選擇性Unit5LaunchingYourCareer基礎知識單元語法（長難句分析）（學生版）

【人教版2019】選擇性必修第四冊Unit5LaunchingYourCareer基礎知識+單元語法（長難句分析）【課前檢查】一、單句語法填空1.LiZhangyu,bornwith___________(disable),becamethechampionoftheParalympics,whichwasveryhonourable.2.Iresigned___________theforeignpanyinordertotakeamorechallengingjob.3.Derartuisanoutstandingathleteanddeserved___________(win)inthelastgame.4.Thereisnodoubt___________intheInternetera,onemustgetagoodmandofputerskillstobesuccessfulingettingagoodjob.5.Whilethereareeconomiclimits,ourdreamis___________(find)acureforHIVinfection.6.Sometimes,Iregretnot___________(make)betteruseoftimethathasgoneby.7.Whiletherearemanyadvantagesofhavingapet,somepeoplemaybeallergic___________pets.8.Chinaisthebirthplaceofkites,from___________kiteflyingspreadtoJapan,Korea,ThailandandIndia.9.Educationshouldbeauniversalrightandnot___________privilege.10.The_________(shade)areasoftheplansshowwherethehouseswillbebuilt.二、語法填空Oneday,Iwasfortablywaitingformyflightwithagoodbooktoreadwhen1.________elderlyladywaswheeledtoourwaitingarea.Inoticedthetroubleshewashaving2.________(try)toopenapacketofnutswithhershakinghands.Nooneelsewaswillingtomeethergaze(目光),soI3.________(offer)tohelp.Theladywasverygrateful.Wesatandchatted.Thetimecametoboardtheplane.Shecouldwalkbutneededsome4.________(assist),soIvolunteeredtohelpherandcarryherbag.AsIhelpedherget5.________(settle),Inoticedher“seatmate”,abusinessman,lookedabithorrifiedathavingtomaketheflightwithher.Heofferedtochange6.________(seat)withme—andIagreed.Wehadalongchat.Aswewereenteringanothercountryweneededtofilloutforms.Iofferedtofill7.________(her)outbecauseofhershakinghands.WelandedandIneededtochangeplanes,butIhelpedherfirst.Thewheelchairsheorderedwasnowheretobeseensoweslowlywalkedtothegate8.________herdaughterwaswaiting.Asaresult,Ihadtoruntocatchmyconnectionbut,asIthoughtabouttheexperience,Isawher9.________myairportangel,achanceformetohopethatinthefuturewhenI'minmyeightiesandtraveling,someonewilltakethetime10.________(connect)withme.【問題查找】單句語法填空1.Icanspy________myneighboursthroughthiswindowwithoutbeingseen.2.The________(law)claimsthattheaccusedwasnotguilty.3.Atthattimehisfatherwasheavily________debt.4.They________(accuse)ofgivingoutstatesecretsandweresentencedtojail.5.Fromwhatissaidabove，wecandrawa________(conclude).6.Shewasnotusedto________(mix)withpeopleofhighsocialrank.7.Thereceptionistattended________thesickaccountantwithcare.【要點精講】【重點單詞】1.bouncev.(使)彈起；反射；試探地透露(主意)；蹦；顛動n.彈跳；跳動；彈性；反彈力；活力；精力【原句復現(xiàn)】Somepeopleknowwhattheywanttodofromayoungage，butmanyothersjusthaveafewideasbouncingaroundintheirheads.有些人年輕時就清楚自己想做什么，但更多的人往往是只有一些想法在腦子里晃來晃去。[一詞多義]寫出下列句子中bounce的漢語意思(1)Theballbouncedtwicebeforehecouldreachit._______________(2)Hebouncedhisideasoffcolleagueseverywherehewent._______________(3)Yourarmsandlegsneedprotectionfromlightbouncingoffglass._______________(4)Patsyhadpickedupthebabyandwasbouncinghimonherknee._______________【歸納拓展】bouncearound蹦來蹦去；彈來彈去bounceback恢復健康(或信心等)；重整旗鼓bouncesb.intosth.追逼(或催逼)別人做某事bouncesth.offsb.向某人透露某事【即學即練】(1)He’shadalotofproblems，buthealwaysseemstobounce_______________prettyquickly.他遭遇過很多挫折，但他似乎總能很快地振作起來。(2)Theproblemoftrafficjambouncedthecityadministration_______________correspondingmeasures.交通堵塞問題迫使城市管理部門作出相應的措施。2.lawyern.律師【原句復現(xiàn)】Othersfocusmoreonaskingyoutoratedifferentkindsofworkscenarios,likeworkingasalibrarianoralawyer.其他人更多地關注于要求你對不同類型的工作場景進行評分,比如擔任圖書管理員或律師?！練w納拓展】Lawn.法律break/obeythelaw違法/守法bylaw依據(jù)法律、依法beagainstthelaw違法withinthelaw在法律范圍內(nèi)【即學即練】用law相關短語填空1.______________,youareachilduntilyouare18.2.He_________________________,andthereforehewasputintoprison.3.Idon'tthinkitrighttousephotocopiedmaterialsevenintheclassroombecauseit's__________________.3.debtn.債務；欠款【原句復現(xiàn)】Helpandadvisepeopleinseriousdebt.幫助和提供建議給負債累累的人?！練w納拓展】indebt負債outofdebt不欠債payoffdebts還清債務owesb.adebt欠某人一個人情【即學即練】單句語法填空1.Sincehismotherhasbeenillforalongtime,heisheavily________debt.2.IttookCharlietenyearstopay________hisdebt.3.Businessisdownthisyear,andthepanywillrun_________debtbytheendoftheyear.4.participantn.參與者；參加者【原句復現(xiàn)】Onepopulartestaskstheparticipantstogradetheirpreferencesforavarietyofworktasks.一項流行的測試要求參與者對各種工作任務的偏好進行打分?！練w納拓展】participatevi.參與；參加participationn.參與；參加participatewithsb.insth.與某人分擔某事；同某人參與某事participatein(doing)sth.參加(做)某事【即學即練】(1)Allthe__________________areopponentsandthereforeyoushouldwinthetournamentonyourown.所有的參與者都是對手，你應該獨立自主去贏得錦標賽。(2)Theactivityweparticipated__________________wasmeaningful,whichgavemeagreatdealofinspiration.我們參加的活動很有意義，給了我很大的啟發(fā)。(3)Isuggestthatyoushouldparticipate__________________yourfriendinhissufferings.我建議你應當分擔朋友的苦惱。(4)Thingswillturnforthebetterifwecanworkoutsome__________________(participate)rulesforpeopletoobey.如果我們能制定一些讓人們遵守的參與規(guī)則，事情就會好轉。5.accusevt.控告;控訴;譴責spyn.密探；間諜vi.從事間諜活動；監(jiān)視vt.突然看見；認出【原句復現(xiàn)】Therewasahugedebateaboutwhetherthereportershouldbeaccusedofspyingonthestarcouple.關于這位記者是否應該被指控暗中監(jiān)視著這對明星夫婦的罪名爭論激烈?！練w納拓展1】accusesb.of(doing)sth.控訴某人（做）某事chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人（做）某事theaccused被告【易混辨析】accuse，charge，blame※accuse控告，指控；指責，譴責。常用于accusesb.of(doing)sth.指控某人(做了)某事?！鵦harge控告；譴責。常用于chargesb.with(doing)sth.指控某人(做了)某事?！鵥lame責備，譴責；歸咎于，歸罪于。常用于blamesb.forsth.因某事指責某人；blamesth.onsb.把某事歸咎于某人?！炯磳W即練1】單句語法填空1.Theywereaccusedof_________(give)outstatesecretsandweresentencedtojail.2.Hewascharged_________murderyesterday,whichmadeusallsurprised.3._________(accuse)ofstealingmoney,themanwasbroughttothecourt.4.Theformerfootballchampion_________(accuse)ofsellingherointoanumberofdrugusers.【歸納拓展2】spyoutsth.查清楚/搞明白某事spyonsb./sth.暗中監(jiān)視某人/某事；偵查某人/某事spyfor為......刺探情報【練習2】單句語法填空1.Hehasbeeninprisonforfiveyearsafterbeingaccusedofworkingas_________spy.2.Tohishorror,hesawamanspying_________himfrombehindatree.6.dedicatevt.把……奉獻給【原句復現(xiàn)】ZhongYang;1964－2017;botanist，professoratFudanUniversity;dedicatedhislifetoresearchonseeds;鐘揚，1964－2017;復旦大學植物學家、教授，畢生致力于種子研究；【歸納拓展】dedicateoneself/one’slifeto...獻身于……dedicate...tosb.把……奉獻給某人dedicatedadj.獻身的；專心致志的bededicatedto獻身于；專心致志于【即學即練】(1)Hehas____________________hisworkandbeejustawritingmachine.他忘我地投入工作，就像是一臺寫作機器。(2)Heistotally____________________(dedicate)andbringsoutthebestinhispupils.他全身心地投入，最大限度地激發(fā)學生的潛能。(3)ItisadmirablethatBessiehasdedicatedherlife____________________participatinginpublicwelfareprograms.令人敬佩的是，貝茜一生都致力于參與公益事業(yè)。7.supervisevt.&vi.主管；指導；監(jiān)督【原句復現(xiàn)】Youwillberequiredtosuperviseand/orhelpoutinavarietyoftasksandrecreationalactivities.你將被要求監(jiān)督和/或幫助完成各種任務和娛樂活動?！練w納拓展】supervisionn.監(jiān)督；管理undersupervision在監(jiān)督之下表示“超，超級”。例如：superheron.超級英雄supermann.超人supermarketn.超市【即學即練】(1)Thegovernmentshould_______________(supervise)whattheseaccountantssaidanddid.政府應該監(jiān)督這些會計師的言行。(2)Atoddlerrequiresclose_______________(supervise)andfirmcontrolatalltimes.剛學步的孩子時刻需要寸步不離的照看，并要牢牢看緊。(3)Newstaffinthisprofessionaresupposedtowork_______________supervisionforthefirstthreemonths.這個行業(yè)的新職員前三個月應該在指導下進行工作。8.priorityn.優(yōu)先事項；首要的事；優(yōu)先【原句復現(xiàn)】Ihavebeencaptainofmyschooltabletennisteamfortwoyears，soIknowhowtoleadanddecideonpriorities.我在學校乒乓球隊當了兩年隊長，所以我知道如何領導和決定事情的輕重緩急?！練w納拓展】havepriorityover優(yōu)先于......；比......重要givepriorityto給......優(yōu)先權inorderofpriority按照優(yōu)先順序prioradj.先前的；優(yōu)先的；較重要的；在前面的priorto在前，居先【即學即練】(1)Itiswidelyacknowledgedthatstabilityisthefirst_______________(prior)forusingsuchproducts.人們普遍認為，穩(wěn)定性是使用此類產(chǎn)品的第一要務。(2)Accordingtothe_______________(priority)negotiation，thefleetsofthetwocountrieswithdrawfromtherelevantwatersatthesametime.根據(jù)先前談判，兩國艦隊同時撤離相關海域。(3)Indevelopingcountries,citiesoften________________________ruralareasforenergysupply.(4)Weshould________________________thedevelopmentofthebasicindustries.9.employern.雇主；老板【原句復現(xiàn)】Ifyouweretheemployer,wouldyouhireyourpartner?如果你是雇主，你會雇用你的同伴嗎?【歸納拓展】employeen.受雇者；雇工；雇員employmentn.職業(yè)；工作；使用employvt.雇用；利用(時間、精力等)employsb.as...雇用某人作……employsb.todosth.雇用某人做某事beemployedindoingsth./employoneselfindoingsth.從事于/忙于(做)某事【即學即練】(1)Allthe________________resignbecausethe________________istoounreasonable.因為老板太不講理，雇員全體辭職。(2)Thelawforbidsthe________________(employ)ofteenagersundereighteeninthecottonmills.法律禁止紡織廠雇用十八歲以下的青少年。(3)Adozenmorepeople________________(employ)bythebakerytoexpanditsbusiness.這家面包店又雇用了十幾個人來擴大業(yè)務。(4)He________________(employ)himselfinbarbecuingonthegrillintheopenairnow.他現(xiàn)在正在露天燒烤。10.acquirevt.獲得；購得【原句復現(xiàn)】Remember,theknowledgeyouacquireandthediligentattitudeyoudevelopinhighschoolwillbeinvaluableintherealworld.記住,你在高中獲得的知識和你養(yǎng)成的勤奮態(tài)度在現(xiàn)實世界中將是無價的?！練w納拓展】acquire:指經(jīng)過不懈努力才獲得的技術、知識等抽象的東西,也指養(yǎng)成習慣等achieve:強調(diào)由于極大的努力,克服困難后達到目標attain:正式用語,指經(jīng)過艱苦努力才使人達到完美境地obtain:指經(jīng)過努力或付出代價或經(jīng)過很長時間才得到所需要的東西【即學即練】單句語法填空1.Infectiousdiseasescan___________(acquire)inseveralways.2.Thisinformationwillbeamalgamated（合并）withinformation___________(obtain)earlier.3.Jimishalfwayto___________(attain)hispilot'slicence.【重點短語】1.inconclusion總而言之；最后【原句復現(xiàn)】Inconclusion，careeraptitudetestsareclearlyaveryusefultool.總之，職業(yè)能力測試顯然是一個非常有用的工具?！練w納拓展】draw/reach/eto/arriveataconclusion得出結論concludev.斷定；推斷出；得出結論；(使)結束，終止conclude...from...從……中推斷出……conclude...with...以……結束……[溫馨提示]除inconclusion外，寫作時還常常用到下面短語作為全文總結語。①inshort②inaword③inbrief④allinall⑤tosumup⑥briefly(speaking)⑦onthewhole【即學即練】(1)__________________________,heisyoungenoughtobouncebackfromthisdisappointment.總之，他還年輕，會很快從失望沮喪中恢復過來的。(2)Icametoaconclusion__________________________myownexperiencesthatwherethereisawillthereisaway.我從親身經(jīng)歷中得出結論：有志者，事竟成。(3)Whentheprimeministerisabouttofinishhisspeech，healwaysconcludesit____________________importantpoints.當首相即將結束他的演講時，他總是以幾個要點來結束(演講)。2.attendto關懷；照料；處理【原句復現(xiàn)】Wearebuildingateamofkeenyoungpeopletohelpusattendtohundredsofstudentsfromallovertheworld.我們正在組建一支由熱心的年輕人組成的團隊，來幫助我們照料來自世界各地的數(shù)百名學生?！練w納拓展】attendvt.照顧；護理；出席；參加attend(to)sb.照料/關懷某人attendancen.出席；參加attendantn.服務員；隨員；陪從[聯(lián)想]“照看/照顧某人”的多種表達：attend(to)sb.careforsb.takecareofsb.lookaftersb.【即學即練】(1)Hisjobisto______________(attend)thosewhosufferfromcardiacattackcarefully.他的工作是細心照料那些心臟病發(fā)作的人。(2)InFerghana,he______________(attend)amountainfuneralfollowedbyastrangedrinkingparty.(2020·新高考全國Ⅰ)在費爾干納，他參加了一個山區(qū)葬禮，隨后是一個奇怪的飲酒派對。(3)Hetoldmethathewouldhaveanimportantparty______________(attend)thatnight.他告訴我他那天晚上要參加一個重要的聚會。(4)Thescientist’s______________(attend)atthepressconferencegotaroundofapplausefromthereporters.這位科學家出席記者招待會得到了記者們的熱烈掌聲。(5)Unlikewesterncustoms,itisgoodmannerstobepunctualifyouareinvited______________(attend)adinnerparty.與西方風俗習慣不同,如果你被邀請去參加晚宴,準時是有禮貌的。【重點語法】長難句分析【問題定位】一、判斷下列句子是簡單句、并列句還是復合句，并找出每個句子的謂語動詞。1BothTomandJackenjoycountrymusic.2TheboywhoofferedmehisseatiscalledTom.3Hewasfondofdrawingwhenhewasyetachild.4Neitherhashechangedhismind,norwillhedoso.5Whathesaidatthemeetingisveryimportant,isn’tit?6Itisthetimeofyearforthericeharvest,soeverydayIworkfromdawnuntildark.7Havingneveroperatedaputer,MrJohnsonmetwithalotofdifficultiesatfirst.8WegrowriceinthesouthoftheStates,butinthenorthwhereitiscoldertheygrowwheat.二、感知以下課文原句，補全方框下的小題1.This,however,isnotalwayseasy.2.Sotryafewtestsonlineandstartthinkingaboutyourfuturecareerrightnow!3.Thisisbecauseyourcareerisaveryimportantpartofwhoyouare.4.Thetopthreescoresareusedtomakeacodethatindicatestheparticipant'soverallworkpersonality.5.Thebesttimetostartthinkingaboutpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool,beforeyoumakeanychoicesaboutyourfurthereducation.6.Thecareeryouhavedefinesyourlife,andsotakingtimetothinkaboutitisanessentialexerciseforyoungpeople.1.以上句子中，句1為___________句。2.句2為由and連接的___________句。3.句3、句4和句5為___________句；在句3中，because引導的是___________從句，who引導的是___________從句，都是___________從句；在句4中，that引導的是___________從句，修飾先行詞code；句5中while引導的是___________從句，而before引導的是___________從句。4.句6為___________句，and連接的是___________，而youhave是___________從句，修飾先行詞thecareer，引導詞為關系代詞___________，在從句中作賓語，被省略。精析1：句子分類句子按結構可分為簡單句、并列句和復合句。一、簡單句(SimpleSentences)簡單句是只有一個主語(或并列主語)和一個謂語(或并列謂語)構成的句子。例如：?HeoftenreadsEnglishinthemorning.他經(jīng)常在早上讀英語。?TomandMikeareAmericanboys.湯姆和邁克是美國男孩。(加黑部分為并列主語，只有一個謂語，仍為簡單句)?Shelikesdrawingandoftendrawspicturesforthewallnewspapers.她喜歡畫畫，經(jīng)常為墻報畫畫。(加黑部分為并列謂語，只有一個主語，仍為簡單句)二、并列句(poundSentences)(一)并列句的構成包含兩個或兩個以上主謂結構的句子叫并列句，句與句之間通常用并列連詞或分號來連接。例如：?Thefoodwasgood,buthehadlittleappetite.食物很好，但他卻沒什么胃口。?Oneoftheclock'shandsisshort;theothertwoarelong.鐘的一根指針短，另兩根指針長。(二)并列句的分類1.并列關系and,notonly...butalso,neither...nor,both...and,not...but。?NeitherTomnorJackhasfinishedthehomework.湯姆和杰克都沒有完成家庭作業(yè)。?Notcouldn’ttheypletethetask,butthetaskwastootough.不是他們完不成任務，而是任務太難了。2.轉折關系but，yet，whereas，nevertheless(但是；然而)。?Johnlikesplayingbasketball,buthedidn’tplayityesterday.約翰喜歡打籃球，但他昨天沒打。?Janesaidthatshewasill,yet/but/whereasIsawherinthestreetjustnow.簡說她病了，但我剛才還在街上看見她了。3.選擇關系or，otherwise，orelse，either...or。?Wemusthurry,orwe’llmissthetrain.我們必須快點，否則會趕不上火車。?EitheryouetomyplaceorIgotoyours.或者你到我這兒來，或者我到你那兒去。4.因果關系for，so。?Wehadbetterstayathome,foritwasraining.我們最好待在家里，因為天正在下雨。?Hedidn'tworkhard,sohefailedintheexamination.他學習不努力，因此這次考試不及格。5.對比關系while。?IdoeverysinglebitofhouseworkwhilemyhusbandTomjustwashesdishesnowandthen.我做所有的家務，而我的丈夫湯姆只是偶爾洗洗盤子。6.祈使句＋and/or＋簡單句，祈使句表示一個條件，and引導的簡單句表示一個承接的結果，or引導的簡單句表示一個相反的結果，簡單句使用一般將來時態(tài)。?Readthisstory，andyouwillrealizethatnoteverythingcanbeboughtwithmoney.閱讀這個故事，你會意識到并不是所有的東西都可以用錢買到。?Taketheflowersintoawarmroom，ortheywilldiequickly.把這些花拿到暖和的房間里去，否則它們會很快死去。三、復合句(plexSentences)(一)主從復合句的結構由一個主句和一個或一個以上的從句構成的句子叫復合句。在復合句中主句是全句的主體，從句是全句的一個成分，不能獨立。主句與從句之間用關聯(lián)詞連接起來。此時關聯(lián)詞也叫從屬連詞，它在主語與從句之間起連接作用。例如：Thefilmhadbegunwhenwegottothecinema.我們到達電影院的時候，電影已經(jīng)開演了。(二)主從復合句的分類根據(jù)從句對主句的修飾、限定和補充作用，主從復合句主要分為名詞性從句、定語從句和狀語從句。1.名詞性從句在句子中起名詞作用的句子叫名詞性從句。名詞性從句的功能相當于名詞詞組，它在復合句中能擔任主語、賓語、表語、同位語，因此根據(jù)它在句中不同的語法功能，名詞性從句又可分為主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句。引導名詞性從句的連接詞可分為三類：從屬連詞：that，whether，if(不充當從句的任何成分)連接代詞：what，whatever，who，whoever，whom，whose，which，whichever連接副詞：when，where，how，why，whenever，wherever例如：?JohnsaidthathewasleavingforLondononWednesday.約翰說他星期三要到倫敦去。?Itisquiteclearthatthewholeprojectisdoomedtofailure.很清楚，整個計劃注定要失敗。?Itremainsunknownwhentheyaregoingtogetmarried.他們何時結婚依然不明。?Theyareinvestigatingthequestionwhetherheistrustworthy.他們正在調(diào)查他是否值得信賴。2.定語從句定語從句在句中作定語，修飾一個名詞或代詞，被修飾的名詞詞組或代詞即先行詞。定語從句通常出現(xiàn)在先行詞之后，由關系詞(關系代詞或關系副詞)引出。關系代詞有：who，whom，whose，that，which，as等。關系代詞所代替的先行詞是人或物的名詞或代詞，并在句中充當主語、賓語、定語等成分。關系代詞在定語從句中作主語時，從句謂語動詞的人稱和數(shù)要和先行詞保持一致。關系副詞有：when，where，why等。關系副詞可代替的先行詞是時間、地點或理由的名詞，在從句中作時間、地點和原因狀語。例如：?Ishethemanwho/thatwantstoseeyou?他就是想見你的人嗎?(who/that在從句中作主語)?Theyrushedovertohelpthemanwhosecarhadbrokendown.那人車壞了，他們都跑過去幫忙。(whose在此用來指人，在從句中作car的定語)?Aprosperitywhich/thathadneverbeenseenbeforeappearsinthecountryside.農(nóng)村出現(xiàn)了前所未有的繁榮。(which/that在從句中作主語)?I’llneverforgetthedayswhenIworkedtogetherwithyou.我永遠不會忘記與你共事的日子。(when在從句中作狀語，可替換成介詞in＋which)?Asweknow,smokingisharmfultoone’shealth.正如我們所知，吸煙有害健康。(as引導非限制性定語從句，可位于主句前面)3.狀語從句狀語從句指句子用作狀語時，起副詞作用的句子。它可以修飾謂語、形容詞、副詞或整個句子。狀語從句一般由連詞(從屬連詞)引導，也可以由詞組引導。按意義可以分為時間、地點、原因、目的、結果、條件、方式、比較、讓步等狀語從句。例如：?Ididn’tmanagetodoituntilyouhadexplainedhow.直到你教我后，我才會做。(時間狀語從句)?Since/Astheweatherissobad,wehavetodelayourjourney.由于天氣那么糟，我們不得不推遲我們的旅程。(原因狀語從句)?Youmustspeakloudersothat/inorderthatyoucanbeheardbyall.你必須大點聲，這樣別人就都能聽見了。(目的狀語從句)?Heissuchayoungboythathecan’tgotoschool.這男孩年齡太小，不能上學。(結果狀語從句)?Aslongaswedon’tloseheart，we’llturnourdreamsintorealities.只要我們不灰心，我們就會把夢想變成現(xiàn)實。(條件狀語從句)?Althoughit’sraining,theyarestillworkinginthefields.雖然在下雨，但他們?nèi)栽诘乩锔苫睢?讓步狀語從句)四、并列復合句（poundplexSentences）并列復合句指并列句、復合句混合在一個句子里，或者說，一個句子里包含著多種關系：既有并列關系，又有復合關系。例如：?IadmireTim,buthedoesn’tadmireme,althoughItryhardtoimpresshim.我欽佩蒂姆，但他并不欽佩我，盡管我努力想給他留下深刻印象。前1、2分句是并列關系，而第1、2分句與第3分句之間又是主從復合關系。?Evenifyoufail，atleastyoutry，andyouareabetterpersonforit.即使你失敗了，至少你努力了，而且你是做這個事情的理想人選。前1、2分句是主從復合關系，而第1、2分句與第3分句之間又是并列關系。精析2：長難句分析方法1.找謂語,定主語一般情況下,一個句子不管有多長多復雜,它只由兩部分構成,即主干和修飾成分。主干是整個句子的骨架,主要指主謂。而修飾成分在句中只起修飾或補充主干的作用,它既可以是單詞,也可以是短語,更常見的則是從句,尤其是定語從句和狀語從句。遇到這樣的句子,考生首先要找出主句的謂語,然后根據(jù)謂語的位置來判定句子的主語,層層剝繭,細致分析,找出定語、狀語和其他修飾成分。句子的結構清晰了,理解的障礙也就消除了。【例句】Therefore,whenapersonfromoneoftheseculturesisspeakingandsuddenlystops,whatmaybeimpliedisthatthepersonwantsthelistenertoconsiderwhathasbeensaidbeforecontinuing.【分析】本句的結構比較復雜,我們首先找出句子的謂語。分析句子結構可知,句子的謂語是is,其主語是whatmaybeimplied...,也就是主語從句。確定了主語和謂語,下一步我們要找出句子的其他成分。when引導的是時間狀語從句,其中isspeaking和stops是并列謂語;thattheperson...其后面的內(nèi)容作連系動詞is的表語從句;whathasbeensaid是consider的賓語從句;beforecontinuing是省略句,作時間狀語?！咀g文】因此,當這些文化的人說著話突然停下時,這可能暗示了說話的人想讓聽者在他繼續(xù)說話之前考慮一下他的話。2.去枝葉，提主干英語中，為了增加補充信息或平衡句子結構，避免頭重腳輕，使語義嚴密，結構緊湊，可將語法關系密切的兩個句子成分用其他語法成分分隔開來，這就是所謂的分隔結構。高考試題中出現(xiàn)較多的是插入語、用破折號插入的新話題或補充信息。此外，還有一些句子成分(一般是定語)過長而出現(xiàn)后置，也可以看作是插入現(xiàn)象，只不過它只是句子原有成分位置的調(diào)整，沒有新增信息。含有插入成分的句子，由于插入成分分割了原本通暢的句子，考生在閱讀時可能會出現(xiàn)所謂的“斷片”，這樣就無法弄懂整個句子的意思，影響了對文章的整體理解。因此，閱讀時要暫時去掉插入成分，有時也可把較長的定語(從句)去掉，簡化句子結構，提取句子的主干，這樣有助于對長難句的理解?！纠洹縏opeoplewhoareusedtothelimitedchoiceofapplessuchasGoldenDeliciousandRoyalGalain__supermarkets,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence,suchasDeciowhichwasgrownbytheRomans.【分析】該句比較長,去掉who引導的定語從句,兩個suchas...短語,以及which引導的定語從句,句子的主干為:Topeople,itcanbequiteaneyeopenertoseetherangeofclassicalapplesstillinexistence.【譯文】對于那些習慣于在超市僅有的金冠蘋果和皇家嘎啦中挑選的人來說,看到像Decio等羅馬人種的經(jīng)典蘋果仍然大范圍存在,真是大開眼界。3.看主句，巧補全在英語句子中，省略是一條重要的修辭原則。省略主要是為了避免重復，突出關鍵詞并使上下文緊密連接。成分省略一般和從句相結合，一正一反，使句子富于變化，增強表現(xiàn)力。但是，省略的出現(xiàn)使句子完整的成分出現(xiàn)了缺失，因而造成考生的閱讀障礙，影響了對句子的正確理解。省略成分往往和從句相結合，常見的有狀語從句的省略、定語從句的省略、動詞不定式的省略等。因此，閱讀時要仔細觀察主句的人稱和時態(tài)，然后根據(jù)省略句的語法規(guī)則嘗試補全省略句。句子補全了，句意也就很容易理解了?！纠洹縏hosegivennightmilk,whichcontained10timestheamountofmelatonin,werelessactiveandlessanxiousthanthosefedwiththemilkcollectedduringdaytime,accordingtothestudypublishedinTheJournalofMedicinalFood.【分析】分析句子結構可知,該句的主句是Those...werelessactiveand...thanthose...。which引導的是非限制性定語從句,than引導的是比較狀語從句。given和fedwith是過去分詞作定語,可擴展為定語從句:Thosewhoweregiven...和thosewhowerefedwith...。10timestheamountofmelatonin后面省略了ofthemilkcollectedduringdaytime?！咀g文】根據(jù)刊登在《藥用食品雜志》的一篇研究報道,喂了夜晚采集的奶的老鼠,含有10倍的褪黑激素,和喂了白天采集的奶的老鼠相比,不活躍,也不那么焦慮?！揪毩暋烤湫娃D換1.Ouroutdooractivitywilllastthreehours.We’llebackatabout11o’clock.(改為并列句)__________________________________________________________________________________________2.Thesituationisdangerous.Thereisstillonepossiblewaytokeepawayfromthedanger.(改為含狀語從句的復合句)__________________________________________________________________________________________3.We’llorganizeallkindsofactivitiesinourEnglishclub.WecannotonlypracticebutalsolearnmoreEnglishintheactivities.(改為含定語從句的復合句)__________________________________________________________________________________________4.Hemissedthefirstbus.Hewaslateforschool.(改為含狀語從句的復合句)__________________________________________________________________________________________5.Whendidyouentertheroom?Thepolicewantstoknowit.(改為含名詞性從句的復合句)__________________________________________________________________________________________6.Severalweekshadpassed.Iknewthepaintingwaslost.(改為含狀語從句的復合句)__________________________________________________________________________________________7.Howcanpeoplesolveallkindsofsocialproblems?Itisnotclear.(改為含名詞性從句的復合句)__________________________________________________________________________________________【梳理優(yōu)化】I.重點單詞1.drawern.抽屜2.breastn.乳房；胸部3.debtn.債務；欠款4.profilen.簡介；概述；側面輪廓vt.扼要介紹；概述；寫簡介5.spyn.密探；間諜vi.從事間諜活動vt.突然看見；發(fā)現(xiàn)6.justicen.公平；公正；合理7.accusevt.控告；控訴；譴責8.greedyadj.貪婪的；貪心的9.handwritingn.書法；書寫；筆跡10.parkingn.停車位；停車11.cameln.駱駝12.fryn.油煎的食物vt.&vi.油炸；油炒；油煎13.pursen.錢包；皮夾子(尤指女用)14.sewvi.&vt.(sewed，sewn/sewed)縫制；縫；做針線活15.cagen.籠子vt.關在籠子里16.collarn.(動物)頸圈；衣領17.certificaten.合格證書；證明18.desertn.沙漠；荒漠19.acquirevt.獲得；購得20.receiptn.收據(jù)；接收II.拓展單詞1.lawyern.律師→lawn.法律2.detectiven.偵探；警探→detectvt.偵察出；發(fā)現(xiàn)3.participantn.參與者；參加者→participatevi.參加；參與→participationn.參加；參與4.receptionistn.接待員→receptionn.接待；歡迎；招待會→receivevt.收到；接納5.socialistadj.社會主義的n.社會主義者→socialadj.社會的；社交的→societyn.社會；協(xié)會6.wooln.毛；毛線；毛料→woolen(＝woollen)adj.羊毛制的；毛線的7.priorityn.優(yōu)先事項；首要的事；優(yōu)先→prioradj.先前的；優(yōu)先的8.financen.資金；財政；金融vt.提供資金→financialadj.財政的；金融的→financiallyadv.財政上；金融上9.employern.雇主；老板→employvt.雇用；利用→employeen.受雇者；雇員→employmentn.雇用；聘用III.核心短語1.bouncearound蹦來蹦去；彈來彈去2.headstart起步前的優(yōu)勢3.achestofdrawers抽屜柜4.etoaconclusion得出結論5.attendto關懷；照料；處理6.avarietyof各種各樣的7.bepassionateabout=haveapassionfor對……熱愛8.belocatedin坐落于……9.bekeentodosth.熱衷于做某事10.bemeantfor為……而準備11.besuitedtodosth.適合做某事IV.重點語法【強化鞏固】一、單句語法填空1.Mybrotherwantedtobeea____________(law),buthewasadvisedtobeateacher.2.AsMrsBrownisheavily____________debt,shehastoworkdayandnighttopayoffit.3.SomeofthecountriesinAfricahavenoaccessto____________(finance)aid.4.Itisawisechoiceforyoutoprepareyourself____________goodeducation.5.Itdoesn’tmatter____________youtackleeventhesmallestpartoftheproblem:justgetstartednow.6.Marythoughtthat____________shearmedherselfwithalltheknowledgeshecouldgathershecouldhandleanything.7.Tangpoemsareverynice.That’s____________moreandmorepeopleareinterestedintheTangDynasty.8.Theyhelpstudentsprepareforcollegemathematics____________overetheiranxietyaboutthisamazingfieldofstudy.二、短語填空beaccusedof,(be)suitedto,beusefulfor,focuson,providewith,divideup,inconclusion,attendto,ofgreatimportance,avarietyof(1)Thekeytobeinganeffectiveleaderisnotto____________makingotherpeoplefollow,butonmakingyourselfthekindofpersontheywanttofollow.(2)Students____________learningmaterialsthroughouttheircourseandtherewillneverbemorethan15participantsineachclass.(3)Thispany____________usingmisleadingadvertisementsinitspromotionofthedietpills.(4)____________,theenvironmentissovaluablebecauseitcan’tbereplaced,keepsusalive,andservesasagreateducationaltool.(5)Theirshowsareabitmorematureforyoungerkidsandbetter____________kidsaged5andup.(6)Nowthattheworkhasbeen____________,leteachonegetonwithhisownjob.(7)ProfessorSmithhasalargeamountofinformationthat____________ourresearch.(8)Weallhopetomaketheacquaintanceofmorepeople,whichis____________tous.(9)Mostpeoplelearnbestusing____________methods,buttraditionalclassesareanidealstartformanypeople.(10)Thereweresomanycustomersthattheshopassistantscouldn't____________themall.三、寫出畫線部分的句子成分并翻譯下列長句1.Thisbookcangiveyoutheanswerstothequestionsmostoftenaskedbyparents,teachersandstudentsthemselves.2.Walkingtogether,myfatherandIusedtohavealotofconversationsthroughwhichIlearnedlessonsfromhisexperiences.3.Theengineersaresobusythattheyhavezerotimeforoutdoorsportsactivities,eveniftheyhavetheinterest.4.Theschoolrulesstatethatnochildshallbeallowedoutoftheschoolduringtheday,unlesstheyareacpaniedbyanadult.5.Weshouldrespectfoodandthinkaboutthepeoplewhodon’thavewhatwehavehereandtreatfoodnicely.6.Nomatterhowcarefullyyouplanyourfinances,noonecanpredictwhentheunexpectedwillhappen.7.Asagrassrootssinger,shereadseverythingshecangetholdofconcerningmusic,andtakeseveryopportunitytoimproveherself.四、課文語法填空Yourcareerisaveryimportantpartofwhoyouare,so1._________(take)timetoconsideritisnecessaryforyoungpeople.The2._________(good)timetoconsideryourpossiblecareersiswhileyouarestillatschool,beforeyouchooseyour3._________(far)education.However,itisnot4._________easyjob.Oneofthemost5._________(effect)waystogetsomeinsightonapossiblecareerpathistopletea“careeraptitudetest”,6._________resultswilltellyouaboutyourstrengthsandinterestsandcareersthatmaysuityou.Therearemanydifferentkindsofcareeraptitude7._________(test)onlinewhicharefreeofcharge.Thesetestsarehelpfulwhenyouplanyourcareer8._________letyouknowwhattargetsyouneedtoreachtomakeit.Butbehonestwhiledoingthesesortsoftests.Itisimportant9._________(remember)thattheresultsareonlymeantforguidance.Thesecrettoagoodcareerisfindingsomethingthatyouarepassionateabout.Whynot10._________(try)afewtestsonlineandconsideryourfuturecareerrightnow?【課后練習】一、閱讀理解BAt24,TiffanyCalvermightworryshehasalreadypeaked(達到頂峰)asaDJ.ShebeganDjingasahobby,uploadingmixestoherSoundCloud.HerhighenergyselectionssooncaughttheearsoftheonlinestationRadarRadioandthenDrake’smanagement,leadinghertolandmanyfirsts.“Ijustwanttoexpressmyself,”shesays.“I’mnotinterestedincopyinganyoneelse’swork；Ihavetobeme.IloveartistssuchasKojeyRadicalwhoselyrics(歌詞)aresoawareofhumanexperiences.TherearealsogreatexamplessetbyartistsfromtheoldergenerationlikeGhetts.GhettsactuallycooperatedwithKojeyonBlackRose,whichisallaboutcolourism—prejudiceagainstdarkerskinnedwomen—ahugeproblemintheblackmunity(團體).”“It’sreallyexcitingtoseetheBBCtakingnoticeofanewgenerationoftastemakersinourmunity.Irememberatime