孩兒早睡。⑤

作介詞but,except,besides的賓語，且前面又有實義動詞do的任何形式時，后面的不定式（短語）

常省略to。Allhecoulddowasnothingbutwait.他所能做的只有等待。⑥

某些形容詞pleased,glad,happy等后面常省略不定式（短語），但to要保留。—Willyoujointhegame? 你愿意參加這個游戲嗎？—I’dbegladto. 我愿意。⑦

why/whynot用于特殊疑問句，表示“干嗎要/不，為什么要/不”時，后跟省略to的動詞不定式（短語）。Whytalksomuchaboutit?

何必大談這件事呢？2.句法上的省略（1）簡單句中的省略①

感嘆句中常省略主語和謂語。Whatahotday(itis)!多熱的天?。、?/p>

在口語中，某些句子成分可以省略。(Areyou)Ready?準備好了嗎？(Isthere)Anythingelsetosay?還有別的要說嗎？（2）并列句中的省略①

省略共同的主語或賓語。Allthesestadiumsarestillfunctional,(allthesestadiumsare)stillopenand(allthesestadiumsare)stillhostingthebiggesteventsinworldsport.所有這些體育場館仍在使用，仍在開放，仍在舉辦世界體育盛事。②

若主語不同而助動詞或情態(tài)動詞相同，則省略后面的助動詞或情態(tài)動詞。JackmusthavebeenplayingfootballandMary(musthavebeen)doingherhomework.杰克肯定一直在踢足球，瑪麗肯定一直在做作業(yè)。③

若主語與謂語相同，則省略后面的主語和謂語。Hisadvicemademehappy,but(hisadvicemade)Jimangry.他的建議使我高興，卻使吉姆生氣。④

若主語不同，但謂語及后續(xù)部分相同，則省略主要動詞及后續(xù)部分。Iwasborninwinterin2003andBob(wasborninwinter)in2004.我出生于2003年的冬天，而鮑勃出生于2004年的冬天。（3）狀語從句中的省略①

在when,while,whenever,till,assoonas,if,unless,asif/asthough,as,whether等引導的狀語從句中，

若從句謂語是be動詞的某種形式，而從句主語又跟主句的主語相同或從句主語是it時，則從句中

的主語和be動詞常被省略。Lookoutforcarswhen(youare)crossingthestreet.橫穿街道的時候要當心車輛。Hisopinion,whether(itis)rightorwrong,wouldbeconsidered.他的意見，無論對錯，都會被考慮。②

在ifitispossible,whenitisnecessary等類似結(jié)構(gòu)中，itis?？墒÷?。Iwanttoavoidtherushhourtrafficif(itis)possible.

如果可能的話，我想避開交通高峰期。Readthesesentences.Inpairs,decidewhichwordscanbeleftout.Practice1.A:HowcanwemakeItalianvegetablesoup?B:Idon’tknowhowwecanmakeit.2.A:WhendidyougettoFlorence?B:IgottoFlorenceyesterday.3.A:AreyouastudentofEnglishliterature?B:No,thoughIwishIwereastudentofEnglishliterature.4.A:DidhegotoEgypt?B:Hesaidhewouldgo,buthedidn’tgo.5.A:Wouldyouliketotryonthispairofjeans?B:Yes,Iwouldliketotryonthatpairofjeans.B:Idon’tknow.B:Yesterday.B:No,thoughIwishIwere.B:Hesaidhewould,butdidn’t.B:Yes,Iwouldliketo.WorkbookMatchthequestionstothemostlikelyanswers.Noticehowellipsisisusedintheanswers.Questions1.Doyouthinkit’sgoingtorainthisafternoon?____2.Wewerequitesurprisedafterwesawthepaintingsinthegallery.____3.WillyoujoinourtriptoSouthAfrica?____4.WilltheflighttoRometakeoffontime?______5.Wouldyoumindusingadiagramtoexplainthesepercentagestome?____6.HasLilyeverbeentotheLouvreMuseum?____AnswersA.Whyso?B.Notatall.C.Ihopenot.D.I’mafraidnot.E.Maybenot.F.I’dloveto./I’dbegladto.CAFD/EBEWorkbookReadtheconversation.Findoutwhichwordshavebeenleftout.Production,that’scool!WhataresomeplacestovisitinGuizhou?definitelytheHuangguoshuWaterfallisthefirstplacetovisitinGuizhouProvince.Yes,IhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest.WhydoyouaskifIhaveheardoftheChinesenovelJourneytotheWest?InthebackoftheHuangguoshuWaterfall,...,theMonkeyKingfromJourneytotheWest.That’sreallytrue?It’scool!...diversethanyouthoughtitwas.Thisallsoundsgreat,thanks!ReadGeorge’sfirstdiaryentryandunderlinethepartswhereellipsisisused.Monday,12thJuneArrivedearlythismorningbybus.Wentstraighttohoteltodropoffmyluggage,

shower,andshave.Wentexploringafterwards.Tookarideonacablecarfirst.GotaspectacularviewofSanFranciscoBayandthecity.LearntthatAndrewHallidieinventedthecablecarsystemin1873inordertofindaformoftransportbetterthanhorse-drawntrams.He’dbeenshockedafterseeingaseriesofeventsinwhichatram’sbrakesfailed,theconductorcouldn’tcontrolthesituation,andthetramslippeddownthehilldraggingthehorseswithit.Horribleaccidentindeed!HadalatelunchatFisherman’sWharf,thedistrictwhereItalianfishermenfirstcametoSanFranciscoandsetupthefishingindustry.Nowit’satouristareawithlotsofshops,restaurants,andbakeries.DidsomuchexploringatFisherman’sWharf.Exhaustedanddon’tfeellikedoinganythingelse.Earlynighttonight!_______________________________________________________________WorkbookRevisehisseconddiaryentryusingellipseswhenpossible.Wednesday,14thJuneIhoppedonaferrytoAngelIslandthismorning.IhadagoodviewoftheGoldenGateBridgeontheway.Ireadthatfrom1882to1940,AngelIslandwasafamousimmigrationstationwheremanyChineseimmigrantsappliedtoliveintheUSA.Thecellsinthestationwereverysmall,cold,anddamp;somedidnotevenhavelight,buttheimmigrantshadnowhereelsetogo.Theirmiserablestayfeltlikepunishmentratherthanjusticeandfreedom.Theywrotepoemsonthewallsaboutloneliness,andmournedtheirearlierlifeinChina.Thecivilauthoritiesreformedthesystemin1940,andmanymoreChinesetooktheopportunitytosettleintheUSA.ThevisittoAngelIslandmademethinkaboutmylife.Iamthankfulformyeasylifetoday.WorkbookRevisehisseconddiaryentryusingellipseswhenpossible.Theywrotepoemsonthewallsaboutloneliness,andmournedtheirearlierlifeinChina.Civilauthoritiesreformedthe