貴州省遵義市高三“命題能力提升”培訓(xùn)模擬試命題

遵義市2021屆高三“命題能力提升”培訓(xùn)模擬試命題時(shí)間：100分鐘滿分：120分第二部分閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AChinanowhas52sitesincludedontheUNESCOWorldHeritagelist,someofwhichmaygiveyousomecluesonyournexttravelplan.MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorTheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorislocatedinLinTongCounty,nearXi’ancity,capitalofShanxiprovince.Atotalof8,000lifesizeterracottawarriors,chariotsandhorses,andhundredsofbronzeweaponshavebeenunearthedfromit.Itisbelievedthatitisamajorarchaeologicalfind,calledtheeighthwonderoftheworld,parallelingEgypt’spyramids.Kulangsu,aHistoricInternationalSettlementKulangyuIsland,knowninthelocaldialectasKulangsu,islocatedontheentryoftheJiulongRiver,facingthecityofXiamen,influencedbyWesterncultureinthe19thcentury,especiallymusic.WithsuchaharmoniousblendofWesternmusicandEasternculture,Gulangyuisnaturallyreferredtoasthe“islandofmusic”.QinghaiHohXilHohXil,locatedinthenortheasternendoftheQinghaiTibetanPlateauisChina’slargestandtheworld’sthirdlargestuninhabitedarea.HohXil,withhighaltitudeandfierceweather,nopeopletolivethere,isaparadiseforwildlifeandhometomorethan230speciesofwildanimalsincludingendangeredspeciessuchastheTibetanantelope.HuangshanMountainHuangshan,knownas“theloveliestmountainofChina”,liesinthesouthofAnhuiprovinceineasternChina.Thescenicareacovers154sqkm,famousforitspeaks,rocks,pines,cloudsandsprings,witharichculturalheritage.1.WherewillyougoifyouareinterestedinhistoryduringyourstayinXi’an?A.QinghaiHohXil. B.Kulangsu. C.Mausoleum. D.Huangshan.2.WhatisspecialforKulangsuparedwiththeotherthreeWorldHeritagesmentionedinthepassage?A.Itsbeautifulscenery.B.ItsvalueinArcheology.C.Itsuniquenaturallivingenvironmentforwildlife.D.ItsmixtureofWesternmusicandEasternculture.3.Wheremaythepassagebetakenfrom?A.Asciencefiction.B.Ahistorytextbook.C.Atravelguidebook.D.Anentertainmentmagazine.【答案】1.C2.D3.C【解析】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了秦始皇陵、鼓浪嶼、青海可可西里、黃山四個(gè)列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄的遺址的情況?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperor景點(diǎn)的介紹中“TheMausoleumoftheFirstQinEmperorislocatedinLinTongCounty,nearXi’ancity”可知，秦始皇陵位于西安附近。如果你在西安逗留期間并且對(duì)歷史感興趣，應(yīng)該會(huì)去參觀秦始皇陵。故選C?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Kulangsu,aHistoricInternationalSettlement景點(diǎn)的介紹中“WithsuchaharmoniousblendofWesternmusicandEasternculture,Gulangyuisnaturallyreferredtoasthe‘islandofmusic’”可知，鼓浪嶼是西方音樂和東方文化的融合。故選D。【3題詳解】推理判斷題。文章第一段提到“…maygiveyousomecluesonyournexttravelplan”，下文介紹了中國的四個(gè)列入世界遺產(chǎn)名錄的遺址。由此可以推斷，該文章應(yīng)該來自于旅游指南。故選C。B“TomorrowwewillseetheGoldenGateBridge,”saidPeter.“Ihaveneverseenagoldenbridgebefore.”Peter'sfathersmiled,butsaidnothing.Thenextmorning,hisfathertookPetertothebridge.Peterfirstsawitfromfaraway.Howbigitlooked!Butthenhesawthebridgewasred!“Thebridgeisn'tgolden!”hesaid.“WhyisitcalledtheGoldenGateBridge?”“Itisn'tnamedforitscolor,”saidhisfather.“ItisnamedfortheGoldenGate.”“WhatistheGoldenGate?”askedPeter.“Agateiseitheranopening,orthethingthatclosestheopening,”saidhisfather.“TheGoldenGateisanopeningintheland.WaterfromtheseaesthroughthisopeningintoSanFranciscoBay.”“Oh,”saidPeter.“Andthebridgegoesovertheopening.ButwhyistheopeningcalledtheGoldenGate?”“YearsagomencametoCaliforniatolookforgold,”hisfathersaid.“Manycamebyship.Theycameintothebaythroughthatopening.Forthemitwasagatetogold.TheynamedittheGoldenGate.”“Well,”saidPeter,“Istillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden.”Whengettinghome,hesentalettertoaCaliforniapaper.hesaid:”RedisnottherightcolorfortheGoldenGateBridge.Thebridgeshouldlookgolden,thewaymostpeoplethinkitdoes.”Petersent$14.78withhisletter.“Themoneyistohelppaintthebridgegold,”hewrote.ManypeoplereadPeter'sletterinthenewspaperandthingsbegantohappen!Somepeoplesentmoney.Abigpanygaverealgoldtomakegoldpaint.Apaintpanymadethepaint.Butsomepeoplestillwantedthebridgetobered!WilltheGoldenGateBridgeeverbegolden?Itwill,ifenoughpeoplefeelasPeterdoes.Howdoyoufeelaboutit?4.Whydidfathersmilewhenhearinghisson’swords?A.Hissonhadneverseenaredbridgebefore.B.Hissonwastoodelightedtovisitthebridge.C.Hissonwasabouttoseethebridgetomorrow.D.Hissonmisunderstoodthecolorofthebridge.5.WhatistheGoldenGateBridgenamedfor?A.Thecolorofthebridge.B.Theshapeofthebridge.C.Thelocationofthebridge.D.Thefunctionofthebridge.6.Accordingtothepassage,whatdidPeterfeelwhenhisfathertoldhimtheoriginoftheGoldenGateBridge?A.Astonished. B.Puzzled.C.Determined. D.Frustrated.7.WhatdidpeopledoafterreadingPeter’sletter？A.Afirmmadeagoldpaintbyusingrealgold.B.Thegovernmentpaintedthebridgegolden.C.Somepeoplewereagainstthechangeofthecolor.D.Somepeopleraisedmoneyforthegoldenbridge.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.C【解析】本文是記敘文。Peter覺得金門大橋應(yīng)該是金色的，不應(yīng)該是紅色的。于是寫信到報(bào)社，并寄了錢，認(rèn)為應(yīng)該把這座橋漆成金色的。對(duì)Peter的做法，有人支持，有人還是認(rèn)為不應(yīng)該改變橋的顏色?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。兒子Peter說“Ihaveneverseenagoldenbridgebefore.”Peter原以為金門大橋就是金色；下文提到“Butthenhesawthebridgewasred!”看到大橋后，發(fā)現(xiàn)橋是紅色的。因此父親對(duì)Peter說的“agoldenbridge”笑而不答，是因?yàn)镻eter誤解了橋的顏色。故選D。【5題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。Peter的父親解釋金門大橋名稱的由來“ItisnamedfortheGoldenGate.”“TheGoldenGateisanopeningintheland.WaterfromtheseaesthroughthisopeningintoSanFranciscoBay.”大橋因?yàn)榻痖T而得名；而金門是陸地上的一個(gè)開口，海水從這里流入舊金山灣。因此金門大橋以橋的功能而命名。故選D。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。在聽父親解釋金門大橋名稱的來由后，Peter說“Istillthinkthebridgeshouldlookgolden”，他還是覺得這座橋看起來應(yīng)該是金色的。由此可以推斷，Peter對(duì)金門大橋名稱的由來還是感到困惑不解。故選B。7題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。人們?cè)趫?bào)紙上看到Peter的信后，有些人寄錢，或用實(shí)際行動(dòng)表示支持；文章中提到“Butsomepeoplestillwantedthebridgetobered!”有些人還是希望橋是紅色的，反對(duì)改變橋的顏色。故選C。CThesixthmassextinctionoflifeontheEarthisunfoldingmorequicklythanfeared,scientistshavewarned.Morethan30percentofanimalswithabackbone—fish,birds,amphibians,reptilesandmammals—aredeclininginbothrangeandpopulation,accordingtothefirstprehensiveanalysisofthesetrends.Aroundadecadeago,expertsfearedthatanewrangewipeoutofspecieswasappearing.Today,mostagreethatitisunderway—butthenewstudysuggeststhatthedieoutisalreadygrowingfast.Thelossofbiodiversityhasrecentlyaccelerated.Severalspeciesofmammalsthatwererelativelysafeoneortwodecadesagoarenowendangered,includingcheetahs,lionsandgiraffes,thestudyshowed.Thereisnomysteryastowhy:ourowneverexpandingspecies—whichhasmorethandoubledinnumbersince1960to7.4billion—iseatingcrowdingandpollutingitsplanetarycohabitantsoutofexistence.Byparison,thereareasfewas20,000lionsleftinthewild,lessthan7,000cheetahs,500to1,000giantpandas.Themaindriversofwildlifedeclinearehabitatloss,overconsumption,pollution,otherspecies,disease,aswellashuntinginthecaseoftigers,elephants,rhinosandotherlargeanimalsprizedfortheirbodyparts.Climatechangeisthoughttobeeamajorthreatintheingdecades,withsomeanimals—mostfamouslypolarbears—alreadyindeclineduetorisingtemperaturesandchangingweatherpatterns.8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underway”inParagraph2mean?A.Doing. B.Ongoing.C.Increasing. D.Keeping.9.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?A.Theextinctionreasonsofthewildanimals.B.Thedisappearanceofthewildanimalsisapproaching.C.Theextinctionofthewildanimalsisbeingfaster.D.Therisingtemperaturesleadtotheextinctionofthewildanimals.10.Whichwordbestdescribesthesituationsofthewildanimalsmentionedinthepassage?A.Protected. B.Endangered.C.fortable. D.Wonderful.11.Whatisthemainreasonthatthepolarbearsmaydisappear?A.Climatechange. B.Humans’hunting.C.Lossoflivingareas. D.Variousillnesses.【答案】8.B9.C10.B11.A【解析】本文是說明文，科學(xué)家警告：全球野生動(dòng)物第六次大滅絕的速度比預(yù)期的還要快，文章分析了這種現(xiàn)象發(fā)生的原因，其中氣候變化被認(rèn)為是未來主要威脅因素?！?題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段“Aroundadecadeago,expertsfearedthatanewrangewipeoutofspecieswasappearing.Today,mostagreethatitisunderway—butthenewstudysuggeststhatthedieoutisalreadygrowingfast.”大約十年前，專家們擔(dān)心一場(chǎng)新的物種滅絕正在出現(xiàn)。今天，大多數(shù)人都同意這種情況正在發(fā)生，但是新的研究表明，這種滅絕已經(jīng)在快速增長(zhǎng)。根據(jù)前文的wasappearing和后文isalreadygrowingfast，可知科學(xué)家們擔(dān)心的物種滅絕現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)在進(jìn)行了，所以劃線詞的意思是“正在進(jìn)行中”，故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Morethan30percentofanimalswithabackbone—fish,birds,amphibians,reptilesandmammals—aredeclininginbothrangeandpopulation,accordingtothefirstprehensiveanalysisofthesetrends.”根據(jù)對(duì)這些趨勢(shì)的首次全面分析，超過30%的脊椎動(dòng)物—魚類、鳥類、兩棲動(dòng)物、爬行動(dòng)物和哺乳動(dòng)物的范圍和數(shù)量都在減少。文章第一段點(diǎn)明了主旨，說明了現(xiàn)在野生動(dòng)物減少的速度越來越快，故選C項(xiàng)。【10題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thelossofbiodiversityhasrecentlyaccelerated.Severalspeciesofmammalsthatwererelativelysafeoneortwodecadesagoarenowendangered,”生物多樣性的喪失最近加速了。幾十年前還相對(duì)安全的幾種哺乳動(dòng)物現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)瀕臨滅絕。可知，野生動(dòng)物的處境是瀕臨滅絕的。故選B項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Climatechangeisthoughttobeeamajorthreatintheingdecades,withsomeanimals—mostfamouslypolarbears—alreadyindeclineduetorisingtemperaturesandchangingweatherpatterns”氣候變化被認(rèn)為是未來幾十年的主要威脅，由于氣溫上升和天氣模式的變化，一些動(dòng)物最著名的是北極熊的數(shù)量已經(jīng)在減少?？芍睒O熊會(huì)消失的主要原因是氣候變化，故選A項(xiàng)。DTheUnitedNationspredictsworldwidetemperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsmayattimesrisetomorethan1.5degreesCentigradeabovepreindustriallevels.TheU.N.'sWorldMeteorological(氣象的)Organization,WMO,saidthepredictionsuggestscontinuedwarmingcouldpresentachallengetoclimatechangegoalssetinthe2015ParisAgreement,whichseekstolimitworldtemperaturerisesthroughmajorcutsinhumancausedgreenhousegases.TheWMOsaidtherewasa20percentchancethattheyearlyaveragetemperaturewillriseabove1.5Celsiushigherthanthepreindustrialaveragelevelsinatleastoneyear.Thereportidentifies18501900asthepreindustrialperiod.Thatdoesnotmeanthattheaveragewouldbecrossingthelongtermtargetof1.5Celsiusthatscientistshavesetasthelimitforavoidingcatastrophic（災(zāi)難性的)climatechange.Temperaturesoverthelastfiveyearshavebeenthewarmestonrecord,theWMOreported.Temperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsareverylikelytobewithintherangeof0.91to1.59Celsiusabovepreindustriallevels,itpredicted.Almostalloftheworld,exceptforpartsofthesouthernoceans,arelikelytobewarmerthantherecentpast,whichisdefinedas1981to2010.SouthernAfricaandAustralia,wherefireslastyeardestroyedmillionsofhectares(公頃)，willprobablybedrierthanusualthrough2024,thereportsaid.Africa'sSahelregionislikelybewetter,whileEuropeshouldseemorestorms.MaxxDilley,theWMO'sdirectorofclimateservices,toldtheAssociatedPressthepredictionsareworrisome."Itshowshowclosewe'regettingtowhattheParisAgreementistryingtoprevent,”hesaid.Still,DilleyaddedthatitwouldnotbeimpossibleforcountriestoreachthetargetsetinParis,ofkeepingglobalwarmingwellbelow2degreesCelsius,bytheendofthecentury.PetteriTaalas,theWMOSecretaryGeneral,added,"WhileCOVID19hascausedasevereinternationalhealthandeconomiccrisis,failuretocopewithclimatechangemaythreatenhumanwellbeing,ecosystemsandeconomiesforcenturies.”12.Whatcanweinferaboutthecontinuedwarming?A.Inanalarmingtrend. B.Outofcontrol.C.Atasteadyspeedofrising. D.Withintherangeofpermission.13WhatdoestheauthortrytotellusinParagraph3?A.Temperatureswillhaveasuddenrise.B.PeopleinAfricashouldgetmorehelp.C.FiresinAustraliawilllastover5years.D.Ourlivingenvironmentisgettingworse.14.WhichwordbestdescribesMaxxDilley'sattitudetocontinuedwarming?A.Carefree. B.Objective.C.Concerned. D.Ignorant.15.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.GlobalimpactofClimatechange.B.Themostseriouschallengeweface.C.Thepredictionsabouttemperaturerise.D.Themethodsofcopingwithcontinuedwarming.【答案】12.A13.D14.C15.C【解析】本文是說明文。文章主要講述了聯(lián)合國世界氣象組織預(yù)測(cè)未來五年內(nèi)全球氣溫會(huì)持續(xù)上升，這會(huì)對(duì)全球環(huán)境帶來影響，以及這一預(yù)測(cè)引起了人們的擔(dān)憂?！?2題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“TheU.N.'sWorldMeteorologicalOrganization,WMO,saidthepredictionsuggestscontinuedwarmingcouldpresentachallengetoclimatechangegoalssetinthe2015ParisAgreement,”聯(lián)合國世界氣象組織(WMO)說，這一預(yù)測(cè)表明，全球持續(xù)變暖可能對(duì)2015年《巴黎協(xié)定》(ParisAgreement)設(shè)定的氣候變化目標(biāo)構(gòu)成挑戰(zhàn)。由此判斷出，據(jù)世界氣象組織稱，持續(xù)變暖的趨勢(shì)令人擔(dān)憂。故選A項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Temperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsareverylikelytobewithintherangeof0.91to1.59Celsiusabovepreindustriallevels,itpredicted.”該報(bào)告預(yù)測(cè)，未來5年的氣溫很可能會(huì)比工業(yè)化前的水平高出0.91至1.59攝氏度。和“SouthernAfricaandAustralia,wherefireslastyeardestroyedmillionsofhectares(公頃)，willprobablybedrierthanusualthrough2024,thereportsaid.Africa'sSahelregionislikelybewetter,whileEuropeshouldseemorestorms.”報(bào)告稱，去年大火燒毀了數(shù)百萬公頃的南部非洲和澳大利亞，到2024年可能會(huì)比往常更干燥。非洲的薩赫勒地區(qū)可能會(huì)更潮濕，而歐洲會(huì)有更多的風(fēng)暴?？芍?，作者通過例舉最近的自然災(zāi)害和氣候變化，是想告訴我們，我們的生活環(huán)境會(huì)越來越差。故選D項(xiàng)。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“MaxxDilley,theWMO'sdirectorofclimateservices,toldtheAssociatedPressthepredictionsareworrisome.”世界氣象組織氣候服務(wù)主任MaxxDilley告訴美聯(lián)社，這些預(yù)測(cè)令人擔(dān)憂?？芍?，MaxxDilley對(duì)持續(xù)升溫持擔(dān)憂的態(tài)度，故選C項(xiàng)。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“TheUnitedNationspredictsworldwidetemperaturesoverthenextfiveyearsmayattimesrisetomorethan1.5degreesCentigradeabovepreindustriallevels.”聯(lián)合國預(yù)測(cè)未來五年全球氣溫可能會(huì)上升到1度以上。比工業(yè)化前的水平高5攝氏度。以及第二段中“TheWMOsaidtherewasa20percentchancethattheyearlyaveragetemperaturewillriseabove1.5Celsiushigherthanthepreindustrialaveragelevelsinatleastoneyear.”世界氣象組織稱，在至少一年內(nèi)，年平均氣溫比工業(yè)化前的平均水平上升1.5攝氏度以上的可能性為20%。本文主要講述了聯(lián)合國世界氣象組織預(yù)測(cè)未來五年內(nèi)全球氣溫會(huì)持續(xù)上升，這會(huì)對(duì)全球環(huán)境帶來影響，以及這一預(yù)測(cè)引起了人們的擔(dān)憂?？芍疚牡淖罴褬?biāo)題是C項(xiàng)“關(guān)于氣溫上升的預(yù)測(cè)”。故選C項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分）根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。ProtectyourselfandothersfromCOVID19IfCOVID19isspreadinginyourmunity,gettingintopanicisprobablynotawisechoiceforbothyouandyourfamilymembers.____16____.Followtheadvicebelowanddoitall!Keepyourdistanceatleastonemetre.____17____Keepanevengreaterdistancebetweenyourselfandotherswhenindoors.Thefurtheraway,thebetter.___18___Whattypeofmasktowearandwhendependonhowmuchvirusiscirculatingwhereyoulive,whereyougoandwhoyouare.Wearamedicalmaskifyouareover60,feelingunwell,orlookingafteranillfamilymember.Avoidclosedandcrowdedplaces.Outbreakshavebeenreportedwherepeoplehavegathered,suchasrestaurants,fitnessclasses,andnightclubs.____19____Sotakingprecautions（預(yù)防）isevenmoreimportant.Preventconstantlytouchfromyoureyes,noseandmouth.Handstouchmanysurfacesandcanpickupviruses.Onceinfected,handscantransferthevirustoyoureyes,noseormouth.____20____A.Choosetherightmasktoputon.B.Bringyourmaskwhileinhospital.C.Fromthere,theviruscanenteryourbodyandinfectyou.D.Therefore,cleanyourhandsbeforeyouputyourmaskon.E.Youcan,ofcourse,staysafebytakingsomesimplemeasures.F.Thiswillreduceyourriskofinfectionwhenotherscough,sneezeorspeak.G.Theseenvironmentsmakeitmoreefficientandeasierforthevirustospread.【答案】16.E17.F18.A19.G20.C【解析】本文是說明文。文章介紹了幾種保護(hù)自己免受COVID19感染的預(yù)防措施。【16題詳解】空前一句提到“gettingintopanicisprobablynotawisechoice（陷入恐慌可能不是一個(gè)明智的選擇）”；E項(xiàng)“staysafebytakingsomesimplemeasures（采取一些簡(jiǎn)單的措施來保證安全）”是順承空前一句的話題；文章下面是提出免受COVID19感染的一些措施，與E項(xiàng)內(nèi)容相符。故選E?！?7題詳解】該段首句是“Keepyourdistanceatleastonemetre.（保持至少一米的距離）”；F項(xiàng)中“this”是指代空前一句的“保持距離”，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)中“reduceyourriskofinfection”說明保持距離可以降低感染風(fēng)險(xiǎn)，與該段主題相符。故選F?！?8題詳解】該空位于段首，應(yīng)該是該段的主題句；空后一句提到“Whattypeofmasktowearandwhen（戴什么類型的口罩以及什么時(shí)候戴口罩）”，由此可知，該段是說明如何選擇帶合適的口罩。A項(xiàng)“Choosetherightmasktoputon（選擇戴正確的口罩）”應(yīng)是該段的主題句。故選A?！?9題詳解】該段提到的措施是“Avoidclosedandcrowdedplaces.（避免去封閉和擁擠的地方）”；空前一句提到“Outbreakshavebeenreportedwherepeoplehavegathered,suchasrestaurants,fitnessclasses,andnightclubs.（在人群聚集的地方，如餐館、健身班和夜總會(huì)，已經(jīng)出現(xiàn)了疫情）”；G項(xiàng)中“theseenvironments”指代空前一句中的“restaurants,fitnessclasses,andnightclubs”；“makeitmoreefficientandeasierforthevirustospread”是說明該段提出的措施“Avoidclosedandcrowdedplaces”的原因，因此G項(xiàng)符合該段的主題。故選G?！?0題詳解】空前一句提到“handscantransferthevirustoyoureyes,noseormouth.（手可以把病毒傳播到你的眼睛、鼻子或嘴巴）”；C項(xiàng)中“fromthere”指代空前一句中的“youreyes,noseormouth”，是順承空前一句的話題。故選C。第三部分英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié)完形填空（共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)，并在答題卡上將該項(xiàng)涂黑。AliceMoore,ateenagerentrepreneur(創(chuàng)業(yè)者),whoinMay2015setupherbusinessAilieCandy.Bythetimeshewas13,her___21___wasworthmillionsofdollarswiththe___22___ofasupersweettreatthatcouldsavekids’teeth,insteadof___23___them.Itall___24___withabankvisitingwithherdad,whereshewas___25___acandybar.Butherdad___26___herthatsugarytreatswerebadforher___27___.Sickofmissingoutoncandies,shedesiredto___28___thewarning,“Whycan’tImakea___29___candythat’sgoodformyteethsothatmyparentscan’tsaynotoit?”Withthat_____30_____,Mooreaskedherdadifshecouldstartherowncandypany.He_____31_____thatshedosomeresearchandtalktodentistsaboutwhatahealthiercandywould_____32_____.Withherdad’s_____33_____,shespentthenexttwoyearsresearchingandconductingtrialstogetatastyandtoothfriendlyrecipe.Shealso_____34_____dentiststolearnmoreaboutteethcleaning._____35_____,shesucceededinmakingakindofcandyonlyusing_____36_____sweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria.Moorethenusedhersavingstogetherbusinessoffthegroundandsuccessfully_____37_____herproduct—CanCandytoasupermarketowner.Althoughshe_____38_____herpanyearlyoninlife,shewasn’tdrivenprimarilybyprofit,Moorewantstouseherunique_____39_____tohelpothersfindtheirsmiles.Shedonates10%ofAilieCandy’s_____40_____toBigSmiles.Withhertalentanddetermination,itappearsthattheskycouldbethelimitforAliceMoore.21.A.pany B.apartment C.grocery D.supermarket22.A.discovery B.addition C.delivery D.invention23.A.hitting B.destroying C.brushing D.polishing24.A.connected B.agreed C.began D.went25.A.asked B.lent C.offered D.taught26.A.reminded B.allowed C.advised D.promised27.A.nose B.teeth C.body D.mouth28.A.getinto B.getin C.getthrough D.getaround29.A.salty B.healthy C.strange D.spicy30.A.inhand B.inword C.insight D.inmind31.A.ordered B.insisted C.remended D.requested32.A.contain B.mean C.bring D.show33.A.presence B.efforts C.persuasion D.permission34.A.assisted B.encouraged C.approached D.expected35.A.Fortunately B.Consequently C.Logically D.Obviously36.A.natural B.tasty C.plex D.normal37.A.gather B.find C.sell D.donate38.A.founded B.introduced C.produced D.created39.A.treasure B.talent C.spirit D.trick40.A.funds B.salary C.fee D.profits【答案】21.A22.D23.B24.C25.C26.A27.B28.D29.B30.D31.C32.A33.D34.C35.B36.A37.C38.A39.B40.D【解析】本文一篇記敘文。文章講述了Moore因?yàn)橐淮闻既坏臋C(jī)會(huì)，有了制作健康糖果的想法，并且經(jīng)過不斷研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)，最終成功了，并且?guī)椭恕！?1題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到她13歲的時(shí)候，她的公司已經(jīng)價(jià)值數(shù)百萬美元，因?yàn)樗l(fā)明了一種超級(jí)甜食，可以保護(hù)孩子的牙齒，而不是損壞它們。A.pany公司；B.apartment公寓；C.grocery雜貨店；D.supermarket超市。根據(jù)上文“setupherbusinessAilieCandy”可知，她的公司價(jià)值數(shù)百萬美元。故選A項(xiàng)。【22題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：到她13歲的時(shí)候，她的公司已經(jīng)價(jià)值數(shù)百萬美元，因?yàn)樗l(fā)明了一種超級(jí)甜食，可以保護(hù)孩子的牙齒，而不是損壞它們。A.discovery發(fā)現(xiàn)；B.addition添加；C.delivery投遞；D.invention發(fā)明。根據(jù)下文“…makingakindofcandyonlyusing16sweeteners,whichcanreduceoralbacteria”可知，Moore發(fā)明了一種對(duì)牙齒有好處的甜食。故選D項(xiàng)。【23題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：到她13歲的時(shí)候，她的公司已經(jīng)價(jià)值數(shù)百萬美元，因?yàn)樗l(fā)明了一種超級(jí)甜食，可以保護(hù)孩子的牙齒，而不是損壞它們。A.hitting擊打；B.destroying破壞；C.brushing刷牙；D.polishing擦亮。根據(jù)“savekids’teeth”可知，這種甜食是保護(hù)孩子的牙齒，不會(huì)損壞牙齒。故選B項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這一切都始于她和父親一起去銀行，在那里有人給了她一根棒棒糖。A.connected聯(lián)系；B.agreed同意；C.began開始；D.went走。此處是講述Moore對(duì)于甜食的發(fā)明的故事的起源。故選C項(xiàng)。【25題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：這一切都始于她和父親一起去銀行，在那里有人給了她一根棒棒糖。A.asked要求；B.lent借出；C.offered提供；D.taught教。根據(jù)語境可知，此處是別人給了她一根棒棒糖。故選C項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：但她爸爸提醒她，甜食對(duì)她的牙齒有害。A.reminded提醒；B.allowed允許；C.advised建議；D.promised承諾。根據(jù)“sugarytreatswerebadforher7”可知，爸爸是提醒她。故選A項(xiàng)?！?7題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：但她爸爸提醒她，甜食對(duì)她的牙齒有害。A.nose鼻子；B.teeth牙齒；C.body身體；D.mouth嘴。根據(jù)生活常識(shí)，甜食對(duì)小孩的牙齒不好。故選B項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語辨析。句意：她討厭錯(cuò)過這些糖果，渴望能夠有辦法避開這種警告。A.getinto進(jìn)入；B.getin進(jìn)入，收獲；C.getthrough通過，完成；D.getaround有辦法應(yīng)付，解決，避開。根據(jù)下文“sothatmyparentscan’tsaynotoit?”可知，父母不讓她吃糖果，她想能夠避開父母的警告。故選D項(xiàng)。【29題詳解】考查形容詞詞詞義辨析。句意：為什么我不能做一種對(duì)牙齒有好處的健康的糖果，這樣我的父母就不能拒絕它了？A.salty咸的；B.healthy健康的；C.strange奇怪的；D.spicy辣的。根據(jù)“that’sgoodformyteeth”可知，她想要制作健康的糖果。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查介詞短語辨析。句意：心中有了這個(gè)想法之后，Moore問她父親是否可以開一家自己的糖果公司。A.inhand在手頭；B.inword在口頭上；C.insight在視線范圍中，看得見；D.inmind在腦海中。根據(jù)“Whycan’tI…?”可知，這是Moore頭腦中的想法。故選D項(xiàng)?！?1題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他建議她做一些研究，并與牙醫(yī)討論更健康的糖果應(yīng)該包含哪些成分。A.ordered命令；B.insisted堅(jiān)持；C.remended建議；D.requested請(qǐng)求，要求。根據(jù)“Mooreaskedherdadif…”可知，Moore問父親，父親就給她提出建議。故選C項(xiàng)?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：他建議她做一些研究，并與牙醫(yī)討論更健康的糖果應(yīng)該包含哪些成分。A.contain包含；B.mean意味著；C.bring帶來；D.show展示。根據(jù)下文“getatastyandtoothfriendlyrecipe”中的“recipe”可知，父親建議她要清楚健康的糖果含有什么成分的。故選A項(xiàng)。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在她父親的允許下，她花了兩年的時(shí)間進(jìn)行研究和試驗(yàn)，以得到一種美味且對(duì)牙齒有益的配方。A.presence存在；B.efforts努力；C.persuasion勸說；D.permission允許。按常理，Moore是十幾歲的孩子，要開公司應(yīng)該需要父親的允許。故選D項(xiàng)。【34題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：她還與牙醫(yī)接洽，了解更多牙齒清潔的知識(shí)。A.assisted幫助；B.encouraged鼓勵(lì)；C.approached與……接洽；D.expected期待。根據(jù)上文父親建議她“talktodentists”可知，Moore與牙醫(yī)接觸，了解更多的知識(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】考查副詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果，她成功地制作了一種糖果，只用天然甜味劑，能減少口腔細(xì)菌。A.Fortunately幸運(yùn)地；B.Consequently因此，結(jié)果；C.Logically邏輯上；D.Obviously顯然地。根據(jù)語境可知，經(jīng)過Moore的不斷研究和實(shí)驗(yàn)，她最終成功了。故選B項(xiàng)?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：結(jié)果，她成功地制作了一種糖果，只用天然甜味劑，能減少口腔細(xì)菌。A.natural自然的；B.tasty美味的；C.plex復(fù)雜的；D.normal正常的。Moore研制的糖果健康，不會(huì)損壞牙齒，應(yīng)該是用純天然的配方制成的。故選A項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：然后，Moore用她的積蓄開始了她的生意，并成功地把她的產(chǎn)品——罐頭糖果賣給了超市老板。A.gather聚集；B.find尋找；C.sell出售；D.donate捐贈(zèng)。根據(jù)“getherbusinessofftheground”可知，Moore開始做生意，出售自己制作的健康糖果。故選C項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：雖然Moore很早就創(chuàng)立了自己的公司，她的主要?jiǎng)訖C(jī)不是利潤(rùn)。A.founded創(chuàng)立；B.introduced介紹；C.produced生產(chǎn)；D.created創(chuàng)造。根據(jù)上文“setupherbusinessAilieCandy”可知，Moore創(chuàng)立了自己的公司。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她希望利用自己獨(dú)特的才能幫助他人找到微笑。A.treasure珍寶；B.talent才能；C.spirit精神；D.trick花招，把戲。根據(jù)下文“Withhertalentanddetermination”可知，Moore用自己的才能幫助他人。故選B項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：她將AilieCandy的10%的利潤(rùn)捐給了Big

Smiles。A.funds資金；B.salary工資；C.fee費(fèi)用；D.profits利潤(rùn)。根據(jù)上文“shewasn’tdrivenprimarilybyprofit”可知，Moore并不是為利益而驅(qū)使，她將公司掙的利潤(rùn)捐給了慈善機(jī)構(gòu)BigSmiles以幫助他人。故選D項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共10小題；每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。IntheyearoftheliberationofnewChina,ZhongNanshan____41____（admit）tothesecondaryschool.Thisisaprivateschoolwhoseformerhasanicename,___42___(call)"Gezhiacademy",whichmayhavesomethingtodowithWangYangming.Twoyearslater,themiddleschoolwasunitedintoagroupschool,nowattached___43___SouthChinaNormalUniversity.ZhongNanshan'shighschoolisalsohere.Thisschoolis____44____(extreme)good,withalargenumberofacademicians（院士）likeZhongNanshanonce___45___(study)here.Besides,somegreatfigures,includingXianXinghai,afamousmusician,andChenJingkai,thefirstweightliftertobreaktheworldrecordinNewChina,___46___(be)studentsoftheschool.Here,ZhongNanshanshowshisoutstandingtalentforlearning,anditwashissportstalent____47____isadvancingbyleapsandbounds.Attheschoolsports___48___(pete)in1954,hewonthefourthplaceintheschool.In1955hewassent____49____(attend)thetrackandfieldeventsofGuangdongProvince,winningthesecondplaceof400mintheprovince,andevenbreakingtherecordoftheprovince.Later,onbehalfofGuangdongProvince,ZhongNanshan,___50___enteredthenationaltrackandfieldgameswonthethirdplaceinthecountry.【答案】41.wasadmitted42.called43.to44.extremely45.studying46.were47.that48.petition49.toattend50.who【解析】【分析】本文是記敘文，主要介紹了鐘南山就讀的學(xué)校和鐘南山的體育特長(zhǎng)?！?1題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：鐘南山被這所中學(xué)錄取了。根據(jù)上文的IntheyearoftheliberationofnewChina，可知此處是描述過去發(fā)生的事情，所以用一般過去時(shí)。本句主語是ZhongNanshan，謂語動(dòng)詞是admit，主謂之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用一般過去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，故填wasadmitted。【42題詳解】考查過去分詞。句意：這是一所私立學(xué)校，以前有個(gè)好聽的名字，叫“格致書院”，可能和王陽明有關(guān)。此處用過去分詞作后置定語，修飾名詞school，故填called?！?3題詳解】考查固定搭配。句意：兩年后，這所中學(xué)合并為一所集校，現(xiàn)在附屬于華南師范大學(xué)。attachto表示“附屬于”，是固定搭配，故填to。【44題詳解】考查副詞。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)校非常好。此處用副詞修飾形容詞good，故填extremely?！?5題詳解】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。句意：這個(gè)學(xué)校非常好，有很多像鐘南山這樣的院士在這里學(xué)習(xí)。此處考查with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，with+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語，此處賓語是academicians，academicians和study之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，需要用動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞形式，故填studying。【46題詳解】考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。句意：一些偉大的人物，包括著名的音樂家冼星海和新中國第一個(gè)打破世界紀(jì)錄的舉重運(yùn)動(dòng)員陳靜凱，都是該校的學(xué)生。本句的主語是somegreatfigures，所以謂語動(dòng)詞be需要用復(fù)數(shù)形式，描述發(fā)生在過去的事情，需要用一般過去時(shí)，故填were。【47題詳解】考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意：鐘南山在學(xué)習(xí)上表現(xiàn)出突出的才能，而他突飛猛進(jìn)的正是體育才能。本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是hissportstalent，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是：itis/was+被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that+句子的其他成分，如果被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，可以用who代替that。這里被強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是物，用that。故填that?！?8題詳解】考查名詞。句意：在1954年的學(xué)校體育比賽中，他獲得了學(xué)校第四名。該空作介詞At的賓語，用名詞，此處是名詞短語sportspetition，表示體育比賽，特指“1954年的學(xué)校體育比賽”，用名詞單數(shù)，故填petition。【49題詳解】考查不定式。句意：1955年，他被派去參加廣東省田徑比賽。besenttodosth表示被派去做某事，此處不定式表示目的，故填toattend?！?0題詳解】考查定語從句。句意：參加全國田徑比賽的鐘南山獲得全國第三名。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，10enteredthenationaltrackandfieldgames是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，修飾先行詞ZhongNanshan，關(guān)系詞在從句中作主語，指人，that不能引導(dǎo)非限制性定語從句，用who引導(dǎo)該從句，故填who。第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)，滿分35分）第一節(jié)短文改錯(cuò)（共10小題；每小題1分，滿分10分）51.請(qǐng)改正下面短文中的錯(cuò)誤。文中共有10處語言錯(cuò)誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞；刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（＼）劃掉；修改：在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2.只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計(jì)分。TheMiddleAutumnFestivalisoneoftraditionalChinesefestivalstobeholdinSeptemberorOctober.Duringthefestival,familymembersgetunitedbuthavemooncakestogether.Therearevariouskindsofit,suchasbeanpaste,eggyolkormeats.Theshapeofamooncakeisroundasitsymbolizeabigmoon.Inadditionto,intheeveningoftheday,peoplegettogether,eatendeliciousmooncakes.Often,theyalsoappreciatethebeautifulmoonwhathangsinthedarksky.Toconclude,theMiddleAutumnFestivalisaverynicelyfestivalforChinesepeople.【答案】1.traditional前面加the2.hold→held3.but→and4.it→them5.meats→meat6.symbolize→symbolizes7.inadditionto的to去掉8.eaten→eating9.what→which/that10.nicely→nice【解析】【分析】本文是說明文，主要介紹了中秋節(jié)的習(xí)俗?！?1題詳解】考查冠詞。句意：中秋節(jié)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一，通常在九月或十月舉行。此處特指中秋節(jié)，需要用定冠詞the修飾，故在traditional前面加the?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞不定式。句意：中秋節(jié)是中國的傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日之一，通常在九月或十月舉行。hinesefestivals與hold在邏輯上是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，可知此處是不定式的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以hold需要用過去分詞形式held，故將hold改為held?！?3題詳解】考查連詞。句意：在節(jié)日期間，家人們聚集在一起，一起吃月餅。前文的聚集在一起和后文的吃月餅之間是并列關(guān)系，不是轉(zhuǎn)折，所以用and連接，故將but改為and?！?4題詳解】考查代詞。句意：有各種各樣的，如豆沙，蛋黃或肉。此處表示月餅有各