【英語】浙江省金華市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末試題（解析版）

浙江省金華市2023-2024學年高二上學期1月期末英語試題第Ⅰ卷(選擇題共95分)第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分,滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwantthewomantodo?A.Takecareofhispet.B.Comeoverat3:00p.m.C.Attendameetingwithhim.2.Whatisthemandoing?A.Recommendingabook.B.Expressinghisfeelings.C.Explainingatestquestion.3.Wheredidtheman’swifegrowup?A.InAustralia.B.InNewZealand.C.InIndia.4.Whatdoesthemanmean?A.Heisveryexcitedaboutthenews.B.Hedoesn’tpayattentiontosports.C.Hewishesadifferentteamhadwon.5.Whatisprobablytherelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A.Motherandson.B.Husbandandwife.C.CustomerandSaleswoman.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分,滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項，并標在試卷的相應位置。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Howmuchisatwo-daypasstoCoachella?A.About$400.B.Around$800.C.Almost$1000.7.Whatdoesthemanimplyintheend?A.Hesavedupfortheticket.B.He’llbuythewomanaticket.C.Hedoesn’thaveenoughmoneyforaticket.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whatdidtheweatherusetobelike?A.Cold.B.Cool.C.Veryhot.9.Whatdoesthewomansuggest?A.Returninghome.B.Drinkingsomethingcool.C.Waitinguntilthesunsets.聽第8段材料,回答第10至12題。10.Whatinformationisneededbythewoman?A.Theman’saddress.B.Theshippingdate.C.Theman’sordernumber.11.Whenwerethegiftssupposedtoarrive?A.Twodaysago.B.Sevendaysago.C.Tendaysago.12.Howdoesthemanprobablyfeelintheend?A.Excited.B.Confused.C.Disappointed.聽第9段材料,回答第13至16題。13.Whodoesthewomanworkfor?A.Arestaurant.B.Anewspaper.C.Asportsclub.14.Howdoesthewomanchangeherappearanceforwork?A.Shewearsmakeup.B.Shewearsglasses.C.Shewearshats.15.Whatisthewomanveryconcernedabout?A.Puttingonweight.B.Notimetodogym.C.Noteatinghealthyfood.16.Wheredidthemanprobablygrowup?A.InWashington,D.C.B.InMiami.C.InNewYorkCity.聽第10段材料,回答第17至20題。17.Whomightthemanbe?A.Abusdriver.B.Ashipcaptain.C.Anairplanepilot.18.Wherewillthepassengersgonext?A.ToMiami.B.ToMexicoCity.C.ToHavanaCity.19.Whatistheweatherprobablylikenow?A.Rainyandwet.B.Windyandcold.C.Sunnyandnice.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestthepassengersdo?A.Stayinside.B.Runtotherooms.C.Lookforstaffatonce.第二部分閱讀理解(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題:每小題2.5分,滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AABCmouseABCmouseisoneofthemostwell-knownlearntoreadappsforchildren.Withitsexpert-madecurriculum,theprogramoffersendlesshoursofcontentforchildrenaged2to8.Theinteractiveappoffersthousandsofactivitiestohelpdevelopthisessentialskill,withlessonsthatexposestudentstomath,arts,andscienceatage-appropriatelevelstoo.Thecostafterfreetrialisaround$15permonth.Familieswhopurchaseafullyear’ssubscriptioncangetabout70%offtheprice.HomerHomerprovidesapersonalizedlearningpathforchildrenaged2to8.Childrenwilllearnreading,math,creativethinking,andproblem-solvingskillsinafunandengagingway.Insteadofaone-size-fits-mostapproach,Homercustomizeslearningplansandallowsstudentstotaketheleadindecidingwhattheywanttoworkon.Thepricepointisinlinewithsimilarappsatabout$5permonthafterafreetrial,orroughly$60forafullyearor$100forlifetimeaccess.HookedonPhonicsHookedonPhonicsisanexceptionaltoolforhomeschoolers,withawiderangeoflessons,games,andfunactivities.Itisoneofthemostpopularbrandsforteachingkidstoread,anditsintegratedsystemmakesitanidealoptionforhomeschoolingstudents.Childrenareintroducedtoeachnewconceptthroughaseriesoffunactivities,videos,andevensongs.Thesystemisalittlebitpricierthanotherapps,atabout$16permonthafteratrialmonthforroughly$1.FarFariaFarFariainviteschildrentojoininonamagicaladventurethatincludesislandhoppingandthechoicebetweenreadingthestoryorhavingitnarratedcompletelywithfun,magicalanimation.Whilethefreemembershipoffersonestoryaday,paidsubscribersunlockaccesstounlimitedadventuresatroughly$8permonth.Readerscaneitherreadthebooksthemselvesortakeadvantageofthe“readtome”optiontohavestoriesreadaloudbyprofessionalnarrators.1.ForanannualsubscriptiontoABCmouse,howmuchdoesafamilyneedtopay?A.$54. B.$105. C.$126. D.$180.2.Whichappbestsuitschildrenwhoaretaughtathome?A.ABCmouse. B.Homer.C.HookedonPhonics. D.FarFaria.3.Whichsectionofnewspaperisthistextprobablytakenfrom?A.Finance. B.Science. C.Culture. D.Education.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了四個學習軟件：ABCmouse(開心鼠英語)，Homer(Homer學習軟件)，HookedonPhonics(美國自然拼讀)以及FarFaria(FarFaria學習軟件)，并對其各自特色和收費進行了詳細說明?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“ABCmouse”部分內(nèi)容“Thecostafterfreetrialisaround$15permonth.Familieswhopurchaseafullyear’ssubscriptioncangetabout70%offtheprice.(免費試用后的費用約為每月15美元。購買一整年訂閱的家庭可以幫你節(jié)省原價的70%。)”可知，費用為每月15美元，一年應是“15*12=180”，同時全年訂閱可以幫你節(jié)省原價的70%，即，按價格的3折計算，180*(1-70%)=54。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章“HookedonPhonics”部分內(nèi)容“Itisoneofthemostpopularbrandsforteachingkidstoread,anditsintegratedsystemmakesitanidealoptionforhomeschoolingstudents.(它是教孩子閱讀的最受歡迎的品牌之一，它的集成系統(tǒng)使它成為在家上學的學生的理想選擇。)”可知，HookedonPhonics平臺是在家上學的學生的理想選擇。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通過閱讀文章可知，“ABCmouse(開心鼠英語)”，“Homer(Homer學習軟件)”，“HookedonPhonics(美國自然拼讀)”以及“FarFaria(FarFaria學習軟件)”四個部分分別介紹了該平臺的教育信息和收費方式，由此可推知，該篇文章來自于報紙上的教育專欄。故選D項。BApersonaltrainerfromtheUKhopestosetanewworldrecordbywalkingbackwardupanddownAfrica’shighestmountain.BenStewart,32,won’tbethefirstpersontoclimbbackwardupMountKilimanjaro—twopeoplehavealreadydonethat—butnobodyhaswalkedbackwardbothupanddownthemountain.StewartalsohopestosetarecordforthefastesttimewalkingbackwardupanddownMountKilimanjaro.HebelievesitwilltakehimsixdaystogettothetopofthemountainandtwomoredaystogetbackdownwhenhemakeshisattemptnextFebruary.Stewartsayshestartedwalkingbackwardtochallengehimself,andclimbedhisfirstmountainbackwardin2019.Threeyearslater,hecompletedtheUK’sThreePeaksChallenge—climbingthehighestmountainsinEngland,WalesandScotland—allwhilewalkingbackward.HesaidhewantedtoclimbMountKilimanjarobecauseit’sthehighestmountainthatcanbeclimbedwithoutmountaineeringequipment.However,Stewartwillhaveateamofaround30peoplewithhimtomakesurehedoesn’tfalloff!Thereisadanger,though,thatStewartcoulddamagehisneckbylookingoverhisshoulderforsolong,soheisusingaspecialnecktrainingdevicetoprepare.StewartisusinghisclimbtoraisemoneyfortheBritishHeartFoundation,aheartdiseaseresearchcharity.Heisdoingthisinmemoryofhisgrandfather,whodiedofaheartattackatage65.StewarttoldITVNewsthathisgrandfathermighthavelivedlongerwith“therightkindofresearch,therightkindofmedication.”“Butnowhe’sonmyshoulderandinmyear,”saidStewart,“tellingmeIcandotheseamazingthings.”4.WhatdoesBenStewartdotoreducethedamagetohisneckduringwalking?A.Conductrelatedresearch. B.Takepreventivemedicine.C.Dosomespecialtraining. D.Usemountaineeringequipment.5.WhatcanweknowaboutBenStewart?A.HecompletedtheUK’sThreePeaksChallengein2020.B.HewilltakethechallengetoclimbKilimanjaroonhisown.C.Hewasinspiredbyhisgrandfathertosetanewworldrecord.D.He’llbethefirstpersontoclimbbackwardupanddownKilimanjaro.6.WhatkindofpersonisBenStewart?A.Ambitiousandloyal. B.Carefulandreliable.C.Persistentandcurious. D.Determinedandcaring.7.Whatisthemainpurposeofthelastparagraph?A.ToexplainthereasonforBen’sclimbing.B.TostressthesignificanceofBen’saction.C.Todrawattentiontoheartdiseaseresearchandmedication.D.ToprovidedetailedinformationonBen’sclimbingexperience.【答案】4.C5.D6.D7.A【語篇解讀】本文為一篇記敘文，講述了一名來自英國的私人教練BenStewart創(chuàng)造了一項新的世界紀錄，他成功地倒行攀登非洲最高的山峰——乞力馬扎羅山的事跡?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段“Thereisadanger,though,thatStewartcoulddamagehisneckbylookingoverhisshoulderforsolong,soheisusingaspecialnecktrainingdevicetoprepare.(不過，斯圖爾特長時間回頭看有可能會傷到脖子，所以他正在使用一種特殊的頸部訓練裝置來做準備)”可知，BenStewart通過做一些特殊的訓練來減少走路時對他脖子的傷害。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段“BenStewart,32,won’tbethefirstpersontoclimbbackwardupMountKilimanjaro—twopeoplehavealreadydonethat—butnobodyhaswalkedbackwardbothupanddownthemountain.(32歲的本·斯圖爾特不是第一個倒著爬乞力馬扎羅山的人——已經(jīng)有兩個人做到了——但是還沒有人在上山和下山時都是倒著走的)”可知，BenStewart將成為第一個倒著攀爬和倒著下乞力馬扎羅山的人。故選D項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Stewartsayshestartedwalkingbackwardtochallengehimself,andclimbedhisfirstmountainbackwardin2019.Threeyearslater,hecompletedtheUK’sThreePeaksChallenge—climbingthehighestmountainsinEngland,WalesandScotland—allwhilewalkingbackward.(斯圖爾特說，他開始倒著走來挑戰(zhàn)自己，并在2019年倒著爬了第一座山。三年后，他完成了英國的“三峰挑戰(zhàn)”——攀登英格蘭、威爾士和蘇格蘭最高的山峰——全程倒著走)”及文章最后一段“StewartisusinghisclimbtoraisemoneyfortheBritishHeartFoundation,aheartdiseaseresearchcharity.(斯圖爾特正在利用他的攀登為英國心臟基金會籌集資金，這是一家心臟病研究慈善機構(gòu))”可知，BenStewart是有決心并有愛心的人。故選D項。【7題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段“Heisdoingthisinmemoryofhisgrandfather,whodiedofaheartattackatage65.StewarttoldITVNewsthathisgrandfathermighthavelivedlongerwith“therightkindofresearch,therightkindofmedication.”“Butnowhe’sonmyshoulderandinmyear,”saidStewart,“tellingmeIcandotheseamazingthings.”(他這樣做是為了紀念他的祖父，他的祖父在65歲時死于心臟病。斯圖爾特告訴ITV新聞，如果“正確的研究，正確的藥物”，他的祖父可能會活得更久。斯圖爾特說:“但現(xiàn)在他站在我的肩膀上，在我耳邊，告訴我我可以做這些了不起的事情。”)”可知，文章最后一段解釋了BenStewart攀巖的原因與爺爺有關。故選A項。CToprotectpeoplelivinginareasthatarelikelytosufferfloodingandrisingsealevels,agroupofarchitectshasdesignedafloatinghome.TheprojectisacollaborationbetweenBritisharchitectfirmGrimshawandDutchmanufacturerConcreteValley.Currentlyatthedesignstage,thehomewillbeconstructedusingaconcreteandglassframework,whichsitsonafloatingpontoonstructure.Intheeventofatidalsurgeorflooding,thepontoonriseswiththewaterleveltokeepthehomesafe.Fittedwithsolarpanelsandheatexchangers,thewaterhomewillbeabletoproducetheirownelectricityduringpowercuts,intheeventofastorm.Otherfirmsareexploringfloatinghomes,too.IntheUK,BacaArchitectshaspartneredwithmanufacturerFloatingHomes.TheirdesignwasoriginallyanentrytoacompetitiontoreduceLondon’shousingshortage,andhassincebeenturnedintoaprototype.BacaArchitectsisexploringwaystoprovidepractical,affordable,flood-resistantadditionalcityhousing,whichcouldoccupyunnecessarydocks,canalsandotherwaterwaysthroughoutLondon,directorRichardCouttstoldtheGuardian.Astheplanet’satmospherewarms,areassuchastheArcticaremeltingfast,contributingtorisingsealevelsandhigherriskofflooding.Theoceanisalreadyreclaiminglandinsomepartsoftheworld.Withtheglobalpopulationsettoreach9.8billionpeoplebymid-century,extremefloodingcouldfurtheraddpressuretolimitedland,water,foodandotherresources.ThesechallengesareattheheartoftheVirtualOceanDialogues,aninitiativebytheWorldEconomicForumandFriendsofOceanAction.Theonlineeventprovidesaforumformorethan50worldleaderstoaddressthemostpressingchallengesfacingouroceansanddevelopwaystoprotectthem.WhilefloatinghomesmaybeacommonfeatureinpartsofAsiaandotherdevelopingregions,theyareemergingasawaytorelieveovercrowdingandprotectpeopleinbusycitiesandurbanareaswhicharelikelytosufferfromflooding.8.Whatmakesitpossibletoproduceelectricityinthefloatinghome?A.Theconcreteandglassframework. B.Thetidalpower.C.Solarpanelsandheatexchangers. D.Thefloatingpontoonstructure.9.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph3?A.Floatinghomeswillbeusefulbutcostly.B.FloatinghomeshavebeenputintouseinLondon.C.BacaArchitects’designwastoeasethehousingburdenatfirst.D.ThereisacompetitionamongfirmsintheUKtoexplorefloatinghomes.10.Whichofthefollowinghasthesimilarmeaningtotheunderlinedword“reclaiming”inParagraph4?A.Restoring. B.Reoccupying. C.Redeveloping. D.Reshaping.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.MeltingOceansareCausingRisingSeaLevelsB.AForumisOngoingtoExploreFloatingHomesC.ManyFirmsareWorkingTogethertoReduceHousingShortageD.FloatingHomesareEmergingtoProtectPeoplefromFlooding【答案】8.C9.C10.B11.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了漂浮房屋正在被探索中，為緩解過度擁擠，一些容易被遭受洪水和被淹沒的地區(qū)提供解決方案，文章介紹了這種房屋的一些特點和需要它的背景。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Fittedwithsolarpanelsandheatexchangers,thewaterhomewillbeabletoproducetheirownelectricityduringpowercuts,intheeventofastorm.(安裝了太陽能電池板和熱交換器，水屋將能夠在停電時自己發(fā)電，以防風暴)”可知，太陽能電池板和熱交換器使得在漂浮的房子里發(fā)電成為可能。故選C?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“TheirdesignwasoriginallyanentrytoacompetitiontoreduceLondon’shousingshortage,andhassincebeenturnedintoaprototype.(他們的設計最初是為了減少倫敦住房短缺的競賽，后來變成了一個原型)”可知，Baca建筑事務所的設計最初是為了減輕住房負擔。故選C?！?0題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第四段劃線詞上文“Astheplanet’satmospherewarms,areassuchastheArcticaremeltingfast,contributingtorisingsealevelsandhigherriskofflooding.(隨著地球大氣變暖，北極等地區(qū)正在快速融化，導致海平面上升，洪水風險更高)”以及“Theoceanisalreadyreclaiming

landinsomepartsoftheworld.(海洋已經(jīng)在世界某些地區(qū)reclaiming土地)”可知，海平面上升導致世界上的一些地方已經(jīng)被海洋再次占據(jù)了。故劃線詞意思是“再占領，收復”。故選B?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“Toprotectpeoplelivinginareasthatarelikelytosufferfloodingandrisingsealevels,agroupofarchitectshasdesignedafloatinghome.(為了保護居住在可能遭受洪水和海平面上升的地區(qū)的人們，一群建筑師設計了一個漂浮的家)”結(jié)合文章主要說明了漂浮房屋正在被探索中，為緩解過度擁擠，一些容易被遭受洪水和被淹沒的地區(qū)提供解決方案，文章介紹了這種房屋的一些特點和需要它的背景?？芍?，D選項“漂浮房屋正在興起，以保護人們免受洪水侵襲”最符合文章標題。故選D。DScientistsareincreasinglylookingatthemind-bodyconnection,includinghowhearthealthmightaffectbrainfunction.Paststudiesofadultshavelinkedpoorcardiovascular(心血管的)healthtoahigherriskofcognitive(認知的)decline,butthere’sbeenlittleresearchonhowhearthealthaffectsyoungbrains.Anewresearchanalyzedthehealthdataof987children,aged11and12,from21UScities.ThechildrentookpartintheAdolescentBrainCognitiveDevelopmentstudy,thelargestlong-termstudyofbraindevelopmentandhealthinchildrenintheUnitedStates.Researchersmeasuredparticipants’cardiovascularhealthusingatoolknownasLife’sEssential8,alistforimprovingandmaintainingcardiovascularhealth.DevelopedbytheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA),thelistincludesahealthydiet,notsmoking,beingphysicallyactive,gettingenoughsleep,keepingahealthyweightandcontrollingbloodpressure,cholesterolandbloodsugar.Researcherslookedathowthechildren’scardiovascularhealthscoresmatchedupwiththeirscoresfromacognitivetest.Theyfoundthatchildrenwithbettercardiovascularhealthbehaviors——thelistitemsrelatedtodiet,physicalactivity,smokingandsleep——showedslightlybettercognitivefunction.Atthesametime,childrenwithbetteroverallcardiovascularhealththatincludedalleightitemsonthelistalsohadhighercognitivefunction.Dr.AugustoCésarF.DeMoraes,thestudy’sleadresearcher,saidthatthemessageofthestudywas“thatifyouseechildrenwithhighbloodpressureorobesity,it’simportanttolookattheirbrainhealthaswell.”Thefindings,whichwerepresentedonNovember11inPhiladelphiaattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sScientificSessionsconference,areconsideredpreliminary(初步的)untilfullresultsarepublishedinapeer-reviewedjournal.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.Themethodoftheresearch. B.Theparticipantsoftheresearch.C.Thefindingsoftheresearch. D.Thebackgroundoftheresearch.13.WhichofthefollowingmaycontributetocardiovascularhealthaccordingtoAHA?A.Goingonadiet. B.Keepingactiveworks.C.Goingtobedearly. D.Keepinglowerbloodpressure.14.Whatcanwelearnaboutthenewresearch?A.Itdrawsattentiontochildren’sproblemofobesity.B.Theparticipantsarechosenfromdifferentcountries.C.Thefullfindingshavenotbeenmadepublicsofar.D.Theresearcherslookatthemind-bodyconnectioninadults.15.What’sthemainideaofthispassage?A.Highbloodpressureisaffectingchildren’sbrainhealth.B.Betterhearthealthmayimprovekids’cognitivefunction.C.Life’sEssential8isanimportanttoolincognitiveresearch.D.Cognitivedeclinewillinfluencechildren’scardiovascularhealth.【答案】12.A13.B14.C15.B【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了一項新的研究，該研究表明更好的心血管健康可以改善孩子的認知功能?！?2題詳解】主旨大意題。由文章第二段中“Anewresearchanalyzedthehealthdataof987children,aged11and12,from21UScities.ThechildrentookpartintheAdolescentBrainCognitiveDevelopmentstudy,thelargestlong-termstudyofbraindevelopmentandhealthinchildrenintheUnitedStates.Researchersmeasuredparticipants’cardiovascularhealthusingatoolknownasLife’sEssential8,alistforimprovingandmaintainingcardiovascularhealth.DevelopedbytheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA),thelistincludesahealthydiet,notsmoking,beingphysicallyactive,gettingenoughsleep,keepingahealthyweightandcontrollingbloodpressure,cholesterolandbloodsugar.(一項新的研究分析了來自美國21個城市的987名11至12歲兒童的健康數(shù)據(jù)。這些孩子參加了青少年大腦認知發(fā)展研究，這是美國最大的兒童大腦發(fā)育和健康的長期研究。研究人員使用一種名為Life'sEssential8的工具來衡量參與者的心血管健康狀況，這是一份改善和維持心血管健康的清單。這份清單由美國心臟協(xié)會（AHA）制定，包括健康飲食、不吸煙、積極鍛煉、睡眠充足、保持健康體重、控制血壓、膽固醇和血糖。)”可知，第二段主要講了該研究的方法。故選A?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段中“DevelopedbytheAmericanHeartAssociation(AHA),thelistincludesahealthydiet,notsmoking,beingphysicallyactive,gettingenoughsleep,keepingahealthyweightandcontrollingbloodpressure,cholesterolandbloodsugar.(這份清單由美國心臟協(xié)會（AHA）制定，包括健康飲食、不吸煙、積極鍛煉、睡眠充足、保持健康體重、控制血壓、膽固醇和血糖。)”可知，積極的鍛煉有助于心血管健康。故選B?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。由文章最后一段中“Thefindings,whichwerepresentedonNovember11inPhiladelphiaattheAmericanHeartAssociation’sScientificSessionsconference,areconsideredpreliminary(初步的)untilfullresultsarepublishedinapeer-reviewedjournal.(研究結(jié)果于11月11日在費城的美國心臟協(xié)會科學會議上公布，在完整的研究結(jié)果發(fā)表在同行評議的期刊上之前，研究結(jié)果被認為是初步的。)”可知，到目前為止，完整的調(diào)查結(jié)果還沒有公開。故選C。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是由文章倒數(shù)第二段“Researcherslookedathowthechildren’scardiovascularhealthscoresmatchedupwiththeirscoresfromacognitivetest.Theyfoundthatchildrenwithbettercardiovascularhealthbehaviors——thelistitemsrelatedtodiet,physicalactivity,smokingandsleep——showedslightlybettercognitivefunction.Atthesametime,childrenwithbetteroverallcardiovascularhealththatincludedalleightitemsonthelistalsohadhighercognitivefunction.(研究人員觀察了兒童的心血管健康得分與他們在認知測試中的得分是如何匹配的。他們發(fā)現(xiàn)，心血管健康行為更好的兒童——與飲食、體育活動、吸煙和睡眠有關的清單項目——表現(xiàn)出稍好的認知功能。與此同時，心血管整體健康狀況較好的兒童，包括清單上的所有八個項目，也有更高的認知功能。)”可知，文章主要介紹了一項新的研究，該研究表明更好的心血管健康可以改善孩子的認知功能。故選B。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分,滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。WhilemanypeoplemightbequittingformalNewYear’sdecisionsthisyear,othersmaymarkafreshstartbydecidingtomakeupforpooreatinghabitsofthepast.___16___Withoutasolidplan,youmayfailquickly.Soconsiderstartingwiththesethreeeasywaystoeatahealthierdiet.Aimforrealfoodonly.___17___Maybeit’sthewholething(likeafrozendinner),ormaybeit’sjustpartofyourmeal(likethebottleddressingonyoursalad).Thinkofwhereyoucanreplaceprocessedfoodsforhealthierones.Forexample,eatwhole-grainpastainsteadofenrichedwhite-flourspaghetti.Scheduleyourmealsandsnacks.Settimesonyourphoneforthreedifferentmealsandtwosnacks(ifyouneedthem).___18___Thismightcontrolyourdesires,reducestressaboutwhenyou’lleatnext,andcutdownontheextracaloriesofunnecessarysnacking——arealchallengeifyou’reclosetoarefrigeratoralldaywhileathomeorwork.Reduceyourportion(份量)sizes.Ifyou’relikemostAmericans,you’reeatingtoomuchfood.Aneasywaytocarryoutportioncontrol:loadyourplateasyounormallywould,thenputbackathirdorhalfofthefood.___19___Youdon’tneedtoincludeallofthesestepsatonetime;tryonestepperweek.Writedownwhatyou’reeatingandanythoughtsorquestionsyouhaveabouttheprocess.___20___Beforelong,you’llhavetheconfidencetoattemptnewsteps.A.Avoidhavinglate-nightmealsorsnacks.B.Don’teatinbetweenthesescheduledtimes.C.Processedfoodsarelinkedwithmanydiseases.D.Afteraweek,assesswhatworkedandwhatdidn’t.E.Youcanalsouseasaladplateinsteadofadinnerplate.F.Lookatyourplateandnotewhat’sprocessedandwhatisn’t.G.Butthismotivationisoftenfocusedonadietthatistooambitious.【答案】16.G17.F18.B19.E20.D【語篇解讀】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了更健康的飲食的方法?！?6題詳解】由上文“WhilemanypeoplemightbequittingformalNewYear’sdecisionsthisyear,othersmaymarkafreshstartbydecidingtomakeupforpooreatinghabitsofthepast.(雖然今年許多人可能會放棄正式的新年決定，但其他人可能會決定彌補過去不良的飲食習慣，從而標志著一個新的開始。)”可知，本空與上文為轉(zhuǎn)折關系，說明動機的集中點是什么，故G選項“Butthismotivationisoftenfocusedonadietthatistooambitious.(但這種動機往往集中在過于雄心勃勃的飲食上。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選G?！?7題詳解】由下文“Maybeit’sthewholething(likeafrozendinner),ormaybeit’sjustpartofyourmeal(likethebottleddressingonyoursalad).Thinkofwhereyoucanreplaceprocessedfoodsforhealthierones.Forexample,eatwhole-grainpastainsteadofenrichedwhite-flourspaghetti.(它可能是整個食物（比如冷凍晚餐），也可能只是你食物的一部分（比如沙拉上的瓶裝調(diào)料）。想想你可以在哪里用更健康的食物代替加工食品。例如，吃全麥意大利面，而不是富含白面粉的意大利面。)”可知，本空要說跟“加工食品”有關的話題，故F選項“Lookatyourplateandnotewhat’sprocessedandwhatisn’t.(看看你的盤子，記下哪些經(jīng)過加工，哪些沒有經(jīng)過加工。)”能引起下文，符合題意。故選F?！?8題詳解】由上文“Scheduleyourmealsandsnacks.Settimesonyourphoneforthreedifferentmealsandtwosnacks(ifyouneedthem).(安排好你的正餐和零食。在手機上設定三頓不同的正餐和兩頓零食的時間（如果你需要的話）。)”可知，本空要說跟“吃東西的時間”有關的話題，故B選項“Don’teatinbetweenthesescheduledtimes.(不要在這兩個預定時間之間吃東西。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選B?！?9題詳解】由上文“Reduceyourportion(份量)sizes.Ifyou’relikemostAmericans,you’reeatingtoomuchfood.Aneasywaytocarryoutportioncontrol:loadyourplateasyounormallywould,thenputbackathirdorhalfofthefood.(減少食物的份量。如果你像大多數(shù)美國人一樣，你吃得太多了。一個簡單的控制分量的方法是：像平常一樣裝滿你的盤子，然后放回三分之一或一半的食物。)”可知，本空要說跟“份量和盤子”有關的話題，故E選項“Youcanalsouseasaladplateinsteadofadinnerplate.(你也可以用沙拉盤代替餐盤。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選E。【20題詳解】由上文“Youdon’tneedtoincludeallofthesestepsatonetime;tryonestepperweek.Writedownwhatyou’reeatingandanythoughtsorquestionsyouhaveabouttheprocess.(你不需要一次包含所有這些步驟；試著每周走一步。寫下你正在吃的東西，以及你對這個過程的任何想法或問題。)”可知，本空要說跟“一周總結(jié)”有關的話題，故D選項“Afteraweek,assesswhatworkedandwhatdidn’t.(一周后，評估哪些有效，哪些無效。)”能承接上文，符合題意。故選D。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15個小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。InIndia,agroupofyoungpeoplearechangingseniors’livesbypairingthemwithvolunteer“grandchildren”.Theorganization,Goodfellows,was___21___byNaidu,Thakur,andSandu,threeyoungIndianswhoall___22___hangingoutwiththeirgrandparents.Meantto___23___lonelinessandhelpbringthelonelyeldersbackinto___24___,theorganizationallowsfamilymemberstonominate(提名)elders,typicallyiftheirlifepartnerisn’taroundanymore,asa“grandpal”___25___a“grandchild”.Afterthenomination,Mr.Naiducarriesoutaninterviewwiththe___26___.Itaimstolearnabouttheirinterestsinorderto___27___themwitha“grandchild”whohas___28___interests.Onegrandpalcallsherselftheluckiestladyintheworld,thankstohervolunteergrandchildapassionatewriterwhois___29___her81yearlifestories.“Kersiunclehasbeenmygrandpalforfivemonths.Weeagerlylookforwardto___30___,”said23yearoldAarohi.“He’shadquiteafew___31___moments,buthealwaysfocusesonthebeautifulbits,inspiringmetoholdontothehappymoments.”Insome___32___,thepairinglastsaslongasthegrandpal’sremainingyears.“We’vecomeacrosssomanygrandpalswhotellustheyfeel___33___.Asidefromafewpublicservicestaff,thedoorbellneverrings.Butourorganizationisnow___34___things.Theyarehopefulandexcitedonthe___35___daysoftheweek.Theylookforwardtothebellringing,”Ms.Thakursaid.21.A.accepted B.discovered C.started D.assessed22.A.loved B.regretted C.admitted D.forgot23.A.face B.hide C.suffer D.address24.A.society B.reality C.family D.employment25.A.inpraiseof B.insearchof C.inhonorof D.indefenseof26.A.advisors B.seniors C.customers D.volunteers27.A.pair B.guide C.protect D.compare28.A.special B.similar C.broad D.appropriate29.A.designing B.enjoying C.acting D.documenting30.A.standingout B.showingoff C.hangingout D.takingoff31.A.important B.tough C.magical D.joyful32.A.cases B.stages C.places D.moments33.A.frightened B.relieved C.lonely D.inspired34.A.exploring B.examining C.advertising D.changing35.A.imagined B.peaceful C.appointed D.free【答案】21.C22.A23.D24.A25.B26.B27.A28.B29.D30.C31.B32.A33.C34.D35.C【語篇解讀】這是一篇新聞報道。文章主要報道了在印度，一群年輕人通過為老年人配對志愿者“孫輩”來改變老年人的生活?！?1題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個名為Goodfellows的組織是由Naidu、Thakur和Sandu創(chuàng)立的，這三個年輕的印度人都喜歡和祖父母一起出去玩。A.accepted接受；B.discovered發(fā)現(xiàn)；C.started開始；D.assessed評估。根據(jù)前文的“Theorganization,Goodfellows”和后文“byNaidu,Thakur,andSandu,threeyoungIndians”可知，這個名為Goodfellows的組織是由Naidu、Thakur和Sandu創(chuàng)立的。故選C項。【22題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：這個名為Goodfellows的組織是由Naidu、Thakur和Sandu創(chuàng)立的，這三個年輕的印度人都喜歡和祖父母一起出去玩。A.loved喜歡，愛；B.regretted遺憾；C.admitted承認；D.forgot忘記。根據(jù)后文的“hangingoutwiththeirgrandparents.”可知，這三個年輕的印度人都喜歡和祖父母一起出去玩。故選A項?！?3題詳解】考查動詞詞義辨析。句意：為了解決孤獨問題，幫助孤獨的老人重返社會，該組織允許家庭成員提名老人（通常是在他們的生活伴侶不在身邊的情況下）作為尋找“孫子”的“爺爺”。A.face面對；B.hide隱藏；C.suffer遭受；D.address設法解決。根據(jù)后文的“l(fā)onelinessandhelpbringthelonelyeldersbackinto”可知，該組織是為了解決老人的孤獨問題、幫助孤獨的老人重返社會。故選D項?！?4題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：為了解決孤獨問題，幫助孤獨的老人重返社會，該組織允許家庭成員提名老人（通常是在他們的生活伴侶不在身邊的情況下）作為尋找“孫子”的“爺爺”。A.society社會；B.reality現(xiàn)實；C.family家族；D