人教版高中英語(yǔ)選擇性必修第三冊(cè)UNIT5Section IV含答案

PAGESectionⅣAssessingYourProgress&VideoTime[基礎(chǔ)測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅰ.根據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示寫(xiě)出正確單詞1.WhenIwasachild,Ilearnedlotsofpoems,mostofwhichIcanreciteevennow.2.Itrequireseverystudenttofillintheblanksusingproperwords.3.IhavenosympathyforJane;it’sallherownfault.4.Iadviseyoutopolishyourarticleoncemorebeforeyousendittotheeditor.5.Womensometimesfaceprejudiceintheworkplace.6.ClassicGreekdrama(戲劇)waswritteninverse,usuallyinaformalstyle.7.Theboatrockedupanddowninrhythm(節(jié)奏)withthesea.8.Iusedtobeanamateur(業(yè)余的)astronomerandwatchedthestarsthroughmytelescope.9.Tomcorresponds(通信)withhispenfriendJohnregularly.10.Thedeadline(截止日期)forapplicationsis30April.Ⅱ.用方框中所給短語(yǔ)的正確形式填空insorrow,nurseryrhyme,atdawn,bemadeupof,inthemoodfor,showsympathyfor,astringof,keepup,comeacross,cherryblossom1.OceaniaismadeupofAustraliaandNewZealandandsoon.

2.IwassohungryallthetimethatIcouldn’tkeepupmyweight-lossprogramme.

3.Nurseryrhymeshavebeentheliteratureworksthatchildrencontactearliest.

4.Ihavealotofworktodotoday,soIamnotinthemoodfortheconcerttonight.

5.Aprilismyfavouritemonthwhenthecherryblossomcomesout.

6.Shelikestowearastringofpearlsaroundherneck.

7.Ithinkshediditmoreinsorrowthaninanger.

8.Whilecleaningtheroomyesterday,Icameacrossanoldphotoofmymother.

9.Weshouldshowsympathyforthevictimsofthefloodandgivethemasmuchhelpaspossible.

10.Iwokeupatdawn,onlytofindthepeoplewerealreadyoutinthefields.

Ⅲ.單句語(yǔ)法填空1.EverytimeIthinkofher,Igetdepressedandsorrowful(sorrow).2.Theyfinishedfirstandsecondrespectively(respective).3.Sheismoody(mood)andbad-tempered,makingherhavefewfriends.4.I’vegonethroughalltheshelves(shelf),butcouldn’tfindthebookyouwant.5.Childrenwilllosetheirinnocence(innocent)astheygrowolder.6.Whatisthedeadlineforthespeechcontest?7.I’dliketostudylawatuniversitywhilemycousinprefersgeography.8.Iwalkeduptothetopofthehillwithmyfriend,whereweenjoyedasplendidviewofthelake.9.Aftergraduatingfromcollege,Itooksometimeofftogotravelling,whichturnedouttobeawisedecision.10.Childrenwhoarenotactiveorwhosedietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.[提升測(cè)評(píng)]Ⅳ.閱讀理解AIn1991,TerryGelberrentedastageattheCastilloCulturalCentretoperformhispoetry.Whenaskedbythebookingagentwhatkindofpoetryhewrote,hisresponsewas“TaxiPoetry”.Whiledrivinghistaxiandrecitingpoetry,henoticedhistaxidriver’slicensesarealsocalled“hacklicenses”.Thenhethoughtforamomentandsaid,“HackPoetry!”Thus“HackPoetry”wasborn.AtthefirstreadingofHackPoetry,afellowtaxidriverandpoetTomOstrowskijoinedTerry.ThetwocabbiepoetsreadtoanaudienceofsixpeopleplusonereporterfromNewYorkMagazine.AskedbyCharlesW.BelloftheNewYorkDailyNewswhathecalledthegrowinggroupoftaxipoetsthatappearedatreadings,Gelberreplied,“DidyouseethemovieDeadPoetsSociety?”In1992,apoetrycontestwasaddedandatelevisiongameshowwasproducedforManhattanTV.Inthefollowingyears,TerryappearedastheHackPoetatlotsofeventsreadinghisHackPoetryandwritingpoemsforspecialdayssuchaswhenanoldtaxiwasputintheMuseumofNewYork.Afterasuccessfulbusinessin1999,theHackPoetboughtanoldfarmintheCatskillMountainswherehehasbeenabletobeclosetonatureandanimals.Poetswillbeinvitedtosharethelonelinessofthehillsinaplacethatthankfullyhasnotquitemovedintothe21stcentury.

1.WhatisHackGroupaccordingtothetext?A.Anothernameforfamouspoets.B.Peoplewholiketohearothersreadpoems.C.Agroupofpeoplewholikereadingpoemsintaxis.D.Agroupoftaxidriverswhoreadandwritepoems.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“afellowtaxidriver”“twocabbiepoets”和“thegrowinggroupoftaxipoets”可知,HackGroup指的是讀詩(shī)、寫(xiě)詩(shī)的出租車(chē)司機(jī)們。故選D。答案:D2.Whatisasuitabletitleforthetext?A.PoetsforSpecialOccasionsB.TheHistoryoftheHackPoetryC.DriversandPoetsD.TaxiDriversLikePoems解析:標(biāo)題歸納題。文章敘述了1991年HackPoetry的誕生及其進(jìn)一步發(fā)展的過(guò)程,因此本文的標(biāo)題應(yīng)是“HackPoetry的歷史”。故選B。答案:B3.Whodotheunderlinedwords“theHackPoet”inthelastparagraphreferto?A.TerryGelber.B.TomOstrowski.C.CharlesW.Bell.D.Someoneunknown.解析:詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)本段中“Inthefollowingyears,TerryappearedastheHackPoet...”可知,theHackPoet指的就是特里·蓋爾伯。故選A。答案:A4.WhywastheoldfarmintheCatskillMountainschosen?A.Itislargeinarea.B.Itisagoodplacetogohunting.C.Itisaprimitiveplaceseldomdisturbed.D.Itisaniceplaceforcommerceandtrade.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章最后兩句可知,卡茲基爾山是一個(gè)比較原始的、還沒(méi)有被現(xiàn)代文明所打擾的、人們可以親近大自然與動(dòng)物的地方,故選C。答案:CB(2022年·新高考Ⅰ卷)Humanspeechcontainsmorethan2,000differentsounds,fromthecommon“m”and“a”totherareclicksofsomesouthernAfricanlanguages.Butwhyarecertainsoundsmorecommonthanothers?Agroundbreaking,five-yearstudyshowsthatdiet-relatedchangesinhumanbiteledtonewspeechsoundsthatarenowfoundinhalftheworld’slanguages.Morethan30yearsago,thescholarCharlesHockettnotedthatspeechsoundscalledlabiodentals,suchas“f”and“v”,weremorecommoninthelanguagesofsocietiesthatatesofterfoods.NowateamofresearchersledbyDamiánBlasiattheUniversityofZurich,Switzerland,hasfoundhowandwhythistrendarose.Theydiscoveredthattheupperandlowerfrontteethofancienthumanadultswerealigned(對(duì)齊),makingithardtoproducelabiodentals,whichareformedbytouchingthelowerliptotheupperteeth.Later,ourjawschangedtoanoverbitestructure(結(jié)構(gòu)),makingiteasiertoproducesuchsounds.TheteamshowedthatthischangeinbitewasconnectedwiththedevelopmentofagricultureintheNeolithicperiod.Foodbecameeasiertochewatthispoint.Thejawbonedidn’thavetodoasmuchworkandsodidn’tgrowtobesolarge.AnalysesofalanguagedatabasealsoconfirmedthattherewasaglobalchangeinthesoundofworldlanguagesaftertheNeolithicage,withtheuseof“f”and“v”increasingremarkablyduringthelastfewthousandyears.Thesesoundsarestillnotfoundinthelanguagesofmanyhunter-gathererpeopletoday.Thisresearchoverturnsthepopularviewthatallhumanspeechsoundswerepresentwhenhumanbeingsevolvedaround300,000yearsago.“Thesetofspeechsoundsweusehasnotnecessarilyremainedstablesincetheappearanceofhumanbeings,butratherthehugevarietyofspeechsoundsthatwefindtodayistheproductofacomplexinterplayofthingslikebiologicalchangeandculturalevolution,”saidStevenMoran,amemberoftheresearchteam.5.WhichaspectofthehumanspeechsounddoesDamiánBlasi’sresearchfocuson?A.Itsvariety.B.Itsdistribution.C.Itsquantity. D.Itsdevelopment.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第二段內(nèi)容可知,布拉西的研究重點(diǎn)是在語(yǔ)言的演變上。故選D。答案:D6.Whywasitdifficultforancienthumanadultstoproducelabiodentals?A.Theyhadfewerupperteeththanlowerteeth.B.Theycouldnotopenandclosetheirlipseasily.C.Theirjawswerenotconvenientlystructured.D.Theirlowerfrontteethwerenotlargeenough.解析:細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段內(nèi)容可知,古代成年人的下顎結(jié)構(gòu)使他們很難發(fā)出唇齒音。故選C。答案:C7.Whatisparagraph5mainlyabout?A.Supportingevidencefortheresearchresults.B.Potentialapplicationoftheresearchfindings.C.Afurtherexplanationoftheresearchmethods.D.Areasonabledoubtabouttheresearchprocess.解析:段落大意題。根據(jù)第五段內(nèi)容可知,本段主要是通過(guò)列分析結(jié)果來(lái)進(jìn)一步證明研究的結(jié)果。故選A。答案:A8.WhatdoesStevenMoransayaboutthesetofhumanspeechsounds?A.Itiskeytoeffectivecommunication.B.Itcontributesmuchtoculturaldiversity.C.Itisacomplexanddynamicsystem.D.Itdrivestheevolutionofhumanbeings.解析:推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段內(nèi)容可知,史蒂文·莫蘭認(rèn)為語(yǔ)言是一個(gè)復(fù)雜的動(dòng)態(tài)系統(tǒng)。故選C。答案:CCTopPoetryWritingTipsTip1:Poetryinvolveswork,restandplay.9.Itinvolveshardwork,especiallyintheearlystagewhenyouaredecidingontheoverallformandtoneofthepoem,andgettingthebonesofitontothepage.Butwritingpoetryshouldbeaplayfulactivity,too.Havefunplayingaroundwiththelanguage,theideasandthemusicinsidethepoem.Tip2:Poetryrequiresbothwordsandsilence.Poetryhasbeendefinedas“thebestwordsintheirbestorder”.Chooseyourwordscarefullyfortheirsoundsandmeaning.10.Justasthewhitespaceonthepageisneededtoshapethepatternofwords,sothethoughtsthatareleftunsaid,thepausesandthequiethints,willaddsomethingextratoyourpoem.11.Ifyouhavecreatedenoughsolidsteppingstonesinwordsandthoughts,thenthereaderwillfollowyoutotheendofthepoem.Tip3:12.Poetsoftenturntowritingapoemwhentheyexperienceastrongemotionandhavetheneedtoexpressit.Thereadingofotherpeople’spoetrycanalsogivecomfortorasensethatyouarenotaloneinhowyouarefeeling.Butbecarefulnottowriteyourpoemwithabstractemotionsanddon’ttellyourreadershowtothinkorfeel.Tip4:Writingpoetrycanbedifficulttostartandhardtoletgo.Itisoftendifficulttoknowhowtostartapoem,butthetrickistorecognisethebeginningsofthem,ineverydaylife.13.Theycanstartfromrememberingafunnyconversationthatyou’veoverheardatthebusstop,yesterday’snightmare,asecretyou’vebeentold,oraninterestingpostcardthatyouhavenoticedinashop.Ifyoucatchyourselfthinkingaboutsomethingformorethanaminuteortwo,that’swhenyoureachforapenandsomepaperandstartjottingdown(匆匆記下)thoughts,wordsandphrases.A.Butpoetryisalsoaboutsilence.B.Writingagoodpoemrarelycomeseasily.C.Don’tbeafraidofthegapsthatyouleave.D.Poetryneedsanemotionandacontrolofit.E.Poetrysetsthesceneforreaderstostepinto.F.Poemsdon’thavetocomefromexcitingevents.G.Youmustwriteyourfeelingsandviewswithpassion.9.解析:根據(jù)下文“Itinvolveshardwork...”可知,寫(xiě)一首好詩(shī)是不容易的,故選B。答案:B10.解析:根據(jù)標(biāo)題“Poetryrequiresbothwordsandsilence.”可知,本段闡述詩(shī)歌不僅需要文字也需要留白。本段前兩句已經(jīng)闡述了words,因此空格處以及下文應(yīng)該是闡述silence。故選A。答案:A11.解析:空格上文闡述為了塑造文字的模式,頁(yè)面上要留下空白,詩(shī)歌也一樣,需要停頓和暗示,因此“不要害怕留下空白”,符合語(yǔ)境。故選C。答案:C12.解析:空格處是段落主題句。分析段落中的核心詞匯astrongemotion、comfort、alone、abstractemotions、feel等都和情感有關(guān)系,故選D。答案:D13.解析:根據(jù)上文“...thebeginningsofthem,ineverydaylife.”和下文“...startfromrememberingafunnyconversation...yesterday’snightmare,asecretyou’vebeentold,oraninterestingpostcardthatyouhavenoticedinashop.”可知詩(shī)歌來(lái)自日常生活,不必一定來(lái)自令人激動(dòng)的大事,故選F。答案:FⅤ.完形填空HowDidPoetryBegin?Poemscanmakeyoufeelemotions,likeangerorsadness,dependingonthewordsandhowtheyareputtogether.Thatisthe1ofpoetry.

Poetry2evenbeforehumansknewhowtoreadandwrite,datingbacktoaround3000BCE.Someoftheearliestpoetrywas3orsung,andwasusedasawaytorecordandpassdownhistoricalandreligiousstoriesandculturaltraditionsfromonegenerationtothenext.Sincewritingwasnotpractisedthen,certainsoundsandrhymeswereusedtomakethesestories4andtherefore,memorable.

Thereare5threetypesofancientpoetry.Thefirstwasanepic(史詩(shī))orlongnarrative(敘事的)poetryusuallyabouta6event.Thesecondtypewaslyric(抒情的)poetryorpoetrythat7personalfeelings.Finallytherewasdramaorstorieswritteninverseandusually8likeGreektragediesandShakespeare’splays.

Theinventionoftheprintingpress(印刷機(jī))inthe15thcenturybroughtpoetrytothecommonpeople.Thiswasfollowedbyseveralmajorliteraryperiods,duringwhichpoetry9dramaticchanges.TheystartedwithEurope’sRenaissanceperiodfromthe14thtothe16thcentury,whichfirsthelpedpoetryandpoetslikeShakespeareandSirWalterRaleighbecomepopular.

TheRomanticperiodsaw10poemsthatexpressedapoet’sjoys,hopes,andsorrowsinaconversationaltone.ThencametheVictorianera,whichsawthe11ofstructuredpoemsandthebirthofmodern“12verse”poetry.AmericanpoetWaltWhitman’sLeavesofGrassis13tobethefirstexampleoffreeversepoetry.

Modernpoetryisa14ofallofthesestyles.Westillseerhymesinchildren’spoemsandinthepopularAfrican-Americanstylesofhiphopandrapmusic,whicharea15ofrhymedpoetryputtoamusicalbeat.

1.A.style B.power C.tone D.rhyme解析:根據(jù)上文中“Poemscanmakeyoufeelemotions,likeangerorsadness...”可知,詩(shī)歌可以讓人們感受到情感,比如生氣或者悲傷等,這說(shuō)明了詩(shī)歌的力量。style風(fēng)格;power力量;tone語(yǔ)氣,音調(diào);rhyme押韻。故選B。答案:B2.A.existed B.survivedC.changed D.mattered解析:句意:詩(shī)歌甚至在人類(lèi)懂得如何閱讀和寫(xiě)作之前就已經(jīng)存在了。exist存在;survive幸存;change改變;matter有關(guān)系,重要。故選A。答案:A3.A.published B.copiedC.analysed D.recited解析:早期的一些詩(shī)歌被背誦或歌唱,是一種將歷史和宗教故事以及文化傳統(tǒng)記錄下來(lái)和代代傳遞下去的方式。publish出版,發(fā)行;copy復(fù)制,抄寫(xiě);analyse分析;recite背誦,吟誦。故選D。答案:D4.A.mysterious B.interestingC.blank D.difficult解析:運(yùn)用某些聲音和韻律可以使這些故事有趣,因此也令人難忘。mysterious神秘的;interesting有趣的;blank空白的;difficult困難的。故選B。答案:B5.A.mainly B.eventuallyC.specially D.widely解析:根據(jù)下文可知,主要有三種類(lèi)型的古詩(shī)。mainly主要地;eventually終于,最后;specially特別地;widely廣泛地。故選A。答案:A6.A.typical B.folkC.romantic D.historical解析:根據(jù)空格前面的“anepicorlongnarrativepoetry”可知,這里指的是史詩(shī)或某一歷史事件的長(zhǎng)篇敘事性的詩(shī)歌。typical典型的;folk民間的,民俗的;romantic浪漫的;historical歷史的。故選D。答案:D7.A.expressed B.explainedC.avoided D.limited解析:空格處所在句子是給抒情詩(shī)下定義的,即抒情詩(shī)是表達(dá)個(gè)人情感的詩(shī)歌。express表達(dá);explain解釋;avoid避免;limit限制。故選A。答案:A8.A.sortedout B.triedoutC.actedout D.carriedout解析:根據(jù)空格前面的“therewasdramaorstorieswritteninverse”可知,這些詩(shī)歌是戲劇或詩(shī)體故事,通常是表演出來(lái)的。sortout分類(lèi);tryout試驗(yàn),選拔;actout表演;carryout開(kāi)展,實(shí)施。故選C。答案:C9.A.wentthrough B.gotoverC.gaveup D.letout解析:根據(jù)空格前面的“severalmajorliteraryperiods”和后面的“dramaticchanges”可知,在這幾個(gè)時(shí)期中,詩(shī)歌經(jīng)歷了巨大的變化。gothrough經(jīng)歷,仔細(xì)檢查;getover克服;giveup放棄;letout發(fā)出,泄露。故選A。答案:A10.A.excellent B.specific C.sensitive D.personal解析:根據(jù)下文中的“thatexpressedapoet’sjoys,hopes,andsorrows”可知,這里指的是表達(dá)個(gè)人情感的詩(shī)歌。excellent極好的;specific具體的,特定的;sensitive敏感的,體貼的;personal個(gè)人的,私人的。故選D。答案:D11.A.end B.start C.core D.source解析:此處和后面的“thebirthofmodern‘12verse’poetry”中的birth對(duì)比,因此指structuredpoems的結(jié)束。end結(jié)束,末尾;start開(kāi)始;core核心,精髓;source來(lái)源。故選A。

答案:A12.A.simple B.shortC.oral D.free解析:根據(jù)下文中的“thefirstexampleoffreeversepoetry”可知,此空應(yīng)填free。simple簡(jiǎn)單的;short短的,矮的;oral口頭的;free自由的,免費(fèi)的,空閑的。故選D。答案:D13.A.referred B.consideredC.chosen D.treated解析:結(jié)合上下文可知,此處是說(shuō)美國(guó)詩(shī)人沃爾特·惠特曼的《草葉集》被認(rèn)為是自由詩(shī)的第一例。refer提及,參考,查閱;consider認(rèn)為,考慮;choose選擇;treat對(duì)待。故選B。答案:B14.A.contest B.combinationC.variety D.number解析:現(xiàn)代詩(shī)歌是所有這些類(lèi)型的結(jié)合。contest比賽,競(jìng)爭(zhēng);combination結(jié)合;variety多樣化;number數(shù)量,數(shù)目。故選B。答案:B15.A.form B.performanceC.cause D.result解析:結(jié)合空格前面的“children’spoems”和“hiphopandrapmusic”可知,它們是押韻詩(shī)歌的一種形式。form形式;performance表演,表現(xiàn);cause起因;result結(jié)果。故選A。答案:AⅥ.讀后續(xù)寫(xiě)Itisnaturalthateverystudentremembersthefirstdayatschoolwell.ItgavemeaterriblefeelingoffearandanxietybutIalsomadeagoodfriend.WhenIwasoftheschool-goingage,itwasmymotherwhofirstthoughtofsendingmetoschool.WhensheexpresseditIthoughtthatshewasaheartlesswoman.Itseemedtomethatmyhappydaysofplayingwithmytoysweretakenfrommeforever.AsIwenttoschoolwithmyfather,mymindwasdisturbedatfirst.AlthoughIhadheardaboutschool,Ihadnotvisiteditearlier.Myfathertookmetoschoolwhichwasanunknownplaceforme.Teachersandstudentswerestrangerstome.WhenIenteredtheschoolIfeltnervous.Itwasabigbuildingwithtallwalls.Theatmosphereoftheschoolwascalmandquiet.However,asasmallchildIcouldnotfeelstableatthesightofthebuilding.Iwasnotacquaintedwithsuchatmosp