2021屆上海市寶山區(qū)高三英語二模(word,含答案)

2020-2021學(xué)年上海市寶山區(qū)第二學(xué)期期中高三年級英語學(xué)科教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測試卷（2021年寶山高三二模）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Sheisverycrazyaboutwhatsheeats.B.Sheistiredofthefoodinthecanteen.C.SheofteneatsinaFrenchRestaurant.D.SheusuallytakesasnackintheKFC.2.A.Heknowshisownlimitations.B.Hecan'tfaceuptothesituation.C.Heisratherdisappointed.D.Heishighlyambitious.3.A.Themantriestoleaveagoodimpression.B.Themanshouldbuyhimselfanewsuit.C.Theman'sjeansandT-shirtsarestylishD.Themancandresscasuallyfortheoccasion.4.A.Hewaslookingforwardtoseeingtheelephants.B.HegothometoolatetoseetheTVspecial.C.HefellasleepinthemiddleoftheTVprogram.D.Heenjoyedwatchingtheanimalperformance.5.A.Themanisnocertainifhecanfindaproperplace.B.Themanisunlikelytomoveoutofthedormitory.C.Themanwillchoosealow-rentapartment.D.Themanshouldconsiderhisprivacyfirst.6.A.Hecannotfinishhisassignmentbeforethedeadline.B.Hehasprovedtobeabetterreaderthanthewoman.C.Hehasdifficultyinunderstandingthebook.D.Hecannotgetaccesstotheassignedbook.7.A.Hehasdifficultyfinishinghisproject.B.Heseldomtellsthetruthabouthimself.C.HeisactuallyveryhardworkingD.Heneedstospendmoretimeinthelab8.A.Gototheparktoenjoytheflowers.B.Planttreesintheeastendoftown.C.BuysomerosesformthemarketD.Findashortcuttothepark9.A.Heshaveseveryotherday.B.Hechangesjobfrequently.C.Heisashamedofhispresentcondition.D.Heiscarelessabouthisappearance.10.A.Thepaintingwascompletedjustintime.B.Hisartisticworkhasbeenwellreceived.C.Thebuildingwon'topenuntilnextweek.D.Heneedsanotherweekforthepainting.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassagesandonelongerconversation,andyouwillheaskedseveralquestionsoneachofthepassagesandtheconversation.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillhereadtwice,hutthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedoilthefollowingpassage.11.A.Shegaveawayaround75percentofherclothes.B.Shegotridofover16percentofherfurniture.C.Shespenttimeandtriedtofinddailyresources.D.Shemissedthethingsthatshethrewaway.12.A.Waitforaholidaytostartcleaning.B.Keeponlytheitemsyouneed.C.Buythingsthatarebadlyneeded.D.Breakthebadhabitoflittering.13.A.Enjoyingmorefreetime.B.Savingtheextramoney.C.Shiftingyourvalues.D.Livingwithless.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Changeshappeneveryday.B.Changesbenefitourfuture.C.Changescanupsetourday.D.Changesarecompletelynatural.15.A.OpposingchangeB.Beingflexible.C.Discoveringtechnology.D.Findingnewjobs.16.A.Thechangemayturnouttobethebestthingforyou.B.Thechangemayendupbeingworsethaneverbefore.C.Thechangemayhelpyoumakemorefriendsinfuture.D.Thechangemaybringaboutasuccessorafailure.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Sheshouldlearntomakehamburgersorcutgrass.B.Theywillpayforeverythingsheneedsduringuniversity.C.Shewon'tbeabletoattenduniversityunlessshedoessummerjobs.D.Asummerjobcanprovideworkingexperienceandimportantskills.18.A.Hewillbetoobusytolearnothercourses.B.Hisparentswanthimtogettopgrades.C.Hethinksthere'snothingwrongwithjobs.D.Hisparentsallowhimtopayonhisown.19.A.Bothofthemhavedecidedtolookforsummerjobs.B.Gettingintouchwitheachotherafterthissummer.C.Summerjobscanteachthemtotakeresponsibility.D.Comparingfutureoutcomesofdoingandnotdoingsummerjobs.20.A.Summerplansandfutureearnings.B.Attendinguniversityafterhighschool.C.Summercoursesandfuturecareers.D.Universityeducationandfuturecareers.II.GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.Whoisresponsibleforchildhoodobesity(肥胖)?It'slunchtimeandsixth-graderOscarVillanovavisitsthevending(售賣)machine.Hepaysforanorangejuiceandsomecheesesticks,(21)________hereallywantedsodaandchips.Hisschool,MildredAvenue,onlysellsschoollunchandhealthysnacks.Seventh-graderLeticiaBrown(22)________(tell)byherdoctorthatsheneedstoloseweight.Herdoctorsaysexercisewillhelphercontrolherweightbutatschoolsheonlygetsphysicaleducationonceaweek.Manychildrensufferfromhealthconditions(23)________arecausedormadeworsebytheirlifestyles.Childhoodobesityhasmorethandoubledinchildrenandfourtimesinadolescentsinthepast30years.Moreover,ratesofchildhooddiabetes(糖尿病)(24)________(rise).Theseconditionscanputchildren(25)________riskforheartdiseaseandothermajorkillerslaterinlife.Thesehealthissuesarecomplexproblemswithmanydifferentcauses.Eatingmealsout,watchinglotsofTV,andnotbeingactiveafterschoolcancausetoomuchweightgain.Buttherearemanythingschildrencando(26)________(improve)theirhealth.Doctorssaytheprimaryfocusforchildren(27)________beeatinghealthyfoodandgettingexerciseeveryday.Schoolsaregetting(28)________(involve)insolvingtheproblem.Some,likeMildredAvenue,restrictthesnacksstudentscanbuy(29)________areofferingmoregymclassestoemphasizetheimportanceofexercise.Someschoolsevensendhomehealthnoticeswarningparentsthattheirchildmaybeoverweight.Theseschoolsbelieveparentsshouldbeactingmoreresponsiblybyrestrictingchildren'sdiets.Manyparentsgetangry,(30)________(argue)thatschoolsshouldlimittheirfocustoteaching.Theybelievethattheyhaveprimaryresponsibilityfortheirchildren'shealth.SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.uncomfortableB.criticallyC.balanceD.nonsenseE.temptationF.respondingG.effectivelyH.practiceI.demandsJ.reasoningK.deliveringEmbracetheruleofawkwardsilenceTheruleofawkwardsilenceissimple:Whenfacedwithachallengingquestion,insteadofanswering,pauseandthinkdeeplyabouthowyouwanttoanswer.Thisisnoshortpause;rather,itinvolvestakingseveralseconds(10,20orlonger)tothinkthingsthroughbefore____31____.AtApple,TimCookhasengagedinthe____32____foryears.Backin2008,aFortunearticlesaidthatinmeetings,Cookwas"knownforlong,____33____pauses,whenallyouhearisthesoundofhistearingthewrapperoftheenergybarsheconstantlyeats."Cookisn'taloneinembracingtheruleofawkwardsilence.SteveJobsoncetookalmost20secondstorespondtoapersonalattack,____34____aperfectresponse.Theruleofawkwardsilencehasalwaysbeenvaluableasatoolofemotionalintelligencebecauseitallowsyouto____35____thoughtandemotioninsteadofsimplyreactingbasedonfeeling.Whytheruleofawkwardsilenceismorevaluablethanever.Weliveinaworldthat____36____instantsatisfaction.Emailsshouldbeansweredonthesameday.Textmessagesshouldbeansweredrightnow.Butthere'samajorproblemwithallofthisimmediatecommunication:Itdoesn'tleavetimetothink.Asin,think____37____.Criticalthinkingcallsfordeepandcarefulconsiderationofasubject.Itinvolvesweighingandanalyzingfacts,andcareful____38____.Anditresultsinmakinginsightfulconnections.Noneofthisispossiblewithouttime.Andtimehasbecomethebiggestluxuryontheplanet.Butwhenyouembracetheruleofawkwardsilence,youstealbacktime.Timethatusedtobewastedon____39____answers.So,thenexttimesomeoneasksyouachallengingquestion,orevenwhatseemsonthesurfacetobeasimpleone,resistthe____40____torespondwiththefirstthingthatcomestomind.Instead,embracetheruleofawkwardsilence,andthinkbeforeyouspeak.III.ReadingComprehensionsSectionADirections:Foreachblankinthefollowingpassage,therearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Fearisanaturalandvaluableemotion.Ithasgreatsurvivalvalueforhumanbeings,____41____ustofightforsurvivalorrunawayquicklyfromathreat.Buttoomuchfearintheformofchronic(慢性的)anxietyisincredibly____42____andweakening.Anxietyisprolongedfearthatpersistsinthe____43____ofarealthreat:afterathreatisover,duringsituationsthataren'tactuallyverydangerous,orbeforea/an____44____threatinthefuture.Whenanxietybecomeschronicand____45____yourlife,ittransformsintoananxietydisorder.Researchconsistentlyshowsthatcognitive(認知的)behavioraltherapy(CBT)isthemost____46____anxietytreatment.Itworksbetterthandrugs,psychoanalysis,andalltheotherwayswehavetriedtotreat____47____overtheyears.Broadlyspeaking,twoCBTapproachesfortreatinganxietyhave____48____:copingandexposure.Copingischanginghowyouthink,evaluatingthreatsmoreaccurately,andbuildingconfidenceinyourabilityto____49____athreatsothatyouaregraduallylessafraid.Exposureis____50____experiencingwhatyouareafraidof,provingyourterriblepredictionsofdisastertobefalse,untilyourfearnaturallydiesdown.Themostrecentdatashowthatbothapproacheshelp,butexposurecanworkfasterand____51____larger,longer-lastingreductionsinanxiety.Ifyousufferfromanxiety,youcanapplythelatestandmosteffectiveprocedureforexposure,calledrestrictivelearning.Itwas____52____byateamoftherapistsandresearcherswhopublishedtheirresultsin2014.Thisspecialexposure____53____willhelpyouovercomeanxietyasrapidlyandcompletelyaspossible.Themosteffectivecoping____54____usedinCBTandrelatedtherapiesincludecopingplanning,cognitiveflexibility,anddistresstolerance.Theyareresearch-tested,____55____effectivetechniquesthatwillimproveandstrengthenyouranxietyrecoveryprogram.41.A.persuading42.A.jealous43.A.abstract44.A.potential45.A.instructs46.A.effective47.A.pressure48.A.described49.A.overlookB.rememberingB.painfulB.essentialB.existenceB.challengesB.objectiveB.ignoranceB.emergedB.simplifyC.expectingC.innocentC.absenceD.preparingD.consciousD.continuationD.sustainableD.dominatesD.significantD.depressionD.supervisedD.handleD.passionatelyC.availableC.stimulatesC.invisibleC.anxietyC.remarkC.protectedC.sincerely50.A.purposefullyB.vigorously51.A.breaksthroughB.turnsdown52.A.composed54.A.strategies55.A.naturallySectionBB.developedB.behaviorsB.probably53.A.commitmentB.evidenceC.resultsinC.predictedC.assessmentC.responsesC.highlyD.worksoutD.symbolizedD.processD.examplesD.initiallyDirections:Readthefollowingtwopassage.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Peoplearemotivatedtodoactivitiesbymanydifferentfactors.Formethemainfactorsthatareinvolvedarecompetition,thedesireforachievinggreatness,thesatisfactionofcompletingprojects,andenjoyment.SinceIamatwin,asenseofcompetitionisdeeprootedinmybrain.Healthycompetitioncanpushustodofantasticthings.Itmakesusstriveforacertaingoalandgetsustodothingsfaster.However,Idonotthinkcompetitionshouldbecomeharmful.Whenanger,frustration,anddepressionisaresultofcompetition,itisnothealthy.Yet,competitioncanbringaboutrespect,friendship,andmutualgain.Inthecasewithmytwinbrother,wehavepushedourselvestobegoodatsports,music,school,andevenatwork.Thiscompetitivespirithasleakedintomylifewithoutmytwinaround.Inasense,Ireproducemytwinbrotherinotherpeople.IalwaystrytobenumberoneatwhateverIdo-oratleastinthetopthree.Therearetimesthisattitudebecomesunhealthy,asIgetfrustratedifIgiveeverythingtoacompetitionoractivityandproduceonlyaverageresults.Butastheyearspassed,Ihavegottenbetterathandlingfailureanddefeat.Allinall,IthinkIfinishanddowellinmanyareasofmylifeforthesimplefactthatIwanttodowellinthem.Thefeelingofdoingwellagainstcompetentopponentsissatisfying.Ienjoythefeelingofcompletinganimportantproject.Forinstance,lastyear,Ifinishedapoetrycollectionwithmylatefather'spoemsandmyownpoems.Itwasanhonortohimandhiswork.Inaway,Ifeltthathisdeathwasnotinvainandthathisworkwasprovedevenmorethroughthiscollection.Itishardtodescribethemomentofknowingwhensuchanimportantprojectissettorest:itisalmostlikeyouarereadytodie.Yousensethatachapterofyourlifehasclosedandyouarenowanewperson.Thesedeepemotionsmotivatemetocompleteprojectsonaregularbasis.Thesimplestfactorthatmotivatesmetodosomethingisenjoyment.Therearepeoplewhodoactivitiestheydonotenjoyfordecades.Iamnotoneofthosepeople.IcanworkontasksIdonotlikeforawhile,butintheend,mymainfocusshouldbeonsomethingthatIenjoy.IfIfindjoyindoingacertainwork,Iengageinitforalargepartoftheday,orevenalldaywithouttiring.Tirednessinmostcases,inmylife,isduetoalackofenjoymentintheworkbeingdone.Eachpersonhashisorherownmotivatingfactors.Ihopethisreflectionhasallowedyoutodipdeeperintoyourtruenature.56.Theauthormentionshistwinbrother(Paragraph1)toshow________A.thepeerofcompetitionB.therootcauseofcompetitionD.thecompetitivepartnerC.thecompetentopponent57.Bythepoetrycollection,theauthorintendsto________.A.honorhisfatherandhimselfforyearstocomeB.describethesenseofachapterofhisnewlifeC.allowhisfathertorestandgethimselftoreadytodieD.appreciatethesatisfactionofcompletingprojects58.Whatattitudedoestheauthortaketowardstasks?A.Hefeelsangry,frustratedanddepressedinhistasks.B.Heenjoysthetasksthatotherpeoplearereluctanttodo.C.Heworkswithouttirednessifhetakespleasureintasks.D.Heusuallylacksenjoymentinthetasksbeingdone.59.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.Motivation(B)TheClassicroadtripismorepopularthanever.Hereareseveralplacestohittheopenroad.(1)Colo-roadTripsTheColoradoTourismOfficehasmadeiteasyforroad-tripperstoexplorethestate's24ScenicHistoricByways.Anewmicrositeincludesaninteractivemapthatenablestravelerstoexploreoptionsbyregion,interestorseason.Travelersseekinginspirationcanalsoaccessinsidertipsandside-tripsuggestionswithinmorethan150Colo-roadTripB.CompetitionC.ReflectionD.Satisfactionitineraries.Theflexibleitinerariesoffersuggestionsforhistoricattractions,activeadventuresandhighlightculturalopportunities.(2)TheBear-toothHighwayVisitorswhotravelthisextraordinarypathexperiencethevisuallandscapeofMontana,WyomingandYellowstonePark,hometotheAbsarokaandBear-toothmountains.Thewindy,cliff-hugging68-milestretchintroducesroadexplorerstooneofthemostdiverse(多樣的)ecosystemsaccessiblebyauto.Amazinglybeautiful,thisAll-AmericanRoaddisplaywidehighlands,paintedwithpatchesoficebluelakes,forestedvalleys,waterfallsandwildlife.(3)SewardHighway,AlaskaTheroadthatconnectsAnchoragetoSewardisa127-miletreasure,includingnaturalbeauty,wildlifeandstoriesofadventureandendurance.Takeadayorseveraltoexploretheregionthathasearnedthree-foldrecognitionasaForestServiceScenicByway,anAlaskanScenicBywayandanAll-AmericanRoad.ThedrivebeginsatthebaseoftheChugachMountains,hugsthescenicshoresofTurn-againArmandwindsthroughminingtowns,nationalforestsandfishingvillagesasyouimaginehowexplorers,furtradersandgoldprospectorsmighthavefaredbackintheday.Expectwaterfalls,glaciers(冰川),eagles,moose(駝鹿)andsomegoodbearstories.(4)TheLighthouseTrail,MaineTravelsthe375milesbetweenKitteryandCalais,Maine,visitinglighthousesalongtheway,andlearnaboutthedangersthatseagoingboatsandtheircrewenduredalongtherockyNortheasterncoast.Heartalesofshipwrecks(海灘)andofthedifficultandlonelylifeledbythosewhokeptthelightsburningbrightly.Ifpossible,visittheMaineLighthouseMuseum,whereartifactsandhands-onexhibitsforchildrenprovideanattractivebreak.60.Whatisspecialabouteachplacementionedabove?A.TouristsofColo-roadTripsareprovidedwithadaptableplanoftrip.B.VisitorstotheBear-toothHighwaycanenjoytheautodisplay.C.DriversalongSewardHighwaycanappreciatethetreasureunderground.D.TheLighthouseTrailofferstravelersseagoingboatstorowinthesea.61.Whichplacefavorskidsaccordingthepassage?A.Colo-roadTrips.B.TheBear-toothHighway.D.TheLighthouseTrail,Maine.B.AmericanpopularroadtripsD.All-Americanhighwayjourney(C)AccordingtoOxfordDictionaries,moralitymeans:"Principlesconcerningthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrongorgoodandbadbehavior."Thoughmoralityisarathersubjectivesubject,therearesomeprinciplesthatareuniversalacrossallculturesfoundbyanOxfordUniversitystudy:"helpyourfamily,helpyourgroup,returnfavors,bebrave,obeysuperiors,divideresourcesfairly,andrespectothers'property".Thefactthatthesemoralsarefoundacross60culturesfromaroundtheworlddemonstratesthatmorality,thoughsubjective,isthecornerstoneofkeepingoursocietiestogether.Herearesomereasonstobemoral:withoutmorality,asociallifeisalmostimpossibletomaintain;havingagoodreputationandhavingaclearconscienceispsychologicallyhealthy;andmostphilosophiesregardunselfishandprincipledbehaviorasimportant.Thereisnodoubtthatwithoutmorals,asocietycannotfunctioneffectively.Aconfusedsituationwouldappear.AccordingtotheSocietyofMorality,"Wearesocialanimals,andtheactionswetake-thethingswedoandthethingswedon'tdo-haveconsequencesonourenvironmentsandontheothersaroundus.Asaresult,weneedtobeabletogovernourbehaviorintheneartermsoasnottoinjureourselvesorourcommunityinthelongterm.Thissystemofcontrollingouractionsandourthoughtsinordertooperateinacommunityiswhatweoftenrefertoasmorality".Therefore,weneedasetofmoralsinordertooperatewithinasocialcircleandasocialenvironment.Actingimmoralusuallyresultsinbeingexcludedfromsocialactivitiesorbeingavoidedbyasocietybasedonlawsandculturalstandards.Besidesactingmoralhavingasociologicalneed,italsohasapsychologicalbasis.Mostpeopleareconcernedtosomeextentabouttheirreputation.AccordingtoPsyPost,"Alotofeconomicmodelsofhumanbehaviorassumethatpeopleareonlyrational(理性的)whentheynarrowlypursuetheirownself-interest,buthistoryshowsC.SewardHighway,Alaska.62.Thebesttitleforthepassageis__________.A.StoriesofadventurealongroadtripsC.Recognitionforclassicplacesusthatpeoplearealsotremendouslyconcernedwithbeingandappearingmoral".So,thefearofone'sreputationbeingdamagedisoftenastrongmotivatortobemoral.Andifsomeonehasbeenimmoral,mostpeoplegooutoftheirwaytomakesurenoonefindsout,ortocorrectthebehaviorinordertonotbecaught.Thisgoesinlinewithconscienceaswell.Peoplegenerallyfeelinabetterpsychologicalstateiftheyfeelthattheirconscienceisclean.Adirtyconsciencecanresultinalackofsleep,anxiety,internalstress,andevenillness.Onthesideofphilosophy,thestudyofethics(倫理)comesintoplay.Mostphilosophersagreethatoneshouldrationallychooseasetofstandardsofbehaviorinordertofunction.Thoughthereismoralrelativism,thereareuniversalanthropological(人類學(xué)的)morals,asmentionedintheintroduction.Bythenatureofoursocietiesandcultures,wechoosewhatwebelieveisrightandwrong.Butsurprising,thisrationalbehaviorcomestoageneralagreementonmorals.So,thereisafinelinebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism.Butthemainthingtotakeawayfromthisdiscussionisthatphilosophersgenerallybelievethat3eachindividualhastherighttorationallycomeupwithasetofethicstoliveby,andthatitishealthytodoso.63.Theauthordiscussesmorality(Paragraph1)inorderto___________.A.explaintherelationshipbetweenmoralityandcultureB.describethemoralrulesfoundallaroundtheworldC.contrastthedistinctionbetweenrightandwrongD.introducethedefinition,principlesandreasonsofmorality64.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat___________.A.actingmoralallowsustofitintogroupsbetterB.moralitybringsthesystemofcontrollingbehaviorsC.actingimmoralweakenslawsandculturalstandardsD.Ourcontrolledbehaviorsestablishsetsofmorals65.Whichofthefollowingisthepsychologicalbasisforactingmoral?A.Pursuitofself-interest.B.Acleanconscience.D.Adirtyconscience.C.Theconcernaboutreputation.66.Whatdoestheauthoradviseustodoaccordingtothelastparagraph?A.Toreachageneralagreementonmoralsbasedonethics.B.Tocarveone’sownsenseofethicstooperateinthisworld.C.Tochoosebetweenmoralrelativismandmoralabsolutism.D.Toexcludephilosophers’beliefsandsolutionsaswell.SectionCDirections:Readthepassagecarefully.Fillineachblankwithapropersentencegiveninthebox.Eachsentencecanbeusedonlyonce.Notethattherearetwomoresentencesthanyouneed.A.TherobotsalsocarriedaniPadthatallowedforremotevideocommunicationwithahealthcareprovider.B.Upto30percentoftheparticipantsreportedthattheywereconcernedwiththeroboticsystem.C.ResearchersfromMITandBrighamandWomen’sHospitalrecentlysetouttoanswerthatquestion.D.Currentlytheprocessrequiresseveralpeopletoperform.E.However,thequestionstillremainedwhetherpatientswouldbereceptivetothistypeofinteraction.F.Theresultsofthisstudygiveussomeconfidencethatpeoplearereadyandwillingtoengagewithusonthosefronts.TheroboticdoctorwillseeyounowIntheageofsocialdistancing,usingrobotsforsomehealthcareinteractionsisapromisingwaytoreducein-personcontactbetweenhealthcareworkersandsickpatients.However,akeyquestionthatneedstobeansweredishowpatientswillreacttoarobotenteringtheexamroom.(67)___________.InastudyperformedintheemergencydepartmentatBrighamandWomen’s,theteamfoundthatalargemajorityofpatientsreportedthatinteractingwithahealthcareproviderviaavideoscreenfixedonarobotwassimilartoanin-personinteractionwithahealthcareworker.“We’reactivelyworkingonrobotsthatcanhelpprovidecaretomaximizethesafetyofboththepatientandthehealthcareworkforce.(68)___________.Inalargeronlinesurveyconductednationwide,wealsofoundthatamajorityofrespondentswereopentohavingrobotsperformminorproceduressuchastakinganoseswab(拭子).”saysGiovanniTraverso,anMITassistantprofessorofmechanicalengineering,andtheseniorauthorofthestudy.AftertheCovid-19pandemicbeganearlylastyear,Traversoandhiscolleaguesturnedtheirattentiontowardnewstrategiestominimizeinteractionsbetweenpotentiallysickpatientsandhealthcareworkers.Tothatend,theyworkedwithBostonDynamicstocreateamobilerobotthatcouldinteractwithpatientsastheywaitedintheemergencydepartment.Therobotswereequippedwithsensorsthatallowthemtomeasurevitalsigns,includingskintemperature,breathingrate,andpulserate.(69)___________.Thestudysuggeststhatitcouldbeworthwhiletotrytodeveloprobotsthatcanperformproceduresthatcurrentlyrequirealotofhumaneffort,suchasturningapatientoverinbed,theresearcherssay.TurningCovid-19patientsontotheirstomachshasbeenshowntoimprovetheirbloodoxygenlevelsandmakebreathingeasier.(70)___________.AdministeringCovid-19testsisanothertaskthatrequiresalotoftimeandeffortfromhealthcareworkers,whocouldbearrangedforothertasksifrobotscouldhelpperformswabs.IV.SummaryWriting71.Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Summarizethemainideaandthemainpoint(s)ofthepassageinnomorethan60words.Useyourownwordsasfaraspossible.WhatMakesanIdealFriend?Tosaywhatanidealfriendisisnottheeasiestthingtodo.Eachpersonhashisorherownopinionofwhatonewouldbe.However,speakinggenerally,thesearecertainfeaturesthatmostpeopleconsidercharacteristicofanidealfriend.Loyal,trustworthy,andopentoshowweaknessarecommonqualitiesthatthemajorityofpeopleattachtoidealfriends.Loyaltyisausualqualitygiventoidealfriends.AccordingtoPsychologyToday,“Loyaltyisvaluedearlyoninallofourrelationships,fromthetimewemakeourfirstfriendships.Weneedfriendswhowon’tspilloursecretstoothers,gossipaboutus,orallowotherstocriticizeus”.Theworstactionbetweenfriendsisnotkeepingone’sword.Idealfriendsarealsousuallyreferredasbeingtrustworthy.InastatementbyPsychologyToday,theysaythat,