寧夏銀川市教育局2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末預(yù)測卷（一）英語試題(解析版)

PAGEPAGE1寧夏銀川市教育局2023-2024學(xué)年高二上學(xué)期期末預(yù)測卷（一）英語試題第一部分聽力第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A,BC三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽完每段對話后,你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemansuggest?A.Fivecoursesmaybetoomany.B.Itwouldbewisertotakemorecourses.C.Onlyfourcourseswillbeofferedinthenewterm.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:Thenewtermwillbeginsoon.I’mthinkingoftakingfivecoursesinthenewsemester.M:Wouldn’tfourbewiser?Ifyoudothismuch,youwillbeunabletohandleitandgetwornout.Don’tpushyourselftoohard.2.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.HecanmakeitonSaturday.B.TherearemusiclessonsfortheeveningC.Moviesarenothiscupoftea.〖答案〗A〖解析〗W:WillyougotothecinemathisSaturday,Bob?M:I’mafraidIcan’t.I’llhavemymusiclessonsthen.W:Ididn’tmeaninthemorningorafternoon.Imeantintheevening.M:Oh,that’squiteadifferentthing.3.WhywasGeorgeabsentfromthemeeting?A.Hefeltunwell. B.Hewasstuckintraffic. C.Hetendedhissickmother.〖答案〗C〖解析〗W:Georgedidn’tattendyesterday’smeeting?M:Yes.Hismotherwasunwell.Hesenthertothehospitalandstayedwithher.W:Sorrytohearthat.Ithoughthemisseditbecauseoftheheavytraffic.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Hedoesn’tliketheteacher.B.Hewantstotakethecourse.C.Hehastakenthecoursebefore.〖答案〗B〖解析〗W:IhopeIcangetintoMr.Black’sFrenchclassthissemester.M:SodoI.It’ssuchapopularcourseandMr.Blackisawonderfulteacher.5.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?A.Atabusstation. B.Atatrainstation. C.Atanairport.〖答案〗C〖解析〗M:Theannouncementsaidpassengerswaitingtoboardshouldgototheticketcounter.I’vegottogo.W:I’llbeseeingyou.Haveasmoothflight.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題,從題中所給的A,B,C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前,你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小題,每小題5秒鐘;聽完后,各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。6.Whydoesthemanheadforthestadium?A.Toenteracontest. B.Topracticeplayingtennis. C.Tocheeronhisfavoriteteam.7.Whenwillthematchstart?A.In15minutes. B.In30minutes. C.In45minutes.〖答案〗6.A7.C〖解析〗W:Hello.Dick.Whereareyougoing?M:I’mgoingtothestadium.W:Whatareyougoingtherefor?M:I’mgoingtotakepartinthetennismatchthere.Wouldyouliketogowithme?W:Yes.Idliketo.I’llgotheretocheeronyourteam.M:Good.Doyouliketoplaytennis?W:Yes,Ido.ButIdon’tplayitverywell.M:Youneedmorepractice.W:Yes,you’reright.M:Oh,it’sfifteenpastthreenow.Let’shurry.Thematchwillstartat4:00p.m.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。8.Whathasrecentlybeendonetothespace?A.Anewbathroomhasbeenadded.B.Aprivateofficehasbeenbuilt.C.Thewallshavebeenpainted.9.Whatisthemanmostinterestedinaboutthespace?A.Theposition. B.Therent. C.Thesize.〖答案〗8.C9.B〖解析〗W:Hello!Thanksformeetingmeheretoday.Thisspaceseemsperfectforyournewofficeneeds,doesn’tit?M:Itdoeslookgreat.Whatcanyoutellmeaboutit?W:Well,thewallshaveallbeenrecentlypainted.Therearetwoseparatebathrooms,oneformenandtheotherforwomen.Themainareais300squarefeet,andtheprivateofficeisabout20squarefeet.M:Well,thatdoesmatchwhatwe’relookingfor,butmymainconcernistherent.W:1,000dollarspermonth.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。10.Whydoesthemancometotherestaurant?A.Itservestastymeat.B.Heheardthefoodwashealthy.C.Hisfriendrecommendedit.11.Whatchangewilltherestaurantmakenextmonth?A.Itwillusemorenaturalfood.B.Itwillprovidemoresnacks.C.Itwillmoveclosertothefarm.12.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?A.Paythebill. B.Orderhismeal. C.Praisethemenu.〖答案〗10.C11.A12.B〖解析〗M:Yourmenuisamazing.Everythinglookssohealthy.W:Thatisouraim—toservedeliciousandhealthyfood.M:That’sgreat.Alotofpeoplethinkhealthyfooddoesn’ttastegood,butyouareprovingthemwrong.W:Ifourfooddidn’ttastegood,nobodywouldcome.MayIknowwhotoldyouaboutourrestaurant?M:Afriendatworksaidyouservedreallytastyfoodforpeoplelikemewhodon’teatmeat.Hedidn’tevensaythatitwashealthyaswell.W:Manythankstoyourfriend.Bytheway,itwillbeevenbetternextmonth.Wearegoingtostartgettingallourvegetablesfromalocalfarm.Theygroweverythinginthenaturalway,withoutchemicals.M:Oh,I’llbesuretocomebackthen.W:Now,haveyoudecidedwhatyouwouldliketoordertoday?M:Icertainlyhave.聽下面一段較長對話，回答以下小題。13.Whogavethewomanherfirstmountainbike?A.Herfather. B.Heruncle. C.Herbrother.14.Whydidthewomanslowdownatonepointintherace?A.Theroadwasfullofrocks.B.Shewastootiredtogoahead.C.Areporterappearedsuddenly.15.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisthemostimportantbeforetherace?A.Havingenoughsleep.B.Checkingtheroadinadvance.C.Keepingthebikeingoodcondition.16.Whatdoesthewomansayabouttheclothes?A.Theyhavetobetight. B.Theyshouldbepretty. C.Theyneedtobecomfortable.〖答案〗13.B14.C15.C16.A〖解析〗M:Hello,Freya.Mountainbikingisapopularsportamongteenagers,buttherearefewergirlsdoingit.AmIright?W:Yes,althoughwe’regrowinginnumbers.WhenIwas13,mydadboughtmybrotheramountainbikebutIwasgivenanordinaryone.Ireallywantedtojoinmybrother,sointheendmyunclegotoneforme.M:Andnowyou’reawinner?W:Yes.IjustwontheRegionalChampionship.Itwasadifficultcoursewithlotsofrocks.AtonepointIthoughtIwasn’tgoingtowin.IwasaheadandthenIhadtoslowdownbecauseajournalistjumpedoutfrombehindatree.M:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostimportantbeforearace?W:Well,there’smuchtodo.Takeplentyofexercisetokeepfit.Checktherouteinadvance.AndthemostimportantIthinkisthatyoumustmakesureeverythingisworkingonthebike.Ifthere’sanythingwrongwiththebike,I’llbeintrouble.Andtheclothesshouldn’tslowyoudown,sotheyneedtobetight.Theymightfeelabituncomfortablewhenyoufirstputthemon,butyouwillsoongetusedtothem.I’mnotbotheredaboutnotlookingpretty—Ijustwanttowin.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答以下小題。17.WhatisPerelman?A.Aresearcher. B.Adoctor. C.Areporter.18.Withwhomdobabiesfeelthemostcomfortable?A.Strangeadults. B.Babysitters. C.Otherbabies.19.Howmaybabiesreacttounfamiliarbabies?A.Theymaystarttocry. B.Theymayshowmuchfear. C.Theymaytoucheachother.20.Whatmaythestudyleadto?A.Muchmoreparentingtimewithbabies.B.Anincreaseinfamily-baseddaycarecenters.C.Agreaterdemandforexperiencedbabysitters.〖答案〗17.A18.C19.C20.B〖解析〗Recentlyafive-yearstudywasconductedbytheCenterforChildhoodDevelopmentinLosAngeles,California,regardingthewaybabiesreacttodifferenttypesofpeople.Thefindingsofthestudysuggestthatbabiesseemtobemorecomfortablearoundotherbabiesthantheyarewithstrangeadults.TheresultsconfirmtheideasofDr.RichardPerelman,whohaswrittenmanybooksaboutraisingchildrenwithhisresearchteam.Dr.Perelmansupportsthefindingsofthestudyandaddsthatitisasounderideatokeepchildrenwithotherchildren,asinadaycarecenter,thantohavechildrencaredforbyababysitter.Accordingtotheresultsofthestudy,somebabiesseemtoshowfearofstrangeadults,buttheyarelikelytoreachouttotrytotouchanunfamiliarbaby.Twoofthechildreninthestudywereespeciallyclose.Itwasreportedthatifthetwochildrenwereseparatedforanyreason,theywouldstarttocry.Theonlywaytosatisfythemwastoallowthemtobetogether.Ifthefindingsaretrue,itmayleadtoanincreaseintheuseoffamily-orienteddaycarecenterswherechildrencanspendmoretimewitheachother.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié),滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文,從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。AAdecadelongstudyofolderadultsinChinahasfoundthatahealthylifestyleislinkedtoslowermemorydeclineevenwhenpeoplecarryariskygeneforAlzheimer’s.Memorylossisacommonpartofaging.Whilethereisnocureformostconditionsthatcausecognitivedecline,lifestylehasreceivedincreasingattentionasitisrelativelyeasytomanagewithpotentialbenefitsforoverallhealth,includingmemory.InareportinthelatestissueofBritishMedicalJournal,researchersfromChina’sNationalCenterforNeurologicalDisordersandothermedicalinstitutesfollowed29,000peopleagedatleast60yearswithnormalcognitiveabilitiesforupto10years.Forty-ninepercentoftheparticipantswerewomen.Theparticipantswerefrom12provincesfromthenorth,southandwestofChina,representingthegeographicalcharacteristics,degreeofurbanization,economicstatus,dietarypatterns,andculturalandsocialdifferencesinChina.Atthebeginningofthestudyin2009,theresearcherstestedparticipants’memoryfunctionwiththeAuditoryVerbalLearningTest,oneofthemostwidelyusedword-learningtests.TheywerealsotestedfortheAPOEgene,themostcommongenelinkedwithAlzheimer’s.Around20percentoftheparticipantswerecarriersoftheriskgene.Theparticipantsreceivedassessmentsin2012,2014,2016and2019.Inthefollow-ups,sixhealthylifestylefactorswereanalyzed:ahealthydiet(adherencetorecommendedfooditems),regularphysicalexercise(atleast150minutesofmoderateintensityor75minutesofvigorous-intensityexercisesperweek),activesocialcontact(forexample,seeingfriendsandfamilyatleasttwiceaweek),activecognitiveactivity(forexample,reading,writing,playingchessatleasttwiceaweek),non-smokingandneverdrinkingalcohol.21.Accordingtothestudy,whatcanhelpusreducetheriskofAlzheimer’s?A.Regularmentaltraining.B.Ahealthydiet.C.Non-smokinghabit.D.Allofabove.22.Howdoestheauthorsupportthethemeofthetext?A.Bygivingexamples.B.Bystatingarguments.C.Byexplainingstatisticaldata.D.Byprovidingresearchresults.23.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.Causesofmemoryloss.B.Lifestyletorateofmemorydecline.C.Thestudyaboutmemorydecline.D.Healthydietandmemoryloss.【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章介紹了一項(xiàng)研究成果。一項(xiàng)針對中國老年人的長達(dá)十年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，健康的生活方式與記憶衰退的速度有關(guān)，即使對于攜帶阿爾茨海默氏癥的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因的人們也是這樣的，建議了健康的生活方式。〖答案〗21.D22.D23.B21．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“AdecadelongstudyofolderadultsinChinahasfoundthatahealthylifestyleislinkedtoslowermemorydeclineevenwhenpeoplecarryariskygeneforAlzheimer’s.(一項(xiàng)針對中國老年人的長達(dá)十年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，健康的生活方式與記憶衰退的速度有關(guān)，即使是人們攜帶有阿爾茨海默氏癥的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因)”及最后一段“Inthefollow-ups,sixhealthylifestylefactorswereanalyzed:ahealthydiet(adherencetorecommendedfooditems),regularphysicalexercise(atleast150minutesofmoderateintensityor75minutesofvigorous-intensityexercisesperweek),activesocialcontact(forexample,seeingfriendsandfamilyatleasttwiceaweek),activecognitiveactivity(forexample,reading,writing,playingchessatleasttwiceaweek),non-smokingandneverdrinkingalcohol(在隨訪中，分析了六種健康的生活方式因素：健康的飲食(堅(jiān)持推薦的食物)，定期的體育鍛煉(每周至少150分鐘的中等強(qiáng)度或75分鐘的高強(qiáng)度鍛煉)，積極的社會交往(例如，每周至少兩次與朋友和家人見面)，積極的認(rèn)知活動(例如，閱讀，寫作，每周至少兩次下棋)，不吸煙，從不喝酒)”可知，健康的生活方式有助于降低阿爾茨海默癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，具體包括健康的飲食，定期的腦力認(rèn)知方面的訓(xùn)練及不吸煙的生活習(xí)慣。故選D項(xiàng)。22．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“AdecadelongstudyofolderadultsinChinahasfoundthatahealthylifestyleislinkedtoslowermemorydeclineevenwhenpeoplecarryariskygeneforAlzheimer’s.(一項(xiàng)針對中國老年人的長達(dá)十年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，健康的生活方式與記憶衰退的速度有關(guān)，即使是人們攜帶有阿爾茨海默氏癥的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因)”提出的本文主題是健康的生活方式有助于減慢記憶衰退，降低阿爾茨海默癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，下面第三段“InareportinthelatestissueofBritishMedicalJournal,researchersfromChina’sNationalCenterforNeurologicalDisordersandothermedicalinstitutesfollowed29,000peopleagedatleast60yearswithnormalcognitiveabilitiesforupto10years.Forty-ninepercentoftheparticipantswerewomen.(在最新一期《英國醫(yī)學(xué)雜志》(BritishMedicalJournal)上發(fā)表的一份報(bào)告中，來自中國國家神經(jīng)疾病中心和其他醫(yī)療機(jī)構(gòu)的研究人員對2.9萬名60歲以上、認(rèn)知能力正常的人進(jìn)行了長達(dá)10年的跟蹤調(diào)查。49%的參與者是女性)”及下面的三個(gè)段落詳細(xì)地介紹了研究過程和具體的成果及具體數(shù)據(jù)。所以說作者是提供研究成果來證明主題的。故選D項(xiàng)。23．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“AdecadelongstudyofolderadultsinChinahasfoundthatahealthylifestyleislinkedtoslowermemorydeclineevenwhenpeoplecarryariskygeneforAlzheimer’s.(一項(xiàng)針對中國老年人的長達(dá)十年的研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，健康的生活方式與記憶衰退的速度有關(guān)，即使是人們攜帶有阿爾茨海默氏癥的高風(fēng)險(xiǎn)基因)”提出的本文主題是健康的生活方式和記憶衰退速度有關(guān)系，下文詳細(xì)介紹了這個(gè)研究的過程，研究發(fā)現(xiàn)有助于減慢記憶衰退，降低阿爾茨海默癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。所以，B項(xiàng)“Lifestyletorateofmemorydecline.（生活方式與記憶力衰退的速度有關(guān)）”作為本文標(biāo)題，與文章主題相符合。故選B項(xiàng)。BTheonlythingseparatingmytwoworldsistheRioGranderiver—itmightnotbemuch,butit’senoughformetofeelabigdifferenceincustomsandvalues.PeoplewhoarenotfromElPaso,Texas,UnitedStatesorabordercitymightnotunderstandwhatit'sliketogrowupbetweentwoplacesatonce.IgrewupinaMexicanhousehold.MydadwasborninElPasobutlivednearlyhisentirelifeinCiudadJuárezuntilIwasborn,andmymomwasbornandraisedinMexico.Shedidn’tmovetotheUSuntilshehadme,whenshewas28.MyfirstlanguagewasSpanish,butmyparentsdidnotwantmeinbilingualclasses.So,instead,itwasallEnglishformeatschool.EnglishwasallIspokeamongfriendsatschool,whileSpanishwasthedesignatedlanguagewithfamily,andIhardlyevermixedthem.Ialsospentalotoftimewithmymaternalgrandparents,wholivedinJuárezandyoucouldsayhelpedraiseandshapewhoIamtoday.It'sthankstothemthatIperfectedmySpanish,learnedtoreadandwriteinthatlanguage—despitenevertakingclasses—andfellinlovewithmyMexicanculturebytravelingtoMexicoCityandaroundthecountry.Alongwithbeingbilingualcameasenseofhavingadoubleidentity.IenjoyedwatchingSpanishTVserieswithmygrandmaasmuchasAmericanseriessuchasTheAmandaShow.Andthesamewentformusic.IlovedlisteningtoSpanishsingers,asmuchasAmericanpopsingers.Itwasn’tuntilhighschoolthatIbegantomeetotherpeoplewhosebackgroundsIcouldrelateto.IwasintroducedtofriendswithwhomIidentifiedbecausetheywereMexicanAmericanandwhohadalsobeenraisedinElPasobutoftenvisitedfamilyinJuárez.ItwasalsoduringtheseyearsthatIstartedgoingouttopartyinJuárez.Growingupontheborderisprettyspecial.Thankstomybiculturalupbringing,IlearnedtoenjoyandappreciatebothsidesofmewithouteverquestioningwhoIam,becausethetruthisthatIneedbothofthoserelationshipsandculturalidentitiestofeelcomplete.24.Whatdoweknowabouttheauthor’supbringingbackground?A.HewasborninCiudadJuarez,Mexico.B.HeattendedschoolintheUSfromayoungage.C.HisparentswerebothbornandraisedinMexico.D.Heshowedhisbilingualabilitytohisclassmatesatschool.25.WhohelpedtheauthorlearntoreadandwriteinSpanish?A.Hisgrandparents. B.Hisparents. C.Histeachers. D.Hisfriends.26.WhydoestheauthormentiontheSpanishTVseriesandAmericanseries?A.TocontrastthetwostylesofTVseries.B.Toillustratetheauthor'swideinterests.C.Toprovetheauthorfitsintobothcultureswell.D.Toshowgrandmaandtheauthorhavethesamehobbies.27.Howdoestheauthorfeelabouthisbiculturalidentity?A.Proud. B.Confused. C.Worried. D.Awkward【語篇解讀】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了作者的雙文化教育，作者學(xué)會了享受和欣賞兩種關(guān)系和文化，作者對自己的雙重文化身份感到自豪?！即鸢浮?4.B25.A26.C27.A24．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段“Shedidn’tmovetotheUSuntilshehadme,whenshewas28.MyfirstlanguagewasSpanish,butmyparentsdidnotwantmeinbilingualclasses.So,instead,itwasallEnglishformeatschool.(直到她28歲生下我，她才搬到美國。我的第一語言是西班牙語，但我父母不希望我上雙語班。所以，相反，我在學(xué)校都是英語)”可知，作者的母親在作者出生后來到了美國，作者從小就在美國上學(xué)。故選B。25．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Ialsospentalotoftimewithmymaternalgrandparents,wholivedinJuárezandyoucouldsayhelpedraiseandshapewhoIamtoday.It'sthankstothemthatIperfectedmySpanish,learnedtoreadandwriteinthatlanguage—despitenevertakingclasses—andfellinlovewithmyMexicanculturebytravelingtoMexicoCityandaroundthecountry.(我也花了很多時(shí)間和我的外祖父母在一起，他們住在Juárez，你可以說他們幫助培養(yǎng)和塑造了今天的我。多虧了他們，我完善了西班牙語，學(xué)會了用西班牙語閱讀和寫作——盡管從未上過課——并通過去墨西哥城和全國各地旅行而愛上了墨西哥文化。)”可知，作者的祖父母幫助作者學(xué)習(xí)西班牙語閱讀和寫作。故選A。26．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段“Alongwithbeingbilingualcameasenseofhavingadoubleidentity.IenjoyedwatchingSpanishTVserieswithmygrandmaasmuchasAmericanseriessuchasTheAmandaShow.Andthesamewentformusic.IlovedlisteningtoSpanishsingers,asmuchasAmericanpopsingers.(雙語帶來了雙重身份的感覺。我喜歡和奶奶一起看西班牙電視劇，也喜歡看美國電視劇，比如《阿曼達(dá)秀》。音樂也是如此。我喜歡聽西班牙歌手的歌，也喜歡聽美國流行歌手的歌。)”可知，作者提到了西班牙電視劇和美劇是為了證明作者能很好地融入兩種文化。故選C。27．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Growingupontheborderisprettyspecial.Thankstomybiculturalupbringing,IlearnedtoenjoyandappreciatebothsidesofmewithouteverquestioningwhoIam,becausethetruthisthatIneedbothofthoserelationshipsandculturalidentitiestofeelcomplete.(在邊境長大是很特別的。由于我的雙文化教育，我學(xué)會了享受和欣賞我的兩面，而從不質(zhì)疑我是誰，因?yàn)槭聦?shí)是，我需要這兩種關(guān)系和文化身份來感到完整。)”可知，作者對自己的雙重文化身份感到自豪。故選A。CItcouldhappenanywhereatanytime.It’softenunexpected,butalmostneverunappreciated.Mostpeoplehavebeenonthereceivingarandomactofkindness—themomentwhenacompletestrangerstopstoofferaid,generosityorcompassion.Inasometimescoldworldwherepeoplecanbesofocusedonwhatthey’redoing,arandomactofkindnesscanmakeallthedifference.Theycanberelativelyinsignificant.HannahBaileyfromLondon,forexample,toldtheMetronewspaperabouthowshewasgivenherfruitandvegetableshoppingforfree.Thesellerdidherakindnesswhenitemergedshedidn’thaveanychangetopay.Shewashappyaboutitallday.ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled“caffesospeso”.Whenbuyingcoffee,apersonwhohasrecentlybeenluckywouldpurchasetwocupsbutonlydrinkone,leavingthesecondoneoutofthegoodnessoftheirheart,forapoorpersontoclaimforfree.Thistraditionisnowmorecommonworldwide.However,insomecases,theselittleactscanbeamatteroflifeanddeath.Take,forexample,theunnamedcommuter,whoinJune2018felloffastationplatformontoanelectricrailwaytrackinToronto,Canada.Aquick-thinking,butevennowunknown,bystanderselflesslyleaptdowntopullhimtosafety.OrJonnyBenjamin,whoinLondonin2008waspersuadednottocommitsuicidebyapasser-by.Hehadbeenconsideringjumpingfromabridge.HelaterfoundtheGoodSamaritanandthankedhim.Hemayonedayfindawaytopayhimbackinkind—thoughthat’snotthepoint.So,whydoit?Often,theactsaren’tpaidback.Thepeoplenevermeetagain.AccordingtoUKcharityTheMentalHealthFoundation,actslikethesecan“giveourlivesnewpurpose,showusotherperspectivesonourownproblemsandevenmakeusfeeleuphoric.”Sogiveitatry.Holdopenadoorforsomeone,deliveracomplimentevengiveupyourseatonabus.Helpsomeonewhoisinneed.Ittakesallkinds.Itneedn’tbeanythinghuge.Oneday,whetheryouneeditornot,someonemighthelpyouinyourhourofneed.28.HowdidHannahBaileyfeelaftershereceivedarandomactofkindness?A.Shewaspleasedaboutitfortherestoftheday. B.Shewasshamedaboutitallday.C.Shewantedtopaybackthemoney. D.Shethoughtitinsignificant.29.Whathappenstothesecondcoffeeina“caffesospeso”?A.Itiswastedafterthemanleft. B.Itisleftatthecafetobedonatedtoapoorperson.C.Itisforthecommuteronly. D.Itcanonlybedrunkatthecafeshop.30.AccordingtotheMentalHealthFoundation,whydopeoplecommitrandomactsofkindness?A.Theyhelpusearnmoremoney.B.Theycanaddupsomegoodreputationtous.C.Theygiveourlivesnewpurposeandafeelingofpleasure.D.Theymakeproblemsforus.31.Whatisthemeaningoftheunderlinedwordinparagraph6?A.Ambitious. B.Sorrowful. C.Awkward. D.Delighted.【語篇解讀】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過一些贈人玫瑰手有余香的小故事，告訴我們一個(gè)善意的舉動有時(shí)候在幫助別人的同時(shí)，還會給自己帶來快樂和幸福，也讓自己的人生有新的意義。〖答案〗28.A29.B30.C31.D28．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“HannahBaileyfromLondon,forexample,toldtheMetronewspaperabouthowshewasgivenherfruitandvegetableshoppingforfree.Thesellerdidherakindnesswhenitemergedshedidn’thaveanychangetopay.Shewashappyaboutitallday.(例如，來自倫敦的漢娜·貝利告訴《都市報(bào)》，她是如何免費(fèi)買到水果和蔬菜的。當(dāng)她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己沒有零錢支付時(shí)，賣家?guī)土怂粋€(gè)忙。她為此高興了一整天。)”可知，漢娜·貝利(HannahBailey)在收到一個(gè)隨意的善舉后，一整天都感到很高興。故選A。29．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“ThecityofNapleshaslonghadatraditioncalled“caffesospeso”.Whenbuyingcoffee,apersonwhohasrecentlybeenluckywouldpurchasetwocupsbutonlydrinkone,leavingthesecondoneoutofthegoodnessoftheirheart,forapoorpersontoclaimforfree.(那不勒斯市長期以來一直有一種叫做“caffesospeso”的傳統(tǒng)。買咖啡的時(shí)候，一個(gè)最近運(yùn)氣好的人會買兩杯咖啡，但只喝一杯，把第二杯出于好心留給一個(gè)窮人，讓他免費(fèi)喝。)”可知，第二杯咖啡被留在咖啡館捐贈給窮人。故選B。30．〖解析〗細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第六段“AccordingtoUKcharityTheMentalHealthFoundation,actslikethesecan“giveourlivesnewpurpose,showusotherperspectivesonourownproblemsandevenmakeusfeeleuphoric.”(根據(jù)英國慈善機(jī)構(gòu)心理健康基金會的說法，這樣的行為可以“給我們的生活帶來新的目標(biāo)，讓我們從另一個(gè)角度看待自己的問題，甚至讓我們感到euphoric。”)”可知，它們給我們的生活新的目標(biāo)和快樂的感覺。故選C。31．〖解析〗詞句猜測題。根據(jù)上文“AccordingtoUKcharityTheMentalHealthFoundation,actslikethesecan“giveourlivesnewpurpose,showusotherperspectivesonourownproblems…”(根據(jù)英國慈善機(jī)構(gòu)心理健康基金會的說法，這樣的行為可以“給我們的生活帶來新的目標(biāo)，讓我們從另一個(gè)角度看待自己的問題…)”可推知，這樣的行為給我們的生活新的目標(biāo)和快樂的感覺，由此可知，euphoric意為“快樂的”，和D項(xiàng)：Delighted（高興的）意思接近。故選D。DAccordingtoastudypublishedthisweek,habitualnapping(打盹)appearstobeassociatedwithalargebrainvolumeinadultsalthoughexpertsstressedthatfurtherresearchwasneeded.Itreducesthecostcausedfromthelosttimeandthefatigue-relatederrors.Theworkfollowedpreviousstudiesthatsuggestedabriefdozecouldimprovepeople’sabilitytolearn.AriannaHuffington,aco-founderofHuffPostandthefounderandchiefexecutiveofThriveGlobal,said,“Giventhelatestscienceontheeffectivenessofnappingandtheclearlinkbetweenemployeesfeelingwellrestedandtheirproductivity,it’slongpasttimethatbusinessesembraceshortnapsatwork.”Somebusinesses,includingThriveGlobal,havealreadyintroducedfacilitiesforemployeestotakenaps.Googleintroducedsleeppodsasfarbackas2014andcompanieslikeNikeandBen&Jerry’sintroducednaprooms.ThepracticehasevenbeenadoptedbytheNHS,withagrowingnumberofhospitalsintroducingsleeppodsforstaffinanefforttohelpthemgetmorerest.Employees,itseems,areenthusiastic.SeanGreenwood,ofBen&Jerry’s,said,“Ifaquicknapgetsemployeesmoreinvolvedandcreative,we’rehappytoprovidethatforourteammembers.”Unfortunately,thepracticeofnappingstillsuffersfromourcollectiveconceptthatsleepequalsweaknessandlaziness.However,theperformance-enhancingbenefitsofnapshavebeennosecrettomanyleadersthroughouthistory.Italsogivesthehigher-upsthechancetoacknowledgethe24/7cultureandcomeupwithtop-downsolutionsthatencourageworkerstotakecareofthemselvesinandoutofwork.Whilesleepexpertsstressedthatadaytimedozecouldbebeneficial,theysaiditwascrucialtogetenoughshut-eyeattheendofaday.Itisthelatestageofsleep,sometimesmissedbyearlyrisers,thatstrengthensthenervecircuitsthatmakeforlearningandmemory,allowingthebraintomakeandconsolidatenewneutralconnections.Additionally,prioritizingsufficientsleepduringtheregularnightlysleepperiodisessentialforoverallwell-being.32.Whatisparagraph1mainlyabout?A.Workstress. B.Learningabilities.C.Aresearchfinding. D.Thebrainvolume.33.WhatisAriannaHuffington’sattitudetowardnapping?A.Dismissive. B.Approving.C.Unclear. D.Critical.34.Whyaresomanycompaniesmentionedinthepassage?A.Toadvocateenoughrest. B.Topraisecreativeemployees.C.Tocomparethedifferences. D.Topresentthecurrentsituation.35.Whatwillpossiblybediscussedintheparagraphthatfollows?A.Theapproachestoshut-eye. B.Theimportanceofnapping.C.Thesecretstowell-being. D.Thebenefitsofmemory.【語篇解讀】本文是一篇說明文。文章講述了午睡可以提高成年人的大腦容量，并有助于改善學(xué)習(xí)能力。許多企業(yè)已經(jīng)開始提供員工午睡的設(shè)施，員工認(rèn)為這很有幫助。然而，午睡仍然在集體觀念中受到誤解，被認(rèn)為是弱點(diǎn)和懶散的表現(xiàn)。睡眠專家指出，午睡確實(shí)對健康有益，但還是要優(yōu)先保證晚上足夠的睡眠?！即鸢浮?2.C33.B34.D35.A32．〖解析〗主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Accordingtoastudypublishedthisweek,habitualnapping(打盹)appearstobeassociatedwithalargebrainvolumeinadultsalthoughexpertsstressedthatfurtherresearchwasneeded.Itreducesthecostcausedfromthelosttimeandthefatigue-relatederrors.Theworkfollowedpreviousstudiesthatsuggestedabriefdozecouldimprovepeople’sabilitytolearn.(根據(jù)本周發(fā)表的一項(xiàng)研究，經(jīng)常打盹似乎與成年人大腦體積增大有關(guān)，盡管專家強(qiáng)調(diào)還需要進(jìn)一步研究。打盹可以減少由于失去時(shí)間和疲勞導(dǎo)致的錯(cuò)誤成本。該項(xiàng)研究跟隨之前的研究，表明短時(shí)間小睡可以改善人們的學(xué)習(xí)能力)”可知，本段主要講述了一項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)。故選C項(xiàng)。33．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段“AriannaHuffington,aco-founderofHuffPostandthefounderandchiefexecutiveofThriveGlobal,said,“Giventhelatestscienceontheeffectivenessofnappingandtheclearlinkbetweenemployeesfeelingwellrestedandtheirproductivity,it’slongpasttimethatbusinessesembraceshortnapsatwork.”(HuffPost的聯(lián)合創(chuàng)始人、ThriveGlobal創(chuàng)始人兼首席執(zhí)行官AriannaHuffington表示：“考慮到最新的有關(guān)小睡效果的科學(xué)研究以及員工感覺煥發(fā)精神和生產(chǎn)力的明顯聯(lián)系，使企業(yè)接受在工作中短暫的小睡早就到了應(yīng)該的時(shí)候?！?”可推知，AriannaHuffington認(rèn)為企業(yè)接受在工作中短暫的小睡早就到了應(yīng)該的時(shí)候，所以是贊同的。故選B項(xiàng)。34．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Somebusinesses,includingThriveGlobal,havealreadyintroducedfacilitiesforemployeestotakenaps.Googleintroducedsleeppodsasfarbackas2014andcompanieslikeNikeandBen&Jerry’sintroducednaprooms.ThepracticehasevenbeenadoptedbytheNHS,withagrowingnumberofhospitalsintroducingsleeppodsforstaffinanefforttohelpthemgetmorerest.Employees,itseems,areenthusiastic.SeanGreenwood,ofBen&Jerry’s,said,“Ifaquicknapgetsemployeesmoreinvolvedandcreative,we’rehappytoprovidethatforourteammembers.”(ThriveGlobal等企業(yè)已經(jīng)提供員工小睡設(shè)施。早在2014年，谷歌就推出了睡眠艙，而Nike和Ben＆Jerry’s等公司也推出了小睡室。連NHS也采納了這種做法，越來越多的醫(yī)院為員工提供小睡艙，以幫助他們獲得更多的休息時(shí)間。員工們似乎很熱衷于這種做法。Ben＆Jerry’s公司的SeanGreenwood說：“如果短暫小睡可以讓員工更有參與感和創(chuàng)造力，我們很樂意為我們的團(tuán)隊(duì)成員提供這種服務(wù)?！?”可推知，文章中提到了這么多公司，是為了呈現(xiàn)當(dāng)前的情況，也就是很多公司都已允許員工短暫小睡。故選D項(xiàng)。35．〖解析〗推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Whilesleepexpertsstressedthatadaytimedozecouldbebeneficial,theysaiditwascrucialtogetenoughshut-eyeattheendofaday.Itisthelatestageofsleep,sometimesmissedbyearlyrisers,thatstrengthensthenervecircuitsthatmakeforlearningandmemory,allowingthebraintomakeandconsolidatenewneutralconnections.Additionally,prioritizingsufficientsleepduringtheregularnightlysleepperiodisessentialforoverallwell-being.(盡管睡眠專家強(qiáng)調(diào)白天小睡可能有益，但他們表示，重要的是在一天結(jié)束時(shí)獲得足夠的睡眠。通常被早期起床者忽視的深度睡眠階段增強(qiáng)了構(gòu)建學(xué)習(xí)和記憶的神經(jīng)回路，允許大腦建立和鞏固新的中性連接。此外，在日常睡眠周期中優(yōu)先保證充足的睡眠對整體健康至關(guān)重要)”可知，本段講述了雖然白天小睡可能有益，但是更重要的是保證充足的睡眠。由此推知，接下來應(yīng)是講述保證充足睡眠的方法，也就是睡眠的方法。故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文,從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填人空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Somepalsan