2020-2021學年通用版高一英語專題精練學案3月第02期（考點01閱讀理解）

考點01閱讀理解——20192020年高一英語專題同步精練學案：河北省滄州市第一中學20202021學年高一空中課堂3月階段測試英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。AZOOKEEPERFORADAYGowildwithanextremezookeepingexperience!TheKhakiExtremeprogramisawildbehindthesceneszookeepingadventurelikenoother!Theprogramoffersthechancefor1115yearoldstoseefirsthandwhat’sinvolvedinlookingafteramazingwildlifeatAustraliaZoo.Duringtheguidedadventures,you’llgainanunderstandingandappreciationofwhat’sinvolvedinworkinginoneoftheworld’smostpopularzoologicalandconservationareas,andyou’lllovegettingupclosewiththegreatanimals.Whetherit’shelpingkeeperspreparedietsfortheanimals,cleaningenclosures(圍場)forlargeanimals,ormakingimprovedactivitiesforAustraliaZoo’swildlife—youwillhaveachancetogetinvolvedatgrassrootslevel.Afterabusymorninggettingupclosewithwildlife,youcanenjoyaspeciallyprovidedlunchwhilewatchingtheperformanceintheworldfamousCrocoseum.Thenyou’llalsoreceiveaguidedbehindthescenestouroftheAustraliaEveryseasonisdifferentandsoisourZookeeperforaDayKhakiExtremeprogram!We’llchangetheanimalsandactivitieseachschoolholidayperiodtokeepitexciting,butwithsomanygreatanimalsonoffer,theKhakiExtremeprogramisalwaysabunchoffun.Ifreptiles(爬行動物)aremoreyourthing,checkourZookeeperforaDayKhakiExtremeReptileprogram.Hereyou’llhaveawilddayoutwithsomeofAustraliaZoo’smostscaly(有鱗屑的)andslipperyfriends.Thisprogrammaynotbeavailableeveryschoolholidayperiodandprogramdateswillbelimited.Checkthebookingpageforfurtherdetailsonavailability.*aust*Opendaily9:00am—5:00pm*Bedtimeforsomeofouranimalsis4:30pm.*ClosedChristmasDay21.What’sthemainpurposeoftheKhakiExtremeprogram?A.Tohelpsaveendangeredwildlife.B.Toofferachancetofeednativewildlife.C.Toexperiencearealzookeeper’slife.D.Tolearnhowtotreatinjuredanimals.22.WhatwillyoudoafterabusymorningatAustraliaZoo?A.Makeaspeciallunchforyourself.B.Cleanenclosuresforlargeanimals.C.GiveaperformanceintheCrocoseum.D.VisittheAustralia23.WhatcanbelearnedabouttheKhakiExtremeReptileprogram?A.It’snotalwaysavailable.B.It’softenclosedat4:30pm.C.It’sstillopenonChristmasDay.D.It’sverypopularamongallthestudents.2123CDABAnunusualtriptoHawaiibroughttwostrangerscloserandcloserandtheirstorydeservesawidespread.Asherplaneslicedthroughtheskyabovetheocean,therecameasuddenthunderstorm.Fiveminuteslater,UemotoandhercopilotMcMahonheardastrangesound.Then,withoutwarning,theylostpowertobothoftheengines.Ittookthemamomenttoprocessthefactthattheymightcrash.Thepilotspoweredthroughtheitemsontheemergencychecklist.Nothingworked.Astheplanewasfalling,theyjumpedintotheocean.Bytenthatnight,theirbodiesbegantremblinguncontrollablyinthecoolnightair.Somethingmustbedonetopullthemthrough.Swimmingonherstomach,UemotohadMcMahonwraphisarmsaroundherkneessohecouldresthisheadonthebackofherlegs.Tobewithsomeoneelseandtofeelanotherperson'sfortingpresenceinthedarknesssomehowmadethesufferingbearable.Whenthesunrosethenextmorning,theycaughtsightoftheislandofHawaii,thedestinationtheyhaddareddream!Suddenly,Uemotosawashark,whichmadeherbreathcatchinherthroat."Whatdowedo?Whatdowedo?"Uemotoasked,Afterstrugglinginthewaterforover20hours,therecameaUSNavyhelicopter.Itflewoverheadandnextbankedtowardsthem.UemotoandMcMahonburstintotears.Alone,eitherofthemwouldhavedied.Buttogether,theymadeit.24.Whatcausedtheplanetocrash?A.Asuddenthunderstormhittheplane.B.Theenginesoftheplanebrokedown.C.Thepilotsoperatedtheplaneimproperly.D.Theemergencylistfailedtohelpthepilots.25.WhatdoweknowaboutMcMahoninParagraph4?A.Hecalmedhispartnerdown.B.Hekickedthesharkintheeye.C.Hewasscaredtodeathattheshark.D.Hemanagedtodrivethesharkaway.26. WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesUemotoandMcMahon?A.pushyandhumorous.B.Clearheadedandgenerous.C.Demandingandattractive.D.Strongwilledandconsiderate.27. Whatmaybethebesttitleofthepassage?A.ARaceagainstDeathB.ATestofFriendshipC.AWonderMadebyJoinedHandsD.AStruggleFoughtintheDarkness2427BADCCQueLiuandhiswifeSiEnspendtheirmorningspickingPu’erleavesinaforestnotfarfromtheirvillageinthehighlandsofsouthwestChina.Pu'erisakindofteathatisfamousforitsplextaste.Tealoverssayitstastechangeswitheachfollowingsteeping(續(xù)泡).ButthecropthisyearhasbeensmallatNannuoshan,oneofthesixmajorPu'ermountainsinYunnanProvince.Thehottestweatherandlowestrainfalltotalsinyearshavereducedproduction.“DroughtLocalofficialsblameclimatechangeforanincreaseindroughtlikeconditionsinrecentyears.Thedryweatherhasworsenedoverthepast20years,withthisyear’sdroughtbreakingsomerecords.“Theentirerainfallpatternhaschangedbecauseofglobalwarming,”saidXiaoChan,headofweatherservicesatChina*sNationalClimateCenterinBeijing.Pu'ertreesgrowinthecloudcoveredforestsofYunnan.Thetreesrequirenofertilizers（化肥）orpesticides(農(nóng)藥），unliketheteatreesgrownonlargefarmselsewhere.Theadultplantnormallyreachesaheightoffourmeters.Springproducesthehighestqualityleavesfromthetrees.Thesummerharvest,withahigherpercentageofwater,isconsideredtobelowerinquality.Summerleavesaresoldformassconsumption（大規(guī)模消費）.Thedroughtconditionshurttheeconomyofthe32villagesofNannuoshan.“MyfamilydependswhollyonPu'erteaforsurvival,earningabout200,000yuanayear，”saidZiSai’suncle，SiDa,whois44.“Thatrepresentsjustover$28,000.Thisyear，ourinehasbeencutbytensofthousandsofyuan.”Whileoneancienttree，saidtodatefrom800yearsago,survivedthedrought,otheryoungertreesdidnot.“Ifthesekindsoftreessurvive,theymayneedthreetofiveyearsforafullrecovery.”SiDaadded.“Thesetreesarequitepitiful.Theyshouldhavebeenprotectedlikechildren.”28.HowistheclimateinthePu’erteaplantingareasinrecentyears?A.Itistoowet.B.Itismuchcolder.C.Itischangingregularly.D.Itisbeingmuchdrier.29.What’stheadvantageofPu'ertreesparedwiththeteatreesplantedonotherbigfarms?A.Theyareshortandsmall.B.Theyarepollutionfree.C.Theygrowonlargefarms. D.Theyarepickedatallseasons.30.WhatdoesSiDathinkoftheyoungerteatrees?A.Theywereeasytoliveon.B.Theyshouldhavebeentakengoodcareof.C.Theytookonlyashorttimetofullyrecover.D.Theyhadbetterbecutdowntoearnmoney.31.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Theextremeweatherruinsteafarms.B.FamousteainChinamightdisappear.C.Fewteatreessurvivenaturaldisasters.D.DroughthurtsPu’erteacropsinChina.DIt'snaturalforparentstopraisetheirchildren,butofferingthispraisecouldactuallybackfire,accordingtonewscience.Inthestudy,researchersatMichiganStateUniversitylookedat123childrenwhowereabout7.Theteamassessed(評估)thechildrentodeterminewhethertheyhada"growthmindset"(believingthatyoucanworkhardertogetsmarter),ora"fixedmindset"(believingthatyourintelligenceisunabletochange).Theythenaskedthechildrentopleteafastpacedputeraccuracy（精準性）taskwhiletheirbrainactivitywasrecorded.Basedonthedatatheycollected,theresearchersconcludedthatchildrenwithagrowthmindsetweremuchmorelikelytohavealargerbrainresponseaftermakingamistake,andinturnweremorelikelytoimprovetheirperformancebypayingcloserattentiontothetaskaftermakingamistake.Whileearlierresearchhasshownthatpeoplewithafixedmindsetdidn'twanttoadmittheyhadmadeamistake,thisstudyfoundthatchildrenwithafixedmindsetwereableto“bounceback”aftermakinganerror,butonlyiftheygavetheirfullattentiontothemistakes.“Themainsuggestionhereisthatweshouldpaycloseattentiontoourmistakesandusethemasopportunitiestolearn,”studyauthorHansSchrodertoldScienceDaily.Forparents,thelessonsareclear—ifachildhandsyouanA+test,don'tsay“You'resosmart!”Instead,say"Wow,thatstudyingreallypaidoff!"or"Youclearlymasteredthismaterial—waytogo!"Notetheeffort,nottheintelligence.Second,focusonusingmistakestoworktogetherandlearn.Manyteachersandparentsavoidaddressingchildren'smistakes,tellingthem“It'sOK.You'llgetitnexttime…”Withoutgivingthemtheopportunitytofigureoutwhatwentwrong.Dr.Schrodersays,"Instead,it'sbettertomakechildrenfeelsurethatmistakeshappen,andtopayattentionandworktofigureoutwhereandhowtheymadethemistakes.”32.Theunderlinedword“backfire"inParagraph1probablymeans“”.A.makealoudnoiseB.leaveagoodimpressionC.haveanoppositeresultD.produceanexplosion33.Accordingtothetext,whichonebelongstothegroupwhohasa“growthmindset"?A.Tommanagestocorrecteverymistakebyheart.B.Marybelieveshermistakesaremadebychance.C.Johnkeepsanideathathehasagoodgiftforstudying.D.LilythinksshecangetA+withoutanyeffort.34.Ifyourchildgetsthebestmarkinthetest,youshould.A.praisehimwithsomedeliciousfoodandmoneyB.tellhimthatheisclevererthanotherstudentsC.speakhighlyofhiseffortmadeforthetestD.believethatheisanhonestandsmartchild35.Whatshouldparentsdowiththechild'smistakesfromDr.Schroder?A.Parentsshouldavoidtalkingwithchildabouthismistakes.B.Parentsshouldparehismistakeswithothers'andcriticizehim.C.Parentsshouldignorethemistakesandbelievehewilldobetter.D.Parentsshouldanalysethemistakeswiththeirchildpatiently.3235CACD（2）廣西來賓市20202021學年高一上學期期末教學質(zhì)量檢測英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。ACanalsinEuropeGascony,FranceMuchofthecanalislinedwithtrees,makingitperfectforbicycleridesalongthetwobanks.TheSaintLouisboatisagreatchoiceforthisroute.It’sspeciallydrivenbyawoman.Plus,CaptainWendyusedtobeadesigner.Hereyefordesignisontheboat,fromthehandpaintedfurnituretothelittleFlowerFestivalsheprepareseverymorning.CanalduMidiFranceTheCanalduMidi,themostfamousoftheFrenchcanals,wasbuiltinthe17thcentury.Ittook12,000workers14yearstodigthe150milecanal.Today,it’soneoftheoldestworkingcanalsintheworld.Itoffersatrulyhistoricalexperience,withvisitstotheRomanruinsandweeklymarketatNarbonne.DutchWaterways,HollandForthosewhopreferaquietplaceandwanttotravelonwaterwaysmorefrequentlybytouristboats,theNetherlandsistheperfectchoice.TheDutchWaterwaysareoftenlinedwithshopsandhomes,andyouwillgetthechancetoseeplentyofpeoplegoingabouttheirlivesasyoufloatby.Thebesttimetovisititisspring.TheCaledonianCanal,BritainIt’sperfectforpeoplewhowouldprefertositontheboatdrinkingandwatchingtheloudwatergoby.Speakingoflakes,thefamousLochNessisonthisroute.You’llalsogettolookatcastleslikeCawdorCastleandEileanDonan,thelatterofwhichappearedintheJamesfilmTheWorldIsNotenough.1.WhatisspecialaboutGascony?A.Fewmenridebikesthere.B.aboatthereisdrivenbyawoman.C.Itisaplaceusedtoshootafamousfilm.D.Itistheoldestworkingcanalintheworld.2.WhatcantravelersdowhentouringCanalduMidi?A.Learntobuildancientboats.B.Helpworkersdigthecave.C.VisittheRomanruins.D.WatchlakesinfrontofCawdorCastle.3.Whichofthefollowingisbestforthosewhoenjoyquietnesstotravel?A.DutchWaterways. B.CanalduMidi.C.Gascony. D.TheCaledonianCanal.【答案】1.B2.C3.A【解析】本文是說明文，介紹了歐洲幾條著名的運河的游覽情況。【1題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Gascony,France部分對法國Gascony運河的介紹，“TheSaintLouisboatisagreatchoiceforthisroute.It’sspeciallydrivenbyawoman”可知，Gascony運河上的游船theSaintLouis是由一位女士駕駛的，這是它的獨特之處。故選B項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)CanalduMidi,France部分對法國CanalduMidi的介紹，“Itoffersatrulyhistoricalexperience,withvisitstotheRomanruins”可知，游覽CanalduMidi運河，游客可以體驗歷史，參觀古羅馬遺址。故選C項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)DutchWaterways,Holland部分對荷蘭DutchWaterways的介紹，“Forthosewhopreferaquietplaceandwanttotravelonwaterwaysmorefrequentlybytouristboats,theNetherlandsistheperfectchoice”可知，對于那些喜歡安靜地乘游船旅行的人來說，可以選擇DutchWaterways。故選A項。BForthefirsttimesincemyopenheartoperation,Ihavetheenergytotakemyharp(豎琴)tothehospitalroomsandplayforanyonewholikesit.Icheckedinwithtwonursesandtheygavemealistofrooms.ThefirstmanIplayedforwasapatientwhofounditdifficulttosleep.Hesmiledandwithhiseyesclosed,hereachedouttomyharp.Hewasnotinterestedinmyvoice,butheappreciatedtheharp.Inthenextroomwasawomanpatient.Iplayedsomesoftmusicforherandthenshesleptsoundly.ThenIfoundalovelyelderlywomanwhowasawake.Therewereflowerseverywhereandphotosofherandherhusbandatherbedside.Sheheldmyhandandtalkedforsometimeandwaspleasedtoreceiveharpmusic.Playingforherwasaspecialpleasure.SheaskedmehowlongIhadbeenplayingtheharp,howmuchtheharpweighed,howIlearneditandwhyIwantedtolearnitandsoon.Wetalkedaboutbooksforabitaswell.Iplayeduntilhergrandsoncameinandhecamebackfromoverseastoseeher.Thiswomanwasdeeplyloved—youcouldseethat.Shewasbeautifulandkind.Ilearnsomuchfromthesebeautifulpeoplewhoarebravetofacetheirillnesses.Itisalwayssuchagreathonortoplayforthem.4.Whatdoweknowaboutthefirstmanmentionedinthetext?A.Hedislikedtheharp.BHewasnotinterestedinmusic.C.Hehadsomedifficultyinsleeping.D.Heplayedsomesoftmusicfortheauthor.5.Howdidtheauthorfeelwhenplayingfortheelderlywoman?A.Sad. B.Worried.C.Amazed. D.Pleased.6.Whatdidtheauthorsayabouttheelderlywoman?A.Shehadnorelatives. B.Shewaslovedbyherfamily.C.Shewouldrecoversoon. D.Shehadmanyhobbies.7.Howmanypatientsdidtheauthorplaytheharpforaccordingtothetext?A.Two. B.Five.C.Four. D.Three.【答案】4.C5.D6.B7.D【解析】本文是記敘文，講述了作者在心臟病手術住院期間，為其他的病人演奏豎琴的故事。作者從這些勇敢地面對疾病的人身上學到了很多東西。能為他們演奏，作者感到非常榮幸?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“ThefirstmanIplayedforwasapatientwhofounditdifficulttosleep”可知作者演奏的第一個病人難以入睡，有睡眠困難。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Playingforherwasaspecialpleasure”可知，作者覺得為那位老太太演奏是一種特殊的樂趣，很樂意為她演奏。故選D項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“hergrandsoncameinandhecamebackfromoverseastoseeher.Thiswomanwasdeeplyloved—youcouldseethat”，老太太的孫子從國外回來看她，因此可以看出她的家人非常愛她。故選B項。【7題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“ThefirstmanIplayedfor…Inthenextroomwasawomanpatient”和第三段中“ThenIfoundalovelyelderlywomanwhowasawake”可知，作者為三位病人演奏豎琴。故選D項。CScientistssayonlyenlargingtheworld’snaturereservetohelpprotectplantsandanimalsmaybeuseless.Themainreasonisthatlevelsofhumanactivityarerisinginandaroundthenaturereserves.Infact,recognizingspacesasprotectedareasisnotreducinghumanactivitythere.Theresearchersfoundthatalackofmoneytopayforlandconservation(保護)isaffectingconservationefforts.Anditisalackofmunicationbetweenpeoplewholiveinprotectednaturalareasandoutsiders.About17percentoftheworldiswithinprotectedareas,includingthenationalparks,naturereservesandwildernessareas.Protectedareasareimportantforsupportingenvironmentswithmanydifferentkindsofplantsandanimals.Theresearchersagainfoundincreasinghumanactivityinmostprotectedareasineverycountry.However,theysaidthathumanactivityappearedtobemoreofaprobleminnationswithfewerroadsandlowerlifestandardsontheHumanDevelopmentIndex(指數(shù)).Theindexusesinformationaboutlifelength,educationandearningstogradecountriesonhumandevelopment.AcrossthenorthernAustralia,protectedareasoftenprovedeffectiveatslowinghumanactivitywhenparedwithunprotectedareas.ButinSouthAmerica,SoutheastAsiaandAfricancountries,pressurefromhumanactivityinsideprotectedareaswashigher.Expertssaygovernmentsneedtoprovidefundsupporttohelpprotectedareas.Simplyrecognizingaplaceasaprotectedareacan’tbethebeginningandtheendofaconservationeffort.Workingwithlocalpeopletotakeeffortsisalsoimportant.Ifthey’renotpartnersintheprotectedareas,thenwildlifeconservationismuchmoredifficult.8.Whatareprotectedareasmainlyaffectedbyaccordingtothetext?A.Humanactivity. B.Climatechange.C.Populationgrowth. D.Environmentalpollution.9.What’stheHumanDevelopmentIndexusedtodo?A.Recordmoreroadsintheworld.B.Improveeducationinallcountries.C.Gradecountriesonhumandevelopment.D.Leadmorepeopletomakemoney.10.Whatdoexpertsadvisegovernmentstodoforprotectedareas?A.Enlargeprotectedareas.B.Offerextramoneyandworkwithlocals.C.Attractmorepeopletotravelthere.D.Allowlocalpeopletofarmthere.11.Whatcanbethebesttitleforthetext?A.PeopleMayCauseHarmtoPlantsandAnimalsB.LocalPeopleShouldFocusontheNaturalEnvironmentC.NatureReservesintheWorldShouldBeIncreasedD.NatureReservesMayNotProtectWildlifeSafely【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.D【解析】【分析】本文是議論文。作者提出了“只擴大世界自然保護區(qū)以幫助保護植物和動物可能毫無用處”的觀點，政府還應該有足夠的資金支持，需要當?shù)厝说墓餐瑓⑴c，才能真正使保護區(qū)發(fā)揮作用?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第1段中“Themainreasonisthatlevelsofhumanactivityarerisinginandaroundthenaturereserves.Infact,recognizingspacesasprotectedareasisnotreducinghumanactivitythere(主要原因是自然保護區(qū)內(nèi)和周圍的人類活動水平正在上升。

事實上，劃定某個地方是保護區(qū)并不能減少那里的人類活動)”可知，保護區(qū)最主要的是受到人類活動的影響。故選A項?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第3段中“Theindexusesinformationaboutlifelength,educationandearningstogradecountriesonhumandevelopment”可知，theHumanDevelopmentIndex是用來根據(jù)有關人的壽命、教育和收入的信息對各國人類發(fā)展水平進行分級的。故選C項?！?0題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段“Expertssaygovernmentsneedtoprovidefundsupporttohelpprotectedareas”和“Workingwithlocalpeopletotakeeffortsisalsoimportant”可知，專家建議政府要提供資金支持，要與當?shù)厝嗣褚黄鹋Σ拍鼙Ｗo野生動物。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。文章第1段提出觀點：Scientistssayonlyenlargingtheworld’snaturereservetohelpprotectplantsandanimalsmaybeuseless（科學家們認為只通過擴大世界自然保護區(qū)以幫助保護植物和動物可能毫無用處），接著文章給出了相關的論據(jù)：人類活動在自然保護區(qū)中增加，保護資金缺乏；還舉了thenorthernAustralia，SouthAmerica,SoutheastAsia和Africancountries這些具體國家和地區(qū)的實例來論證上面的觀點，所以這篇文章的開頭就是文章的主旨。文章標題應該為“自然保護區(qū)不能安全地保護野生動物”。故選D項?！军c睛】閱讀理解文章標題類的解題技巧——尋找主題句

要歸納文章的標題，關鍵是找到全文的主題句。主題句通常在文章首段，但是也可能在文章的末段、在文章的某一段落，或者分散在文章的各個段中。如果每段都有主題句，那么把各段落的主題句的中心思想集中起來，即為全文的大意。

如本篇文章的主題句就是文章第一句Scientistssayonlyenlargingtheworld’snaturereservetohelpprotectplantsandanimalsmaybeuseless；然后每一段提出支撐的論據(jù)：第二段論據(jù)是是alackofmoneytopayforlandconservationisaffectingconservationefforts，第三、四段的論據(jù)是Theresearchersagainfoundincreasinghumanactivityinmostprotectedareas，第五段是專家的建議governmentsneedtoprovidefundsupporttohelpprotectedareas和Workingwithlocalpeopletotakeeffortsisalsoimportant。從每一段的論據(jù)可以看出，文章標題應該為“只有自然保護區(qū)不能安全地保護野生動物”。DIt’snormalforteenstowanttostayconnectedwithfriendsandsocialcircle,butwhataboutthathappeninginthemiddleofthenight?TheJournalofYouthStudiesrecentlypublishednewresearchshowingthatoneinfiveteensfrom12to15regularlywaketospendallnightonsocialmedia(社會媒體).Notsurprisingly,theresearchalsoshowedthatthesesocialnightowlswerethreetimesmorelikelythanotherstofeeltiredatschoolandthatgirlsweremorelikelythanboystobecalledtooffice.Thebluelightproducedbycellphonesandputersmakesthebraintostayawake,soit'seasytoseewhyateenmightbeupallnight.AstudyinPsychologicalScienceshowedthesamebrainreaction:whenteenssawlargenumbersof“l(fā)ikes”ontheirposts,theystayedawakewithexcitementasiftheyhadeatenchocolatesorwonmoney.Besidesnotcatchinguponsleepandinterruptingtheirsleepcycle,teensmayneverfullyenterdeepsleepthatmayberesponsibleforbraindevelopmentandlearning.Consideringabout72percentofchildrenfrom6to17sleepwithsomeelectronicmediaintheirbedrooms,parentsneedtosetrulessoonerratherthanlater.“Providingaccess(使用機會)tosocialmediaisafavorthatchildrencanearnandalsolose,”JanieFeldman,anexpertwhotreatssleepdisorders(紊亂),remindsparents,“Thebadeffectisclear.Soteensandparentsshoulddiscussandagreeonitsuse,timingandaccess.Whenteenagersagreetotherules,it’seasierforparentstocontrolhowmuchtimetheyusethephonesorputers.”12.Whatdoestheunderlinedpart“nightowls”inparagraph1referto?A.Girlsoftencalledtooffice.B.Teenswhostayuplateonsocialmedia.C.Teenswhoarebusywiththeirhomeworkatnight.D.Boysregularlywakinginthemiddleofthenight.13.Howdoteensreactwhenseeingmany“l(fā)ikes”ontheirpostsaccordingtothestudy?A.Theyaretooexcitedtogotosleep.B.Theyfallasleepeasilyandhappily.C.Theyaretooexcitedtogotoschool.D.Theydecidetomakemoregoodfriends.14.WhatsuggestiondoesJanieFeldmangivetoparents?A.Makingrulesaboutmediaaccesstogetherwiththeirchildren.B.Gettingtheirchildrentodohomeworkthroughputers.C.Encouragingtheirchildrentostayconnectedwithonlinefriends.D.Stoppingtheirchildrenfromusingcellphones.15.Whatisthemainideaofthetext?A.Deepsleepmakesabigdifferencetobraindevelopment.B.Kidsaretryingtowinbackthetrustoftheirparents.C.Socialmediamayhaveabadeffectonallkindsofpeople.D.Socialmediamaycauseteens’sleepdisorders.【答案】12.B13.A14.A15.D【解析】本文是說明文?！肚嗄暄芯侩s志》最近發(fā)表的一項新研究表明，12~15歲的青少年中有1/5的人經(jīng)常熬夜，整夜的時間都花在社交媒體上。這會影響到青少年的大腦發(fā)育和他們的學習成績。父母應該和青少年一起制訂關于社交媒體的使用時間和使用權利的規(guī)則?！?2題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第一段“oneinfiveteensfrom12to15regularlywaketospendallnightonsocialmedia”可知，“nightowls”是指熬夜不睡覺、整夜的時間都花在社交媒體上的青少年。故選B項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第2段“whenteenssawlargenumbersof“l(fā)ikes”ontheirposts,theystayedawakewithexcitement”可知，當青少年看到自己的帖子上有大量的“贊”時，他們會因為興奮而無法入睡。故選A項。【14題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第3段“parentsneedtosetrules”第4段“teensandparentsshoulddiscussandagreeonitsuse,timingandaccess”可知，JanieFeldman建議父母應該和孩子一起討論和商定使用社交媒體的一些規(guī)則，如使用時間和使用權利等。故選A項。【15題詳解】主旨大意題。本文主要介紹了一項新的研究，論證了很多青少年經(jīng)常熬夜、整夜的時間都花在社交媒體上。和電腦產(chǎn)生的藍光使大腦保持清醒，使他們難以入睡。因此文章是關于社交媒體和青少年睡眠障礙的關系，社交媒體可能會引起青少年睡眠障礙。故選D項。（3）寧夏六盤山高級中學20202021學年高一下學期第一次月考英語試題閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。A2124ABCAB【答案】2528BDAD(4)唐山一中2019級高一年級“空中課堂”第一次階段性測試閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。ABrownieandSpottywereneighbordogswhometeverydaytoplaytogether.Likepairsofdogsyoucanfindinanyneighborhood,thesetwolovedeachotherandplayedtogethersooftenthattheyhadwornapaththroughthegrassofthefieldbetweentheirhouses.Oneevening,Brownie'sfamilynoticedthatBrowniehadn'treturnedhome.Theywentlookingforhimwithnosuccess.Browniedidn'tshowupthenextday,andalthoughtheymadetheireffortstofindhim,bythenextweekhewasstillmissing.Curiously,SpottyshowedupatBrownie'shousealone,barkingandjumping.Busywiththeirownlives,theypaidnoattentiontothenervouslittleneighbordog.Finally,onemorningSpottyrefusedtotake''no''forananswer.Ted,Brownie'sowner,wascontinuouslydisturbedbytheangry,determinedlittledog.SpottyfollowedTedabout,barkingallthetime,thendartingtowardanearbyemptylot(anareaofland)andback,asiftosay,''Followme!It'surgent(緊急的)!''Eventually,TedfollowedSpottyacrosstheemptylotasSpottystoppedtoracebackandbarkedencouragingly.Thelittledogledthemantoadesertedspot.ThereTedfoundhisbelovedBrowniealive,oneofhislegsstuckinasteeltrap.Frightened,TednowwishedhehadfollowedSpottyearlier.ThenTednoticedsomething.SpottyhaddonesomethingelsebesidesleadingBrownie'shumanownertohistrappedfriend.Inacirclearoundtheinjureddog,Tedfoundsomefoodremainsofeverymeal.Browniehadbeenfedthatweek!SpottyhadbeenvisitingBrownieregularly,inthehopeofkeepinghisfriendalive.SpottyhadactuallystayedwithBrownietoprotecthimfromhungerandotherdangers,andkeephisspiritsup.Brownie'slegwascarefullytreatedandhesoongotwellagain.Formanyyearsthereafterthetwofamilieswatchedthefaithfulfriendsrunningaftereachotherdownthatwellwornpathbetweentheirhouses.21.Attheverybeginning,TedpaidlittleattentiontoSpottybecause_.A.hewasnotfreeatthemoment B.hewassureBrowniewouldbeOKC.hedidn'tlikeSpotty D.hismissingdogmadehimsad22.Theunderlinedword''darting''inthethirdparagraphcanbereplacedby.A.walking B.shouting C.rushing D.looking23.AfterTedwasbroughtwhereBrowniewastrapped,he.A.managedtofreehisdogatonce B.wasverythankfultoSpottyC.regrettednotfollowingSpottyearlier D.wasangrywiththetrapmaker24.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat.A.humansandanimalsdependoneachotherforfortB.it'snotrighttohuntanimalsinanyneighborhoodC.TedhastotakebettercareofhisbeloveddoglateronD.itwasSpotty'stimelyhelpthatsavedBrownie【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.D【解析】本文是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了兩只狗之間的友情，以及在其中一只被困住時另一只如何帶領主人前去營救的故事。【21題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的Busywiththeirownlivestheypaidnoattentiontothenervouslittleneighbordog(他們忙于自己的生活，沒有注意緊張的鄰居家的小狗)可知，Ted是因為很忙所以沒有注意到Spotty。A.hewasnotfreeatthemoment(他那時候沒空)符合以上說法，故選A項?！?2題詳解】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第三段的SpottyfollowedTedabout,barkingallthetime,thendartingtowardanearbyemptylot(anareaofland)andback,asiftosay,''Followme!It'surgent(緊急的)!''可知，Spotty跟著Ted,一路叫著，朝著一塊空地darting，然后又回來，好像在說：“跟我來！很緊急”。結合句意，尤其是andback可推測劃線部分的意思是“跑”。故選C項?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的FrightenedTednowwishedhehadtakenSpotty'searlierappealsseriously可知，Ted后悔自己當時沒有跟著Spotty來。C.regrettednotfollowingSpottyearlier(后悔沒有早點跟著Spotty來)符合以上說法，故選C項。【24題詳解】推斷判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段的Browniehadbeenfedthatweek!SpottyhadbeenvisitingBrownieregularly,inthehopeofkeepinghisfriendalive.SpottyhadactuallystayedwithBrownietoprotecthimfromhungerandotherdangers,andkeephisspiritsup.(那一周Spotty都給Brownie喂食，還定時來看它，希望它的朋友可以活下去。實際上，Spotty一直和Brownie待在一起，保護它免于饑餓和其它危險，并使它精神振奮。)可推測，如果沒有Spotty的行動，Brownie很可能會被餓死，即Spotty及時的幫助救了Browni