2021-2022學(xué)年高中英語譯林版選修8教學(xué)案：Unit-1-Section-5-文本版含答案

Ⅰ.Readthetextanddecidewhetherthefollowingstatementsaretrue(T)orfalse(F)．1．RobertBurnsbecamefamousworldwideafterhisfirstbookofpoetrywaspublished.(F)2．BurnsbelongstothegroupofRomanticpoets.(T)3．ThehousewhereBurnswasbornisusedasamuseum.(T)4．It'ssaidthat‘ARed,RedRose’waswrittentohisloveNellyKirkpatrick.(F)5．Eachlineofeachsectionin‘ARed,RedRose’rhymes.(F)Ⅱ.Fillineachblankwithnomorethanthreewordsaccordingtothetext.SomefactsaboutRobertBurns'spersonallife★HewasborninAlloway,Scotlandin1759anddiedin1796becauseofahardlifethathelivedand(1)poor_health.★Hegrewupinapoorfamilywhichwas(2)in_heavy_debt.★ThoughRobertBurnswasafamouspoet，hedidn'tmakemuchmoneyandhadtomakehislivingbyfarming.★It'ssaidthatBurns(3)owedhissuccesstohisfirstlove,NellyKirkpatrick，whoencouragedhimtowritepoetry.SomefactsaboutRobertBurns's(4)poetry★(5)The_publicationofhisfirstbookofpoetrymadehimveryfamous.★Asapoet,heshowed(6)great_interestinnature,whichwasoftenusedasathemeinhispoetry.★Thespellinginhisfamouspoem‘ARed,RedRose’looksratherstrange(7)because/as/sincehewroteitjustliketheScottishpeoplespokebackthen.Howpeople(8)rememberRobertBurns★AmonumentinhonourofhimwasbuiltinGeorgeSquareinGlasgow，Scotland,andthedaywhenitwas(9)initially/firstshowntothepublicwasdeclaredaholiday.★ThehouseinAllowaywhereBurnswasbornisnow(10)usedasamuseumofhislifeandwork.Ⅰ.單詞拼寫1．Assoonasshebecameawidow(遺孀)shedevotedherselftowomen'shighereducation.2．ItissaidthatFrenchmenareamongthemostromantic(浪漫的)peopleintheworld.3．Theybuiltamonument(紀(jì)念碑)inmemoryofthosewhodiedinthegreatearthquake.4．Twomensprang(突然消滅)outatmeasIwaswalkingthroughthepark.5．Metalswillmelt(熔化)whenheatedtoacertaintemperature.6．We'llrunintodebt(債務(wù))ifyouspendmorethanourincome.7．Canyoutranslatethoseparagraphs(段落)intoEnglish?Ⅱ.拓展詞匯1．reputationn．名聲，名譽(yù)→reputableadj.聲譽(yù)好的，有聲望的；有信譽(yù)的2．a(chǎn)dorevt.寵愛，寵愛，寵愛→adorationn．敬慕，寵愛→adorableadj.值得寵愛的，可愛的3．intendvt.&vi.打算，方案，想要→intentionn．意圖，目的；打算[巧記單詞]派生詞adorable→adore＋去e＋-ableintention→intend＋d改為t＋-ionⅢ.補(bǔ)全短語1．inhonourof紀(jì)念……2．belongto屬于3．intendtodosth.意欲……；打算……4．consistof由……構(gòu)成5．compare...to...把……比作……6．focuson集中于……7．a(chǎn)slongas只要8．promisetodo許諾做……1．[教材原句]ThisisprobablywhyBurnstalkedaboutaroseinhisfamouspoem，‘ARed,RedRose’.這可能就是彭斯在他有名的詩歌《一朵紅紅的玫瑰》里評(píng)論玫瑰的緣由。[句型點(diǎn)撥]“This/Thatiswhy...”句型。[佳句賞析]Tobetopofthatlistshowswhatagreatplayerheisandthat'swhywepaidthemoneyforhim.他以在得分榜上名列前茅來證明他是個(gè)多么宏大的球員，這就是我們給他這么多錢的緣由。2．[教材原句]HewroteinthesamewaytheScottishpeoplespokebackthen,whichexplainswhythespellinglooksratherstrange.他用蘇格蘭方言寫作，這就解釋了為什么這首詩的拼寫看起來相當(dāng)驚異。[句型點(diǎn)撥]“inthesameway(that)...”方式狀語從句。[佳句賞析]Mostpeopledonotseemtoseethecostofahouseinthesameway(that)theyseeotherprices.多數(shù)人看待房屋價(jià)格的方式好像不同于他們看待其他物品價(jià)格的方式。eq\a\vs4\al([課文對(duì)譯])RobertBurnsandhispoetryRobertBurns,Scotland'ssupremeliteraryhero,wasborninAlloway,Scotlandin1759.Burnshadareputationforbeingfunnyandpleasanttobearound.However,hecamefromapoorfamilywithmanydebts,anddidnotevermakealotofmoney.PeoplesaythatBurns'sfirstlove,NellyKirkpatrick,encouragedhimtowritepoetry.‘ToaMouse’and‘TheHolyFair’，twoofhismostpopularpoems,bothappearedinhisfirstbookofpoetry.Afteritwaspublished,hebecamefamousnationwide.ThenhemovedtoEdinburgh,thecapitalandlargesturbancentreofScotland.Burnswasbythenafamouspoet,butwasnotanyricherandhadtoearnhisincomebyfarming.AhardlifeandweakhealthmadeRobertBurns'slifeshort.Hediedattheageof37in1796.AllofScotlandmournedBurns'sdeath，andafterwardsmanypeopledonatedmoneytosupporthiswidowandchildren.ThereisastatueofBurnsinGeorgeSquareinGlasgow,Scotland.Whenthismonumentinhonourofhimwasfirstshowntothepublicin1877,thedaywasdeclaredaholidayandabout30,000peoplecameouttowatch.FromthiswecanseehowmuchtheScottishpeopleadoredBurns.ThehouseinAllowaywhereBurnswasbornisnowamuseumofhislifeandwork.Burnsbelongedtoagroupofpoets(includingJohnKeatsandWilliamWordsworth)calledtheRomanticpoets.TheRomanticMovementstartedaround1780andlasteduntilabout1830.Thepoetryofthisperiodoftenfocusesonconceptslikefreedomandbeauty,andtendstouseimaginationandtouchonstrongfeelings.TheRomanticpoetswereveryinterestedinnature,andoftenuseditasathemeintheirpoetry.ThisisprobablywhyBurnstalkedaboutaroseinhisfamouspoem，‘ARed,RedRose’.HewroteinthesamewaytheScottishpeoplespokebackthen,whichexplainswhythespellinglooksratherstrange.Notehow‘love’isspelt‘luve’，how‘well’isspelt‘weel’andhow‘go’isspelt‘gang’.Thepoemwaspublishedin1794and,likemanyofBurns'spoems,itwasintendedtobeasong.Burnsdividedthispoemintofourshortsectionsconsistingoffourlineseach.Thesesectionsinapoemarelikeparagraphsinanarticle.Thesecondandfourthlinesofeachsectionrhyme.Poetryisusuallyfullofsymbols,and‘ARed,RedRose’isnodifferent.Withtheline‘OmyLuve'slikeared,redrose’，hecomparesthegirlhelovestoaredrose.Hegoesontocomparehertoasonginthelines‘OmyLuve'slikethemelodie/That'ssweetlyplay'dintune！’Whenhementions‘thesandso'life’inthethirdsection,heisswearingthathislovewillneverfadeaslongashelives.‘Faretheeweel’inthelastsectionofthepoemmeans‘farewell’，or‘goodbye’.Yet,thoughheissayinggoodbyetohislove,hepromisestocometoseeheragain,evenifhehastotraveltenthousandmiles.,羅伯特·彭斯和他的詩歌羅伯特·彭斯是蘇格蘭的文學(xué)巨匠，于1759年誕生在蘇格蘭的阿洛韋。彭斯有待人風(fēng)趣、友好的好名聲。但是，他誕生在一個(gè)負(fù)債累累的貧困家庭，而且從來沒有掙到過很多錢。人們說彭斯的第一位戀人內(nèi)莉·柯克帕特里克鼓舞他創(chuàng)作詩歌。他最受歡迎的詩歌中的兩首《致小鼠》和《圣集》都消滅在他的第一本詩集中。在他的第一本詩集出版后，他有名全國。然后，他搬到了既是蘇格蘭首府又是蘇格蘭最大城市的愛丁堡。彭斯是當(dāng)時(shí)出名的詩人，但他并沒有比以前更富有，不得不靠做農(nóng)活維持生計(jì)。艱辛的生活和虛弱的體質(zhì)縮短了彭斯的生命。他于1796年去世，享年37歲。整個(gè)蘇格蘭都哀悼他的逝世，隨后很多人捐款資助他的妻子和孩子們。在蘇格蘭格拉斯哥的喬治廣場有一尊彭斯的塑像。這座紀(jì)念彭斯的塑像于1877年首次對(duì)公眾展出，那一天被定為假日，約有三萬人出來觀看。由此可見蘇格蘭人民多么崇敬他。位于阿洛韋彭斯誕生的房子，現(xiàn)在是呈現(xiàn)他生平和作品的紀(jì)念館。彭斯屬于被稱為浪漫主義詩人(包括約翰·濟(jì)慈和威廉·華茲華斯)的群體。浪漫主義運(yùn)動(dòng)或許始于1780年，持續(xù)至1830年左右。這一時(shí)期的詩歌通常關(guān)注自由、秀麗等概念，往往運(yùn)用想象觸及猛烈的情感。浪漫主義詩人對(duì)自然有深厚的愛好，經(jīng)常以自然作為他們?cè)姼璧闹黝}。這可能就是為什么彭斯在他的有名詩歌《一朵紅紅的玫瑰》里描寫了玫瑰。他用當(dāng)時(shí)蘇格蘭人民口語的形式寫作詩歌，這也解釋了為什么這首詩的拼寫看起來相當(dāng)驚異。留意“l(fā)ove”拼成了“l(fā)uve”，“well”拼成了“weel”，“go”拼成了“gang”。這首詩發(fā)表于1794年，猶如彭斯的很多詩歌一樣，這首詩原是為歌詠而作。彭斯將這首詩分為四節(jié)，每節(jié)四行。詩歌中的節(jié)就像文章里的段落。每一節(jié)的其次行和第四行押韻。詩歌經(jīng)常布滿象征，《一朵紅紅的玫瑰》也不例外。在“啊，我的愛人像一朵紅紅的玫瑰”這一行中，他把他所愛的姑娘比作一朵紅玫瑰。他繼而又將他的愛人比作一首歌曲，“啊，我的愛人像一首樂曲/演奏得甜蜜而合拍”。彭斯在第三節(jié)里提到了“生命的流沙”，他這是在立下誓言，只要生命不停留，他的愛就永久不會(huì)褪去。詩歌最終一節(jié)中的“Faretheeweel”意思是“別了”或“再見”。雖然他是在向他的愛人說再見，但他許諾肯定會(huì)再來看她，即使他要遠(yuǎn)行萬里。1．(教材P14)Burnshadareputationforbeingfunnyandpleasanttobearound.彭斯由于他的風(fēng)趣和簡潔相處而名聲在外。reputationn．名譽(yù)，名聲haveareputationfor...由于……而有名，以……而出名haveagood/badreputation名譽(yù)好/壞earn/gain/establishareputation樹立名譽(yù)liveuptoone'sreputation不負(fù)盛名ruinone'sreputation敗壞某人的名譽(yù)①Thisstorehas_a_good_reputationforfairdealing.這家商店因公正交易而獲得了好名聲。②TheplayingoftheherointheTVseriesofNirvanainFireearned_a_reputationforHuGe.電視劇《瑯琊榜》中男主角的扮演為胡歌贏得了聲譽(yù)。③Hereallylives_up_to_his_reputationas“awalkingdictionary”．他真是名副其實(shí)的“活字典”。2．(教材P14)However,hecamefromapoorfamilywithmanydebts,anddidnotevermakealotofmoney.然而，他誕生在一個(gè)負(fù)債累累的貧困家庭，而且從來沒有掙到過很多錢。debtn．債務(wù)，欠款beindebttosb.欠某人錢be/keepoutofdebt不欠債payoffdebt還清債務(wù)①Idon'tlikebeingindebttoanyone.我不寵愛欠任何人錢。②It'snoteasytokeep_out_of_debtwhenpricesarerisingsofast.物價(jià)上漲得這么快，要想不負(fù)債是不簡潔的。③Ittookthemtenyearstopay_off_debtfortheirhouse.他們花了十年時(shí)間才還清房債。3．(教材P14)Burnsbelongedtoagroupofpoets(includingJohnKeatsandWilliamWordsworth)calledtheRomanticpoets.彭斯屬于一個(gè)被稱為“浪漫主義詩人”的詩人團(tuán)體(包括約翰·濟(jì)慈和威廉·華茲華斯)。belongto屬于，是……的成員①Thebookwitharedcoverbelongstome.這本紅皮書是我的。②Thelandbelongslegallytothegovernment.該地依法屬政府全部。③Idon'tknowwheretheseplantsbelonging_todifferentspeciescomefrom.我不知道這些屬于不同種類的植物出自哪里。[名師點(diǎn)津]belongto不能用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)，也不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)中。4．(教材P14)FromthiswecanseehowmuchtheScottishpeopleadoredBurns.由此，我們可以看出蘇格蘭人是多么的崇拜彭斯。adorevt.寵愛，寵愛，寵愛；崇拜①Peopleadorehimforhisnoblecharacter.人們因他的貴重人格而崇拜他。adoredoingsth.寵愛做某事adoringadj.寵愛的；敬慕的；寵愛的②Althoughsheisold,shestilladoresworking(work)forchildren.盡管年事已高，但她仍寵愛兒童事業(yè)。③Shelookedathimwithadoring(adore)eyes,whichmadehimhappy.她用崇拜的目光看著他，這使他很興奮。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“寵愛，寵愛”的詞語還有哪些？like,_love,_be_fond_of,_have_affection_for,_be_devoted_to5．(教材P14)Thepoetryofthisperiodoftenfocusesonconceptslikefreedomandbeauty,andtendstouseimaginationandtouchonstrongfeelings.這個(gè)時(shí)期的詩歌通常關(guān)注比如像自由和美這樣的概念，并且傾向于使用想象，并涉及猛烈的情感。focuson(upon)集中(留意力、精力等)于；聚集于；使(眼睛)凝視①Thenoisemadeithardformetofocusonwork.噪音讓我無法集中留意力工作。focusone'seyes/attention/mindon把目光/留意力/精力集中到……上bringsth.intofocus使某物清楚、明確或在焦點(diǎn)上be/gooutoffocus模糊，不清楚，不在焦點(diǎn)上②Focus_your_attention_on_her,_andkeeplisteninguntilyoutrulyunderstand.把留意力集中到她身上，始終到你聽懂為止。③Youmustbringtheobjectinto_focusifyouwantagoodphotograph.假如你想拍出好的照片，你必需把被拍攝物置于焦點(diǎn)上。④Forme,yourexplanationisabitout_of_focus.對(duì)我來說，你的解釋還不太清楚。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“集中(留意力、精力)”的短語還有哪些？①concentrate/fix/centeron②concentrate/fixone'sattentionon③putone'sheartinto6．(教材P14)Thepoemwaspublishedin1794and,likemanyofBurns'spoems,itwasintendedtobeasong.這首詩是在1794年出版的，像彭斯的很多詩一樣，這首詩原來是作為一首歌的。intendvt.&vi.打算，方案，想要(1)intenddoing/todosth.打算做某事intendsb.todosth.打算讓某人做某事beintendedtobe/dosth.目的是作為某物/目的是做某事beintendedfor/todo...專為……而設(shè)計(jì)的/為做……打算(或設(shè)計(jì))的(2)intentionn.意圖，打算，方案have(no)intentionofdoingsth.(不)打算做某事①Thebossintendedhissecretaryto_attend(attend)themeeting.老板打算讓秘書出席這次會(huì)議。②Hetoldmethatthecoursewas_intended(intend)tohelpthebeginners.他告知我說這門課程是為掛念初學(xué)者而設(shè)計(jì)的。③Thismoneyis_intended_forthedevelopmentofthetouristindustry.這筆錢預(yù)備用于旅游業(yè)的開發(fā)。④Ihave_no_intention_ofcomingtothisterribleplaceagain!我再也不想到這個(gè)糟糕的地方來了。[名師點(diǎn)津]hadintendedthat.../todo和intendedtohavedone表示“原來打算干某事，但實(shí)際上未做成”。類似用法的詞還有hope,mean,wish,want,expect等。⑤Iintendedtohaveinvitedhim,butIforgottodoso.＝Ihadintendedtoinvitehim,butIforgottodoso.我本想/本打算邀請(qǐng)他的，可是我遺忘了。7．(教材P14)Burnsdividedthispoemintofourshortsectionsconsistingoffourlineseach.彭斯將這首詩分為四個(gè)小節(jié)，每節(jié)由四行組成。consistof由……構(gòu)成；由……組成①Aseveryoneknows,waterconsistsofoxygenandhydrogen.人人都知道，水由氫氣和氧氣合成。[名師點(diǎn)津]consistof不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)及進(jìn)行時(shí)。consistin在于，存在于consistwith相符，全都②Truewealthdoesn'tconsist_inwhatweare.真實(shí)的財(cái)寶不在于我們是做什么的。③Hisconclusionsdonotconsist_withthefacts.他的結(jié)論與事實(shí)不符。[聯(lián)想發(fā)散]表示“由……組成/構(gòu)成”的短語還有哪些？①bemadeupof②becomposedof8．ThisisprobablywhyBurnstalkedaboutaroseinhisfamouspoem,‘ARed,RedRose’.這可能就是彭斯在他有名的詩歌《一朵紅紅的玫瑰》里評(píng)論玫瑰的緣由。(1)本句為“This/Thatiswhy...”句型，意為“這/那就是……的緣由”，其中why引導(dǎo)的是表語從句。該句型通常用來對(duì)前面已經(jīng)說明過的緣由進(jìn)行總結(jié)。①Shedoesn'tfeelwell;thisiswhyshewouldn'tliketogoouttoday.她覺得不舒適，這就是她今日不想出去的緣由。②Itisawasteofmoney.That_is_whyIamnotinfavouroftheplan.我不贊成這個(gè)方案的理由是由于鋪張金錢。(2)其他相關(guān)句型(1)That/Thisisbecause...“那/這是由于……”(that/this表示結(jié)果，because引導(dǎo)表語從句，從句表示緣由)(2)Thereasonwhy(＝forwhich)...isthat...“……的緣由是……”(why引導(dǎo)定語從句，并在從句中作狀語，that引導(dǎo)表語從句，不行換成because)③Hewaslateforclass.Thatwasbecausehegotuplate.＝The_reason_why/for_whichhewaslatewasthathegotuplate.他遲到的緣由是他起床晚了。Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Shedevotedherselfentirelytoherresearchanditearnedheragoodreputationinherfield.2．Sometravelersarestilltrappedintheheavysnow,thoughsomearereportedto_have_been_rescued(rescue)bythepolice.3．Parentsmaynotunderstandwhattheirchildrenhavedone,becausetheybelongtoayoungergeneration.4．AlltheChinesepeopleareexpectingthegovernment'sfourthousandbillionfinancialplantobecarriedoutaroundthecountry,intendedto_improve(improve)thecurrenteconomicsituation.5．Theywerestillindebttotheirfriendsaftertheirparents'longillness.6．InmanyAmericanuniversities,thetotalworkforadegreeconsistsofthirty-sixcourses,eachlastingforonesemester.7．Hewasseriouslyill.That'swhyhedidn'tappearattheparty.8．Rosehad_intended(intend)tohelpmewithmyEnglishpronunciation,butsomethingunexpectedstoppedher.Ⅱ.完成句子1．他在這里住了十年，那便是他如此寵愛這個(gè)地方的緣由。Helivedherefortenyears.That_is_whyhelikestheplacesomuch.2．這座正在建設(shè)的房子是打算用作餐廳的。Thehousebeingbuiltnowis_intended_for/to_beadinninghall.3．我們的產(chǎn)品因設(shè)計(jì)獨(dú)特和質(zhì)量牢靠，擁有很好的聲譽(yù)。Ourproductshave_a_good_reputation_foritsuniquedesignandhighquality.4．他雖然是老師，但也不行能什么都懂。Teacher_though/asheis,hecan'tknoweverything.5．威尼斯的美很大程度上在于它那古代建筑的風(fēng)格。ThebeautyofVeniceconsistslargelyinthestyleofitsancientbuildings.6．兒童游樂場如雨后春筍般地在這個(gè)地方四處消滅。Playareasforchildrenarespringing_upallovertheplace.Ⅲ.語境翻譯今年我們公司負(fù)債(indebt)了。那是由于與去年相比(comparedto)，產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量差了，銷售量下降了。所以我們的名譽(yù)就不好(haveabadreputation)。我們公司有3000人(consistof)，假如連續(xù)這樣，我們公司會(huì)倒閉。我期望我們公司的每個(gè)成員(belongto)都盡力努力工作，提高產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量，目的(beintendedto)是扭轉(zhuǎn)這種局面。我向你們?cè)S諾(makeapromise)假如產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量提高了，我給你們加工資。Ourcompanyisindebtthisyear.Thatisbecausetheproductsareofbadqualitycomparedtolastyearandthesalesaregoingdown.Sowehaveabadreputation.Ourcompanyconsistsof3,000people.Ifthiscontinues,ourcompanywillbeclosed.Ihopeeverymemberbelongingtothecompanyshouldtryyourbesttoworkhardtoimprovethequalityofproducts,intendedtoturnthetide.Imakeapromisetoyouthatifthequalityisimproved,Iwillraiseyourpay.[對(duì)應(yīng)同學(xué)課下力量提升(四)]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．Thismedicalteamconsistsoffivedoctorsandtennurses.2．LikePremierWen,PremierLialsogainsagoodreputationamongChineseforhislearnedknowledgeandgreatcareforordinarypeople.3．Deepindebt,hehadtocutdowntheexpenseonhisnewflat.4．Tomadoresreading(read)classicnovelsanddreamsofbeingawriter.5．I'msorrytotellyouthatyou'renotsingingintune.6．Histalkdidnottouchonthehousingproblem,whichwewerepayingattentionto.Ⅱ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換1．Hedidnotseethefilmlastnightbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.→Hedidnotseethefilmlastnight.Thatisbecausehehadtohelphislittlesisterwithherhomework.2．Hehadseenthefilmbefore,sohedidnotgotoseeitlastnight.→Hehadseenthefilmbefore.Thatiswhyhedidnotgotoseeitlastnight.Ⅲ.完成句子1．在倫敦的時(shí)候，我們參觀了為紀(jì)念弗洛倫斯·南丁格爾護(hù)士而建立的醫(yī)院。WhileinLondon,wepaidavisittothehospitalfoundedin_honour_of_the_nurseFlorenceNightingale.2．我們這個(gè)隊(duì)由十一名同學(xué)組成，其中有五個(gè)是男孩。Ourteamconsists_of_eleven_students,_fiveofwhomareboys.3．假如你集中精力于你所學(xué)的東西，你會(huì)成功的。If_you_focus_your_attention_onwhatyouarelearning,youwillsucceed.4．盡管演講者在報(bào)告過程中涉及了其他幾個(gè)問題，但大都切合主題。Thespeakertouched_on_several_other_subjectsinthecourseofhistalkbutmostlykepthimselftothemaintopic.Ⅳ.完形填空TheMonaLisaisthemostfamousworkofLeonardodaVinci.Theportraitfullofmysteryandsecretsis__1__ona77×53cm-largepolarwood.Leonardo__2__toworkatthispaintingin1503.ItissaidthatoneofthenoblestcitizensofFlorence__3__thepaintingfromLeonardo.__4__LeonardoleftFlorencein1507,hedidnotsellittothenobleman.__5__，hekeptitforhimself.SeveralbelievethatLeonardodidnot__6__thepaintingbecausehedidnotfinishthework,__7__othersbelievethatLeonardolovedthepaintingtoomuch.LeonardodaVinci__8__withthepaintinginFrancein1516.HesoldthepaintingtotheKingofFrance,who__9__itforthecastleinAmboise.AftertheFrenchRevolutionthepaintinggotanew__10__intheLouvre.However,Napoleontookitawayfromthereand__11__itupinhisbedroom.WhenNapoleonwasbanished(流放),theMonaLisa__12__intothegreatLouvreagain.__13__August21,1911theMonaLisawasstolen.Inthis__14__thetwocolumns,oneontheleftandtheotherontherightside,hadbeencut.Sotodaythepaintingis__15__thanthe__16__one.It'salsothereasonwhyitisnoteasytorecognisethatMonaLisaissittingonaterrace(露臺(tái))．Twoyearslater,itturned__17__inFlorence.AftersomeexhibitionstheMonaLisareturnedagaintoParis.Anacid(酸)attempt__18__thelowerhalfofthepaintingin1956.Therestorationtookseveralyears.Inthe1960'sand1970'stheMonaLisawas__19__inNewYork,TokyoandMoscow.Todaythepaintingis__20__bullet-proof(防彈的)glassintheLouvreinParis.1．A.paintedB．madeC．carvedD．sculptured解析：選A本文敘述的是名畫《蒙娜·麗莎》的歷史。第一段告知我們這幅畫是畫在什么材料上的，所以選擇painted。2．A.managedB．triedC．startedD．intended解析：選C其次段敘述這幅畫的起源，所以是從達(dá)·芬奇開頭創(chuàng)作該作品講起。3．A.boughtB．orderedC．sawD．stole解析：選B從本段可以看出達(dá)·芬奇畫這幅畫的緣由是有人向他訂購了一幅畫，所以選擇ordered。4．A.WhileB．DuringC．WhenD．Since解析：選C從下文可知，在達(dá)·芬奇離開佛羅倫薩的時(shí)候并沒有把這幅畫交給訂購的人。表示“在……的時(shí)候”，只能選擇when。5．A.ThenB．ButC．InsteadD．Finally解析：選C達(dá)·芬奇沒有把這幅畫交給訂購的人，而是自己保存了起來，所以用instead。6．A.handoutB．handupC．handoverD．handdown解析：選C從本段看出人們推想達(dá)·芬奇當(dāng)時(shí)沒有把畫交給訂購者的緣由有兩種可能。handover意為“把……交給”。7．A.andB．soC．thoughD．but解析：選D從上文看出，有人認(rèn)為達(dá)·芬奇沒有交畫的緣由是由于沒完成，而另外一些人認(rèn)為是達(dá)·芬奇太愛這幅畫了。這兩句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以選擇but。8．A.reachedB．a(chǎn)rrivedC．dealtD．did解析：選B下文說達(dá)·芬奇把畫賣給了法國國王，所以此處是說他帶著畫到達(dá)了法國。9．A.boughtB．gotC．tookD．robbed解析：選A上文說達(dá)·芬奇把畫賣給了法國國王，所以國王應(yīng)當(dāng)是買了這幅畫。10．A.siteB．homeC．cupboardD．desk解析：選B本句說明的是這幅畫接下來的歸屬是到了盧浮宮，也就是在盧浮宮找到了一個(gè)新家。11．A.putB．heldC．hungD．picked解析：選C后來拿破侖拿走了這幅畫，把它掛在了自己的臥房里。12．A.wentB．cameC．leftD．returned解析：選D拿破侖被流放后，這幅畫又回到了盧浮宮。13．A.OnB．InC．AsD．At解析：選A表示具體在哪一天，要用介詞on。14．A.thingB．a(chǎn)ffairC．matterD．business解析：選C上文說這幅畫被偷了，所以是一件麻煩事，用matter表示。15．A.biggerB．smallerC．longerD．shorter解析：選B上文說“...thetwocolumns...hadbeencut”，所以這幅畫是變小了。16．A.originalB．olderC．previousD．latter解析：選A這幅畫變小應(yīng)當(dāng)是與原來相比，所以用original表示“原來的”，也就是轉(zhuǎn)變前的。17．A.outB．inC．overD．up解析：選D兩年后這幅畫又消滅在佛羅倫薩。18．A.ruinedB．killedC．injuredD．damaged解析：選D這幅畫又被硫酸破壞。damage意為“部分損壞”；ruin意為“完全毀壞，不行修復(fù)”。19．A.exhibitedB．brokenC．seenD．noticed解析：選A從本段看出這幅畫在20世紀(jì)60和70年月在各地展出，所以選擇exhibited。20．A.afterB．beforeC．beyondD．behind解析：選D為了愛護(hù)這幅畫，人們把它放在防彈玻璃后面。Ⅴ.閱讀理解ThecityofFlorenceeats,sleepsandbreathesart.Examplesofman'sartisticgeniusstandonnearlyeverystreet.Dozensofmuseumsandartshopswaittobeexplored.Florence,Italy,isanartlover'sparadise.DuringtheRenaissance,Florencewasaparadiseforartiststhemselves.Infact,theRenaissancebeganheremorethan500yearsago.Beforethistime,artfocusedcompletelyonreligioussubjects.Renaissanceartbegantoincludemorevariety.Artistspaintedpicturesofordinarypeople.TheypaintedscenesfromhistoryandcharactersfromGreekandRomanmyths.MichelangelowasthegreatestofFlorence'sartists.VisitorslineupforhoursattheAccademiaMuseumforalookathisimpressiveDavid.This140-foot-highstatue(雕像)hasbecometheidealhumanfigureoftheRenaissance.DavidisanexampleofMichelangelo'stalentforsculptingpeoplesimply,yetpowerfully.MoreofMichelangelo'sworkscanbeseeninthegreatPalazzoVecchio.PaintingsandcarvingsoffamousItalianartistsfillthepalacerooms.TogetafeelofmodernFlorence,jointheeveningpromenade(閑逛?????)．ThistraditionalfeatureofItalianlifebeginsaround6：00p．m.wheneveryonegetsoffwork.PeoplestrolldownthestreetsofcentralFlorencetodolastminuteshoppingorjustchatwithfriends.BesuretostrollpastPercheNoi,homeoftheoldestandbesticecreaminthecity.