閱讀理解（文章大意題）方法與練習(xí)-2023年高考英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)閱讀理解 解析版

2023年高考英語第二輪復(fù)習(xí)點對點刻意訓(xùn)練

專題07閱讀理解（段落大意題）對策與訓(xùn)練解析版

目錄內(nèi)容

板塊一命題規(guī)律探究

板塊二高考真題引領(lǐng)

板塊三名校模擬演練

命題規(guī)律探究

艾草是南；乂Jrr；；；表/管弓O段落的主題就是段落的中心思想，具體段落的中心

思想又是為文章整體中心思想服務(wù)的。理解整篇文章的中心思想的方法是建立在

理解具體段落中心的基礎(chǔ)上的。找出每小段的主題句（各段的主題句常在該段的

首句或尾句），各段主題句的整體歸納便是文章的中心思想。有的文章無明顯主

題句，主題句隱含在段意之中，這就需要進一步加工概括。觀察全文的結(jié)構(gòu)安排，

理解文章的“重心”和支撐性細節(jié)。

①主題句出現(xiàn)在文首。開門見山，提出主題，用細節(jié)來解釋或拓展主題句

所表達的主題思想，是最常見的演繹法寫作方式。新聞報道、說明文或議論文通

常采用這種寫法。

②主題句出現(xiàn)在文末。在表述細節(jié)后，歸納要點以概括主題，是最常見的

歸納法寫作方式。

③主題句首尾呼應(yīng)。為突出主題，作者先提出主題，結(jié)束時再次點出主題。

④主題句出現(xiàn)在中間。寫作方式為：細節(jié)描述一一歸納主題一一進一步解

釋。

一、文章大意題設(shè)題方式

LWhatisthetextmainlyabout?

2.Whatdoesthepassagefocuson?

3.Whatmessagedoestheauthorseemtoconveyinthetext?

二、正確選項的特征

1.通常不含細節(jié)信息的詞。

2.通常不含絕對意義的詞。

3.能概括全文或某段的全部內(nèi)容；涵蓋性強，精確度強，恰當(dāng)?shù)谋硪夥秶颓?/p>

感色彩。

三、干擾選項的特征

1.過于籠統(tǒng),不知所云。所概括的內(nèi)容超出原文的范圍。

2.以偏概全，主次不分。以文章中的細節(jié)內(nèi)容或個別詞語做出選項內(nèi)容。

3.移花接木，偷換概念。選項中定語和狀語影響語意范圍，或者把屬于A的內(nèi)

容放在B上。

4.主觀臆測,無中生有，選項中關(guān)鍵詞也在文中提及，但選項的實際含義與文

章主題無關(guān)。

四、文章大意題思維導(dǎo)圖

‘借助段落主］常處位置

題句歸納U段末

文

章首段（新聞報道、

大［借助文章主］常處位置議論文、說明文）

意「［題段歸納］

題末段（記敘文、議

論文）

抓住文中出現(xiàn)頻率較高的主

借助主崢

J題詞,然后對其進行概括和

歸納

歸納,確定文章的主旨大意

高考真題引領(lǐng)j

甲卷C篇，保留原題序號）

AsGinniBazlintonreachedAntarctica,shefoundherselfgreetedbyagroupoflittleGentoo

penguins（企鵝）longingtosayhello.Thesegentle,lovelygatekeeperswelcomedherand

kick-startedwhatwastobeatripGinniwouldneverforget.

Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71,hashadadeeplovefortravel.Throughouther

Career（職業(yè)）asaprofessionaldancer,shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther

Whensheretiredfromdancingandhersonseventuallyflewthenest,shedecideditwastimetotakn

theplunge.

AftertakingadegreeatChichesterUniversityinRelatedArts,Ginnibegantotraveltheworld,

eventuallygettingworkteachingEnglishinJapanandChile.AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshe

couldgetlast-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTierradelFuego,

thesouthernmosttipoftheSouthAmericanmainland.?4Ijustdecidedwantedtogo,“shesays.??I

hadnoideaaboutwhatΓdfindthereandIwasn,tnervous,Ijustwantedtodoit.And?wantedtodo

italoneasIalwayspreferitthatway.”

InMarch2008,Ginniboardedashipwith48passengersshe,dnevermetbefore,tobeginthe

journeytowardsAntarctica.??Fromseeingthewildlifetowitnessingsunrises,thewholeexperience

wasamazing.Antarcticaleftanimpressiononmethatnootherplacehas,“Ginnisays."Iremember

thefirsttimeIsawahumpbackwhale;itjustroseoutofthewaterlikesomeprehistoriccreatureand

Ithoughtitwassmilingatus.YoucouldstillheartheoperaticsoundsitwasmakingUnderWate匚"

Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespectedbyhumans,wasoneofthebiggest

thingsthathithometoGinni.

28.Whichofthefollowingbestexplains??taketheplunge”underlinedinparagraph2?

A.Trychallengingthings.B.Takeadegree.

C.Bringbacklostmemories.D.Sticktoapromise.

29.WhatmadeGinnidecideonthetriptoAntarctica?

A.Lovelypenguins.B.Beautifulscenery.

C.Adiscountfare.D.Afriend,sinvitation.

30.WhatdoesGinnithinkaboutAntarcticaafterthejoumey?

A.Itcouldbeahomeforher.B.Itshouldbeeasilyaccessible.

C.Itshouldbewellpreserved.D.Itneedstobefullyintroduced.

31.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Achildhooddream.B.Anunforgettableexperience.

C.Sailingaroundtheworld.D.MeetinganimalsinAntarctica.

28-31ACCA

【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了71歲的GillIIiBalinton從小就對旅行有

著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008

年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。

28.Ao詞句猜測題。根據(jù)第二段劃線詞前文“ThroughoutherCareer（職業(yè)）asaprofessional

dancer9shetouredintheUK,butalwayslongedtoexplorefurther.（在她的職業(yè)舞蹈演員生

涯中，她曾在英國巡演，但一直渴望進一步探索）”和“Whensheretiredfromdancingandher

sonseventuallyflewthenest,（當(dāng)她不再跳舞，她的兒子們最終獨立生活）”可知，Ginni在退

休和兒子們成家立業(yè)之后,她決定嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情。由此推知,劃線詞組taketheplunge

與trychallengingthings”嘗試有挑戰(zhàn)性的事情”意思接近。故選Ao

29.Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的"AnditwasinChileshediscoveredshecouldget

last-minutecheapdealsonshipsgoingtoAntarcticafromtheislandsoffTieradelFUego.（正

是在智利，她發(fā)現(xiàn)自己可以在最后一刻買到從火地島附近島嶼前往南極洲的廉價船只）”可知,

是一張折扣票價讓Ginni決定去南極洲旅行的。故選C。

30.C。細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Therealizationthatthisisapreciousland,toberespected

byhumans,wasoneofthebiggestthingsthathithometoGinni.（意識到這是一^塊寶貴的土

地，應(yīng)該受到人類的尊重，這是Ginni最深刻的感受之一。）”可知，旅行結(jié)束后，Ginni認(rèn)

為南極洲應(yīng)該得到很好的保護。故選C。

31.Ao主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“Eversinceherchildhood,Ginni,now71hashadadeeplove

fortravel.（今年71歲的吉妮從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛）”及全文可知，文章主要介紹了

71歲的GinniBaIinton從小就對旅行有著深深的熱愛，渴望探險，不再跳舞和孩子們成家

立業(yè)之后，她開始周游世界，并在2008年開始了前往南極洲的旅程。由此可知，Achildhood

dream.（童年的夢想）能夠概括文章主旨。故選A。

（2022全國U卷C篇，保留原題序號）

Someparentswillbuyanyhigh-techtoyiftheythinkitwillhelptheirchild,butresearchers

saidpuzzleshelpchildrenwithmath-relatedskills.

PsychologistSusanLevine,anexpertonmathematicsdevelopmentinyoungchildrenthe

UniversityofChicago,foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2and4laterdevelop

betterspatialskills.PuzzleplaywasfoundtobeasignificantpredictorofCOgnitiOn（認(rèn)矢口）after

controllingfordifferencesinparents,income,educationandtheamountofparenttalk,Levine

said.

Theresearchersanalyzedvideorecordingsof53child-parentpairsduringeverydayactivities

athomeandfoundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetween26and46monthsofagehavebetter

spatialskillswhenassessedat54monthsofage.

“Thechildrenwhoplayedwithpuzzlesperformedbetterthanthosewhodidnot,ontasksthat

assessedtheirabilitytorotate（旋轉(zhuǎn)）andtranslateshapes,,,Levinesaidinastatement.

Theparentswereaskedtointeractwiththeirchildrenastheynormallywould,andabouthalf

ofchildreninthestudyplayedwithpuzzlesatonetime.Higher-incomeparentstendedtohave

childrenplaywithpuzzlesmorefrequently,andbothboysandgirlswhoplayedwithpuzzleshad

betterspatialskills.However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplexpuzzlesthangirls,andthe

parentsofboysprovidedmorespatiallanguageandweremoreactiveduringpuzzleplaythan

parentsofgirls.

ThefindingswerepublishedinthejournalDevelopmentalScience.

24.Inwhichaspectdochildrenbenefitfrompuzzleplay?

A.Buildingconfidence.

B.Developingspatialskills.

C.Learningself-control.

D.Gaininghigh-techknowledge.

25.WhatdidLevinetakeintoconsiderationwhendesigningherexperiment?

A.Parents9age.

B.Children'simagination.

C.Parents5education.

D.Child-parentrelationship.

26.Howdoboydifferfromgirlsinpuzzleplay?

A.Theyplaywithpuzzlesmoreoften.

B.Theytendtotalklessduringthegame.

C.Theyprefertousemorespatiallanguage.

D.Theyarelikelytoplaywithtougherpuzzles.

27.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Amathematicalmethod.

B.Ascientificstudy.

C.Awomanpsychologist.

D.Ateachingprogram.

【導(dǎo)讀】本文是說明文。是關(guān)于孩子們玩智力游戲的研究，介紹了研究考慮的因素，研究

過程和結(jié)果。

24.Bo細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中…foundchildrenwhoplaywithpuzzlesbetweenages2

and4developbetterspatialSkilI（在2歲至∣J4歲之間玩智力游戲的兒童在空間能力方面更好）

可知，孩子們可以從智力游戲中發(fā)展更好的空間技能。

25.Co細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段（LeVine說，在控制了不同父母的收入、教育和父母談話

次數(shù)后，拼圖游戲被發(fā)現(xiàn)是一個重要的認(rèn)知預(yù)測）可知LeVine在設(shè)計這個試驗時考慮了父母

的收入、教育程度和父母談話的次數(shù)。

26.Do細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中However,boystendedtoplaywithmorecomplex

puzzlesthangirls,可知男孩比女孩更喜歡玩復(fù)雜的謎題，即他們可能會玩難度更大的謎題。

27.B.主旨大意題。本文是關(guān)于孩子們玩智力游戲的研究，介紹了研究考慮的因素，研究

過程和結(jié)果。所以是關(guān)于科學(xué)研究的。

名校模擬演練

（2023?北京房山?統(tǒng)考一模）Bornwithseverehearingloss,Lihasfoundherwayto

communicatewiththeworld-throughpainting.

BeforeIeamingtopaint,Lialwaysfeltlonelyinasilentworld.Sheknewshewasdifferent

fromherpeersbecauseshecouldnothear.Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforhera

doortocreativityandawayofexpression.

“Istillremembermyfirstmural,whichwastohelpakindergartentodesignandpaintits

wall/Lisays.??ThcprojectmademerealizehowhappyIwasimmersingmyselfintopainting.”

Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesignatavocationaland

technicalschool.4Taintingbrushescanhelpmecreateacolorfulworldinmyimagination,telling

mythoughtsonpaper,insteadofthroughvoices/9Lisaid.

Graduatingfromcollegein2005,Ligotajobasatypistatapublicinstitute.Butshecould

notcommunicatewellwithherothercolleagues.Herhusbandunderstoodhowshefeltbecausehe

losthishearingduetomedicationwhenhewas1yearold.Heisalsoanartlover.InMarch2016,

underherhusband,ssuggestion,Liquitherjobandjoinedherhusband,scompany,which

specializesin3Dwallandgroundpaintings.

Wallpaintingisademandingjobbecauseitrequirespeopletoworkoutdoors,whetherin

extremelycoldorhotweather.Asallthepeoplearehearing-impairedintheircompany,

communicationwithclientsisthemostcommonchallengethattheteamfaces.

Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehavecreatedlarge-scalemuralsand

interactivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartofthedrawings.

“MyhusbandandIwanttointroducepaintingtomorepeoplelikeusandhelpthemfindtheir

ownwaytomakeaIiVingJLisays.NowLihasanapprenticewhojustgraduatedfromcollege.

Whilecoachingthenewcomer,Liisexploringherownstyleandhopestobecomeanillustrator

andopenherownexhibitiononeday.

??They,reenergeticyoungpeoplewithapassiontocreatenewthings,andyoucanfeelthatin

theirpaintings,,,oneoftheirclientssaid.uThey,realsoaprofessional,dedicatedteam,often

workinglateintothenightonthedesignsforus.”

Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemorehearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirown

careersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessofhowtoughitmaybe.

1.Accordingtothepassage,thepaintingclassinprimaryschool.

A.startedLi,sfirstadvertisingdesign

B.helpedLifindanewwaytoexpressherself

C.madeLilearnabout3Dwallandgroundpaintings

D.turnedLi,sdreamofopeninganexhibitionintoreality

2.WhatcanWeknowfromthispassage?

A.Licancommunicatewithherclientseasily.

B.LilostherhearingwhenshewasIyearold.

C.Liandherhusbandhavecreatedmanywonderfulpaintings.

D.Liandherhusbandhopetobecomeillustratorsinthefuture.

3.Tohelppeoplewithhearingloss,whatdoesLiintendtodo?

A.Donatemoneytothem.B.Designpaintinggiftsforthem.

C.Inspirethemtocreatetheirowncareers.D.Supportthemtocompletecollegeeducation.

4.Whatdoesthepassagemainlytellus?

A.Oneisnevertoooldtolearn.B.Failureisthemotherofsuccess.

C.Acceptingwhatyouhavemakesyouhappy.D.Nothingisimpossibletothemanwhowill

【答案】1.B2.C3.C4.D

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要講述了Li天生聽力嚴(yán)重受損，但她通過繪畫找到了與世

界交流的方式，她希望她的故事能鼓勵那些與她一樣聽力受損的人建立自己的事業(yè)，實現(xiàn)

自己的夢想。

1.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的"Butapaintingclassinprimaryschoolopenedforhera

doortocreativityandawayofexpression4但小學(xué)的繪畫課為她打開了一扇通往創(chuàng)造力和表

達方式的大門。）”可知，小學(xué)的繪畫課為她打開了創(chuàng)造力與表達自己的大門。故選B項。

2.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第四段中的“Nowinmanyparksandscenicspots,thecouplehave

createdlarge-scalemuralsandinteractivepavementpaintingthatmakeonlookersapartof

thedrawings4現(xiàn)在，在很多公園和景區(qū)，這對夫婦創(chuàng)作了大型壁畫和互動路面繪畫，讓旁

觀者成為繪畫的一部分。）”可知，在許多公園和景點都能見到Li與她丈夫的作品，由此可

知，她與她丈夫創(chuàng)作了許多美好的繪畫。故選C。

3.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Lihopesthattheirstoriescanencouragemore

hearing-impairedpeopletobuildtheirowncareersandachievetheirgoals,regardlessof

howtoughitmaybe.（Li希望他們的故事可以鼓勵更多的聽障人士建立自己的事業(yè)并實現(xiàn)自

己的目標(biāo)，無論多么艱難。）”可知，Li希望用自己的故事激勵那些跟她一樣聽力受損的人

無論有多難，要建立自己的事業(yè)，實現(xiàn)自己的夢想。故選C項。

4.主旨大意題。根據(jù)首段“BornwithseverehearingIoss9Lihasfoundherwayto

communicatewiththeworld—throughPaiiIting.（天生患有嚴(yán)重的聽力損失，李找到了與世

界交流的方式一一通過繪畫。）”可知，Li雖聽力受損，但她仍找到了與世界溝通的方式一

一繪畫，根據(jù)第四段中的“Topursueherpassionforart,Liwenttostudyadvertisingdesign

atavocationalandtechnicalSChoOL（為了追求自己對藝術(shù)的熱情，李去一所職業(yè)技術(shù)學(xué)校學(xué)

習(xí)廣告設(shè)計。）”可知，她為追求自己對藝術(shù)熱愛，她上大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)廣告設(shè)計，并順利畢業(yè)，

找到一份工作，但她不滿意自己的工作狀況，又辭職與她丈夫從事3D墻面和地面繪畫，并

在各公園和旅游景點創(chuàng)作許多的藝術(shù)作品，由此可知，本文主要告訴我們的是，只要肯努

力，沒有什么不可能。故選D項。

（2023?遼寧丹東?統(tǒng)考一模）BettySandisonwashavinglunchwithsomefriendswhenthe

subjectofwishlistscameup.Althoughshehadspentmorethan30yearsworkingasaregistered

nurse,Bettytoldherfriendsthatsheregrettedneverfinishingthebachelor,sdegreeshc,dstarted

morethan67yearsearlier.

Bettywasthefirstpersoninherfamilytopursuehighereducation.Withadreamof

becominganurse,BettyenrolledattheUniversityofMinnesota.Butwhenshewasjust25credits

shortofgettingherdegree,forsomereason,Bettydroppedoutofschoolandsoongotmarried.

Hercareerwasputonholdasthecouplemovedaroundforherhusband,sjob,spendingtime

livingindifferentplaces.

Manyyearslater,Bettyreturnedtocommunitycollegetobecomearegisterednurse.She

workedasanurseformorethan30yearsbeforeretiringin2013.

Butin2018,shestillfeltregretfuloverherunfinisheddegree.Encouragedbyherfriends,

Bettydecidedtoreturntouniversitytocompleteherbachelor,sdegree.Shechosetoliveinthe

dormitoryandgotonwellwithherroommates.Sheenrolledinclassesandstartedworkingon

thoselast25credits.However,shewasdiscouragedbythenewtechnologyusedwhentaking

onlinecoursesduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Evenso,Bettypersevered.

Atage84,Bettygotherbachelor,sdegreeinMultidisciplinaryStudiesfromtheCollegeof

ContinuingandProfessionalStudies.Shedescribedtheaccomplishmentas“purejoy,pure

satisfaction^^.Bettymayevenaudit（旁聽）collegeclassesnowthatherdegreeiscomplete.Sheis

notsurewhat,snext,butthere,sonethingshedoesknow:Life,stooshorttolivewithregrets!

5.Whydidn,tBettygetherbachelor'sdegree?

A.Becauseshedecidedtomarryherbelovedone.

B.Becauseshedidn,tachievetherequiredcredits.

C.Becauseshedroppedoutofschooltoworkasanurse.

D.Becauseshevolunteeredtofightthecoronaviruspandemic.

6.WhatmadeBettylessconfidentduringherpursuitofherbachelor'sdegree?

A.Thedifficultcourses.B.Thenewtechnology.

C.Thecoronaviruspandemic.D.Theinterpersonalrelationship.

7.WhichofthefollowingcanbestdescribeBetty?

A.Accomplishedandfriendly.B.Popularandcaring.

C.Determinedandhard-working.D.Ambitiousandresponsible.

8.Whatmessagedoesthispassageconvey?

A.Geniusisnothingbutlaboranddiligence.

B.Notmatterofthetodaywilldragtomoπow.

C.Bethechangeyouwanttoseeintheworld.

D.Itisnevertoolatetocrossitemsoffthewishlist.

【答案】5.B6.B7.C8.D

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇記敘文。文章講述了年事已高的貝蒂?桑迪森在和朋友閑聊的時候談到她

后悔沒有完成67年前開始的學(xué)士學(xué)位，于是她回到大學(xué)繼續(xù)完成未完成的學(xué)分并獲得學(xué)士

學(xué)位。貝蒂?桑迪森認(rèn)為，生命太短，不能帶著遺憾生活。

5.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Butwhenshewasjust25creditsshortofgettingherdegree,for

somereason,Bettydroppedoutofschoolandsoongotmarried.（但當(dāng)貝蒂離獲得學(xué)位只差

25個學(xué)分時，出于某種原因，她輟學(xué)了，很快就結(jié)婚了）”可知，貝蒂未能得到學(xué)習(xí)學(xué)位的

原因是沒有修夠?qū)W分，故選B項。

6.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“However,shewasdiscouragedbythenewtechnologyusedwhen

takingonlinecoursesduringthecoronavirusPandemiC.（然而，她對新冠疫情期間參力口在線

課程時使用的新技術(shù)感到沮喪廣可知，在攻讀學(xué)士學(xué)位的過程中，讓貝蒂感到不那么自信的

是新技術(shù)，故選B項。

7.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段“Bettydecidedtoreturntouniversitytocompleteherbachelor,s

degree（貝蒂決定回到大學(xué)完成她的學(xué)士學(xué)位）”以及“However,shewasdiscouragedbythe

newtechnologyusedwhentakingonlinecoursesduringthecoronaviruspandemic.Evenso,

BettyPerSeVered.（然而，她對新冠疫情期間參加在線課程時使用的新技術(shù)感到沮喪。盡管如

此，貝蒂還是堅持了下來）”可知，貝蒂是一個很堅定，且努力工作的人，故選C項。

8.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Atage84,Bettygotherbachelor'sdegreein

MultidisciplinaryStudiesfromtheCollegeofContinuingandProfessionalStudies.（84歲時，

貝蒂在繼續(xù)與專業(yè)研究學(xué)院獲得了多學(xué)科研究學(xué)士學(xué)位）”以及“Life，Stooshorttolivewith

regrets（生命太短，不能帶著遺憾生活）”可知，本文要傳達的是實現(xiàn)自己的愿望，年齡再大

都不遲，故選D項。

（2023?湖北?華中師大一附中?？级＃㏕herearedayswhenIfinditnecessarytostep

outsidemyclassroomandchecktobesurethatmynameisstillintheTEACHERspaceovermy

door.SometimesIfeelthatIamastudentinmyclassroomratherthantheteacher.

Seatedintheclassroom,mysixthgradestudentseachheldadifferenttoolinthehand.The

studentsdiscussedhowwordsareliketools-theyhavetheabilitytobuildortodestroy,andthey

discoveredhowtherighttoolusedattherighttimefortherightjobcanproducegreatresults.I

watchedandlistenedwithasenseofsatisfaction.Theygotit!

A.fewdayslater,oneofmystudents,Laura,hadanunexpectedoutburstinclass.She

refusedtoworkwithhergroup.Iaskedhertoexcuseherselfandtogotoournextdoorteam

center.Shemarchedfromthebackoftheroomtoourclassroomdoor-shootingmeanangrylook,

andthenproceededtoslamthedoorassheleftfortheteammeetingroom.

Minuteslater,?stoodoverher.Beingextremelyangryaboutherdisrespectfulbehavior,?was

sharpinmytoneandharshwithmywords.WhenIpausedforherresponse,shestated,??You,re

usingyourtoolagainstme.^^Iwasspeechless.

Therearetimeswhenyouareatacriticalcrossroadswithastudentandtheroadyouchoose

willmakeallthedifference.Iknewatthatmomenttherightthingtodowastokneeldownnextto

herchair,andsoftlysay,"You'reright,Laura.Ihaveusedmywordsunwiselyandunkindly.Will

youforgiveme?"Shelookedmeintheeyeandsimplysaid,??Yes,Iforgiveyou,Mrs.Ekre.Γm

sorry,too.^^

Attheendoftheyear,shewrotemeabeautifulletter,attachedtowhichwasasmallkey-a

tool,shesaid,foralanguageartsteacherwhotaughtherhowimportantwordscanbe.Itservesas

myreminderofalessonItaughtasateacherbutoneIreallylearnedfrommystudent.

9.Whydoesthewriterfeelsheisastudent?

A.Herstudentsoftenchallengeher.B.HernameisnotintheTEACHERspace.

C.Herstudentstransformherideas.D.Sheabusesherpowerasateacher.

10.WhatmadethewriterspeechlesswhendealingwithLaura?

A.Laura,sangrylook.B.Laura,sabruptexplosion.

C.Laura,sslammingthedoor.D.Laura,saccusationagainsther.

I?.Whichwordscanbestdescribethewriter?

A.Caringbutstubborn.B.Tolerantandopen-minded.

C.Strictandchangeable.D.Sincereandflexible.

12.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A.Thepowerofwords.B.Theimportanceofteaching.

C.Thevalueofforgiveness.D.Thebeautyofunderstanding.

【答案】9.C10.D11.B12.A

【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文。主要介紹了作者作為一名老師的一次授課的經(jīng)歷，讓作者意

識到老師也可以從學(xué)生那里學(xué)到一些東西，同時也暗示了話語的力量之大。

9.推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“ItservesasmyreminderofalessonItaughtasateacher

butoneIreallylearnedfrommystudent.（它提醒我作為老師教的一課，但我真正從我的學(xué)

生那里學(xué)到了一課。）”并結(jié)合作者在教學(xué)中與LaUra發(fā)生的不愉快的經(jīng)歷可知，Laura的行

為讓作者的思想發(fā)生了轉(zhuǎn)變，認(rèn)為老師也可以從學(xué)生那學(xué)習(xí)，所以作者覺得自己是名學(xué)生。

故選C項。

10.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段中的"WhenIpausedforherresponse,shestated,wYou,reusing

yourtoolagainstme.”（當(dāng)我停下來等待她的回答時，她說：“你在用你的工具對付我。

可知，LaUni指控作者用語言對付她，這讓作者感到無語。故選D項

11.推理判斷題，根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“Iknewatthatmomenttherightthingtodowasto

kneeldownnexttoherchair,andsoftlysay,"You'reright,Laura.Ihaveusedmywords

unwiselyandunkindly.Willyouforgiveme?”Shelookedmeintheeyeandsimplysaid,

“Yes,Iforgiveyou,Mrs.Ekre.I,msorry,too."（我知道那一亥!j正確的做法是跪在她的椅子旁

邊，輕聲說：“你說得對，勞拉。我用詞不明智和不友善。你會原諒我嗎？她看著我的眼睛，

簡單地說：“是的，我原諒你，?？死滋?。我也很抱歉。可知，作者委身向?qū)W生LalIra

誠摯地道歉并征得她的原諒，可以看出作者的寬容與豁達。故選B項。

12.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“Attheendoftheyear,shewrotemeabeautifulletter,

attachedtowhichwasasmallkey-atool,shesaid,foralanguageartsteacherwhotaught

herhowimportantwordscanbe.（年底，她給我寫了一封漂亮的信，信上附著一把小鑰匙

——她說，這是給一位語言藝術(shù)老師的工具，老師教她單詞有多重要。）”并結(jié)合全文作者對

該經(jīng)歷的闡述可知，話語是一種工具，可能會傷人，但也能去安慰人，所以Laura在給老

師的禮物中的信中說到的是話語多么的重要，由此可推知，本文主要講述的是話語的力量。

故選A項。

（2023?吉林?長春吉大附中實驗學(xué)校?？家荒＃㎝yqueststartedwhenIwasontheNew

Yorksubway.Somechildrenwerewhining.Fourtrainscamescreamingintothestationatonce.I

putmyhandsovermyearsandcowered（蜷縮）一thenoisewasdeafening.Incities,the

ever-presentdullbackgroundroarofplanes,cars,machineryandvoicesisafactoflife.Thereis

noescapefromitanditwasbeginningtodrivememad.

?nanattempttorecapturesomepeace,Idecidedtogoonamissiontofindthequietestplace

onEarthtodiscoverwhetherabsolutesilenceexists.TheoneplaceIwasmostexcitedabout

visitingwasananechoicchamber（消聲室）inMinnesota.

Ironically,farfrombeingpeaceful,mostpeoplefinditsperfectquietupsetting.AndyetI

bookeda45-minutesession-noonehadmanagedtostayinforthatlongbefore.Whentheheavy

doorshutbehindme,Iwasplungedintodarkness—alllightswereturnedoffbecausetheycould

alsomakeanoise.

Forthefirstfewseconds,beinginsuchaquietplacefeltlikeheaven,aremedyformy

unsettlednerves.Then,afteraminuteortwo,Ibecameawareofthesoundofmybreathing.Asthe

minutestickedby,thebeatofmyheartbecameapparent.Then?heardastrange,metallicscraping

noise.Was?hallucinating?Thefeelingofpeacewasspoiledbyasensationof

disappointment-thisplacewasn,tquietatall.

ThenIstoppedobsessingaboutwhatbodilyfunctionsIcouldhearandbegantoenjoyit.I

didn,tfeelafraidandcameoutonlybecausemytimewasup.EveryonewasimpressedthatI,d

beatentherecord,buthavingspentsolongsearchingforquiet,Iwascomfortablewiththefeeling

ofabsolutestillness.Afterward,Ifeltwonderfullyrestedandcalm.

Mydesireforsilencechangedmylife.Ifoundmakingspaceformomentsofquietinmyday

isthekeytohappiness.Ifyoucanoccasionallybecomemasterofyourownsound

environment-fromturningoffthephonetotakingatriptothecountryside,you,llbecomealot

moreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydaylife.

13.Whatpushedtheauthortoseekachange?

A.Theannoyingkids.B.Loudchatsinstations.

C.Theroarofsubway.D.Endlessnoisesindailylife.

14.WhydidtheauthorpicktheanechoicchamberinMinnesota?

A.Itmightgiveperfectsilence.B.Itlaunchedatimechallenge.

C.Itofferedprofessionalguidance.D.Itwastheonlyoneofitskind.

15.Whathappenedwhentheauthorwasintheanechoicchamber?

A.Hestartedtalkingtohimself.B.Heheardsoundsfromtheoutside.

C.Hemadesomementaladjustments.D.Hefeltscaredinthefirstfewminutes.

16.Whatmessagedoesthetextconvey?

A.Noisesstopusfrommakingprogress.B.Momentsofinnerquietbetterourlives.

C.Weshouldbravelyovercomeourfears.D.Astateofpeaceandcalmishardtoattain.

【答案】13.D14.A15.C16.B

【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇夾敘夾議文。文章通過作者逃避噪音，尋求安靜的過程，告訴讀者內(nèi)心

平靜的時刻使人們的生活更美好。

13.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中“Incities9theever-presentdullbackgroundroarofplanes,

cars,machineryandvoicesisafactoflife.Thereisnoescapefromitanditwasbeginningto

drivememad.（在城市里,無處不在的飛機、汽車、機器和人聲的沉悶轟鳴聲是生活的現(xiàn)實。

它無處可逃，快要把我逼瘋了）”可知，是日常生活中無休止的噪音促使作者尋求改變。故選

D項。

14.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Inanattempttorecapturesomepeace,Idecidedtogoona

missiontofindthequietestplaceonEarthtodiscoverwhetherabsolutesilenceexists.The

oneplaceIwasmostexcitedaboutvisitingwasananechoicchamber（消聲室）inMinnesota.

（為了重新獲得一些平靜，我決定去執(zhí)行一項任務(wù)，找到地球上最安靜的地方，看看絕對的

安靜是否存在。最讓我興奮的地方是明尼蘇達州的一個消聲室）”可知，因為明尼蘇達州的消

聲室可能會帶來完美的安靜，作者選擇了它。故選A項。

15.細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中“ThenIstoppedobsessingaboutwhatbodilyfunctionsI

couldhearandbegantoenjoyit.（然后，我不再糾結(jié)于我能聽到什么這項身體功能，我開始

享受它）”可知，在消聲室里作者做了一些心理調(diào)整。故選C項。

16.主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Ifoundmakingspaceformomentsofquietinmydayis

thekeytohappiness.Ifyoucanoccasionallybecomemasterofyourownsound

environment—fromturningoffthephonetotakingatriptothecountryside,you,llbecome

alotmoreacceptingofthenoisesofeverydayIife.俄發(fā)現(xiàn)在每天的生活中為安靜的時刻留

出空間是幸福的關(guān)鍵。如果你偶爾能成為自己聲音環(huán)境的主人——從關(guān)掉手機到去鄉(xiāng)下旅

行，你會變得更能接受日常生活中的噪音）”可知，本文傳達了內(nèi)心平靜的時刻讓我們的生活

更好的信息。故選B項。

（2022?全國?模擬預(yù)測）IstartedpowerliftingwhenIwas65.Iworkedinrealestatein

Michiganf