2023年北京延慶區(qū)高三一模英語試題及答案

延慶區(qū)2022—2023學年第二學期質量檢測

高三英語?2023.03

考1.考生要認真填寫個人信息。

2.本試卷共11頁，三大部分（共100分），考試時間90分鐘。

生

3.試題所有答案必須填涂或書寫在答題卡上，在試卷上作答無效。選擇題必須

須

用2B鉛筆作答；非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的簽字筆作答。

知4.考試結束后，考生應將答題卡按要求放在桌面上，待監(jiān)考員收回。

第一部分：知識運用（共兩節(jié)，30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共10小題：每小題1.5分，共15分）

閱讀下面短文，掌握其大食，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選

項，并在答題紙上將該項涂黑…

Miloisarescuedogadoptedby20-year-oldMakaylaSwift.OnemorninginNovember

2021,SwiftopenedherfrontdoorinSilverSpring,Maryland,andMilo_1_running.

Milorantothehouseacrossthestreet.Heseemedunsatisfiedwiththishouse,soheran

totheonenextdoor,Swiftonhis_2_.Milostartedscratchingonthefrontdoor.

Swiftwas_3_,becausenoteveryonewantsastrangedogontheirproperty.Butasshe

triedto_4_Miloaway,shecouldhearasoundcomingthroughanopenupstairswindow.

Itwasavoiceyellipg"Help!”

Hoursearlier,around4a.m.,SherryStarr,85,hadrisenfromherbed.Allofasudden,

standingtherebetweenthetoiletandthetub,sheslippedandfellheavilyonthefloor.She

was_5_betweenthetoiletandthetubandcouldnotmoveatall.Starrwas_6_and

thoughtshewasjustgoingtodiethere.

Forthenextfewhours,Starrpracticedyelling:"Help!Help!HeHllp!"

Hervoicewasvery_7_thatnoonecouldhear.Luckily,Milo_8_heardStarrthe

momentSwiftopenedherownfrontdoor.

Swiftcalledtheemergencynumber911.Whentheambulanceworkersarrived,they

thoughtthey'dhavetoremovethetoiletto_9_Starr,butinstead,theygaveonelastpull

and-outshepopped.Thoughshewasblackandblueallover,Starr_10_atriptothe

hospital；'

Swifthasknownherownshareofdistress.Twoyearsago,hermotherdied.Shesaysthat

Milohashelpedherwithhergrief.“Thatdogisablessing,Mshesays.

1

1.A.moveddownB.tookoffC.reachedoutD.pulledup

2.A.tailB.headC.bodyD.feet

3.A.disappointedB.confusedC,embarrassedD.astonished

4.A.giveB.sweepC.knockD.drag

5.A.sunkB.stuckC.liftedD.settled

6.A.surprisedB.boredC,puzzledD.scared

7.A.weakB.sharpC.roughD.loud

8.A.apparentlyB.hardlyC.slightlyD.temporarily

9.A.trapB.dropC.freeD.lay

10.A.avoidedB.failedC.declinedD.continued

第二節(jié)語法填空(共10小題；每小題L5分，共15分)

閱讀下列短文，根據短文內容填空。在未給提示詞的空白處僅填寫1個適當的單詞，

在給出提示詞的空白處用括號內所給詞的正確形式填空。請在答題卡指定區(qū)域作答。

A

Idecidedtovolunteerforthisyear'shalf-marathonafterthechairmanoftheorganizing

committee_11_(visit)myschool.Forthepreviousweeks,Ihadbeentrainedon_12_to

beavolunteerfbrit.

Theexcitingracebegan,CathyandIwaitedpatientlyuntilwordspreadthatthefirst

runnerswouldbearrivingsoon,we_13_(quick)pouredwaterintothecupsfbrthem.After

thelastrunnerpassed,CathyandIstartedclearingup.Tiredandwetwithsweat,wefeltgood.

B

Accordingtosomefoodexperts,itishardesttogiveupthefoodyougrowupwith.Of

course,eachperson'scomfortfoodlargelydependsontheplace_14_theycome—fbra

Chineseitmightbeaplateofdumplingswithasaucerofvinegar,andforanativeoftheUK

itmightbetheclassicfishandchips,_15_(serve)hot,saltyandsour.Onemouthfulof

comfortfoodtakesusbacktoourculturalroots,_16_(give)usthe<4tasteofhome”and

relievingfeelingsofhomesickness.

C

Duringtheopeningceremonyofthe2022FIFAWorldCup,therewasasurprise_17_

(appear)byHollywoodactorMorganFreeman.

TheAmericansuperstar_18_(spot)withayoungphysically-challengedQatariboy,Al

Muftah.TheboywasbomwitharareconditionknownasCRS.It_19_(impact)the

normalformationofthelowerhalfofthebody,Butthedeterminedyoungmanrefusedtolet

hisconditionpreventhisthirst_20_lifeanddecidedtotakeonarangeofsports-

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tacklingeverythingfromrockclimbing,football,icehockeytoswimming.

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）

第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項，并在答題

紙上將該項涂黑。

A

GREATBOOKSTOTEACHCHILDRENABOUTCLIMATECHANGE

HereisashortenedlistofbookssponsoredbythemagazinesTIMEandTIMEforKids

thataresuitablefbrprimaryschoolers.Tomakethelist,weconsideredhowage-appropriate

thematerialwas,andwhetherthetoneandstorylineleftthereaderfeelingengagedand

empoweredratherthananxiousorconfused.

Expertsrecommendtheyoungestkidstoreadbooksthatexploretliebeautyandfragility

（脆弱）ofnature.Whendevelopinganappreciationfbrtheworldaroundthem,theycan

switchtobooksthatshowthecauseandeffectofhowhumanstreatourplanet,andwhyifs

importanttorespecttheenvironment.Forolderprimaryschoolkids,picturebookscan

illustratehowouruseoffbssil（化石）fuelscontributestoglobalwarming.Mostofthebooks

onthelistalsoofferlessonsabouthowchildren,families,schools,andcommunitiescanmake

adifference.

THANKYOU,EARTH:THELORAX

ALOVELETTERTO

ByDr.Seuss

OURPLANET

ByAprilPulleySayreThankstoitsrhyme,

Thisphotographybookshowstousplants,andwhimsicalillustration,

animalsandlandscapesinvividcolorsandthisclassictaleissuitable

descriptions.Fromup-closeimagesofforyoungchildrenwhocangraspthe

insectstopicturesofmountainranges,thescarcityofnaturalresources,andalso

pagesintroducechildrentotheplanets5olderkidswhocanseeadangerinvaluing

diversityinasimplebuteffectiveway.profitsoverlong-termenvironmental

harm.

WEAREWATERPOLARBEAR,

PROTECTORSWHYISYOUR

ByCaroleLindstromWORLD

AtributetonativetribesMELTING?

thatareprotectingtheByRobertE.Wells

planet,thisbookvividlyshowstheharmsofThisbookintroducesthegreenhouse

oilpipelines.Kidswillseethevalueofeffectwithillustrationsshowinghow

communityaction,whileadultswillsunlightgetstrapped.Itthenexplains

3

recognizethestoryofthenativetribesfbssil-ftielenergy,andourrelianceonit

StandingRockSioux'sfightagainsttheforelectricityandtransportation.The

DakotaAccessPipeline.pagesarefullofscience.

21.Tomakethebooklistforkids,whatshouldbeconsideredfirst?

A.Confusingstoryline.B.Thetoneofanxiety.

C.Thebookssponsorship.D.Age-appropriatecontent.

22.Whatcankidsleamfromthebook"WEAREWATERPROTECTORS”?

A.Theycanseethevalueofcommunityaction.

B.Theycanknowhowtoprotectthenativetribes.

C.Theycanrecognizethestoryofthenativetribes.

D.Theycanunderstandtheimportanceofoilpipelines.

23.Whichbookexplainshowthegreenhouseeffectcomeintoexistence?

A.THELORAX

B.WEAREWATERPROTECTORS

C.POLARBEAR,WHYISYOURWORLDMELTING?

D.THANKYOU,EARTH:ALOVELETTERTOOURPLANET

B

Itwasthedayofthebigcross-countryrun.Studentsfromsevendifferentelementary

schoolsinandaroundthesmalltownof100-MileHouse,BritishColumbia,werewarmingup

andwalkingtheroutethroughthickevergreenforest.

IlookedaroundandfinallysawDavidstandingbyhimselfofftothesidebyafence.He

wassmallfortenyearsold,withmessyredhair.Buthisusualbigtoothygrinwasabsent

today.Iwalkedoverandaskedhimwhyhewasn'twiththeotherchildren.Theonlyresponse

hegavemewashehaddecidednottorun.Whatwaswrong?Hehadworkedsohardforthis

event!David'scerebralpalsy（腦癱）preventedhimfromwalkingorrunninglikeother

children,butatschoolhispeersthoughtofhimasaregularkid.Healwaysparticipatedtothe

bestofhisabilityinwhatevertheyweredoing.Itjusttookhimlonger.Hehadstubbornlyrun

atotaloftwentythreekilometresinpracticerunstoprepareforthatday's

two-and-a-half-kilometrerun,andhehadaskedmetocomeandwatch.Wesatdowntogether

onsomesteps,butDavidwouldn5tlookatme.

Iquietlysaid,MDavid,ifyoudon'twanttoruntoday,nooneisgoingtomakeyou.Butif

you'renotrunningbecauseyou'reafraidsomeoneisgoingtolaugh,that'snotagoodenough

reason.Therewillalwaysbesomeonewhowilllaughandsaymeanthings.Areyougoingto

letthemgetinyourway?Ifyoureallywanttorun,David,thenyourun!”Iheldmybreathas

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uaviaLOOKmisin.inenneiooKeaaimeneiaanasaia,"imgonnarun.

Thestarter5sgunsounded.Buthehadonlygoneafewmetresbeforehetrippedandfell

flatontheground.Myheartsank.As1startedtoshoutencouragement,Davidpickedhimself

upandstartedagain.Alltheotherrunnershaddisappearedoverthehill.Butitdidn'tmatter.

Hehadworkedforit,andhewouldn'tgiveup!

Iwaitedanxiouslybythefinishlineasthemostrunnerscompletedandanotherracehad

begun.StillnoDavid!Istartedtofeelsick.HadIdonethewrongthing?Couldhehave

becomelost?Finally,asmallfigureemergedfromtheforest.Davidraisedhisarmsintriumph

ashecrossedthefinishlinetowildcheersandapplause.Hecaughtmyeye,flashedmea

toothygrinandsaid,“Thatwaseasy!”

24.WhatmadeDavidunabletorunlikeotherchildren?

A.Hismentalproblem.B.Hisphysicalcondition.

C.Hislaziness.D.Hishesitation.

25.Daviddecidedtorunbecause.

A.hewasencouragedtoB.hewantedtobethefirst

C.hewaslaughedintodoingitD.heknewitwasashorterdistance

26.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeDavid?

A.Braveandtalkative.B.Out-goingandkind-hearted.

C.Livelyandhard-working.D.Optimisticandstrong-willed.

27.Byusingtheplirase“atoothygrin*'inthelastsentence,thewriterintendstotellusabout

David's.

A.competenceinfinishingarunB.positiveattitudetowardslife

C.abilitytowincheersandapplauseD.effortstocatchothers'attention

C

Makinguseofthewind,thewateror,formorethanhalfofallplantspecies,animals,

plantsdisperse（散播）seedsfarandwide.Frugivores—animals

suchasgibbonsthatfeedonthefleshyfruitsofplants—eatand

thenexcrete（排泄）seedsawayfromtheoriginaltree.TheAfrican

savannaelephantcancarryseedsuptoarecord-breakingdistanceof

65kilometres.Thisabilitytoshiftgeographicalrangeswillbe

crucialtoplantswhenitcomestosurvivingclimatechange.

However,justlikeallgibbonspecies,theAfricansavannaelephantisendangered,its

populationdownby60percentoverthepast50years.

ResearchersinDenmarkandtheUSAhavepublishedanewstudyintohowthelossof

seed-dispersinganimalscouldaffecttheresilience（恢復力）offorestsandothernatural

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ecosystems.Accordingtotheirresearch,thislosshasalreadyreducedtheabilityofpk

moveinpacewithclimatechangeby60percent,andinsomeareasbyasmuchas95pe

EvanFricke,leadauthorofthestudy,explainsthatinordertoreachtheseresult

pulledtogetherexistingdatafromallpreviousstudiesandusedmachinelearningtod（

modelsthatcouldestimatetheseeddispersalpotentialofanyanimal,evenonesthatar

extinct.

Theresearchersfoundthat,historically,thedeclineofseed-dispersinganimalsh;

thegreatestinfluenceonplantsacrossthetemperate（溫帶的）regionsofNorthand

America,EuropeandsouthernAustralia.uOurtemperateecosystemshavelostalot

naturalseed-dispersalfunctionthattheywouldhavehad.^^explainsFricke,referringtc

mammalsthatwereoncewidespreadintheseregions.

Nevertheless,thepoorconservationstatusofmanyseed-dispersingtropicalanima

plantsinregionssuchasSoutheastAsiaandMadagascarmostatrisktoday.Witho

preservationofsuchanimals,globalseeddispersalcoulddeclinebyafurther15percent

directimplicationofthisdeclineisthatmanyplantspecieswillbeunabletokeeppace

changingclimate,55saysFricke.uThatmeansthepotentiallossnotonlyofplantbiodb

butoftheecosystemfunctionsthatthoseplantsprovide.^^

Aswildlifeislost,plantscannolongeradaptandsurviveandforestsbecoir

sustainable,whichreducestheamountofcarbontheycanstore.Theyalsolosetheirab

supportwildlife.Wholeecosystemsaredisrupted.Theconclusion,Frickesays,iscle

mustconservecurrentlyendangeredspeciesandrestorethepopulationsofimportan

dispersers."Independentofclimatechange,rewildinghasthepotentialtobenei

ecosystems,butinachangingclimate,ithastheaddedbenefitofincreasingthec

resilienceofthoseecosystems,5,hesays.

28.TheauthormentionstheAfricansavannaelephantinParagraph1isto.

A.highlighttheproblemB.predicttheending

C.expressanopinionD.provideasolution

29.WhatdoesFrickeconcludefromthestudy?

A.plantsdisperseseedsbywayofanimalsexcretingthem.

B.rewildingcanpromotetheclimateresilienceofourecosystems.

C.seed-dispersinganimalscouldhardlyaffectthenaturalecosystems.

D.thelossofseed-dispersinganimalshaslittleinfluenceontemperateregions.

30.Whichwouldbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.TheResilienceofEcosystems

B.TheConservationofSeed-dispersingAnimals

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」?rxiiiuiaioinaiopicauoccuarueUdbunuai/^iiuU11UCI1111Cdl

D.AnimalsThatSpreadSeedsAreEndangered—AndWellProtected

D

We'veheardforyearsthatbreakfastisthemostimportantmealoftheday.But,it

actuallymightbeevenmoreimportantthanpreviouslythought,accordingtoastudy

publishedintheJournaloftheAcademyofNutritionandDietetics,whichexaminedthe

effectsofskippingmealsandmealfrequencyasrelatedtomortality(死亡率)andheart

health.

Thestudy,whichwaspublishedinAugustoflastyear,soughttofindoutifeating

behaviorslikemealfrequency,mealskipping,andtimebetweenmealswereassociatedwith

all-causeandcardiovasculardisease(CVD)mortality.

Thestudyconsistedof24,011adults40yearsorolderwhoparticipatedfrom1999to

2014.Researcherslookedatvariouseatingbehaviorsofparticipantswhoself-reportedtheir

eatinghabitsevery24hours.Causesofdeathweretrackedviadeathrecordsthrough

December31,2015,

Afterexaminingparticipantsthroughouttheyears,researchersfoundthatcertaineating

behaviorswereinfactlinkedtohigherratesofprematuredeath.Eatingonlyonemealperday

wasassociatedwithanincreasedriskofall-causeandCVDmortalitywhileskipping

breakfastwaslinkedtoanincreasedriskofCVDmortality,andskippinglunchordinnerwas

linkedtoanincreasedriskofall-causemortality.Lastly,thestudyfoundthathavingmealstoo

closelytogether(lessthanfourandhalfhoursapart)wasalsolinkedtoall-causepremature

death.

So,whatdoesthismeanfbrtheaverageperson?"Attheendofthedaywhatmattersis

thatanindividualcanmeettheirnutritionalneedsfbroptimal(最佳)health/5explainsKeri

Gans,authorofTheSmallChangeDiet,“andbreakfasttypicallyisagoodvehiclefor

nutrientsassociatedwithadecreaseincardiovascularrisk,suchasfiberandvitamins"."Ifby

eliminatingmealstheyaremissingoutonimportantnutrientstheirbodyneeds,thenlong

termthatcanbeharmfultotheirhealth/*leadstoa“higherriskfbrcertaincancersandheart

disease,55shesays.

Whilethisstudywaslargeandcomprehensiveinmanyways,therearealsomany

limitations.Itwasmostlybasedona24-hour,self-reporteddietaryrecall,uwhichmaynot

alwaysbethebestmethodfbrdietaryassessment,nexplainsGans."Theparticipantsmaynot

accuratelyrecallwhattheyateorhonestlyreportitleadingtothepotentialofmisinformation.

Researchersnotedthatitwasimpossibletoconsidertheroleofsleepintherelationship

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oetweenlooaanamortality,aswellasahostototherunmeasurediactors.

Thebottomlineisthatwhilethesefindingsabouttherelationshipsbetwee

skippingandmortalityareimportant,therearealotmorefactorsthatgointopremature

31.WhataremainlydiscussedinParagraphs3and4?

A.ResearchprocessandfindingsB.Thecauseandfindings

C.ResearchsubjectsandpurposeD.Thetopicandsignificance

32.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“eliminating“inParagraph5mostprobablymean?

A.Reducing.B.Overeating.C.Skipping.D.Consuming.

33.Whatcanweinferfromthestudy?

A.Itslimitationsarefullytakenintoaccountinthestudy.

B.Consumingadequatenutrientsisthekeytomaintainoverallhealth.

C.Theriskofall-causeprematuredeathisunrelatedtoskippingdinner.

D.Researcherslearnedabouteatingbehaviorsbyobservingtheparticipants.

34.Whatistheauthor'sattitudetowardsskippingbreakfast?

A.Favorable.B.Unconcerned.C.Skeptical.D.Disapprovir

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

根據短文內容，從短文后的七個選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項，并在

上將該項涂黑。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

WhyBoundariesatWorkAreEssential

Whatisaboundary,youask?Aboundaryisalimitdefiningyouinrelationtos（

orsomething._35_Ifyouhaveinformedsomeonethatthisisyourofficespace,yoi

oryourchair,youhaveattemptedtosetphysicalboundaries.

Lettingco-workersknowyouarenotcomfortableshakingtheirhandsorhuggin

ataholidayparty,especiallywithCovidatthistime,isanotherexampleofsettingap

boundary.Itisofteneasiertounderstandaphysicalboundary.Emotionalor

boundariesmaybesubtler（更微妙的）._36_

Emotionalboundariesarerelatedtoourfeelingsandhowsomethingorson

behavioraffectsus.Forexample,ifabosstreatsyoudisrespectfullybyyellingaty

colleaguefrequentlyinterruptsyouinmeetings,youarelikelytofeelhurt,embarrass

perhapsangry.Understandably,byhavingacourageousconversationwithbothyourb

co-workerabouttheirbehavior,theimpactithasonyou,andyourexpectationsre;

futurebehavior,youaresettinghealthyemotionalboundariesforyourselfatwork.

Sometimeswesetaboundarythatisacombinationofbothaphysicalandemotio

_37_Oneexampleofthisisbeingrepeatedlyaskedtoworklateduringtheweek/we

orwhileonvacation.Anotherexampleisbeingrequiredtoseetoomanyclientsorpat

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provideremoteworkpriortothepandemichittingtheglobalnations.Postthepandemic,

severalcompaniesunderstoodtheimportanceofworkingfromhomeandtheassociated

benefitsofworkingremotely.Thus,mostoforganizationshavestartedpromotingremote

workduetowhichtheyhavesavedahugeamountofmoneyandincreasedtheirturnoverand

productivityapproaches.

Thesecondmajorbenefitassociatedwithremoteworkisthelackofthenecessityto

travel,whichreducesthechancesofbeingstuckintraffic.Thishasincreasedproductivityand

efficiencyatworkandsavedapotentialamountoftimeforthemthattheycouldinvestin

otherproductiveactivities.

Tosummarize,itcannotbedeniedthatdevelopingtechnologieshaveanumberof

benefitstosocietyasithasallowedindividualstomanagetheirtimeeffectively.Moreover,it

alsohelpswithsociallifebalance.

40.Accordingtothispassage,whatmakesindividualsabletoworkfromhome?

41.Inthesentence”…thiscouldsavetheorganizationsalargesumofmoney^^inparagraph2,

whatdoes'"this"mean?

42.Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement,thenunderlineitandexplain

why.

AWorkingfromhomecandomanybenefits,becauseitreducesemployers'capital

aswellasindividuals'workingtime.

43.Whatdoyouthinkaredisadvantagesofworkingfromhome?（Inabout40words）

第二節(jié)（20分）

假設你是紅星中學高三（1）班學生李華。你的外國筆友Jim在給你的郵件中提到

他對中國十二生肖感興趣。請你給他回一封郵件介紹你的生肖，內容包括：

1.簡介中國的十二生肖；2.你的生肖和生肖對你的影響。

注意：

1.iUUZE/tJ；

2.開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數。

提示詞語：十二生肖thetwelveanimalsigns

DearJim,

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延慶區(qū)2022-2023學年第二學期質量檢測

高三英語參考答案2023.03

第一部分：知識運用（共二節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)完形填空（共10，'題：每小題1.5分，共15分）

12345678910

BACDBDAACC

第二節(jié)語法填空（共10小題；每小題1.5分，共15分）

11.visited/had12.how13.quikly14.where15.served

visited/visiting

16.giving17.appearance18.wasspotted19.impacts20.for

第二部分：閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，38分）

第一節(jié)（共14小題；每小題2分，共28分）

2122232425262728293031323334

DACBADCABCACBD

第二節(jié)（共5小題；每小題2分，共10分）

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EBGFA

第三部分：書面表達（共兩節(jié)，