上海市靜安2020-2021學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期一模英語(yǔ)試卷

靜安高三英語(yǔ)(2020.12)IListeningprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1A.15dollars.B.20dollars.C.25dollars.D.45dollars.2.A.Tothegallery.B.Tothedentist's.C.Toherflat.D.Tothegarage.3.A.Shewasfiredbythepany.B.Shebrokethelaw.CSheisonleaverightnow.D.Sheisreplacingthepany'swebsite.4.A.Patientanddoctor.B.Residentandgovernmentofficial.C.Customerandinsuranceagent.D.Bossandsecretary.5.A.HewassittingoppositeMr.Johnson.B.HeisplanningafarewellpartyforMr.Johnson.C.AllthetasksthatMr.Johnsondidfailed.D.HeisgladMr.Johnsonleftthepany.6.A.Sheprefersdogstocats.B.Shehadacloserelationshipwiththeman'sdaughter.C.Sheusedtosorrowoverherdog'sdeath.D.Sheisalwaysinlowspirits.7.A.Thewomanshouldgetthechipsherself.B.Thewomanshouldn'teatchips.C.Thewomanusedtohaveseveralheartattacks.D.Thewomanwarnedthemanagainstheartattacks.8.A.Theyplantohavethemeetinginanotherplace.B.Theavailabilityofthemeetingroomwillbediscussed.C.Theyhavealreadyhadthemeeting.D.Theywillhavethemeetingsometimelater.9.A.Thecar'sdemandgreatlyexceedssupply.B.Thewomanhaslistedthecar'sadvantages.C.Thewomanreceivedacaramonthago.D.Thewomandidn'tlikethecar.10.A.Shewon'tdothepresentation.B.Sheneedstocollectalotofdataforthepresentation.C.Sheisstillatanearlystageofpreparationforthepresentation.D.Thetopicismostimportantforthepresentation.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandtheconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Thetypeoffoodyoufreeze.B.Thewayyouwarmupthefrozenfood.C.Whetherthefreezerbagsaresealed.D.Whattemperatureyousetyourfreezerto.12.A.Becausetheycanbeeasilystocked.B.Becausetheyfitwellinthefridge.C.Becausetheyeindifferentsizesandshapes.D.Becausetheyhelptokeepthedryfooddry.13.A.Preventpeoplefromeatingtoomuchfood.B.Stoppeoplefromremovingfoodthathasn'tgonebad.C.Makepeoplebeecautiousabouteatingunhealthyfood.D.Makepeoplebeeambitiousinmakinguseofleftoverfood.Questions14through17arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Postponeretirementage.B.Involvemorewomeninwork.C.Hiremoreforeignworkers.D.Attractworkerswithhighsalaries.15.A.Relievepressureonhumannursingcare.B.Takecareofchildrenandtheelderly.C.Finallyreplacehumansinworkforce.D.Givehumansmoretimeforcreativework.16.A.Robotscan'tdocertainwork.BSomepeopledon'tacceptrobots.C.Theexpensesforrobotsarestillhigh.D.Thefunctionsofrobotsneedimproving.17.A.Japanstrugglestofightworkforceshortage.B.Japaneseattitudestowardsrobotschangealot.C.RobotshaveplayedamajorroleinJapan'sindustry.D.RobotscanhelpinJapaneseworkforceshortage.Questions18through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.18.A.Thecruiselinerwillprovideallsortsoffoodandentertainment.B.Onlyhalfofthecabinswillbefilledup.C.Thepricesofunsoldticketswillbereduced.D.Everyonewillbeabletoaffordtheticket.19.A.Bookticketsassoonastheyareavailable.B.Closelywatchthechangesofticketprices.C.paredealsfromdifferentsources.D.Keepincontactwithatravelagentyoucantrust.20.A.Becausecruisetoursareonlysuitableforpeoplewhohavemuchfreetime.B.Becausehecanworkparttimetocammoneytopayforthetour.C.Becausedoingpriceresearchandparingtakestime.D.Becausehecansailshortlyafterbuyingthecheapticket.IIGrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.UKbasedsupermarketWaitrosehasbeenaccusedbysocialmediausersforsellingtreeleavesat6pounds.Photosofvarioustreeleavespackagedinplasticbagsandarrangedasflowerbouquets(花束)wenthotonsocialmedialately,_____1_____(cause)plaintsbecauseoftheproduct'sprice,sixBritishpounds.Consideringtreeleavescanliterallybepickedupfromthestreetthistimeofyear,it'sunderstandablethatsomepeoplewentafterWaitrose,accusingthesupermarketoftryingtomakemoneybyselling_____2_____thatisactuallyfree."Abagofactualleaves?I'llsellyouabinbagofleavesfor10p,"onecustomerwrote."ThishasgottobefromthedrunkMondaymorningmeetingcategoryofideas,"someoneelsemented.Apparently,thebizarrebouquetsappearedonWaitrosesupermarketshelvesasawaytoweleautumn,and____3____(feature)astickerurgingcustomersto"bringtheoutdoorsinside"."Brightenupyourhomewithfreshlypickedflowers___4___pleasantscents(香味)refreshtheseason,"theofficialproductdescriptionread."Wesourcethebestbloomsfromexpertgrowers,andhandlethemgently___5___theycanlookbeautifulforlonger."___6___thegenerallynegativefeedbackonitsautumnthemedproduct,theBritishsupermarketproudlyannouncedthattheidea___7___(inspire)atthebeginningofautumnbyademandfromshoppers."_____8_____weintendtooffer,webaseourdecisiononthedemandsfromcustomers.Ourcustomersloveusingtheseleavestomixinwiththeirseasonalflowerstobrightentheirhomes,"aWaitrosespokespersontoldTheSun.Interestingly,therewerethosewhoseemedtosomewhatjustifythepricetagofthisbagofleaves.Theysaidthatthosewereobviously"highqualityleaves".Theirclaim___9___betrue.Butevenabottleofwinecanbeboughtatthesamepriceorless.Itseemscrazytocharge6poundsforabagofleaves.Thisisn'tthefirsttimethatEnglishshopsandsupermarkets______10______(make)newsheadlinesforsellingfreethingsathighprices.ThereusedtobeashopinLondon,whichsoldpaintedlogsfor$14apiece.【答案】1.causing2.something3.featured4.whose5.sothat6.Despite7.wasinspired8.Whatever9.may/might10.havemade【解析】這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。近日，用塑料袋包裝成花束的各種樹(shù)葉的照片在社交媒體上走紅，因該產(chǎn)品的售價(jià)為6英鎊而引發(fā)投訴?？紤]到每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候人們都可以從街上撿到樹(shù)葉，所以有些人盯上維特羅斯超市，指責(zé)這家超市試圖通過(guò)出售免費(fèi)商品來(lái)賺錢。而且這并不是英國(guó)商店和超市第一次因高價(jià)出售免費(fèi)商品而登上新聞?lì)^條?！?題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：近日，用塑料袋包裝成花束的各種樹(shù)葉的照片在社交媒體上走紅，因該產(chǎn)品的售價(jià)為6英鎊而引發(fā)投訴。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知cause在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，與邏輯主語(yǔ)flowerbouquets構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。故填causing?！?題詳解】考查代詞。句意：考慮到每年的這個(gè)時(shí)候人們都可以從街上撿到樹(shù)葉，所以有些人盯上維特羅斯超市，指責(zé)這家超市試圖通過(guò)出售某些免費(fèi)的東西來(lái)賺錢，這是可以理解的。結(jié)合句意表示“某物”，且為肯定句，應(yīng)用不定代詞something。故填something?！?題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：顯然，這些稀奇古怪的花束出現(xiàn)在維特羅斯超市的貨架上是為了迎接秋天，還貼了一張貼紙，敦促顧客“把戶外帶進(jìn)來(lái)”。feature在句中作謂語(yǔ)，根據(jù)上文thebizarrebouquetsappearedonWaitrosesupermarketshelvesasawaytoweleautumn,and可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填featured。【4題詳解】考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意：官方產(chǎn)品說(shuō)明上寫(xiě)道：“用新鮮采摘的鮮花點(diǎn)亮你的家，芳香怡人，讓你在這個(gè)季節(jié)煥然一新?！贝颂帪槎ㄕZ(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞flowers，先行詞在從句中作定語(yǔ)，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。故填whose?！?題詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：“我們從專業(yè)種植者那里采購(gòu)最好的花朵，并溫柔地處理它們，這樣它們看起來(lái)更漂亮。”引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句，結(jié)合語(yǔ)境表示“所以，以便”應(yīng)用sothat。故填sothat。【6題詳解】考查介詞。句意：盡管秋季主題的產(chǎn)品反響普遍不太好，這家英國(guó)超市還是自豪地宣布，這一想法是受到初秋購(gòu)物者需求的啟發(fā)。結(jié)合句意表示“盡管”應(yīng)用介詞despite，句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填Despite。【7題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：盡管秋季主題的產(chǎn)品反響普遍不太好，這家英國(guó)超市還是自豪地宣布，這一想法是受到初秋購(gòu)物者需求的啟發(fā)。根據(jù)后文atthebeginningofautumn可知應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，主語(yǔ)為idea，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。故填wasinspired。【8題詳解】考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：無(wú)論我們提供什么，我們都是根據(jù)客戶的需求來(lái)決定的。引導(dǎo)讓步狀語(yǔ)從句，表示“無(wú)論什么”應(yīng)用whatever，句首單詞首字母要大寫(xiě)。故填Whatever?！?題詳解】考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：他們的說(shuō)法可能是對(duì)的。后文be為動(dòng)詞原形，可知應(yīng)填情態(tài)動(dòng)詞，且表示“可能”可用may或might。故填may/might。10題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：這并不是英國(guó)商店和超市第一次因高價(jià)出售免費(fèi)商品而登上新聞?lì)^條。此處為句型“It/Thisisthefirsttime+that+現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)”，表示“第一次……”，that從句中主語(yǔ)為Englishshopsandsupermarkets，助動(dòng)詞用have。故填havemade。SectionBDirections:Fillineachblankwithaproperwordchosenfromthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.initiatedB.displayC.advocateD.extendedE.annoyingF.squeezingG.exposureH.specificallyI.relievedJ.stagedK.contemporaryAsglasstowerscontinuetopushtheirwayintocityskylineslikesunflowers___11___upthroughwalledgardens,somehomeownersanddevelopershaveetoarealization.Floortoceilingglassmayprovidebreathtakingviews,butitcutsdownonopportunitiesforart___12___.Tosolvetheproblem,anumberofdevelopersarethinkingofdesigningapartmenttowers___13___withartexhibitinginmind.ThedevelopmentpanyRFR,forexample,has___14___theideaofdesigningloft(頂樓)unitsinthestyleofadowntowngallery.“Iwouldlovetoberecognizedasadeveloperwhocreatesspacesthatarereallyplannedforanartcollector/'saidAbyRosen,acofounderofRFRandanartcollectorhimself."I'mabig___15___ofartwhichconnectsyouwithhistoryandthedesireforculture.”O(jiān)narecenttouroftheloftunitsat100East53rdStreetinMidtownManhattan,Mr.Rosenpointedtotheuninterruptedconcretewallsandfloors,"it'sthekindthatyoumayseewhenyougotoaGagosianGalleryorPaulKasminGallery,"hesaid.Theceilingsareembeddedwithslotsthatallowsoftlightingtobeinstalledforparticularworks.Andtoprotectpreciouspieces,theexteriorglassisspeciallytreatedtopreventthe___16___tosunlight.“Thesespacesenjoymany___17___highrisebenefits,whileatthesametimeavoid___18___sideeffectsofadowntownloft—thecreakingfloorsandtrafficnoise,"Mr.Rosensaid.Tohammerthepoint,oneofthemodelunitswas___19___asagalleryratherthanahome,withworksfromvariouscollections.Mr.Rosensaidthattheunits'focusonart,withoutexception,____20____tothelobby,too,whereresidentscouldbegreetedbyasitespecificworkdesignedsolelyforthebuildingbyRachelFeinstein,whodepictedNewYorkCityicons,includingtheEmpireStateBuildingandtheMetropolitanMuseumofArt.【答案】11.F12.B13.H14.A15.C16.G17.K18.E19.J20.D【解析】這是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要說(shuō)明了一些房主和開(kāi)發(fā)商正在考慮在設(shè)計(jì)公寓大樓時(shí)特別考慮到藝術(shù)展示。例如，房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)公司RFR已經(jīng)提出了以市中心畫(huà)廊的風(fēng)格設(shè)計(jì)頂樓單元的想法。文章還介紹了AbyRosen對(duì)此的一些看法?！?1題詳解】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：隨著玻璃大廈不斷擠進(jìn)城市天際線，就像向日葵在有圍墻的花園中擠來(lái)擠去，一些房主和開(kāi)發(fā)商開(kāi)始意識(shí)到這一點(diǎn)。結(jié)合句意表示“擠”可知應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞squeeze，分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知squeeze在句中應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式，此處作介詞like的賓語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用動(dòng)名詞。故填squeezing。故選F。【12題詳解】考查名詞。句意：從地板到天花板的玻璃可以提供令人驚嘆的景色，但它減少了藝術(shù)展示的機(jī)會(huì)。根據(jù)句意表示“展示”應(yīng)用名詞display，作賓語(yǔ)。故填display。故選B?！?3題詳解】考查副詞。句意：為了解決這個(gè)問(wèn)題，一些開(kāi)發(fā)商正在考慮在設(shè)計(jì)公寓大樓時(shí)特別考慮藝術(shù)展示。修飾后文介詞短語(yǔ)withartexhibitinginmind，表示“特別”應(yīng)用副詞specifically。故填specifically。故選H?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：例如，房地產(chǎn)開(kāi)發(fā)公司RFR已經(jīng)提出了以市中心畫(huà)廊的風(fēng)格設(shè)計(jì)loft單元的想法。結(jié)合句意表“提出”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞initiate，根據(jù)上文ThedevelopmentpanyRFR,forexample,has可知為現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故填initiated。故選A?！?5題詳解】考查名詞。句意：“我大力提倡將你與歷史和對(duì)文化的渴望聯(lián)系起來(lái)的藝術(shù)。”根據(jù)句意“提倡”以及上文abig可知應(yīng)填單數(shù)名詞advocate，作表語(yǔ)。故填advocate。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查名詞。句意：為了保護(hù)珍貴的作品，外玻璃經(jīng)過(guò)特殊處理，以防止暴露在陽(yáng)光下。空處作賓語(yǔ)，結(jié)合句意表“暴露”可知應(yīng)填名詞exposure，表抽象概念，不可數(shù)。故填exposure。故選G。【17題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：“這些空間享受了許多當(dāng)代高層建筑的好處，同時(shí)也避免了市中心閣樓的惱人副作用——吱吱作響的地板和交通噪音，”羅森說(shuō)。修飾后文名詞benefits，表示“當(dāng)代”應(yīng)用形容詞contemporary，作定語(yǔ)，符合句意。故填contemporary。故選K。【18題詳解】考查形容詞。句意：“這些空間享受了許多當(dāng)代高層建筑的好處，同時(shí)也避免了市中心閣樓的惱人副作用——吱吱作響的地板和交通噪音，”羅森說(shuō)。修飾后文名詞sideeffects，表示“惱人”應(yīng)用形容詞annoying，作定語(yǔ)符合句意。故填annoying。故選E?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)態(tài)。句意：為了強(qiáng)調(diào)這一點(diǎn)，其中一個(gè)樣板房被布置成一個(gè)畫(huà)廊而不是一個(gè)家，里面陳列著各種收藏的作品。結(jié)合句意表示“陳列”應(yīng)用動(dòng)詞stage，根據(jù)上文oneofthemodelunitswas可知為一般過(guò)去時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。故填staged。故選J?！?0題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。句意：羅森說(shuō)，這些單元對(duì)藝術(shù)的關(guān)注，無(wú)一例外也延伸到了大堂，迎接住戶的是一件專門為大樓設(shè)計(jì)的現(xiàn)場(chǎng)作品，由RachelFeinstein創(chuàng)作，描繪了紐約市的標(biāo)志性建筑，包括帝國(guó)大廈和大都會(huì)藝術(shù)博物館。根據(jù)句意“延伸”可知應(yīng)填動(dòng)詞extend，描述過(guò)去發(fā)生的事情應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故填extended。故選D。IIIReadingprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Theuniversecannotbereaduntilwehavelearntthelanguageandbeefamiliarwiththe___21___inwhichitiswritten.Accordingtomany,itiswritteninmathematicallanguage,andthelettersaretriangles,circlesandothergeometricalfigures.Inhumanhistory,thereare___22___definitionsof"language."Whicheverdefinitionisused,alanguagecontainsthesameponents.Theremustbeavocabularyofwordsorsymbols.Meaningsmustbe___23___thewordsorsymbols.Alanguageemploysgrammar,whichisasetofrulesthat___24___howwordsareorganized.Mathematicsmeetsallthestandards.Thevocabularyofmathdrawsfrommanydifferentalphabetsandincludessymbols___25___tomath.Amathematicalequation（等式）maybestatedinwordstoformasentencethathasanounandaverbJustlikeasentenceinaspokenlanguage.Mathematicsgrammarandsyntax（句法），likevocabulary,are___26___.Nomatterwhatcountryyou'refromorwhatlanguageyouspeak,thestrictureofthemathematicallanguageisthesame.Formulas（公式）arealwaysreadfromlefttoright.Understandinghowmathematicalsentencesworkis___27___whenyoulearnmath.Studentsoftenfindnumbersandsymbolsfrightening,soputtinganequationintoafamiliarlanguagemakesthesubject___28___.Basically,it'sliketranslatingaforeignlanguageintoaknownone.Aformulahasthesamemeaning,regardlessofanydifferentlanguagethat___29___it.Inthisway,mathhelpspeoplelearnandmunicate,evenifothercoimmunostainobstaclesexist.Ofcourse,noteveryoneagreesthatmathematicsisalanguage.Somedefinitionsdescribe"language”asaspokenformofmunication.Therefore,somepeople___30___mathematicsasitisdefinitelyawrittenformofexpression.Signlanguage___31___.wouldbeinvalidbasedonthisstandard.Infactmostlinguistsacceptsignlanguageasatruelanguage.Also,thereareahandfulofdeadlanguagesthatnoonealiveknowshowtoeven___32___anymore.Astrong___33___formathematicsasalanguageisthatmodernelementaryhighschoolcurriculause___34___fromlanguageeducationforteachingmathematics.EducationalpsychologistPaulRiccominiwrotethatstudentslearningmathematicsrequiredarobustvocabularyknowledgebase;fluencyandproficiencywithnumbers,symbols,words,anddiagrams;andprehensionskills,whichinawayprovesthereal___35___ofthesubjectasaspeciallanguageafterall.21.A.characters B.signals C.items D.portions22.A.formal B.historical C.multiple D.civilian23.A.invisibleto B.switchedto C.attachedto D.dividedinto24.A.imitate B.outline C.enclose D.diagnose25.A.foreign B.inferior C.unique D.temporary26.A.petitive B.international C.sufficient D.fluent27.A.additional B.traditional C.subjective D.necessary28.A.approachable B.functional C.fundamental D.influential29.A.acpanies B.subscribes C.tracks D.arouses30.A.disqualify B.evaluate C.reform D.erase31.A.inshort B.morespecifically C.inparticular D.however32.A.rescue B.pronounce C.substitute D.explore33.A.evolution B.case C.preview D.crisis34.A.staff B.techniques C.statistics D.inventions35.A.origin B.nature C.resolution D.reminder【答案】21.A22.C23.C24.B25.C26.B27.D28.A29.A30.A31.D32.B33.B34.B35.B【解析】這是一篇議論文。文章主要論述了數(shù)學(xué)是一門特殊語(yǔ)言的觀點(diǎn)。【21題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：只有我們學(xué)會(huì)了宇宙的語(yǔ)言，熟悉了宇宙的文字，我們才能讀懂宇宙。A.characters文字，特征；B.signals信號(hào)；C.items物品；D.portions部分。根據(jù)前后文“Theuniversecannotbereaduntilwehavelearntthelanguageandbeefamiliarwiththe…inwhichitiswritten”以及后文中“Theremustbeavocabularyofwordsorsymbols”可知，此處指熟悉了宇宙的文字，我們才能讀懂宇宙。故選A。【22題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在人類歷史上，“語(yǔ)言”有多種定義。A.formal正式的；B.historical歷史的；C.multiple多重的；D.civilian民用的。根據(jù)后文“Whicheverdefinitionisused,alanguagecontainsthesameponents.”可知“語(yǔ)言”的定義是多樣的。故選C?！?3題詳解】考查固定短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：?jiǎn)卧~或符號(hào)必須有意義。A.invisibleto不可見(jiàn)的；B.switchedto切換到；C.attachedto附上；D.dividedinto分為。根據(jù)前后文“Meaningsmustbe…thewordsorsymbols.”可知此處為短語(yǔ)beattachedto，表示“單詞或符號(hào)必須附有意義”。故選C?！?4題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：語(yǔ)言使用語(yǔ)法，語(yǔ)法是一組規(guī)則，概括了單詞是如何組織的。A.imitate模仿；B.outline概括，描畫(huà)輪廓；C.enclose圍繞；D.diagnose診斷。根據(jù)后文“howwordsareorganized”可知語(yǔ)法規(guī)則概括了單詞是如何組織起來(lái)的。故選B?！?5題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)學(xué)詞匯來(lái)源于許多不同的字母，包括數(shù)學(xué)特有的符號(hào)。A.foreign外國(guó)的；B.inferior差的；C.unique獨(dú)特的；D.temporary臨時(shí)的。根據(jù)前后文“symbols…tomath”可知是指數(shù)學(xué)所特有的符號(hào)。故選C?！?6題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)法和句法，就像詞匯一樣，是國(guó)際性的。A.petitive競(jìng)爭(zhēng)的；B.international國(guó)際的；C.sufficient足夠的；D.fluent流利的。根據(jù)后文“Nomatterwhatcountryyou'refromorwhatlanguageyouspeak,thestrictureofthemathematicallanguageisthesame.”可知數(shù)學(xué)、語(yǔ)法和句法，就像詞匯一樣，是國(guó)際性的。故選B?！?7題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：當(dāng)你學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)時(shí)，理解數(shù)學(xué)句子的工作原理是很有必要的。A.additional額外的；B.traditional傳統(tǒng)的；C.subjective主觀的；D.necessary必要的。結(jié)合前后文“Understandinghowmathematicalsentencesworkis…whenyoulearnmath”以及常識(shí)，可知學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)，理解數(shù)學(xué)句子的工作原理是很有必要的。故選D?！?8題詳解】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：學(xué)生們常常覺(jué)得數(shù)字和符號(hào)令人恐懼，所以用一種熟悉的語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)等式會(huì)使這門學(xué)科變得平易近人。A.approachable平易近人的，可接近的；B.functional功能的；C.fundamental基本的；D.influential有影響的。根據(jù)上文“Studentsoftenfindnumbersandsymbolsfrightening,soputtinganequationintoafamiliarlanguagemakesthesubject”可知生們常常覺(jué)得數(shù)字和符號(hào)令人恐懼，所以用一種熟悉的語(yǔ)言來(lái)表達(dá)等式會(huì)使這門學(xué)科變得對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)平易近人。故選A?！?9題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：一個(gè)公式具有相同的含義，不管它伴隨的是什么不同的語(yǔ)言。A.acpanies伴隨；B.subscribes訂閱；C.tracks跟蹤；D.arouses喚醒。根據(jù)上文“Aformulahasthesamemeaning,regardlessofanydifferentlanguagethat”可知此處指伴隨一個(gè)公式的不同語(yǔ)言。故選A。【30題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：因此，一些人取消了數(shù)學(xué)的資格，因?yàn)樗^對(duì)是一種書(shū)面形式的表達(dá)。A.disqualify取消資格；B.evaluate評(píng)價(jià)；C.reform改革；D.erase抹去。結(jié)合后文“mathematicsasitisdefinitelyawrittenformofexpression.”可知有些人因?yàn)檎J(rèn)為數(shù)學(xué)是一種書(shū)面形式的表達(dá)，而取消了數(shù)學(xué)是一種語(yǔ)言的資格。故選A。【31題詳解】考查介詞短語(yǔ)、副詞辨析。句意：然而，基于這個(gè)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，手語(yǔ)是無(wú)效的。A.inshort總之；B.morespecifically更具體地說(shuō)；C.inparticular尤其；D.however然而。根據(jù)前后文語(yǔ)境，可知為轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，應(yīng)用however。故選D?！?2題詳解】考查動(dòng)詞詞義辨析。句意：此外，還有一些已經(jīng)消亡的語(yǔ)言，活著的人甚至都不知道如何發(fā)音了。A.rescue營(yíng)救；B.pronounce發(fā)音；C.substitute代替；D.explore探索。結(jié)合上文“thereareahandfulofdeadlanguagesthatnoonealiveknowshowtoeven”可知已經(jīng)消亡的語(yǔ)言，人們不知道如何發(fā)音。故選B。【33題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)學(xué)作為一種語(yǔ)言的一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的例子是，現(xiàn)代小學(xué)高中課程使用語(yǔ)言教育的技巧來(lái)教授數(shù)學(xué)。A.evolution進(jìn)化；B.case例子，情況；C.preview預(yù)覽；D.crisis危機(jī)。根據(jù)后文“formathematicsasalanguage”可知是指數(shù)學(xué)作為一種語(yǔ)言的一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的例子。故選B。【34題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：數(shù)學(xué)作為一種語(yǔ)言的一個(gè)強(qiáng)有力的例子是，現(xiàn)代小學(xué)高中課程使用語(yǔ)言教育的技巧來(lái)教授數(shù)學(xué)。A.staff員工；B.techniques技術(shù)；C.statistics統(tǒng)計(jì)；D.inventions發(fā)明。結(jié)合后文“studentslearningmathematicsrequiredarobustvocabularyknowledgebase;fluencyandproficiencywithnumbers,symbols,words,anddiagrams”可知現(xiàn)代教育中使用語(yǔ)言教育的技巧來(lái)教授數(shù)學(xué)。故選B。【35題詳解】考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：教育心理學(xué)家PaulRiccomini寫(xiě)道，學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)需要一個(gè)強(qiáng)大的詞匯知識(shí)庫(kù)，熟練掌握數(shù)字、符號(hào)、文字和圖表；這在某種程度上證明了這門學(xué)科畢竟是一門特殊語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)。A.origin起源；B.nature本質(zhì)，自然；C.resolution決議；D.reminder提醒的人/物。根據(jù)前后文“whichinawayprovesthereal…ofthesubjectasaspeciallanguageafterall.”可知，學(xué)習(xí)數(shù)學(xué)需要掌握的一系列類似語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)的技巧，證明了數(shù)學(xué)是一門特殊語(yǔ)言的本質(zhì)。故選B。SectionBDirections:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Theseventeenagershurriedtowardstheairportgate.Italy’snationalunder16swimmingchampionshipwastakingplaceinGenoaandtheboysweregoingtopetethere.14yearoldMarcoSulislookedaroundforhisteammates.Theircoachsatnearthem.Whilepreparingfortakeofftheflightattendantbeganherroutinesafetybriefing.Mostofthepassengersidledawaythetimeengaginginchattingandeating.AlthoughaircrashesarealientoMarco,he,whoperceivedhowvitaltheprocesswas,wouldlaterrememberallherwords.Duringtheflight,asearlierinstructed,helocatedthenearestemergencyexitandmadeamentalnoteoftheredhandlebehindaprotectiveplasticshield.Toopenthedoor,onehadtoremovetheplasticandpullthehandle.Flankedbymountainstothenorth,theairportisoftenbatteredbystrongwinds.Flight1553wasashortone.Theskythatdaywascrystallineblueandvisibilitywasperfect.Attwominutestotouchdown,theplanerocked,whichwaslaterfoundtobeoutofmechanicalfaults.Soon,ittoucheddownprecariouslyontwowheels.Thecaptainattemptedtoreducetheairplane’sspeedbybrakinghardbutitwasnouse.Slippingsideways,theplanerushedoutintotheseaathighspeed.Tonsofwaterpouredintothecabin.Passengerswereshoutingandrushingtowardstheemergencyexitdoor.Marcowatchedpeoplestrugglewiththedoorfruitlessly.“Letmedoit!”Marcoyelled,leapingoutofhisseat.Marcosmashedtheclearplasticwiththepalmofhishand.Hegrabbedthehandleandpulled,usingallthestrengthinhisbody.Theemergencyexitdoorfinallyswungopen.However,theemergencydoorpinnedMarco’slegdown.PassengerspassedMarcoastheyrushedoutoftheplane.Alreadysoakinginwater,Marcoknewtherewasnotimetowaste.Hepushedagainstthedoorashardashecouldandmanagedtofreehisleg.Marcoexitedfromtheplanefinallyandsawhiscoachandteammatesbobbinginthewaves.Hebeganswimmingtowardstheconcretepier(碼頭).Theothersfollowed.Whentheyreachedthepier,theyweresafeatlast.Eventhoughfourpeoplewerekilledintheaccident,manymoresurvivedbecauseofMarco.Marcojustsimplysaid,“AllIdidwastowatchsafetybriefing.”36.WhydidMarcorememberthesafetybriefing?A.Becauseheusedtomeetwithanairaccident.B.Becauseheisexcellentatrememberingthings.C.Becausehewasnotusedtoeatingandchattingonboard.D.Becauseherealizedtheimportanceofflightsafetymeasures.37.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A.Marcowasthepassengersittingnearesttotheemergencyexit.B.Theweatherconditionwasgoodforflyingonthedayoftheaccident.C.Theplanewentwrongaboveinskybecauseofthebatteringofwind.D.Thepilotbrakedandfinallymanagedtoslowdowntheplane.38.Whydidn’tMarcoleavetheplaneassoonastheexitdoorwasopened?A.Becausehewastryingtokeeptheexitdooropenforotherpassengers.B.Becausehewaslookingforthecoachandteammatesintheplane.C.Becauseonepartofhisbodywasstucktight.D.Becausehewasafraidoftheseawateroutsidetheplane.39.Manypeoplewerefinallysavedmainlybecause_________.A.thecrashontherunwaywasnotseriousB.MarcomanagedtoopentheexitdoorC.theyknewhowtoswimintheseawaterD.theyreceivedhelpfromstaffatconcretepier【答案】36.D37.B38.C39.B【解析】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要介紹了一個(gè)“英雄”的事跡。在一次由于飛機(jī)故障而導(dǎo)致的墜機(jī)事件中，要去參加游泳錦標(biāo)賽的Marco憑借自己的力量打開(kāi)了飛機(jī)上的應(yīng)急門，從而使得飛機(jī)墜機(jī)事件中更多的人活了下來(lái)?！?6題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段末尾內(nèi)容“AlthoughaircrashesarealientoMarco,he,whoperceivedhowvitaltheprocesswas,wouldlaterrememberallherwords.”（雖然墜機(jī)對(duì)Marco來(lái)說(shuō)是陌生的，但Marco意識(shí)到安全簡(jiǎn)報(bào)在墜機(jī)時(shí)的重要性，就記住了乘務(wù)員說(shuō)的所有話）可知，Marco記住安全簡(jiǎn)報(bào)是因?yàn)樗庾R(shí)到安全措施的重要性。故選D項(xiàng)。【37題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段內(nèi)容“Theskythatdaywascrystallineblueandvisibilitywasperfect.”可知，當(dāng)天的天空湛藍(lán)湛藍(lán)，能見(jiàn)度極佳，由此可知，事故發(fā)生那天的天氣狀況很適合飛行。故選B項(xiàng)。【38題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第七段內(nèi)容“However,theemergencydoorpinnedMarco’slegdown.(然而，應(yīng)急門壓住了Marco的腿。)”可知，當(dāng)應(yīng)急門打開(kāi)時(shí)，應(yīng)急門壓住了Marco的腿，以致于他不能立即離開(kāi)飛機(jī)。故選C項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章末尾內(nèi)容“Eventhoughfourpeoplewerekilledintheaccident,manymoresurvivedbecauseofMarco.”可知，很多人在事故中幸存下來(lái)是因?yàn)镸arco在發(fā)生事故后的英勇行為，再結(jié)合倒數(shù)第二段的“Marcosmashedtheclearplasticwiththepalmofhishand.Hegrabbedthehandleandpulled,usingallthestrengthinhisbody.Theemergencyexitdoorfinallyswungopen.”可知，是Marco用手掌打碎了透明塑料，抓住把手，用盡全身的力氣拉，應(yīng)急門才終于打開(kāi)。由此可知，很多人能夠幸存下來(lái)是因?yàn)镸arco打開(kāi)了應(yīng)急門。故選B項(xiàng)。(B)Nicaraguaisalandofopportunityfortravelers.Therearevastandvariedactivitiesonecanhaveinthiscountry.HikeUptheMombachoVolcanoThistwohourhikeisn’tgoingtobeaneasyone,butitisarewardingexperienceandwillgetyourheartracing.Youcanlookforwardtobeautifulviewsofseveralofthefourcraters,spottingwildlife,andenjoyingthecoolertemperature.Incaseofanyencounterwithsomefiercecreatures,itisremendedthatyouhireatourguideatthewelecenterwhoknowshowtoreactatanemergency.HorsebackRidingintheCloudForestsHorsebackridinginthelushNicaraguancountrysideisn’tsomethingtomiss.Topreventanydangerasuspicioushorsemightbring,youhavetobookapackagedtourthroughalegalagencyandthenacpaniedbyagroom,youcanenjoyamorningorafternoonexploringthebackroadsrightoutsidethecityofGranada.ThebestpartofthisexperienceisavisittotheApoyoLagoon,anaturereservethatoriginatedabout23,000yearsago.Withabeautifullake,itisaweledrespiteafterridinginthehotsunforhours.Besuretopackabathingsuit.SunbatheintheCornIslandsNotallactivitieshavetobeadrenalineinducing.TakeabreakandenjoythesunshineontheCornIslands.Theislandsareabout43milesoffthecoastofNicaraguaandconsistofBigCornIslandandLittleCornIsland.Sunny,withwarmweatheryearround,theseislandsmakefortheperfectvacation.VisitorscanenjoylazybeachdaysbythecrystalbluewatersoftheCaribbeanSea.VolcanoBoardatCerroNegroForthosewhodaretotryVolcanoboardingthere’snobetterplacethanCerroNegro.CerroNegroisstillanactivevolcanothatlasteruptedin1999andismonitoredcloselybytheNicaraguanSeismicNetworktopreparefortheimmediateevacuationincaseoferuptions.Whenthevolcanoisbehavingitself;itistheperfectplaygroundforadventurers.Whichevertourpanyyoubook,youwillneedtobepreparedtocarryyourboard.Thesummit,fromwhichyouwillboarddown,isabout2,388feet,aheightidealfortheactivity.Afteraquickpulsorytutorialofwhattodo,youwillputonyour“flightsuit”,girdyourloins,anddescenddownthevolcano.Theentireexperienceisaboutthreetofiveminutes,dependingonwhetheryoustoporrolloffyourboard.40.Theunderlinedwordevacuationisclosestinmeaningto,A.demonstration B.withdrawal C.punishment D.entertainment41.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AtourguideissuggestedforMombachohikingtostrengthenwildnessexperience.B.TheexperienceattheApoyoLagoonreserveisastiringasthehorsebackriding.C.CerroNegroisperfectforvolcanoboardbecauseitisstillactive.D.VisitorsmustreceivetrainingbeforeactuallyboardingfromCerroNegropeak.42.ApersonwholikestakingchargeofeverythingonhisownintravelwillmostlikelygotoA.theMombachoVolcanoB.theCloudForestsC.theCornIslandsD.CerroNegro【答案】40.B41.D42.C【解析】這是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章主要介紹了尼加拉瓜是旅行者的天堂，在這個(gè)國(guó)家有各種各樣的活動(dòng)，文章提到了攀登蒙巴喬火山，在云霧森林里騎馬，在科恩島享受日光浴，塞羅內(nèi)格羅火山等活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目?！?0題詳解】詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)前文“CerroNegroisstillanactivevolcano”（塞羅內(nèi)格羅火山仍然是一