全國英語等級考試綜合教程課件unit 4

PublicEnglishTestSystem(III)UnitFourTransportation

ReadingGrammar

GettingReadyTextATextBContentsUnitFourTransportation

GettingReadyGettingReady1.LookatpictureA.Canyounamesomekindsofthepublicservices?UnitFourTransportationGettingReady2.LookatpictureB.Whatisthefutureofmoderntrains?UnitFourTransportationReading—TextAIntensiveReadingAfter-readingActivitiesGlobalReadingPre-reading

questions

Microsoft:CraftingImagethroughPublicRelationsUnitFourTransportationPre-readingHaveyoueverrememberedhowmanykindsofpublictransportationyouhaveused?Andwhatarethey?Whichdoyouthinkisbetterforourfutureworld,privatecarsorpublictransportation?Why?UnitFourTransportationAPTAAPTAistheleadingforceinadvancingpublictransportation.APTAmembersarepublicorganizationsthatareengagedintheareasofbus,paratransit,lightrail,commuterrail,subways,waterbornepassengerservices,andhigh-speedrail.Membersalsoincludelargeandsmallcompanieswhoplan,design,construct,finance,supply,andoperatebusandrailservicesworldwide.Governmentagencies,metropolitanplanningorganizations,statedepartmentsoftransportation,academicinstitutions,andtradepublicationsarealsopartofourmembership.Tostrengthenandimprovepublictransportation,APTAservesandleadsitsdiversemembershipthroughadvocacy,innovationandinformationsharing.APTAanditsmembersandstaffworktoensurethatpublictransportationisavailableandaccessibleforallAmericansincommunitiesacrossthecountry.UnitFourTransportationBusRapidTransitBRTisaninnovative,highcapacity,lowercostpublictransitsolutionthatcansignificantlyimproveurbanmobility.

Thispermanent,integratedsystemusesbusesorspecializedvehiclesonroadwaysordedicatedlanestoquicklyandefficientlytransportpassengerstotheirdestinations,whileofferingtheflexibilitytomeettransitdemand.

BRTsystemscaneasilybecustomizedtocommunityneedsandincorporatestate-of-the-art,low-costtechnologiesthatresultinmorepassengersandlesscongestion.UnitFourTransportationGlobalwarmingGlobalwarmingreferstotherisingaveragetemperatureofEarth’satmosphereandoceans,whichbegantoincreaseinthelate19thcenturyandisprojectedtocontinuerising.Sincetheearly20thcentury,Earth’saveragesurfacetemperaturehasincreasedbyabout0.8°C(1.4

°F),withabouttwothirdsoftheincreaseoccurringsince1980.Warmingoftheclimatesystemisunequivocal,andscientistsaremorethan90%certainthatmostofitiscausedbyincreasingconcentrationsofgreenhousegasesproducedbyhumanactivitiessuchasdeforestationandtheburningoffossilfuels.Thesefindingsarerecognizedbythenationalscienceacademiesofallmajorindustrializednations.UnitFourTransportation

Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)SkimmingandScanningAnswerthefollowingquestionsaccordingtoTextA

1.Whatistheauthor’ssuggestioninthistext?4.Whatdosomepeopleargueaboutthepublictransportation?2.AccordingtothestatisticsfromAPTA,whyshouldpeopleusemorepublictransportation?UnitFourTransportation3Whatbenefitscanthepublictransportationgenerate?5.Whataretheoptionsinpublictransportationmentionedinthetext?AnswersSomepeoplethinkitisamonopolyandbully,whilemanyothersconsideritthechampionofhigh-techinnovation.BecauseitspublicimageistheimportationfactorinMicrosoft'ssuccess.Andthoseprofessionals’majorroleistoestablishthepositiveimageofMicrosoftanditsproducts.BeforetheintroductionofeverymajorupdateofWindows,computerusersarebombardedbymediacoverageinnewspapers,magazines,television,andradioforweeks.Thecompanyalsosendsnewslettersandbrochuresinthemailtoitsusers,orallowsthemtopicktheseupatlocalcomputerstores.Thecompanyhassteppedupgiveawaystogetitsproductsintogradeschools,highschools,andcollegesthroughouttheUnitedStatesandaroundtheworld.MicrosoftonceprovidedfreesoftwareforIndianaUniversity’s91,000studentsandfreesoftwaretrainingforitsinstructors.Inaddition,millionsofdollarsworthofMicrosoftsoftwareweredonatedtoU.S.publiclibrariesthroughthechairman’scharitablefoundation.Theywilldevotethemselvestomakinguseofthatpowertopolishthecompany’simagesoastokeeptheMicrosoftbrandoneofthebestrecognizedinthecomputerindustry.UnitFourTransportationUnit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences1.Thirdly,peoplewhousepublictransportationregularlytendtobehealthierthanthosewhohaveprivatecars,sincetheformerwalkmore(fromhometothebusstationandalsofromtheofficetothebusstation)thanthelatter.UnitFourTransportationpublictransportation公共交通tendto趨向；注意；易于；有…的傾向privatecar私人汽車theformer前者thelatter后者thebusstation汽車站transportationn.運輸；運輸工具Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences1.Thirdly,peoplewhousepublictransportationregularlytendtobehealthierthanthosewhohaveprivatecars,sincetheformerwalkmore(fromhometothebusstationandalsofromtheofficetothebusstation)thanthelatter.UnitFourTransportation第三，經(jīng)常使用公共交通的人們比有私家車的人們更健康，因為前者比后者走得更多（從家到車站，同樣從辦公室到家）?！皃eoplewhousepublictransportationregularly”為定語從句，關(guān)系代詞who修飾的先行詞是people，who在從句中作主語，譯為：經(jīng)常使用公共交通的人們。Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences2.Somepeoplearguethatgoodpublictransportationisn’tavailableinsomepartsofAmericalikesmalltownsandremoteareas.UnitFourTransportationbeavailable有空的，可供使用的like像….remotearea偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)arguev.辯論，爭論

availablea.可得的，空閑的remotea.遙遠(yuǎn)的，偏僻的Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences2.Somepeoplearguethatgoodpublictransportationisn’tavailableinsomepartsofAmericalikesmalltownsandremoteareas.UnitFourTransportation有些人爭論到在美國的一些地方，比如小鎮(zhèn)和偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)很難利用到好的公共交通。在主從復(fù)合句，主句的謂語argue后可帶賓語從句，起到主句賓語的作用，所以此句為賓語從句。Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences3.Whatweshoulddonowistopersuadepeoplewithaccesstogoodpublictransportationtouseitmoreoften,what’smore,tooffermorereasonablepublictransportationtothepeopleinremoteareasorsmallvillages.UnitFourTransportationaccessto接近，有權(quán)使用，通向…的路口what’smore而且offer….to向…..主動提供accessn.進入，使用權(quán)persuadev.說服，被說服reasonablea.合理的，公道的Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences3.Whatweshoulddonowistopersuadepeoplewithaccesstogoodpublictransportationtouseitmoreoften,what’smore,tooffermorereasonablepublictransportationtothepeopleinremoteareasorsmallvillages.UnitFourTransportation我們現(xiàn)在要做的是勸說人們能使用好的公共交通并且經(jīng)常使用，而且要為偏遠(yuǎn)地區(qū)和小村落地區(qū)的人們提供適當(dāng)?shù)墓步煌ā！癢hatweshoulddonow”此句為what疑問詞引導(dǎo)的主語從句，可以位于句首，主語從句采用陳述句語序?！皌opersuadepeoplewithaccesstogoodpublictransportationtouseitmoreoften,what’smore,tooffermorereasonablepublictransportationtothepeopleinremoteareasorsmallvillages.”動詞不定式：to+動詞原形，topersuade和tooffer，在此句中作表語。Unit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Difficultsentences4.Weliveontheearth,aplanetwhichneedsmoreoxygen,morebeautifulsunshineandsufficientresource.UnitFourTransportation我們生活在地球上，一個需要更多氧氣，更美麗陽光，足夠資源的星球。此句中earth和planet是同位語關(guān)系，兩個單詞所指的是一個事物——地球。而后半句aplanetwhichneedsmoreoxygen,morebeautifulsunshineandsufficientresource.是定語從句，先行詞planet由關(guān)系代詞which修飾。connectgeneratepollutionargue

availableconvenientpersuadereasonable

1.Sinceyouknowthetopicoflecture,pleaseaskquestionsthat____toit.2.Thenewpolicyofthegovernmenttendstoraisethefuturepricetomore____level.3.Itisa____waytoraisemoneybysellingsharesinprofitableenterprises.4.Thenewconflictsbetweenthetwocountriesgenerateaseriesofproblems.5.Others____thattheeducationisnotfairinsomeremotearea.6.Unfortunately,thereisnospecificbookaboutAfricans___forthestudy.7.Air____,water____andlight____willcausethedisease.8.Typically,thesemanagerscan____somepossibleclientstofollowthem.UnitFourTransportationAnswers1.connect2.reasonable3.convenient4.generate5.argue6.available7.pollution8.persuadeUnitFourTransportationUnit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Reading—TextB

SpeedReadingUnitFourTransportationUnit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Speed-reading2.Whycanpeoplehavethedevelopingtransportationsystemsstepbystep?A.Becausepeoplefirstchangethelivingstandardsfirst.B.Becauseonlythefinancecanpushthetransportationsystems.C.Becausethedevelopmentofthetechnologyresultsinthetransportationsystems.D.Becausepeoplehavethedreamsofmoreadvancedtransportationsystems.1.PeopleusedthetransportationsasthefollowingsEXCEPT.A.locomotiveB.humanandanimalC.steamenginesD.chickenpowerUnitFourTransportationUnit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)Speed-reading3.Thewordbreakthroughinthesecondlineofthesecondparagraphmeans.A.aproductiveinsightB.makinganimportantdiscoveryC.apenetrationofabarriersuchasanenemy'sdefenseD.inventionsUnitFourTransportationUnit8PostgradauteIntensiveEnglish(II)Speed-reading4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?A.Intheindustrialrevolution,thelocomotivesandshipswerepoweredbysteamengines.B.Nowmorenewmanagementsystemshavebeeninventedtokeeptrainsandmetrosontime.C.Computerhasn’tbeenfitintothesatellitesystemandcan’tkeeptrackofeverything.D.Computersalsoareengagedinairtrafficcontrolfortake-offsandlandingsattheairports..5.Accordingtothelastparagraph,thefuturewouldbe?

Aupset

Bnochange

CchangedbytechnologyDgloomyUnitFourTransportationAnswers1.D2.C3.D4.D5.CUnitFourTransportationaUnit8PostgraduateIntensiveEnglish(II)PresentParticipleandPastParticipleGrammarpoint

UnitFourTransportationPresentParticipleandPastParticiple（現(xiàn)在分詞和過去分詞）分詞有現(xiàn)在分詞與過去分詞兩種。作為非謂語，分詞可用作形容詞和副詞，在句中充當(dāng)定語，表語，補語