2023-2024學(xué)年外研版（2019） 必修 第三冊 Unit 5 What an adventure!核心詞匯學(xué)案

UNIT5Whatanadventure!5.1核心詞匯核心詞匯1.confirmvt.證實；證明；批準【用法】confirmationn． 證實，證明；確認函confirmsth./that-clause/wh-clause證實……Ithasbeenconfirmedthat...已經(jīng)確定……confirmsb.insth.使某人確信某事【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P50)ThefirstpeopleconfirmedtohavereachedthetopwereEdmundHillaryandTenzingNorgayin1953.第一批被證實登上頂峰的人是1953年的埃德蒙·希拉里和丹增·諾蓋。Researchhasconfirmedthattheriskishigherforwomen.研究已經(jīng)證實，這種風(fēng)險在女性中的比例更高。Theexperimentconfirmedhistheory.這個實驗證實了他的理論。Sixpeoplehaveconfirmedthattheywillbeattendingtheconference.已經(jīng)有6人確定要參加這次會議。Somescientistsdon'tdenytheexistenceofaliens,butfurtherevidenceisstillneededtoconfirmit.【巧學(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Thislatestinformationconfirmsme_______thebeliefthatheistoblame.②Hecalledagain____________(confirm)thedateofthemeeting.——完成句子③_________________________themeetingwillbeheldnextweek.已經(jīng)確定會議將于下周舉行?！敬鸢浮?.in2.toconfirm3.Ithasbeenconfirmedthat2.attemptn．努力，嘗試vt.嘗試；企圖【用法】(1)attemptatdoingsth./todosth.嘗試或努力做某事(2)makeanattemptatdoing/todosth.嘗試或努力做某事atone'sfirstattempt某人第一次嘗試inanattempttodosth.試圖做某事；希望做某事【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P51)WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisk-taking?大多數(shù)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的嘗試都或是成功或是失敗的，這種冒險行為背后是否也有科學(xué)原因？Allattemptsbytheexpertstocurehimfailed.專家們治療他的所有努力都失敗了。Thetownisbanningplasticbagsinanattempttohelptheenvironment.為改善環(huán)境，這個城鎮(zhèn)禁用塑料袋。Theteammadeanattempttoclimb/atclimbingthemountain.這個隊嘗試著爬上那座山。Hemadenoattempttohidehisfeelings.他毫不掩飾自己的情感。Theyclosedtheroadinanattempttoreducetrafficinthecity.Hissuccessatthefirstattemptdidn’tsatisfyhim.Instead,hewentallouttotryasecondtime.【巧學(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Foryearsresearchershaveattempted____________(show)thattelevisionisdangeroustochildren.②Hemadeanattempt____________(pass)thefinalexam，buthedidn'tsucceedintheend.③Notmanypeoplecananswerthisquestion______thefirstattempt,sodon'tbenervous.——一句多譯我試圖與她取得聯(lián)系，但失敗了。④I___________________________________，butfailed.(attemptv．)⑤I_____________________________________________，butfailed.(attemptn．)【答案】①toshow②topass③at④attemptedtogetintouchwithher⑤madeanattempttoget/atgettingintouchwithher3.failuren．失敗的人或事【用法】(1)end/resultinfailure以失敗告終powerfailure停電(2)failv.失敗；不及格(in)failtodosth.未能做某事，沒能做某事【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P51)WiththemajorityofattemptstoclimbQomolangmaresultingeitherintotalsuccessorfailure,istherealsoascientificreasonbehindthisrisk-taking?大多數(shù)攀登珠穆朗瑪峰的嘗試都或是成功或是失敗的，這種冒險行為背后是否也有科學(xué)原因？Failureisthemotherofsuccess.失敗是成功之母。Allhiseffortsendedinfailure.他的一切努力以失敗告終。Knowingwhatyouaredoingreducestherisksoffailure.知道你正在干什么，能降低失敗的風(fēng)險。Sheisdepressedbyhercontinuedfailuretofindajob.一直找不到工作，她很沮喪?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Wastingsomuchtimeinplayingcomputergamesleadstohis____________(fail)intheexam.②Heis________failureasanartist，butasuccessasanartteacher.③Today，we'lldiscussanumberofcaseswherebeginnersofEnglishfail___________(use)thelanguageproperly.【答案】failure (2)a (3)touse4.chargen．主管，負責(zé)【用法】(1)charge(sb.)forsth.為……(向某人)收費/要價chargesb.withsth.指控某人某事(2)incharge(of...)主管/看管/負責(zé)(……)inthechargeof...在……的掌管之下takechargeof...負責(zé)/看管……(3)freeofcharge免費在一些短語中，有無冠詞the意義截然不同，同學(xué)們一定要分類記憶哦!inchargeof負責(zé)，主管inthechargeof....由...掌管incontrolof控制inthecontrolof..由....掌控inpossessionof擁有inthepossessionof...為....所有bysea經(jīng)海路bythesea在海邊【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P57)Theyarecapturedandtakeninsidethesubmarine,wheretheymeetthemanincharge,CaptainNemo.他們被俘虜并被帶進潛艇，在那里他們遇到了負責(zé)人尼莫船長。I’dliketospeaktothepersonincharge.我想跟負責(zé)人談?wù)?。CouldIspeaktowhoeverisinchargeofInternationalSalesplease?我能同國際銷售部的負責(zé)人談?wù)剢幔縄amnotinchargeoftheproject.MrBrownisthepersonincharge.ThebossaskedJohntotakechargeofthecompanyforafewdayswhilehewasaway.ThisfactoryisinthechargeofMrGreen.Iwonderhowmuchyouchargeforyourservices.(安徽高考)Shewasarrestedonthechargeoftheft.她因被指控偷盜而被捕?！厩蓪W(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①—Iwonderhowmuchyoucharge________yourservices.—Thefirsttwoarefreewhilethethirdcosts$30.②Themanarrestedbythepolicewascharged____________stealing.——完成句子③Theshopwas____________________(由他掌管)whilethemanagerwasaway.＝Hewas____________(掌管)theshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.＝He_______________(掌管)theshopwhilethemanagerwasaway.④Youcanplayfootballinthestadium_______________(免費)ifyouareamember.【答案】①for②with③inthechargeofhiminchargeoftookchargeof④freeofcharge5.permitv．允許，準許，許可【用法】(1)permitsb.todosth.允許某人做某事permitdoingsth.允許做某事time/weatherpermitting＝iftime/weatherpermits如果時間/天氣允許的話(2)permissionn.許可；允許askforpermission請求允許withoutpermission未經(jīng)允許【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P57)Inordertokeepthissecret,CaptainNemotellshisthreenewestpassengersthattheyarenotpermittedtoleavethesubmarine.為了保守這個秘密，尼莫船長告訴他的三名新乘客，他們不準離開潛艇。Hepermittedmetoretakethetest,andIpulledmygradetoanA.他允許我重新參加考試，我的成績因此提高到了A。Mobilephoneconversationsarenotpermittedanywhereinthelibrary.圖書館內(nèi)任何地方都禁止使用手機打電話。Thesecuritysystemwillnotpermityoutoenterwithoutthecorrectpassword.Hishealthdoesn'tpermithistravellingwithus.Weather/Timepermitting,wewillhaveapicnicinthewoods.【巧學(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Theownersdon'tpermit____________(park)carsinfrontoftheshops.②Hisparentsdon'tpermithim____________(tell)lies.③Time____________(permit),Joewillbeabletofinishtheprojectverysuccessfully.【答案】1.parking2.totell3.permitting6.relatev．相聯(lián)系，有關(guān)聯(lián)；講述【用法】(1)relate...to/with...把……與……聯(lián)系起來relateto...涉及；與……相關(guān)(2)relationn.親屬relationshipn.(人際)關(guān)系【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P57)Wordsarenotenoughtorelatesuchwonders!言語不足以形容這種奇跡！Thereportseekstorelatetheriseincrimetoanincreaseinunemployment.這篇報告試圖證明犯罪活動的增加與失業(yè)率的上漲有關(guān)。ThesecondparagraphrelatestothetradewarbetweenUSandChina.第二段涉及到了中美之間的貿(mào)易戰(zhàn)。Thereportseekstorelatetheriseincrimetotheincreaseinunemployment.Thethemeofthedialogueshouldberelatedtothatofthepassage.ThesecondparagraphofthetextrelatestothesituationinScotland.【巧學(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Theprofessortoldhisstudentstorelatetheory____________practice.②Youmustwritedownalltheinformation____________(relate)totheproblem.③Wetrytoimprove____________(relate)betweenourtwocountries.——一句多譯對話的主題應(yīng)該與文章的主題相關(guān)。④Thethemeofthedialogueshould______________thethemeofthepassage.⑤Thethemeofthedialogueshould______________thethemeofthepassage.【答案】with/to2.related3.relations4,relateto5.berelatedto7.astonishv．使吃驚，使驚訝【用法】(1)astonishingadj.令人驚訝的(2)astonishedadj.吃驚的beastonishedtodosth./that...某人驚訝于(做)某事(3)astonishmentn.驚異，驚訝toone'sastonishment令人吃驚的是(多用于插入語)inastonishment吃驚地astonishsb.by(doing)sh.通過(做)某事使某人驚訝Itastonishessb.(that)...某人沒有料到.....【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P57)Thelight,whichlitthesoilthirtyfeetbelowthesurfaceoftheocean,astonishedmebyitspower.那光照亮了海面下三十英尺的海底，它的強度使我吃驚。Tomyastonishment,theyseemedastonishedattheastonishingnews,andlookedatmeinastonishment.Dianaastonishedherfamilybywinningthreecompetitionsinarow.【巧學(xué)助記】—單句語法填空①The____________lookonhisfacetoldusthathefelt____________tobeaskedsuchaquestion.(astonish)②Itwas____________(astonish)thatsheshouldacceptsuchahardjob.③Wewereastonished____________(find)thetemplestillinitsoriginalcondition.④Afterhearingthenews,shestaredatmein____________(astonish)【答案】astonishedastonished (2)astonishing (3)tofind(4)astonishment8.distinguishv．看清；認出；使……有所不同；辨別【用法】(1)distinguishAfromB區(qū)分A與Bdistinguish(between)AandB區(qū)別/區(qū)分A與B(2)distinguishoneselfin...使自己在……方面出名(3)distinguishedadj.卓越的；杰出的【經(jīng)典例句】(教材P57)．..andIclearlydistinguishedobjectsatadistanceofahundredandfiftyyards.我清楚地分辨出150碼外的物體。Beforebirth,babiescandistinguishtheirmother’svoicefromthatofafemalestranger.嬰兒在出生前就能分辨出自己媽媽和陌生女性的聲音。Speechdistinguishesmanfromtheanimals.語言將人類與動物區(qū)分開來。Thetwinsaresoalikethatnoonecandistinguishonefromtheother.Weshoulddistinguishbetweenrightandwrong.【巧學(xué)助記】——單句語法填空①Readinggoodbookscannotonlyenrichourmindsbutalsoteachus_______________(distinguish)betweenrightandwrong.②Honestlyspeaking，Iadmireyour____________(distinguish)achievements.③Beforebirth,babiescandistinguishtheirmother'svoice________thatofafemalestranger.【答案】(1)todistinguish (2)distinguished (3)from9.surroundv．環(huán)繞，圍繞【用法】(1)surroundsb./sth.withsb./sth.使某人/某物被某人/某物包圍besurroundedby/with被……圍繞著；周圍是……(2)surroundingad