2023年新高二英語暑假課（外研版2019選擇必修1）-第11講 Unit5詞匯和七選五閱讀（解析版）

第11講Unit5Revealingnature

學習且iT

1.提前預習新外研版選擇必修一Unit5的詞匯和閱讀

2.掌握高二閱讀長難句分析方法和七選五閱讀（說明文）解題方法

才的基礎(chǔ)知識

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重點詞匯學習

1.distantadj._____________2O.spine______________

2.seedn.____________21.myth_____________

3.muddyadj_____________22.legendn.____________

4.disgracen.____________23.detectvt._____________

5.geologistn._____________24.pesticiden.____________

6.samplen.____________25.rootn.____________

7.evolve___________26.chillin.____________

8.suspectv.____________27.link_____________

9.ancestorn.____________28.graduaten.&v.

lO.generatev.____________29.concludev.____________

11.characteristicn.3O.fungaladj.____________

12.decline____________31.cybercrime_____________

13.blame___________32centimetren._____________

14.goat____________

15.assignmentn.____________

16primitiveadj._____________

17.worldwide____________

18.giantadj.____________

19.comb-like____________

重點詞匯答案見教材詞匯表

二.重點短語

1.datebackto追溯到

2.beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事

3.answerthecall響應號召

4.ofalltime有史以來

5.inquestion討論（議論）中的

6.becrowdedwith擠滿

7.cometoexist產(chǎn)生

8.adaptto適應

9.benativeto源于...的，原產(chǎn)于…

10.bihometo是...的棲息地/家鄉(xiāng)

11.sofar到目前為止

12.carryout完成（任務）；執(zhí)行；實施

13.drive…away驅(qū)趕走...

Q考點剖析

，，lUllltllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllllll---------------------

考點1：suspecty.猜想，懷疑，覺得n.嫌疑人

要點歸納

suspectsth懷疑某事

suspectsbof(doing)sth懷疑某人有(做)某事的嫌疑

suspectthat...懷疑...；覺得....

例1.【單句填空】

(l)Oneofthesuspects(suspect)resignedafterbeingsuspectedoftheft.

(2)1begantosuspectthattheyweretryingtogetridofme.

(3)Hesuspected(suspect)nothingandwalkedrightintothetrap.

句式升級

(4)Suspectingnothing,hewalkedrightintothetrap.[用分詞作狀語升級句(3)]

考點2：declinev.減少；下降；衰落；婉言謝絕兒衰落，衰敗；減少；下降

要點歸納

(l)declineanoffer/invitation謝絕對方的主動幫助/邀請

declinetodosth謝絕/拒絕做某事

(2)declinein...在...(方面)的下降

beindecline處于下降/衰退中

onthedecline在衰退；在沒落中；在消減

語法要領(lǐng)

表示“增加”或"減少”的幅度常用介詞by,后面常跟百分數(shù)；表示“增加至產(chǎn)或“減少至I」“常用

介詞to,后面常跟具體數(shù)字。

例2.【單句填空】

(l)Hisrequesttomeetthecaptainswasdeclined(decline)yesterday.

(2)Shedeclinedtohave(have)dinnerwithusbecauseshehadsomethingtoattendto.

(3)Thenumberoftouriststothescenicspothasdeclinedby10%inrecentyearsto5million.

(4)Thenumberofpeoplewhodon*tobservetrafficruleshasbeenonthedeclinesincethenew

regulationscameintoeffect.

補全句子

(5)1canonlydeclineyourinvitation,becauseIamoccupiedinpreparingformyfinalexam.

我只能謝絕你的邀請，因為我在忙于準備期末考試。

blamev.責怪，指責；把...歸咎于n.過失；責備

要點歸納

(l)blamesbforsth因某事責備某人

blamesthonsb/sth將某事歸咎于某人/某物

betoblame(forsth)應(對某事)負責任

(2)take/beartheblamefor...承擔...的責任

put/place/laytheblameonsb/sth歸咎于某人/某物

3【單句填空】

(1)Blamed(blame)fortheaccident,thedriverhadbeenfinedagreatdeal.

(2)Thepolicebelievemorethanonepersonistoblame(blame)forthefire.

(3)Lotsofpeoplefindithardtogetupinthemorning,andputtheblameonthealarmclock.

補全句子

(4)Don*talwaysblameyourownfailureonothers.Youshouldtake/bnartheblameforfailure.

不要總把自己的失敗歸咎于他人，你應該為失敗承擔責任。

考點4：link隊把……聯(lián)系起來；連接n.聯(lián)系；紐帶

要點歸納

(l)link...to/with...將……和...連接/聯(lián)系起來

belinkedto/with與...連接/聯(lián)系起來

(2)alinkbetween...and...............和...之間的聯(lián)系

名師點津與link用法相似的短語薈萃：

把……與……連接起來

(2)connect...with/to...把...與...連接起來

⑶associate...with...把...與...聯(lián)系起來

(4)relate...to...把...與....聯(lián)系起來

列4【單句填空】

(1)Asubwaywilllinktheairporttothecitycentre.

(2)Policesuspecttheremaybealinkbetweenthetwomurders.

(3)Theisland,joined(join)tothemainlandbyalargebridge,iseasytogoto.

補全句子

(4)Yellowislinkedwith/isassociatedwith/isrelatedtoself-respect,confidenceandfriendliness.

黃色一般與自尊、自信和友好相關(guān)。

考點5：answerthecall響應號召

要點歸納

answerthephone/acall接聽電話

answerthedoor開門，應門

answerthecriticism/charge/accusation就批評/指控/譴責作出回應

answeraneed滿足需求

answeradescription與描述相符

(l)Theyoungmanansweredthecallandjoinedthearmytodefendhiscountry.

(2)1keptringingthebell,butnooneanswered(answer)thedoor.

(3)Amanansweringfanswer)thepolice'sdescriptionwasseenenteringthebuilding.

補全句子

(4)Howdoyouanswerthecriticismthatyourgovernmenthasdonenothingtohelpthe

homeless?

有人批評你們的政府沒有為無家可歸的人提供任何幫助，你對此有何回應？

考點6：beadisgrace是恥辱，是丟臉的事

要點歸納

bringdisgraceon使...蒙羞

indisgrace不光彩地

Thereisnodisgraceindoingsth.做某事不丟臉。

也2］例6【單句填空】

(l)Youareadisgracetothemedicalprofession.

(2)Hesentusawayindisgrace.

(3)Hisactionsbroughtdisgraceonthefamily.

補全句子

(4)Therewasnodisgraceinfinishingfourth.

得了個第四沒什么丟臉的。

考點7：drive???away馬區(qū)趕走...

要點歸納

driveoff驅(qū)車離去；駛?cè)?/p>

drive...out迫使...離開

drivesbto/into...迫使某人進入某狀態(tài)

drivesbtodosth迫使某人做某事

drivesbcrazy/mad把某人逼得發(fā)瘋/發(fā)狂

例7【單句填空】

(1)(2020?新高考I卷)Afloodhadhittheareaearlierthatyearandthedamageitcausedhad

drivenawayanumberofbirds.

(2)1watchedseveralpeoplegoby,getintotheircarsanddriveoff.

(3)HispassionfortraditionalChineseculturedrovehimtocome(come)toChina.

補全句子

(4)Thechildreninthetownoftenmadefunofher,whichdrovehercrazy/mad.

小鎮(zhèn)上的孩子們經(jīng)常取笑她，這簡直讓她發(fā)瘋。

真題演練

lUIIIIIHHIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIIUIIIIIIIIII......,

(-)用所給詞的適當形式填空

1.(2021?全國乙卷)Generation(generate)Xerswithyoungfamilies,likemywifeandI,canstill

finditconvenienttohaveahomephoneratherthanprovidingamobilephoneforeveryfamily

member.

2.(2021?全國乙卷)Itisdifferentfromtraditionaltourismbecauseitallowsthetravelerto

becomeeducatedabouttheareas一bothintermsofgeographicalconditionsandcultural

characteristics(character),andoftenprovidesmoneyforconservationandbenefitsthedevelopment

ofthelocalareas.

3.(2020?浙江卷)Polarbears一likeallwildanimals一shouldbephotographedfromasafe

distance(distant).

4.(2019?江蘇卷)Itseemsobviousthatevolution(evolve)shouldselectforlargerbrains.

5.(2019?4匕京卷)Atthisyear'sI/OConference,acompanyshowedanewvoicetechnologyable

toproducesuchaconvincinghuman-soundingvoicethatitwasabletospeaktoareceptionistand

bookareservationwithoutdetection(detect).

6.(2019?天津卷)Whenapredatorlivesonvariousspecies,theyareweaklylinked(link).

(二)固定用法和搭配

1.Addupalltheincomeyou*vereceivedovertheperiodjnquestion.

2.ThiskindofplantscametoexistonEarthmillionsofyearsago.

3.Airports,railwaystationsandlong-distancebusstationsarecrowdedwithhomereturnees.

4.Wedidn'taskforallthechallengesthatweface,butwe'redeterminedtoanswerthecallto

meetthem.

5.Shedeclinedtohave(have)lunchwithherfriend,sayingthatshewasn'tfeelingwell.

(三)七選五閱讀：長難句分析

Nowadaysparentsandtheirchildrenarespendinglessandlesstimecommunicatingwitheach

other.16.ItisreportedthatAmericanparentstodayspendabout40percentlesstimewiththeirchildren

thanparentsdidagenerationago.Tokeepyourfamilytimecreativeandenjoyable,belowisalistofhelpfulfamily

timetips.

Eattogether&listentoeachother

Mostchildrentodaydon'tknowthemeaningofthefamilydinnertime.Yetthecommunicationandunitybuilt

duringthistimearenecessarytoahealthyfamilylife.Sharingamealtogetherallowsparentsandtheirchildrento

talkabouteachother'slives.17

Readoften

It'simportantforparentstoreadtotheirchildren.Thelatestresearchshowsthatreadingtoyourchildrencan

helpyourchildrendevelopaninterestinknowledgeandcontributetolanguagedevelopment.ltalsoincreasestheir

concentrationonthingsandhelpsthembecomemorecurious.18.Afterreading,askquestionsaboutwhat

thebooksareabout.

Startahobbyorproject

Chooseafunactivitythatyourchildrenareinterestedinactivitieslikecooking,fishingorbikingcanbetheir

greathobbies.19.Onceachildlearnsanewskill,lethimorhertaketheleadunderyourdirection.

Planafamilyouting

20.Jumpintothefamilycarandgoforadrive.Prepareapicniclunchandvisitalocalpark.Taketime

toplayorrideabike.Aslowandrelaxingwalkinthewoodswillhelpparentscommunicatewiththeirchildren

better.Also,avisittothezooormuseumwillinspiretheenthusiasmofachildandleadtolongdiscussions.

A.Itisveryimportantforchildrentoexercise

B.Theycanopenthedoortoexcitingfamilytime

C.Sometimesgettingoutofthehouseisimportant

D.Lookforbooksthatyourchildrenwouldenjoyreading

E.Newtechnologyhasmadevideogamesmorepopularwithchildren

F.Thisisalsoanopportunityforparentstolistenandgiveadvicetotheirchildren

G.Asaresult,manychildrenaregettinglesslovethantheirparentsoncegot

【答案】

16.G17.F18.D19.B20.C

【導語】本文是一篇說明文。如今父母和孩子們彼此交流的時間越來越少。據(jù)報道，美國父母今天與孩子

相處的時間比上一代人少了40%。本文介紹增強家庭成員感情的一些活動。

【解析】

[16題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Nowadaysparentsandtheirchildrenarespendinglessandlesstimecommunicatingwith

eachother（現(xiàn)在，父母和他們的孩子花在相互交流上的時間越來越少了）”以及后句“ItisreportedthatAmerican

parentstodayspendabout40percentlesstimewiththeirchildrenthanparentsdidagenerationago（據(jù)報道，今天

的美國父母花在孩子身上的時間比上一代人少了約40%）”可知表示“結(jié)果，許多孩子得到的愛比他們的父母

曾經(jīng)得到的要少”的選項G可以起到承上啟下的作用。故選Go

[17題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Sharingamealtogetherallowsparentsandtheirchildrentotalkabouteachother's

lives.（一起吃飯可以讓父母和孩子談論彼此的生活戶可知，F(xiàn)選項“這也是父母傾聽和給孩子建議的機會''符

合語境。"talkabouteachother'slives"和"parentstolistenandgiveadvicetotheirchildren”是關(guān)聯(lián)詞。故選F。

[18題詳解】根據(jù)空后“Afterreading,askquestionsaboutwhatthebooksareabout.（閱讀后，問一些關(guān)于這些

書的問題）''可知表示''尋找您的孩子會喜歡閱讀的書籍''的選項D符合前后文語境。止匕處“whatthebooksare

about"和"Lookforbooks''是關(guān)聯(lián)詞。故選Do

[19題詳解】根據(jù)前句“Activitieslikecooking,fishingorbikingcanbetheirgreathobbies.（像烹飪、釣魚或騎

自行車之類的活動可能是他們的愛好）”以及后句"Onceachildlearnsanewskill,lethimorhertakethelead

underyourdirection（一旦孩子學會了一項新技能，讓他或她在你的指導下發(fā)揮帶頭作用）”可知，B選項“它們

可以打開通往令人興奮的家庭時光的大門”符合題意。故選Bo

【20題詳解】根據(jù)主題句“Planafamilyouting（計劃一次家庭外出活動戶以及后文介紹的戶外活動，可知，

表示“有時候出門很重要”的選項C符合前后語境，"outgoing”和"gettingoutofthehous”是關(guān)聯(lián)詞。故選Co

冒過關(guān)檢.

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一.默寫下列核心詞匯對應的詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。

1.Predictv.預測一prediction〃.預測—predictableadj.可以預測的

2.evidencen.證據(jù)一evidentadj顯然的

3.Particularadj.穿物/^^particularlyadv,尤其

4.Indicatev.暗示一indicationn.暗示，表明

5.Poisonn。毒藥—poisonousadj.有毒的

6.distant遙遠的；疏遠的—distance距離

7.characteristicn.特征，特性—?charactern,性格；特性；角色

8.evolvev.進化—evolution孔.進化(論)

9.detectv.發(fā)現(xiàn)，察覺(尤指不易覺察到的事物)—detection鹿.偵查；發(fā)覺，發(fā)現(xiàn)—detector

探測器-detectable可檢測的

二.課文語法填空

短文中的黑體部分為本單元知識點，請按要求補全短文，并背誦體會黑體部分的用法。

Whenmyunclewasyoung,heansweredthecalland1(go)toadistantislandwithhis

classmates.Hetooksomebooksaswellassomeseedswithhim.On2(arrive)atthebeautiful

island,hebecameinterestedintheplantswhichwerenativetotheisland.Heoftenobservedthemin

hissparetime.Later,mostofhisclassmatesreturnedtothecity,whilemyunclechose3(stay)

onthatisland.Mygrandfatherwassoangrythatheblamedhimforitmanytimesonthephone.

4,myuncledidn*tchangehismind.Mygrandfatherevenconsideredhimasadisgracetothe

wholefamily.

Myuncleworkedhardintheday.Inhisfreetime,hewentonstudyingthecharacteristicsof

thoseplants.Heevenhadsomesamples5(place)inhisbedroom.Justatthattimehebeganto

thinkabouthowtheyevolvedfromtheirancestors.Althoughnoincome6(generate)fromhis

study,hewascrazyaboutit.Heoftenusedsomeprimitive7(method)tocarryouthis

experiments,detectinghowtheseedsgrewintosometallplants.Therewasatime8the

numberofthoseplantswasonthedecline.Hemanagedtofindoutthereasonandcameup9a

newwaytosolvetheproblem.Later,heachievedalotinthisfield.Hewas10(absolute)a

legend!

1.went2.arriving3,tostay4.However

5.placed6.wasgenerated7.methods8.when

9.withIQ.absolutely

七選五閱讀

Recently,Tvebeenfollowingasimplerulethatishelpingmecrushprocrastination(拖延癥)andmakingit

easierformetosticktogoodhabitsatthesametime.16Therearetwopartstothe2-MinuteRule.

Part1——Ifittakeslessthantwominutes,thendoitnow.

17Forexample,washingyourdishesimmediatelyafteryourmeal,tossingthelaundryinthewashing

machine,takingoutthegarbage,sendingthatemail,andsoon.

Ifatasktakeslessthantwominutestocomplete,thenfollowtheruleanddoitrightnow.

Part2——Whenyoustartanewhabit,itshouldtakelessthantwominutestodo.

Canallofyourgoalsbeaccomplishedinlessthantwominutes?Obviouslynot.But,everygoalcanbestarted

in2minutesorless.18

Itmightsoundlikethisstrategyistoobasicfbrgrandlifegoals,butIbegtodiffer.The2-MinuteRuleworks

forbiggoalsaswellassmallgoalsbecauseoftheinertia（慣性）oflife.19Ilovethe2-MinuteRule

becauseitembracestheideathatallsortsofgoodthingshappenonceyougetstarted.

Themostimportantpartofanynewhabitisgettingstarted——notjustthefirsttime,buteachtime.Ifsnot

aboutperformance,it'saboutconsistentlytakingaction.

Ican'tguaranteewhetherornotthe2-MinuteRulewillworkforyou.20Anyonecansparethe

next120seconds.Usethistimetogetonething