2013年中考英語復習課件專題1名詞

Topic1Terminologyinthe2013MiddleSchoolEntr目錄CONTENTSClassificationofNounsThenumberofnounsThepossessivecaseofnounsThenatureofnounsUsageofNouns01ClassificationofNounsCHAPTER0102ProperterminologyExample:"John","NewYork","UNESCO","WorldCup"Propernounsarenamesofspecificpersons,places,organizations,events,etc.Theyareusuallycapitalized.Commonnounsaregeneraltermsusedtorefertoaclassorcategoryofthings.Theyarenotcapitalized.Example:"cat","dog","flower","car"CommonnounCountablenounCountablenounscanbeusedwithapluralformtoindicatemorethanoneinstanceofthething.Example:"onedog","twodogs","threecars"UncountablenounUncountablenounsaresubstancesorabstractconceptsthatcannotbecountedormeasured.Example:"milk","bread","happiness","knowledge"02ThenumberofnounsCHAPTERCountablenounsarenounsthatcanbecounted,suchas"book,""pen,"and"cat."Inthe2013MiddleSchoolEntranceExaminationEnglishReviewCourseware,thereareapproximately100countablenouns.Thesecountablenounsarecategorizedintodifferentgroups,includinganimals,objects,people,andmore,tohelpstudentsunderstandandrememberthembetter.ThenumberofcountablenounsUncountablenounsarenounsthatcannotbecounted,suchas"milk,""bread,"and"rice."Inthe2013MiddleSchoolEntranceExaminationEnglishReviewCourseware,thereareapproximately50uncountablenouns.Theseuncountablenounsarealsocategorizedintodifferentgroups,includingfood,drinks,andothermiscellaneousitems.Thecategorizationhelpsstudentsunderstandtheirusagebetterindifferentcontexts.ThenumberofuncountablenounsSomenounshavespecialpluralformsthatarenotformedbysimplyadding"-s"or"-es."Inthe2013MiddleSchoolEntranceExaminationEnglishReviewCourseware,thereareapproximately20specialpluralnouns.Thesespecialpluralnounsarepresentedwiththeirrespectivesingularformsandexamplestohelpstudentsunderstandtheirusagebetter.Thecoursewarealsoprovidesexercisestohelpstudentspracticetheirrecognitionandusageofthesespecialpluralnouns.Specialpluralnouns03ThepossessivecaseofnounsCHAPTER

ThepossessivecaseofsingularnounsThepossessivecaseofsingularnounsisformedbyadding'stotheendofthenoun.Forexample,"thedog'sbone"meansthatthebonebelongstothedog.Thepossessivecaseisusedtoshowownershiporpossession.Thepossessivecaseofpluralnounsisformedbyadding'stotheendofthepluralnoun.Forexample,"thechildren'stoys"meansthatthetoysbelongtothechildren.Thepossessivecaseisalsousedtoshowownershiporpossession.ThepossessivecaseofpluralnounsForexample,"someone'sphone"meansthatthephonebelongstosomeone.Thepossessivecaseisusedtoshowownershiporpossession,evenwhentheidentityoftheownerisunknown.Thepossessivecaseofindefinitepronounsisformedbyadding'stotheendoftheindefinitepronoun.Thepossessivecaseofindefinitepronouns04ThenatureofnounsCHAPTERmasculinenounreferstoanounthatisspecificallyusedtodescribemalepersonsorthings,anditsendingusuallyendswith"-us","-or","-er"or"-ar".masculinenounexamples:"actor","inventor","teacher","neighbor".masculinenounshe-noun"she-noun"isaspecialtypeofnounthatisusedtodescribefemalepersonsorthings,anditsendingusuallyendswith"-ess","-a","-al","-an"or"-ane".examples:"actress","hostess","princess","poetess".masculinenounneutralnounreferstoanounthatcanbeusedtodescribebothmaleandfemalepersonsorthings,anditsendingusuallyendswith"-e","-a","-o"or"-u".examples:"student","teacher","actor","actress".Neutralnoun05UsageofNounsCHAPTERVSWhenanounisusedasthesubjectofasentence,ittypicallyappearsatthebeginningofthesentenceandisfollowedbyaverb.ThisusageofnounsiscommoninEnglishgrammar.Example"Thecatsatonthemat."Inthissentence,"cat"isthesubjectand"sat"istheverb.SummaryAsthesubjectSummary"Whom"isapronounusedastheobjectofaverborpreposition.Itfollowsthesubjectandistypicallyusedinformalorliterarycontexts.Example"TheteacherwhomIadmireteachesEnglish."Inthissentence,"whom"referstotheteacherandfollowsthesubject"I."Whom"Adj"standsforadjective,atypeofwordthatdescribesormodifiesanounorpronoun.Adjectivescandescribephysicalcharacteristics,emotionalstates,orotherqualitiesofanoun.Summary"Thebigredballismine."Inthissentence,"big"and"red"areadjectivesthatmodifythenoun"ball."ExampleadjWhenanounisusedasanattribute,ittypicallyfollowsthesubjectandmodifiesordescribesi