Environment(大學(xué)互交英語1第四單元)

EnvironmentCelineLiuWarm-updiscussionWhatdoyouthinkaboutenvironmentalprotection?Situation?Solution?SituationNowThedevelopmentofhumanityhasbeenaglobalthreattotheenvironmentforthesurvivalofhumanbeings.EnvironmentPollutionAirpollutionWaterpollutionSoilpollutionEcologicalpollutionAirpollutionAirpollutionIn1996,anreport,whichisissuedbytheUNEP(UnitedNationsEnvironmentProgram),indicatedthattheozoneemptyoftheAntarcticpoleisenlargingbythespeedoftheterrestrialareaofthewholeAmericaeveryyear,whichbringsaboutthecontinuousascendingofincidenceoftheskincancerofthehumanbeingsandtherigorousdeteriorationoftheairquality.OzoneholeGreenhouseEffectThereisnodoubtglobalwarmingisafact.Globalwarmingisveryseriousconsequences,suchasglaciersmelt,sealevelrise,desertification,totheecologicalsystemandtheseriousimpactonagriculturalproduction.

Cars’emissionsareespeciallydamaging,too—partlybecausethenitrogenoxidesfromjet-engineexhaustshelpcreateOzone.AcidrainHeavyuseofenergytoenhancethehumanmaterial,butalsocausedunexpecteddisaster.Acidrainbringaglobaldamage.WaterPollutionWhatshouldwedo?1,government.1,提高全民族環(huán)保意識。Awakenthewholenationtotheimportanceofenvironmentalprotection.2,中國已規(guī)定并修改了有關(guān)水、空氣及固體垃圾污染的有關(guān)法律，為取得持續(xù)開展打下了根底。Chinahasstipulatedandrevisedtherelevantlawsonwaterairandsolidwastepollution,layingthefoundationforachievingsustainabledevelopment.3,保護環(huán)境識每個公民的責任與義務(wù)。Protectingtheenvironmentiseverycitizen'sresponsibilityandmoralduty.4,工廠廢氣、污水排放必須符合排放標準。Allfactoriesmustmeetdischargestandardsbytheendof2000.Whatshouldwedo?2,ourselves1,weshouldn’tthrowrubbisheverywhereanddrawanythingonthewall.2,Pleaseremembertoturnoffthelightswhenyouleavetheroomanddon'tforgettoturnofftheshowerwhenwefinishwashinghands.3,stoplitteringandputthebatteriesinspecialboxes.4,We'dbetterwalkorrideabikeinsteadoftakingataxiorabus.5,do

nottowasteasingledropofwater,otherwise,theonlydropofwaterwecouldkeepinthefuturewouldbeourtear!more

TeachingProcedureI.LearningObjectivesII.LearningStrategyIII.ReadingIIV.AssignmentI.LearningObjectivesInthisunit,youwilllearnhowto:1,usebackgroundknowledgetohelpyouunderstandareading2,findtopicsentencesofparagraphstohelpyouunderstandthemainideas3,newwordsandphrasesII.LearningStrategy1,usebackgroundknowledgetohelpyouunderstandareading(page.59)Applythestrategy:whatdoyouknowaboutwater?(3mins)wastewaterGroundwaterReclaimedwaterDrinkingwaterPotablewaterTapwaterBottledwaterPurifiedwaterMineralwaterSpringwaterTreatedwaterRegularwaterSaltwaterWaterresourcesWatersuppliesWatershortageWastewatersystem2,findtopicsentencesofparagraphstohelpyouunderstandthemainideas(page.60)Notice:topicsentencesareusuallybutnotnecessarilyatthebeginningofaparagraph.Applythestrategy:3minstoworkinpairstounderlinethetopicsentencesinparagraphs5,6,7,8and11onpage67.(para.5):Theeffectsofoverfishingarehiddenbystatistics.(para.6):overfishingthreatenseverywaterway.(para.7):theproblemofoverfishingisspreading.(para.8):whentoomanypeoplefish,toomanyfisharecaught.(para.11):Finally,thereisanothercauseofoverfishing:bettertechnology.ReadingIWasteNot,WantNotBeforeyoureadNowyoureadAfteryoureadBeforeyouread1,discussthefollowingquestionswithyourpartner.3mins1)Whatkindofwastematerialscanbereclaimed?2)Howcanwebenefitfromusingreclaimedwater?3)Isreclaimedwaterfittodrink?Referenceforthequestions:1)Alotofusedmaterialscanbereclaimed,suchaswastewater,usedmetals,plastics,wood,glass,batteries,etc.2)Thebenefitsofusingreclaimedwater:Watersupplywillbeguaranteedevenintimesofdroughtwhendrinkablewaterisrestricted.Lessornosewagewillbedischargedintowaterways.Drinkingwaterwillbepreservedforfuturegenerations.3)Reclaimedwaterisfittodrink.“ThereclaimedandpurifiedwaterissosparklingcleanthatitmeetsallthecriteriasetforthbytheworldHealthOrganizationfordrinkingwater.Itisperfectlysafeandpalatableforhumanconsumption.”NowyoureadSkimming&ScanningReadreading1in8minsonpage61,andfinishexcise1and3onpage63.partsparagraphsMainideaspart1Paras.1-2Abriefintroductionofwaterreclamation.part2Paras.3-5Thehistoryofwaterreclamation.part3Paras.6-9Theuseofreclaimedwater.2,Workingroupsanddiscussthefollowingquestions.WhydidCalifornianofficialshavetofindanewwatersource?

Californiaofficialsneededtofindanewsourceofwaterbecauseofadrought.(para.1)2)Whatdoeswaterreclamationreferto?

Waterreclamationreferstousingpurifiedwaterfromsewersforcertainpurposes.(para.1)3)Whyweresomepeopleafraidofusingwastewater?

Becausetheythoughtusingwastewaterwasunpleasantandwereworriedthatwastewaterwouldcarrydisease.(para2&4)4)WhatcanReWbeusedfor?

ReWcanbeusedtowaterfarms,grass,parks,lawns,golfcoursesandbaseballfields.(para.2,3,6,7,8,9)5)WhyisReWimportant?ReWisimportantnotonlybecauseitispopularandsafebutalsobecauseitisausefulsourceofwaterandawaytosavewatersupply.(para.9)LanguageStudy1,strikev.(para.1)1)Tohappensuddenlyandhaveaharmfulordamagingeffectonsomebodyorsomething侵襲，爆發(fā)

Atornadostruckthefarm.2)Tohitorknockhardagainstsomething(正式)打，撞

Thetowerwasstruckby

lightening.Theshipstruckarockandstartedtosink.3)todeliberatelystopworkingforatimebecauseofadisagreementaboutpay,workingcoditions,etc.罷工Theunionhasvotedtostrikeforapayincreaseof6%.2,sourcen.(para.1)Theplacewhereastreamorriverstarts水源，泉源

Wefollowedtheriverbacktodiscoveritssource.Aplacefromwhichsomethingcomes;meansofsupply.來源，出處

Ihaven’tbeenabletotrackdownthesourceoftherumor.3)apersonorthingthatsuppliesinformation提供消息者Whenwritinganacademicarticle,alwayslistyoursources.I’veheardfromareliablesourcethatthecompanyisdoingverybadly.3，leadto(para.1)Tocausesomethingtohappen;tohavesomethingasitsresult;cause.導(dǎo)致Eatingtoomuchsugarcanleadtohealthproblems.2)Tobeapath,way,orroadto通向，通往

AllroadsleadtoRome.4,coursen.(para.3)(=GOLFCOURSE)anareaoflandthatisdesignedforyoutoplaygolfon高爾夫球場agolfcourse2)Adirectionorroutefollowedbyashiporaplane航向，航線

Theysetacoursefortheislands.Theplanechangedcoursetoavoidthestorm.Aseriesoflessonsorlecturesonaparticularsubject課程

Thecollegerunsspecialistlanguagecourse.5,resortn.(para.6)Aplacewherepeopleregularlygoforholidays.度假地，游覽勝地ski(skiing)resortsBrightonisoneofthemostpopularresorts

onthesouthcoastofEngland.Theactionofresortingtosomething(正式)訴諸、求助、采取

Theywereabletosettlethematterwithoutresorttoforce.

Thelastresort最后的手段Asthelastresortwecouldborrowmoremoneyfromthebank.Resort,v

resorttosomething:tomakeuseof;turnto(oftensomethingbad)forhelp采取，訴諸，求助于

Hecouldn’thavepassedtheexamwithout

resortingtocheating.6,AstudyinFloridashowedthathouseholdswoulduseupto400gallonsforeverypersoneachday,ifitwerefree.(para.8)Intheclauseifitwerefree,theverbwereisinthepresentsubjunctiveusedtoindicateaconditioncontrarytofact.Inexpressionscontrarytofact,wereisthecorrectformwhentheverbbeisusedinthepresentsubjunctive.Hebehavesasthoughheweretheowner.HeordersmeaboutasifIwerehisservant.7,Itisausefulsourceofwater,whichwillbecomeevenmoreimportantinthefuture.(para.9)…whichwillbecomeevenmoreimportantinthefutureisanon-definingrelativeclause.Itisusedheretogivemoreinformationaboutreclaimedwastewaterandtherelativepronounwhichreferstoreclaimedwastewater.Acommaisneededinanon-definingrelativeclause.Thetreatment,whichisbeingtriedbyresearchersatfourhospitals,hashelpedpatientswhohavefailedtorespondtootherremedies.Helentmeathousanddollars,whichwasexactlytheamountIneeded.ExerciseⅢ.Vocabulary&Structure1.1)Settler2)high-quality3)reclaim4)courses5)havefarmed6)Resort7)Gallon8)precious9)slope10)source2.1)unpleasant2)effect3〕struck4〕thehouseholdonfootinsteadofbybusⅣ.1)M2)C3)J4)A5)I6)K7)B8)N9)E10)LⅤ.Translation1.1)eachhouseholdinthiscityusesupto300kilowattsofelectricityeverymonth.Thedroughtinthisregioneveryyearmayleadtomanypeoplebeingforcedtoleavetheirhometown.AlthoughIamwillingtogototheseasideresortwithyouontheweekend.Thegovernmentofficialscallforthefactoriesandenterprisestoreclaimwastematerialsandwastewaterasmuchaspossible.Itisagoodwaytosavewaterbywateringlawnswithreclaimedwater.2.1)他們最終探索出廢水循環(huán)利用的方法，即在某些方面用由污水凈化而來的水代替自來水。2〕使用循環(huán)利用的廢水能節(jié)約高爾夫球場的用水。同時，也可以節(jié)省高爾夫球場或公園的用水開支。3〕在佛羅里達州進行的一項研究顯示，參加循環(huán)水不收費，居民家庭耗水將達每人每天400加侖。即使循環(huán)水水價已達飲用水價格的85%，這種需求仍居高不下。Reading2BackgroundInformationOverfishingOverfishingreferstotheprocessoftakingsomanyfishfromthesea,ariver,etc.thattheamountoffishinitdecrease.Overfishingisanon-sustainableuseoftheocean.Intherealworldoverfishingleadstotwoseriousproblems:Wearelosingspeciesaswellasentireecosystems.Asaresult,theoverallecologicalunityofouroceansisunderstressandatriskofcollapse.Weareinriskoflosingavaluablefoodsourcemanydependuponforsocial,economicalordietaryreasons.TheGrandBanks(大淺灘)TheGrandBanksareoneoftheworld’slargestandrichestresourceareas,renownedforbothitsvaluablefishstockandpetroleumreserves.TheWorldBank(WBG)世界銀行TheInternationalBankforReconstructionandDevelopment,betterknownastheWorldBank,cameintoexistenceonDecember27,1945.TheBankispartoftheUN,whichexiststoprovidemembercountrieswithfinancefordevelopmentandpovertyreduction.CommencingoperationsonJune25,1946,itapproveditsfirstloanonMay9,1947.這些機構(gòu)聯(lián)合向開展中國家提供低息貸款、無息信貸和贈款。它是一個國際組織，其一開始的使命是幫助在第二次世界大戰(zhàn)中被破壞的國家的重建。今天它的任務(wù)是資助國家克服窮困，各機構(gòu)在減輕貧困和提高生活水平的使命中發(fā)揮獨特的作用。TheEuropeanUnionTheEuropeanUnion(EU)istheresultofaprocessofcooperationandintegrationthatbeganin1951betweensixcountries(Belgium,Germany,France,Italy,Luxemburg,andtheNetherlands).Afternearlyfiftyyears,withfourwavesofaccessions:1973:Denmark,Ireland,theunitedkingdom1981:Greece1986:SpainandPortugal1995:Austria,Finland,andSwedenTheEUtodayhas27memberstates.TheEuropeanUnion’smissionistoorganizerelationsamongthememberstatesandamongtheirpeoplesinacoherentmannerandonthebasisofsolidarity.Skimming&ScanningReadreading2in8minsonpage66,andfinishexcise1and2onpage69.Keytoexcises:DBBAAADBCACDBADGiveamanafish,andyouhavefedhimfortoday.Teachamantofish,andyouhavefedhimforalifetime.(para.1)Paraphrase:ifyougiveamanafish,heonlyhasenoughtoeatforthatday.However,ifyougivehimthetoolsandtheskillstocatchfishhimself,hewillbeabletofeedhimselffortherestofhislife.Translation:授人以魚，只救一時之急；授人以漁，那么解一生之需。WritingKnowledgeHowtoWriteanE-mail(page71)WritingStrategiesUseStrongAdjectivestoHelptheReader“See”WhatYouDescribePage73Describeaplace:TropicalcrowdedDramaticBusy