Unit+4+Adversity+and+courage+Learning+About+Language++詞匯講解課件【高效課堂精研】高中英語人教版（2019）選擇性必修第三冊

XB3Unit4ADVERSITYANDCOURAGEWordsandexpressions

SectionIILearningAboutLanguage?

??

?cruel/?kru??l/adj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的【教材原句】

LifewascrueltoOliverwhenhewasyoung.奧利弗小時候，生活對他很殘酷。Somepeoplechoosenottoeatmeatbecausetheybelievethatit

is

cruel

to

animals.【派生】（2）cruelly

adv.殘忍地；殘酷地cruelty

n.

殘忍；殘酷【固搭】（1）becruelto

對……殘忍becrueltobekind

為使其受益而嚴格要求有些人選擇不吃肉，因為他們認為吃肉對動物太殘忍了。單句語法填空①Thedeliberate故意的

cruelty

?

（cruel）ofhiswordscutherlikeaknife.②Thetramp流浪漢

hadbeen

cruelly

?

（cruel）treatedbeforesheadoptedhim.

完成句子③Ican’tputupwithpeople

who/thatarecrueltoanimals

?.

我不能容忍對動物殘忍的人。crueltycruellywho/thatarecrueltoanimalscrueladj.殘酷的；殘忍的；冷酷的【派生】（2）cruelly

adv.殘忍地；殘酷地cruelty

n.

殘忍；殘酷【固搭】（1）becruelto

對……殘忍?

?unfortunately/?n?f??t??n?tli/

adv.不幸地；遺憾地【教材原句】

Unfortunately，hisapplicationwasturneddownbecausehewastooyoungandnot

qualifiedenough.

不幸的是，他的申請被拒絕了，因為他太年輕，資質不夠。fortune

n.【U】機遇；運氣(chance,luck)；【C】大筆錢，巨款fortunate

adj.幸運的--fortunately

adv.幸運地--unfortunateadj.不幸的【佳句】

①Unfortunately，hesubmittedhimselftothetemporary暫時的

difficultyandhedidn’tachievehisgoal.不幸的是，他屈服于暫時的困難，沒有實現(xiàn)他的目標。②Wehadtoeatoutallthetime.Itendedupcostingafortune.我們不得不總在外面吃飯，結果花了很多錢。submitoneselfto(It)endupdoingsth單句語法填空①Theyoungmanresolvedto

seekhis

fortune

?

（fortunate）inthatcity，butinvain徒勞無功.②Iwaslate，but

fortunately

?

（fortune）themeetinghadn’tstarted.完成句子③

Iamfortunatetohavesuchapreciousopportunity/chance

?

toserveasavolunteerintheactivity.

我很幸運有這樣一次寶貴的機會在活動中擔任志愿者。Iamfortunatetohavesuchapreciousopportunity/chancefortunefortunatelyresolvetodo決心做某事seekone’sfortune尋找發(fā)跡的機會；尋出路makea/one’sfortune[C]發(fā)財;賺大錢learningaboutlanguageP40-41crew/kru?/[集合名詞]cruel/?kru??l/(to)-cruelly-crueltythorough/?θ?r?/(adj.)-thoroughlyfurniture/?f??n?t??(r)/[U/C]fortunately/?f??t??n?tli/unfortunately/?n?f??t??n?tli/bark/bɑ?k/(at)rugby/?r?ɡbi/bat/b?t/damp/d?mp/recreation/?rekri?e???n/-recreationalguidance/?ɡa?d(?)ns/-guidenephew/?nefju?/-nieceadvertise/??dv?ta?z/（+ment/er）advertising/??dv?ta?z??/corporate/?k??p?r?t/thorough/?θ?r?/

adj.深入的；徹底的；細致的thoroughly

adv.

徹底地；完全地

crew/kru?/[集合名詞+v.sing/pl]

n.(輪船、飛機等上面的)全體工作人員；專業(yè)團隊；一群人crewmember(s)

furniture/?f??n?t??(r)/

n.[U]家具

apieceof/anitemoffurniture一件家具

furnish

vt.

為……配備家具

furnish…with…【主動】/befurnishedwith…【被動】

furnished

adj.配備家具的

afullyfurnishedroom配備齊全的房間

bark/bɑ?k/

vi.&n.(狗)吠叫;吠叫聲;樹皮Thedogsuddenlystartedbarkingat

us.

rugby

n.橄欖球運動bat

/b?t/

n.球拍；蝙蝠v.拍打；用球板擊球Hebatsverywell.他擅長擊球。Who'sbattingfirstfortheOrioles?誰代表金鶯隊第一個出場擊球？InChinesefolklorethebatisasymbolofgoodfortune.

在中國民間傳說中，蝙蝠是好運的象征。Thisboyhasabaseballbat.damp/d?mp/

adj.潮濕的；濕氣重的Idon'tlikeadampweather.

我不喜歡潮濕的天氣。Thedampairmakesmyoldboneshurt.

潮濕的空氣令我的老骨頭受到了傷害。recreation

n.【U】娛樂；消遣；【C】娛樂活動；游戲recreational

adj.娛樂的，消遣的

theneedtoimprovefacilitiesforleisureandrecreation

改進消遣娛樂設施之必要Hisrecreationsincludegolf,footballandshooting.他的娛樂活動包括打高爾夫球、踢足球和射擊。occupationn.[C]消遣，業(yè)余活動；工作，職業(yè)guidance

n.指導；引導；導航

guide

vt.指導，引導

n.導游，向導；指南，手冊(guidebook)

underone’sguidance＝undertheguidanceofsb.在某人的指導下nephew/?nefju?/

n.侄子；外甥

niece/ni?s/

n.侄女，外甥女advertising/??dv?ta?z??/

n.廣告活動；廣告業(yè)radio/TVadvertising廣播/電視廣告Agoodadvertisingcampaignwillincreaseoursales.advertise/??dv?ta?z/

v.公布；宣傳；做廣告

=putanadvertisement

/?d?v??t?sm?nt/n.

廣告advertiser/??dv?ta?z?(r)/

n.廣告商corporate/?k??p?r?t/

adj.公司的；法人的；社團的corporatefinance公司的財務

corporateidentity(=theimageofacompany,thatallitsmembersshare)

公司形象acorporatebody法人團體corporateresponsibility

共同的責任cooperate/co-operatev.合作；協(xié)作learningaboutlanguageP40-41crew[集合名詞]cruel(to)-crueltythorough/?θ?r?/furniture-furnish-furnishedfortunately-fortuneunfortunately/?n?f??t??n?tli/bark/bɑ?k/rugby/?r?ɡbi/bat/b?t/damp/d?mp/recreation-recreationalguidance-guidenephew-nieceadvertise(+er/ment)advertising/??dv?ta?z??/corporate/?k??p?r?t/SectionIIUsingLanguagegiveup戒除；放棄；讓出giveaway不小心透露，泄露；贈送，免費給予giveout

分配，分發(fā)；（食物、燃料、力氣等）用光，精疲力竭givein（to...）

（向……）屈服，投降，讓步；提出，上交giveback

歸還giveontosth

有某物的景致；朝向某物(giveupon,lookoutupon)giveover（doingsth）停止做某事?

?give

off

放出（熱、光、氣味或氣體）③Theauthoritiesshowednosignsofgiving

in

tothekidnapper’sdemands.

屈服?完成句子④Withgreatperseverance，Iwillnever

giveinto

?anyhardship.Neither

willIgiveupmydream

?ofbeingadmittedtoPekingUniversity.

憑著極大的毅力，我決不向任何困難屈服。我也不會放棄被北京大學錄取的夢想。（否定副詞放句首，句子部分倒裝）屈服②Allofusconsiderhimagenuineperson，andtherefore，hewon’tgive

awayoursecret.

泄露?泄露giveintowillIgiveupmydream語境辨義①Althoughhewasamanfullofvigour，hisstrengthstillgave

out

becauseoftoomuchwork.

精疲力竭

?精疲力竭【寫美】

完成句子③ItooktheCollegeEntranceExaminationand

committedmyselftogetting

?intocollege.

我參加了高考，并決心進入大學。④Ifyou

commityourselftoyourstudy

?，you’llsucceedoneday.

如果你專注于自己的學業(yè)，終有一天你會取得成功。committedmyselftogettingcommityourselftoyourstudy①Hewasagoodmanwhowas

committed

?

（commit）tohisfamilyaswellastohiswork.②Ifyouareseriousaboutourrelationship，youshouldmakea

commitment

?

（commit）.committedcommitmentbecommittedto致力于commitoneselfto(doing)致力于?

?commitment

/k??m?tm?nt/n.承諾；保證；奉獻【教材原句】Andhepaidusbackbyhiscommitmenttosaveusfrom

aslowbutpainfuldeath.他用他的承諾回報了我們——把我們從緩慢而痛苦的死亡線上拯救回來。【派生】commitvt.(-tt-)

犯罪；做錯事；保證；承諾committed

adj.

盡心盡力的；盡責的;堅定的，堅信的(OPP.un~)【固搭】（1）makeacommitment（todosth）

作出承諾（做某事）commitoneselfto(doing)sth專心致志于（做）某事；承諾/保證（做）某事becommittedto（doing）sth

承諾/全身心地投入（做）某事重點句型解構?

?句型公式：keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語：使...怎么樣【教材原句】Our

disciplin/?d?s?pl?n/紀律andteamspirit

kept

us

optimisticandhelpedusdealwithourfearsinapositiveandsuccessfulway.紀律和團隊精神使我們保持樂觀，并幫助我們積極成功地應對恐懼感。在keep復合結構（keep＋賓語＋賓語補足語）中，可以用作賓語補足語的有動詞-ing形式、過去分詞、形容詞、副詞以及介詞短語。

①Thechallengingpuzzle拼圖；謎

kept

her

thinkingforhours，butshestillcouldn’tfindtheanswer.②Pleasekeep

your

hands

behind

your

back.單句語法填空①Itisnecessarythatwekeeptheyounggeneration

informed

?

（inform）of通知thecurrent現(xiàn)在、當前的affairs事務，事宜.②Thequestionkeptme

wondering

?

（wonder）fortherestofthenight一整晚.③Hekeptthedoor

locked

?

（lock）alldaywhilehewasaway.informedwonderinglocked完成句子④Itcanpreventusfrom

gettingshort-sightedanditcan

keepusphysicallyhealthy

?.

它能夠使我們免于近視，而且能使我們保持身體健康。keepusphysicallyhealthyUsinglangugaeP42-45rough/r?f/-roughlynavigator/?n?v?ɡe?t?(r)/-navigate(vt.)-navigation(n.)

loyal/?l???l/-loyaltymotor/?m??t?(r)/candidate/?k?nd?d?t/makefiregiveoffepisode/?ep?s??d/commit(todoing)-committed(todoing)-commitmentmotive/?m??t?v/(for)-motivate-motivationConfucianism/k?n?fju???n?z?m/rough/r?f/

adj.洶涌的；粗糙的；粗略的roughly

adv.大約，大致，差不多；粗糙地；粗暴地

Roughlyspeaking,wereceiveaboutfiftylettersaweekonthesubject.粗略地說navigator

n.領航員；航行者navigate

v.導航；確定（船、飛機、汽車等）的位置和方向

航行；航海；橫渡navigation

n.航行，導航loyal

adj.忠誠的；忠實的

loyalty

n.

忠誠

aloyalfriend/supporter

忠實的朋友/支持者beloyaltosb對……忠誠motor

/?m??t?(r)/

n.發(fā)動機；馬達

adj.有引擎的；機動車的motorvehicles

機動車輛amotoraccident

機動車事故motorbike=motorcyclen.摩托車candidate

/?k?nd?d?t/

n.候選人；應試者apresidentialcandidate

總統(tǒng)候選人acandidate

forsth某職位的候選人She'stheperfectcandidateforthejob.makefire

生火makeafire生火[fire(C)火災，灶火]著火，開始燃燒：catch/takefirebe

on

fire

縱火/點火燒某物：setsthonfire/setfiretosthplay