Unit3BacktothePastWeletotheunitReading課件-高中英語(yǔ)牛津譯林版（2020）選擇性

Unit3Backtothepast

Welcome&readingFamoussaying(P29)Lookingintoamirror,wecanseetrueimagesofourown;withourknowledgeofthepast,thepresentcanbebetterknown.—ChenShou

明鏡所以照形，古事所以知今?！悏坳悏郏龂?guó)及西晉時(shí)期史學(xué)家。該句出自他的《三國(guó)志.吳書(shū).吳主五子傳》，表明研究歷史是為了洞察當(dāng)今的形勢(shì)。Peoplehavebeendreamingabouttimetravelformanyyears.Readtheexcerptonpage29anddiscussthefollowingquestionsinpairs.

TheTimeTravellerwasexplainingsomethingtous.“PeoplebelievetherearethreedimensionsofSpace—Length,BreadthandThickness;however,thereisafourthdimension—Time.”

“Weallknowtime,”saidamemberofourgroup.“Timepasses.”

“Idonotagree,”theTimeTravellersaid.“Length,BreadthandThicknessdonotpass.Wemoveaboutinthem.WemoveinTimethesamewaythatwemoveintheotherthreedimensions.”

NoneofusbelievedtheTimeTraveller.

“It’sagainstreason,”onesaid.

TheTimeTravellersmiled.“Itisclear,”hesaid,“

thatthereisonlyonewaytoconvinceyou.Wemustconductanexperiment.”ThenhecarriedamodeloftheTimeMachine.(AdaptedfromTheTimeMachine,byH.G.Wells)Discussion1.WhatdoestheTimeTravellerthinkofthefourthdimension?

2.Ifyouhadatimemachine,whichdynastywouldyougobackto?Why?

3.Whichhistoricalfigure

wouldyouliketomeet?Whatwouldyousaytohim/her?

Explorershaveplayedanimportantroleinworldhistory.TheirdiscoverieshaveimprovedourknowledgeoftheEarthandhavealsochangedthewayweunderstandourplaceintheworld.Thehistoricalarticles(P30-31)areaboutthevoyagesoftwofamousexplorers.Beforeyoureadthearticles,thinkaboutthefollowingquestions:

?Whatdangersdidexplorersfaceinthepast

?Whatarethepossiblerequirementsforbecominganexplorer

ReadingSailingtheoceansSailingtheoceansPart1Para___Part2Para___Part3Para___Findoutthestructuresofthetwoarticles(P30-31)ZhengHe123-4TheintroductionofZhengHe’sfirstvoyageTheintroductionofZhengHe’ssevenvoyagesThehugeinfluencesofZhengHeandhisvoyagesontheworldPara1Para2Para3ChristopherColumbusTheintroductionofChristopherColumbusTheintroductionofChristopherColumbus’discoveryThehugeinfluencesofChristopherColumbus’discoveryontheworldFindoutthestructuresofthetwoarticles(P30-31)Readthearticlesagainandcompletethetable(P32)Inthesummerof1405TaicangOver200ships28,000Morethan30countriesandregionsSevenPara3-4On3August1492SpainThreeships90TheshoresoftheCaribbeanFourPara3Whatdoestheauthorchoosethefirstvoyageasthebeginningofthisarticle(Para1)Inthesummerof1405,ZhengHe,oneofChina’sgreatestexplorers,setsailfromTaicangonhisfirstvoyage.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas,withalmost28,000peopleonboard,whichwasasplendidscene.Itwouldtake500yearsbeforealargerfleetsailedtheseas.Accordingtosomerecords,thelargestshipswereover140metresinlength,demonstratingtheadvancedtechnologyandspecialskillsusedinconstructingships.ThefirstvoyagemarkedthebeginningofagreatperiodinthehistoryofexplorationinChinaandthewholeworld.Whydoestheauthorusethefollowingfigures(Para1)Inthesummerof1405,ZhengHe,oneofChina’sgreatestexplorers,setsailfromTaicangonhisfirstvoyage.Afleetofover200shipsnavigatedtheblueseas,withalmost28,000peopleonboard,whichwasasplendidscene.Itwouldtake500yearsbeforealargerfleetsailedtheseas.Accordingtosomerecords,thelargestshipswereover140

metresinlength,demonstratingtheadvancedtechnologyandspecialskillsusedinconstructingships.TodisplaythegreatnessofZhengHe’svoyageanddemonstratetheprosperityofMingDynastyatthattime,byusingthesepersuasiveandvalidfigures.WhywereZhengHe'sshipsloadedwithchina,silk,teaandothertreasures(Para2)

Between1405and1433,onbehalfoftheMingDynasty,ZhengHemadeatotalofsevenvoyages.Hisshipswereloadedwithchina,silk,teaandothertreasuresasgiftsforforeignrulers,andthefleetpaidfriendlyvisitstomorethan30countriesandregions.HeevensailedasfarastheeastcoastofAfrica.Astheysailed,thenavigatorstookcompassreadings,keptlogsoftheirvoyagesandchartedthecoast.LaterthedetailedmapsbecameZhengHe’sNavigationMap.Becausethesearegiftsforforeignrulers.WhatcontributionsdidZhengHemaketoChinaanditsneighbors(Para3)ZhengHe’ssevenvoyageshadafar-reachingimpactonChinaanditsneighbours.InthecountriesandregionswhereZhengHesetfoot,legendshavebeenpassedonaboutthisgreatexplorer.ZhengHe’seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthenharmoniousrelationswiththesecountriesandregions,exposingforeignpeopletoChineseculture,andallowingtheChinesetobetterunderstandoverseaslands.ZhengHe’seffortshelpeddevelopandstrengthenharmoniousrelationswiththesecountriesandregions,exposingforeignpeopletoChineseculture,andallowingtheChinesetobetterunderstandoverseaslands.WhathelpedprovethattherecordsofZhengHe’svoyageswerenotlegends(Para4)Formanyyears,somehistoriansdismissedtherecordsofthesevoyagesaslegends.Thefinalproofcamewhen

anenormousshipyardwasdiscoveredinNanjing,wherethefleethadbeenbuilt.ZhengHe’saccomplishmentsarenowwidelyacknowledged,andheisrememberedasoneofChina’smostinfluentialexplorers.AnenormousshipyardwasdiscoveredinNanjing,wherethefleethadbeenbuilt.WhatmotivatedColumbustobeginhiscareer(Para1)Thosewhomakegreatdiscoveriesmustoftenovercomemanychallengesalongtheway—aswasthecasewiththeexplorerChristopherColumbus.ColumbuswasborninaportcityofItalyin1451.Asateenager,helovedsailing,andheshowedgreatinterestingeography,whichinspiredhimtobeginhiscareerasaseaman.ColumbuswasborninaportcityofItalyin1451.Asateenager,helovedsailing,andheshowedgreatinterestingeography,whichinspiredhimtobeginhiscareerasaseaman.Whatmadehimstarttheexplorationatthattime(Para2)Columbusinsistedon

searchingforadirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Aftercontinuousattempts,hereceivedfinancialsupportfromtheKingandQueenofSpain.On3August1492,hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.Thejourneywasfullofchallenges:ittooklongerthan

expected,theyfacedashortageoffood,andoneoftheshipswasleakingbadly,which

puteveryoneonthisshipingravedanger.The

menonboardwereinpanic.Regardlessofallthechallenges,

Columbusmanagedtokeepeveryoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeandbraveryacrosstheocean.Finally,on12October,thecrewspottedlandinthedistance.ColumbuscalledthenativeslivingontheislandsIndiansbecausehewasconvincedthathewasintheEastIndies.However,theshorestheyhadreachedwereoftheCaribbean,nottheEastIndies.HisowninsistenceandthefinancialsupportfromtheKingandQueenofSpain.WhatchallengesdidColumbusandhiscrewencounterduringthejourneyin1492(Para2)Columbusinsistedon

searchingforadirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Aftercontinuousattempts,hereceivedfinancialsupportfromtheKingandQueenofSpain.On3August1492,hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.Thejourneywasfullofchallenges:ittooklongerthan

expected,theyfacedashortageoffood,andoneoftheshipswasleakingbadly,which

puteveryoneonthisshipingravedanger.The

menonboardwereinpanic.Regardlessofallthechallenges,

Columbusmanagedtokeepeveryoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeandbraveryacrosstheocean.Finally,on12October,thecrewspottedlandinthedistance.ColumbuscalledthenativeslivingontheislandsIndiansbecausehewasconvincedthathewasintheEastIndies.However,theshorestheyhadreachedwereoftheCaribbean,nottheEastIndies.Ittooklongerthan

expected,theyfacedashortageoffood,andoneoftheshipswasleakingbadly,whichputeveryoneonthisshipingravedanger.The

menonboardwereinpanic.WhydidColumbuscallthenativesIndians(Para2)Columbusinsistedon

searchingforadirectsearoutetotheEastIndiesbysailingacrosstheAtlanticOcean.Aftercontinuousattempts,hereceivedfinancialsupportfromtheKingandQueenofSpain.On3August1492,hedepartedfromSpainwiththreeshipscarryingabout90crewmen.Thejourneywasfullofchallenges:ittooklongerthan

expected,theyfacedashortageoffood,andoneoftheshipswasleakingbadly,which

puteveryoneonthisshipingravedanger.The

menonboardwereinpanic.Regardlessofallthechallenges,

Columbusmanagedtokeepeveryoneoutofdangerwithhisknowledgeandbraveryacrosstheocean.Finally,on12October,thecrewspottedlandinthedistance.ColumbuscalledthenativeslivingontheislandsIndiansbecausehewasconvincedthathewasintheEastIndies.However,theshorestheyhadreachedwereoftheCaribbean,nottheEastIndies.BecausehewasconvincedthathewasintheEastIndies.WhataretheinfluencesofChristopherColumnbus’discoveryontheworld(Para3)Between1493and1504,Columbusfoundmorelandoverthecourseofhisthreesubsequentvoyages.Themajorcontributionofthisgreatexploreristhathe“discovered”theNewWorld.HisdiscoveryinspiredexplorerssuchasCaptainJamesCooktoexploreanddiscovermorevastareasoftheworld.HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiodwhichwitnessedmanyimportantgeographicalfindings.Thisperiodalsoallowedforaninternationalexchangeofideasandcultures.HisdiscoveryinspiredexplorerssuchasCaptainJamesCooktoexploreanddiscovermorevastareasoftheworld.HisvoyagesopenedanewchapteroftheAgeofExploration,aperiodwhichwitnessedmanyimportantgeographicalfindings.Thisperiodalsoallowedforaninternationalexchangeofideasandcultures.

Discussion

2.Whathaveyoulearntaboutthespiritofexplorationfromthearticles3.Howmightexplorershavechangedthecourseofhistory1.WhatfactorsmadethevoyagesofZhengHeandColumbussosuccessfulUsetheinformationinthearticlestosupportyouropinion.P33B1Thearticle,fromatravelwebsite,tellsthestoryabouttheTomboftheKingofBoni.Completethearticlewiththecorrectformsofthewordsandphrasesinthebox.subsequent

harmonious

influential

onbehalfofproof

strengthen

acknowledge

beloadedwithTheearly1400swasagloriouserainChinesehistory.Duringthistime,theYongleEmperorwantedtodevelop(1)

______________relationswiththe

overseasneighbours.ZhengHe,oneofthemost(2)

______________explorers,tookchargeofthetask.OneofthestatesmentionedinthehistoricalrecordswasBoni(present-dayBrunei),asmallkingdominSouth-EastAsia.Thereis(3)

____________thatChinaestablishedverygoodrelationswiththisstatealongtimeago:oneofitskingswasburiedinNanjingduringtheearlyMingDynasty,andthereisafascinatinglegendabouttheking.harmoniousinfluentialproofsubsequent

harmonious

influential

onbehalfofproof

strengthen

acknowledge

beloadedwithIn1405,(4)

_________________theemperor,ZhengHesailedtheoceansonhisfirstvoyage.Hisfleet(5)

____________________giftstotheneighbouringcountriesandregions.In1407,hetravelledtoBoni,which(6)

_________________thefriendlyrelationshipbetweenthetwocountries.Inthe(7)

_________________year,theKingofBonipaidafriendlyvisittoChina.Hewasaccompaniedbymorethan150people.TherecordsshowthatthevisitorswereastonishedbyhowrichandtechnologicallyadvancedtheMingDynastywas.TheyreceivedaroyalwelcomefromtheYongleEmperor.onbehalfofwasloadedwithstrengthenedsubsequentsubsequent

harmonious

influential

onbehalfofproof

strengthen

acknowledge

beloadedwithUnfortunately,afteroveramonthinthecapital,thekingfellill.Onhisdeathbed,heaskedtobeburiedinChina,andinlinewithhiswilltheemperorbuiltatombforhim.Thistombbearswitnesstothelonghistoryoffriendlyinteractionsbetweenthetwocountriesandisnow(8)

_________________asoneofthemanyimportanthistoricsitesinChina.acknowledgedonhisdeathbed=ashelaydyinginlinewithone’swill

bear/givewitnesstosth臨終時(shí)按照某人的心愿(文中指“遺愿”)為……作證；證明Phrases:afourthdimensionbeagainstreasonconvinceyouconductanexperimenthistoricalfiguresetsailfromonhisfirstvoyageafleetofnavigatet