如何構(gòu)建知識(shí)體系樣本

如何構(gòu)建知識(shí)體系一、明確謂語與非謂語動(dòng)詞形式行區(qū)別（一）謂語動(dòng)詞表一（積極語態(tài)）普通式完畢式進(jìn)行式完畢進(jìn)行式write/writeshave/haswrittenam，is，arewritingHave/hasbeenwritingwrotehadwrittenwas/werewritinghadbeenwritingshall/willwriteshall/willhavewrittenshall,willbewritingshall,willhavebeenwritingshould/wouldwriteshould/wouldhavewrittenwould，shouldbewritingshould，wouldhavebeenwriting表二（被動(dòng)語態(tài)）式時(shí)普通式進(jìn)行式完畢式當(dāng)前時(shí)amisseenareamisbeingseenarehasbeenseenhave過去時(shí)wasseenwerewasbeingseenwerehadbeenseen將來時(shí)shallseenwillshallhavebeenseenwill過去將來時(shí)shouldbeseenwould表三（非謂語動(dòng)詞）積極語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)不定式普通式towritetobewritten進(jìn)行式tobewriting完畢式tohavewrittentohavebeenwrittenVing普通式writingbeingwritten完畢式havingwrittenhavingbeenwritten過去分詞taken二、明確謂語動(dòng)詞否定與謂語語動(dòng)詞否定區(qū)別謂語動(dòng)詞非謂語動(dòng)詞Hedoesn’tlikemaths.Sheisn’tcomingtomorrow.Theyhaven’tdonetheexperimentTheenginewon’tstart.Youmustn’tleavethingseverywhere.Hedidn’tplaybasketballyesterday.Notknowingwhattodo，heturnedtotheteacherforhelp.Hetoldmenottoopenthewindow.Notwelldesigned，thebridgecollapsedsoonafteritwascompleted.Hisnotcomingontimeletmedown.謂語動(dòng)詞借助于助動(dòng)詞+not來實(shí)現(xiàn)非謂語借助于not來實(shí)現(xiàn)三、明確主語與邏輯主語區(qū)別主語邏輯主語ThetableismadeinChina.Hecan’tjumpthathigh.Thetallerofthetwoboysisabsent.Toseeistobelieve.Seeingisbelieving.Whathesaidwasrightthen.ItissaidthathewillvisitChina.It’simportantforyoutomasteraforeignlanguage.Itwascarelessofustoforgettolockthedoor.Hetoldmetoleaveatonce.Hespokeinaloudvoicetomakehimselfheard.Heofferedtohelpus.Hisleavingisagreatloss.Doyoumindme(my)smokinghere?IrememberWeiFang(WeiFang’s)goingthereWalkinginthestreet，hehappenedtomeetJane.Thetreesplantedlastyeargrowwell.WhenIcametomyself，Ifoundmyselflyinginhospital.Peopletherewereallexcitedatthenews.Howabouttwoofusgoingoutforawalk?四、簡(jiǎn)樸句構(gòu)成（一）簡(jiǎn)樸句構(gòu)成（時(shí)間）+主語+謂語+狀語（方式+地點(diǎn)+時(shí)間）Greatchangeshavetakenplaceinmyhometowninthepasttenyears.Youmustfinishreadingthesebooksintwoweeks.謂語-----時(shí)態(tài)（過去、當(dāng)前、將來）、語態(tài)（積極和被動(dòng)）、語調(diào)（陳述、祈使、虛擬）（二）五個(gè)基本句型1、主系表構(gòu)造連系動(dòng)詞按其所示意義可分為如下四種：

1.變化類表事物發(fā)展變化過程，如go，come，become，turn，grow，get，fall等。

2.感覺類表人體部位感受，如feel，smell，taste，look，sound等。

3.狀態(tài)類表事物所處狀態(tài)，如keep，come，run，remain，stand，lie，stay，prove，turnout等。

4.外表特性類表外表給人印象，如appear，seem，look等。

連系動(dòng)詞作用是后接形容詞或相稱于形容詞構(gòu)造作表語。除了少數(shù)幾種（如feel，get，become，grow等）外，不用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)和被動(dòng)構(gòu)造。2、主謂構(gòu)造不及物：HelivedinBeijinglastyear.Heisspeakingintheroom.Listencarefully!Wouldyougothere?IfIwereyou，Iwouldgo.3、主語+謂語+賓語及物動(dòng)詞：?jiǎn)钨e語：此構(gòu)造是由主語+謂語+賓語夠成。其中謂語動(dòng)詞須是及物動(dòng)詞或及物動(dòng)詞詞組。賓語須是名詞或相稱于名詞成分。HeisspeakingEnglishnow.Hesawafilmyesterday.ThedeskismadeinBeijing.4、主語+謂語+間賓（人）直賓（物）雙賓語：間賓（人）直賓（物）此構(gòu)造由主語+及物謂語動(dòng)詞+間接賓語（人）+直接賓語（事物）構(gòu)成。如，Hebringsmecookieseveryday.Shemademeabeautifuldress.但若要先說出直接賓語（事物），后說間接賓語（人），則要借助于介詞to或for,如，Hebringscookiestomeeveryday.Shemadeabeautifuldressforme.用to側(cè)重指動(dòng)作方向，表達(dá)朝著，向著，對(duì)著某人。用for側(cè)重指動(dòng)作受益者，表達(dá)為了某人，替某人。常跟雙賓語動(dòng)詞有：（需借助to）bring，give，lend，hand，offer，pass，pay，promise,

return，send，show，teach，tell，write，ask,owe,hand，pass等。（需借助for）buy，call，cook，choose，draw，find，get，make，order,

sing，save，spare,等。5、主語+謂語+賓語+賓語補(bǔ)足語Iconsideredhimagoodman，Heaskedmetoleave.Ifoundhimlyingontheground.注意：感官動(dòng)詞有l(wèi)ookat，see，watch，notice，observe，listento，hear，feel，find，catch等。表“致使”意義動(dòng)詞稱之為使役動(dòng)詞，如make，let，have，keep，leave，set，send等。后接非謂語動(dòng)詞不同形式作賓語補(bǔ)足語，表達(dá)不同含義。后接不帶to不定式表達(dá)一種發(fā)生過或者還沒發(fā)生詳細(xì)動(dòng)作。后接V-ing形式表正在進(jìn)行動(dòng)作。后接V-ed形式表被動(dòng)意義。

（三）謂語與非謂語關(guān)系1、她躺在那里。Helaythere。2、她躺在那里望著天空。A.有連詞。Helaythereandlookedintothesky.B．沒有連詞Helaythere，lookingintothesky.Thebookwrittenbyhimsellswell.Thefallenleaveshaverotten.明確兩種關(guān)系：1、與邏輯主語關(guān)系（積極或被動(dòng)關(guān)系）2、與謂語動(dòng)詞關(guān)系（同步、之前、之后）例1Don'tsitthere________nothing.Comeandhelpmewiththistable.【06湖北--34】A.doB.todoC.doingD.anddoing例2Policearenowsearchingforawomanwhoisreportedto____sincethefloodhitthearealastFriday.【06山東--33】A.havebeenmissingB.havegotlostC.bemissingD.getlost例3________withsomuchtrouble，wefailedtocompletethetaskontime.【06四川--33】A.FacedB.FaceC.FacingD.Toface五、并列句Itrains.Iwillstayhome.Itrained.Istayedathome.Itrainedso/andIstayedathome.并列連詞：and，or，but，so，for，when，while，neither…nor，either…or，not…but,notonly…butalso六、復(fù)合句Becauseitrainedyesterday，Istayedathome.Thereare50studentsinourclass.30ofthemaregirls.Thereare50studentsinourclassand30ofthemaregirls.Thereare50studentsinourclass，30ofwhomaregirls.連詞狀語從句時(shí)間when，1.當(dāng)…..時(shí)候whenever，every(each)time無論什么時(shí)候as，當(dāng)……時(shí)候一邊…一邊since,自…..開始till，until，直到…時(shí)候?yàn)橹筺otuntil直到…才before，after，在…之前/后assoonas，themoment，immediately，theday，theminute，thesecond一…就…once,一旦nosooner…than，hardly(scarcely)…when一…就…地點(diǎn)Where，在…地方（特指）wherever，everywhere任何地方（泛指）條件if，unless，as(so)longas，只要onconditionthat，條件是incase，萬一ifonly，但愿因素because，as，since，nowthat，seeingthat，consideringthat，inthat，inviewofthefactthat(鑒于)讓步though，although，while,雖然evenif(though)，雖然as,雖然（需倒裝）whatever，wherever，whoever，however，nomatter+wh詞，盡管whether…or，要么…要么…despitethefactthat盡管比較as…as，notthesameas，notso…as，than方式as，theway按照asif(though)似乎，好像目that，sothat，inorderthat,forfearthat，恐怕成果sothat，so…that,太…以致于…ThisissointerestingabookthatIliketoreadit.such…that，ThisissuchaninterestingbookthatIliketoreadit.定語從句關(guān)系代詞which，as，that，whose，who，whom關(guān)系副詞where，when，why名詞性從句which，that，whose，who，whom，whatever，whoever，whomever，whichever，where，when，why，how，however四、獨(dú)立主格Itraining，Istayedathome.Withtheproblemstosettle，thebossfeltworried.Withtheproblemssettled，thebossfeltrelaxed.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____，thenewly-electedpresidentishavingahardtime.Withalotofdifficultproblems_____，thenewly-electedpresidentishavingagoodtime.A.settled B.settling C.tosettle D.beingsettledWithalotofdishestowash，Icannotgowithyou.Withalotofdishestobewashed，thekitchenisoutoforder.后接V-ing形式動(dòng)詞類：appreciate，avoid，bear，consider，dislike，delay，enjoy，escape，finish，hate，imagine，keep，mind，miss，practise，postpone，resist，risk，can’tstand，suggest等。這些動(dòng)詞須接V-ing形式作賓語。后接不定式與V-ing形式意義不同動(dòng)詞類

remember，try，regret，mean，forget，stop，goon，can'thelp等后接不定式與V-ing形式作賓語，表達(dá)含義不同。見下表：動(dòng)詞

接動(dòng)名詞作賓語接不定式作賓語can'thelp

禁不住做某事不能協(xié)助做某事mean意味著做某事企圖（打算）做某事regret對(duì)做過事表達(dá)后悔對(duì)要做事表達(dá)遺憾try

嘗試做某事努力做某事remember

過去發(fā)生動(dòng)作

將來動(dòng)作goon

繼續(xù)做未完畢事情

做完一件事后，接著做另一件事forget

忘掉此前曾做過某事忘掉做某事stop

中斷正在做事情中斷正在做事去做別事后接不定式動(dòng)詞類：

afford，agree，choose，determine，expect，decide，learn，offer，manage，hope，want，wish，promise，refuse，fail，pretend，happen等動(dòng)詞，后跟不定式作賓語。含情感色彩動(dòng)詞：

此類動(dòng)詞有excite，inspire，encourage，interest，satisfy，delight，please，move，frighten，surprise，amaze，astonish，shock，worry，disappoint，discourage，exhaust，puzzle，tire，terrify等。情感動(dòng)詞后接指人名詞或代詞作賓語，有V-ing和V-ed兩種形式，在句中作賓語和表語，V-ing形式指事物，V-ed形式則指人。帶介詞to動(dòng)詞短語類：

此類短語有be(get)usedto，leadto，devote…to，lookforwardto，stickto，objectto，getdownto，thereisnoendto等。當(dāng)它們背面浮現(xiàn)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要用V-ing形式。dress，lose，hide，seat，call，name等動(dòng)詞，可以跟人作賓語還可以用于系表構(gòu)造。need，require，want后接ing與不定式區(qū)別依照分別作主語、賓語、狀語、定語、謂語詞可以把語法聯(lián)系起來。所謂中心就是以動(dòng)詞為核心，明確什么樣動(dòng)詞是謂語（即有對(duì)的時(shí)態(tài)、語態(tài)和語調(diào)動(dòng)詞形式就是謂語動(dòng)詞）。明確謂語和非謂語關(guān)系，明確非謂語與其邏輯主語關(guān)系。強(qiáng)調(diào)連詞功能。語法基本就串講完了，做一種語法構(gòu)造圖，使她們知識(shí)系統(tǒng)化。分析長(zhǎng)句，是閱讀基本功、寫句子是寫作基本，從而做到使語法為讀寫服務(wù)。練習(xí)：1.Thechildrenwenthomefromthegrammarschool，theirlessons_______fortheday.[重慶卷]A.finishing B.finished C.hadfinished D.werefinished2.Johnreceivedaninvitationtodinner，andwithhiswork________，hegladlyacceptedit.[安徽卷]A.finished B.finishingC.havingfinished D.wasfinished3.Thecountryhasalreadysentupthreeunmannedspacecraft，themostrecent________attheendoflastMarch.[山東卷]A．hasbeenlaunchedB．havingbeenlaunchedC．beinglaunchedD．tobelaunched4.—It’salongtimesinceIsawmysister.—_______________herthisweekend?[全國(guó)卷I]A.WhynotvisitB.whynottovisitC.WhynotvisitingD.Whydon’tvisit5.Asthelightturnedgreen，Istoodforamoment，not_________，andaskedmyselfwhatIwasgoingtodo.[湖南卷]A.movedBmovingC.tomoveD.beingmoved6.—Robertisindeedawiseman.—Oh，yes.HowoftenIhaveregretted______hisadvice！[安徽卷]A.totake B.takingC.nottotakeD.nottaking7.Mary，______here-everybodyelse，staywhereyouare.【06全國(guó)I卷—35】A.comeB.comesC.tocomeD.coming8.Atthebeginningofclass，thenoiseofdesks____couldbeheardoutsidetheclassroom.[全國(guó)卷II]

A.openedandclosed B.tobeopenedandclosedC.beingopenedandclosedD.toopenandclose9.TheTownHall______inthe1800’swasthemostdistinguishedbuildingatthattime.[上海卷]A.tobecompleted B.havingbeencompletedC.completed D.beingcompleted10.Peterreceivedaletterjustnow________hisgrandmawouldcometoseehimsoon.[四川卷]A．said B．says C．saying D．tosay11.ThecrowdcheeredwildlyatthesightofLiuXiang，whowasreported______theworldrecordinthe110-meterhurdlerace.[遼寧卷]A.breakingB.havingbrokenC.tohavebrokenD.break12.ThechildrentalkedsoloudlyatdinnertablethatIhadtostruggle______.[浙江卷]A.tobeheardB.tohaveheardC.hearingD.beingheard13.thatshedidn’tdoagoodjob，Idon’tthinkIamablerthanher.[陜西卷]A.Tohavesaid B.Havingsaid C.Tosay D.Saying14.______byagreaterdemandofvegetables，farmershavebuiltmoregreenhouses.[浙江卷]A.DrivenB.BeingdrivenC.TodriveD.Havingdriven15.Theflowershisfriendgavehimwilldieunless________everyday.[四川卷]A.wateredB.wateringC.waterD.towater16.thesafetyofgas，thegovernmenthascheckedthecity’sgassupplysystemthoroughly.A．Toensure B．Ensuring C．Havingensured. D．Tohaveensured17.—Thelastone__________________paysthemeal.—Agreed！[全國(guó)卷I]A.arrivedB.arrivesC.toarriveD.arriving18.Allthestaffinourcompanyareconsideringtothecitycentreforthefashionshow.[上海春] A．togo B．going C．tohavegone D．havinggone19.Myparentshavealwaysmademe______aboutmyself，evenwhenIwastwelve.[江蘇卷]A.feelingwell B.feelinggoodC.feelwell D.feelgood20.—Excusemesir,whereisRoom301?—Justaminute.I’llhaveBob____youtoyourroom.[北京卷]A.showB.showsC.toshowD.showing21.JennyhopesthatMr.SmithwillsuggestagoodwaytohaveherwrittenEnglishinashortperiod.[福建卷]A.improved B.improving C.toimprove D.improve22.ThereisnothingmoreIcantry______youtostay，soIwishyougoodluck.[上海卷]A.beingpersuaded B.persuading C.tobepersuaded D.topersuade23.Pleaseremain_________untiltheplanehascometoacompletestop.[山東卷]A．tosealB．tobeseatedC．seatingD．seated24.I’veworkedwithchildrenbefore，soIknowwhat_____tomynewjob.(00N)A.expected B.toexpectC.tobeexpectingD.expects25.Heisverypopularamonghisstudentsashealwaystriestomakethem______inhislectures.[江蘇卷]A.interested B.interesting C.interest D.tointerest高考單項(xiàng)選取題命題角度高考命題者經(jīng)常運(yùn)用熟悉句型構(gòu)造，或者某些固定搭配來制造干擾，讓考生在非常神氣心情中迅速地得出錯(cuò)誤答案。針對(duì)這種狀況，咱們不妨把它歸納為如下幾種狀況：一、運(yùn)用倒敘手法將本來正常表述內(nèi)容斷開，將后半句提前。解題時(shí)可以考慮將題干撫正，或?qū)⒑蟀刖淇醋魇÷詫⑵溲a(bǔ)齊。Idon’tthinkI’llneedanymoney，butI’llbringsome_______.A.atlastB.incaseC.onceagainD.intime二、運(yùn)用思維定勢(shì)干擾手法Inordernottobedisturbed，Ispentthreehours______inmystudy.

A.lockingB.lockedC.tolockD.tobelocked三、運(yùn)用答語省略---Nancyisnotcomingtonight!---Butshe___!

A.promisesB.promisedC.willpromiseD.hadpromised---Hewasnearlydrownedonce.---Whenwas______?---Itwasin1998______hewasinmiddleschoolA.that，thatB.that，whenC.it，thatD.it，when四、運(yùn)用文化撞擊：母語干擾型I’llcometoseeyouif______.

A.you’reconvenient

B.itisconvenientforyou

C.youfeelconvenient

D.itisconvenientwithyou五、插入隔離Heranasfastashecould______thebus.

A.catchB.tocatchC.catchingD.caughtJimplaysfootball_____，ifnotbetterthan，Mike.A.aswell

B.aswellas

C.sowell

D.sowellas六、規(guī)則硬套型MyfriendMaryis_____beautifulgirl，_____girleveryonelikestoworkwith.

A.a，a

B.a，the

C.the，a

D.the，the

七、詞性誤用______hewasinJapan，hevisitedmanyplaces.A.During

B.Since

C.While

D.InIwasabouttogoout______thetelephonerang.A.when

B.suddenly

C.assoonas

D.directly八、標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)MrsLynnhastwodaughters_____.()，asfarasIremember，arebothworkingintheUS.A.whomB.andwhoC.whoD.they（一）明確考點(diǎn)：一、高考英語熱點(diǎn)動(dòng)詞歸納1、連系動(dòng)詞2、感官動(dòng)詞3、使役動(dòng)詞4、含情感色彩動(dòng)詞5、后接不定式動(dòng)詞6、后接V-ing形式動(dòng)詞7、后接不定式與V-ing形式意義不同動(dòng)詞8、進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來意義動(dòng)詞9、積極形式表達(dá)被動(dòng)詞10、虛擬語調(diào)動(dòng)詞11、省略代替類12、否定轉(zhuǎn)移類13、帶介詞to動(dòng)詞短語類14、瞬間動(dòng)詞15、籌劃未能實(shí)現(xiàn)類16、dress、seat類二、動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)1、考查在語境中判斷動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)運(yùn)用能力。?？紩r(shí)態(tài)為：普通當(dāng)前、普通過去、普通將來、當(dāng)前進(jìn)行、過去進(jìn)行、當(dāng)前完畢、過去完畢、當(dāng)前完畢進(jìn)行、過去將來等。2、時(shí)間、條件、讓步等狀語從句中動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)；主從句時(shí)態(tài)呼應(yīng)問題。3、持續(xù)性動(dòng)詞和終結(jié)性動(dòng)詞用法區(qū)別。4、及物動(dòng)詞被動(dòng)語態(tài)。5、系動(dòng)詞用法特點(diǎn)。6、某些以積極形式表被動(dòng)意義動(dòng)詞用法。三、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞基本用法2、考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can；could；may；might；must；should；need等表達(dá)判斷及推測(cè)與時(shí)態(tài)3、考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表達(dá)是語調(diào)四、非謂語動(dòng)詞考點(diǎn)1、謂語動(dòng)詞與非謂語動(dòng)詞區(qū)別；2、當(dāng)前分詞與過去分詞3、非謂語動(dòng)詞與不定式區(qū)別把握一種核心；明確兩種關(guān)系五、名詞性從句與定語從句1、考查其關(guān)聯(lián)詞區(qū)別2、考查主謂一致3、考查名詞性從句時(shí)態(tài)4、考查語序5、考查語調(diào)六、狀語從句考點(diǎn)各種從屬連詞含義及用法比較；狀語從句時(shí)態(tài)問題；狀語從句語序問題；狀語從句語調(diào)問題；狀語從句與其他從句區(qū)別。七、簡(jiǎn)樸句與并列句考查祈使句用法：祈使句構(gòu)成；祈使句反意問句；祈使句回答；祈使句+and(or)+句子用法。反意疑問句：祈使句反意問句；Ithink+賓語從句反意問句；主從復(fù)合句反意問句；表達(dá)判斷情態(tài)動(dòng)詞構(gòu)成反意疑問句。并列句：考查并列連詞用法八、倒裝句完全倒裝、某些倒裝九、名詞考點(diǎn)名詞重要考查名詞單、復(fù)數(shù);可數(shù)與不可數(shù)名詞轉(zhuǎn)換；名詞作定語；名詞搭配;詞語辨析；近幾年高考重要考查名詞詞義辨析從93年—共計(jì)32組，所有是詞義辨析。十、代詞考點(diǎn)：人稱代詞：人稱代詞指代問題，人稱代詞之主、賓格替代，物主代詞，反身代詞；不定代詞用法比較：both，either，neither，all，any，none、some/any、one，that和it、another/other/theother/others/theothers、every和each、few，little，afew，alittle，abit；else用法；it用法：it作人稱代詞,代替前面提到事物；it作形式賓語、形式主語；Itis…that….強(qiáng)調(diào)句型；it指代時(shí)間,季節(jié),距離。十一、形容詞和副詞形容詞和副詞基本用法；形容詞和副詞位置；形容詞和副詞級(jí)別；常用形容詞和副詞用法比較。十二、冠詞考點(diǎn)：冠詞基本用法；冠詞泛指、特指、類指于專指區(qū)別；冠詞習(xí)慣用法；冠詞語序十三、介詞考點(diǎn)：考查介詞基本用法；介詞與動(dòng)詞、形容詞、名詞搭配；with后接賓語與補(bǔ)足語。十四、主謂一致考點(diǎn)：語法一致原則：用and連接兩個(gè)并列成分、介詞、with隨著主語、各種代詞主謂一致、短語和從句作主語、定語從句中主謂一致；就近原則；意義一致原則。十五、交際用語考點(diǎn)交際用語命題特點(diǎn)是靈活、短小、先后語連接緊湊。不不大于多呈現(xiàn)省略狀態(tài)，并且語言場(chǎng)景突出。掌握好尋常交際用語41個(gè)項(xiàng)目是得分核心。二、備考建議（1）把握考點(diǎn)、突破重點(diǎn)、遠(yuǎn)離偏、難、怪，基本和貫徹是核心（2）用好考綱詞匯，突出重點(diǎn)詞匯和高頻詞匯（特別是活躍動(dòng)詞），強(qiáng)調(diào)語境用詞注意一詞多義（重點(diǎn)）(cover，run，reach，play，stand，beat，spare)固定搭配（?？紕?dòng)詞15個(gè)：take，get，bring，ask，catch，put，come，give，keep，make，break，hold，look，go，turn）1.be＋of＋抽象名詞2.the＋形容詞／副詞比較級(jí)，the＋形容詞／副詞比較級(jí)3.not／no／never／nothing＋比較級(jí)4.比較級(jí)＋thananyother＋單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞5.the＋比較級(jí)＋of．．．6.as＋形容詞原級(jí)＋（a／an）＋名詞＋as7.as＋形容詞／副詞原級(jí)＋as，比較級(jí)＋than8.thesame＋名詞＋as9.倍數(shù)＋比較級(jí)＋than．．．，倍數(shù)＋as＋原級(jí)＋as．．．，倍數(shù)＋thesize／height／length／weight／widthof．．．10.nolonger．．．／not．．．a(chǎn)nylonger11.．．．形容詞／副詞＋enoughtodosth．12.（much）too．．．todosth．13.．．．where．．．14.Howsoon．．．15.Therebe．．．16.Incase．．．17.keep／prevent／stopsb．（sth．）fromdoing（beingdone）18.have／keep／make／get／drive／send／set／leavesb．（sth．）＋賓補(bǔ)19．havesth．Done20．makeoneselfdone21．usedtodosth．22．warnsb．（not）todo／againstdoingsth．23．spend／wastetimeindoingsth．24．can'thelpdoingsth．25．sb．would（should）like（love）todosth．26．Given．．．27．情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋（not）have＋過去分詞28．sothat．．．29．such．．．that．．．30．．．．till／until．．．31．．．．thefirsttime．．．32．．．．before．．．33．It＋be＋一段時(shí)間＋since從句34．Itis／wasthefirst／last／second／thirdtime＋從句35．Asisknowntoall．．．36．nomatter＋特殊疑問詞37．What＋（a／an＋adj．）＋名詞／How＋adj．／adv．＋主語＋謂語38．It．．．that／what／whether／how／when．．．主語從句或todosth．／doingsth．39．think／make／find／feel／keep＋it＋賓補(bǔ)．．．40．Itis／was＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)某些＋that（who）．．．41．Only＋副詞／介詞短語／狀語從句……42．Never／Little／Nota／Hardly／Innotime／Innoway／Innocase／Seldom／Scarcely／Barely／Rarely／Nowhere／Bynomeans＋be／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語＋謂語43．So＋adj．＋be／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語(倒裝)44．a(chǎn)dj．／adv．／n．＋as／though/that＋主語＋謂語．．．45．Nosooner．．．than／Hardly（Scarcely）．．．when（before）46．notonly．．．but（also）．．．47．Neither／Nor＋be／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語48．So＋be／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞＋主語與So＋主語＋be／助動(dòng)詞／情態(tài)動(dòng)詞49．．．．doyouthink．．．？

50．Itissaid／reported／thought／believed／announcedthat．．．51．Thisis．．．speaking．52．donothingbutdosth./cannotbutdo/cannothelpbutdo/cannotchoosebutdo../havenochoicebuttodo…53．'dliketo，'dloveto，begoingto，meanto，oughtto，tryto，planto，begladto，behappyto54．I'msorry，but．．．55．Whynot＋動(dòng)詞原形？56．Do／Wouldyoumind．．．？57．How／Whatabout．．．？58．That／Itbe＋adj．ofsb．todosth．59．prefertodosth．ratherthandosth．60．wouldratherdosth．61．Ibelieveso，Ibelievenot，Idon'tbelieveso完形填空依照某些省市高考完形分析咱們可以得出如下結(jié)論：

（一）充分運(yùn)用文章構(gòu)造，上下文和先后句，找到對(duì)選取有提示作用詞或句。有時(shí)也許是同義詞，有時(shí)也許是反意詞。行文中有些句意是上下相應(yīng)，這往往也是題型設(shè)計(jì)特點(diǎn)之一，因而把握好詞義相應(yīng)，也是非常有助于解題。1.…h(huán)edidnotteachmeacceptancewhenhewasstrongandhealthy，butratherwhenhewasandill.A.tired B.weak C.poor D.slow2.Thenheheardit.Hoofbeats（蹄聲）.He

(1).Therebeforehimstoodatall，white

(2).Anoldmanstareddownathimfromitsback….“Comewithme.”

Raulfollowedonhishorse.(1)A.lookedup

B.wokeup

C.laydown

D.satdown(2)A.tiger

B.horse

C.lion

D.elephant（二）注意固定搭配。涉及介詞與動(dòng)詞搭配、動(dòng)詞與賓語搭配以及形容詞與名詞搭配等。要依照內(nèi)容選取對(duì)的短語。完形填空題型設(shè)計(jì)除了考查考生對(duì)行文邏輯把握以外，句式構(gòu)造題設(shè)計(jì)也越來越復(fù)雜。詞語放在句中，就要符合詞法、句法、構(gòu)造習(xí)慣等規(guī)定。在文章中運(yùn)用基本知識(shí)，實(shí)際對(duì)考生提出了較高規(guī)定。1.Myfatherwasonceastrongmanwholovedbeingactive，butaterribleillnessallthataway.A.took B.threw C.sent D.put2.---butitalwaysthatafterwegivesomethingup，wegainsomethingnewinitsplace.A.suggests B.promises C.seems D.requires（三）注意詞義辯析要善于在詳細(xì)語言環(huán)境中把握詞匯詳細(xì)意義，通過理解詞義進(jìn)行判斷才干精確推斷空格答案。1.Onenight，Iwenttovisithimwithmysisters.Westarted(1)aboutlife，andItoldthemaboutoneofmy(2).Isaidthatwemustveryoftengivethingsupaswegrow---ouryouth，ourbeauty，andourfriends---butitalways(3)thatafterwegivesomethingup，wegainsomethingnewinitsplace.(1)A.worrying B.caring C.talking D.asking(2)A.decisions B.experiences C.ambitions D.beliefs(3)A.something B.anything C.nothing D.everything2.Thefarmernoddedinaneighborly.Iwasfilledwithpride.A.senseB.wayC.degreeD.mood（四）依照動(dòng)作發(fā)出者選詞1.Tempers(脾氣)ofboththetouristsandwaitershadtomeetthesituation，makingitaratherquarrelsomeenvironment(環(huán)境).A.managed B.expected C.attempted D.risen2.Awaiterappeared.Hepausedforjustasecond，walkedintothewaterto(1)thetableandtaketheir(2)，andthenwalkedbacktotheloudcheersoftherestofhis(3).(1)A.set B.wash C.remove D.check(2)A.menu B.bill C.food D.order(3)A.tourists B.customers C.fellows D.assistants3.Minuteslaterhereturnedcarryingabottleofwineandtwoglasses.Withoutpausing，hewentoncemoreintothewatertothewine.A.change B.drink C.sell D.serve（五）依照上下文邏輯關(guān)系擬定選項(xiàng)1.Ilearnedhowtoacceptlifeasitisfrommyfather.，hedidnotteachmeacceptancewhenhewasstrongandhealthy….A.Afterwards B.Therefore C.However D.Meanwhile2.ButinmostThirdWorldvillagesmotherandfatherdonotgomilesawayeachdaytoworkinoffices.，thechildseesmotherandfather，relationsandneighboursworkingnearbyandoftensharesinthatwork.A.AnyhowB.HoweverC.InsteadD.Still（六）通過理解句意進(jìn)行判斷行文中句意是上下貫穿，對(duì)的把握上下句意之間聯(lián)系，才干明確文章行文邏輯，理解上下句意呼應(yīng)，以便能精確選好答案。1.…aterribleillnesstookallthataway.Nowhecannolongerwalk，andhemustsitquietlyinachairallday.Eventalkingis.…Thensuddenlymyfatherspokeup.A.impossible B.difficult C.stressful D.Hopeless2.Ilookedatmysistersandsawtearsintheireyes，alongwithhopeandthankfulness.Iwasalso___byhiswords.A.touchedB.astonished C.attracted D.warned(七)依照常識(shí)以及有關(guān)知識(shí)擬定選項(xiàng)1.OnahotsummerdayinlastAugust，IsoughtshadeandacooldrinkatawaterfrontcafeonaGreekisland.Overahundreddegreesinair.A.fresh B.cool C.still D.thin2.Atawaterfrontcafeatthetablenexttominesatanattractive，well-dressedcouple，waitingfor.A.cheers B.service C.attention D.flowers做完形填空題判斷根據(jù)：1、環(huán)境線索I’mtiredofseafood，soIdidn’teatmuch________thatday.A.vegetables B.flounder（比目魚）2、因果線索Hewasbadlyill，sohewas________.A.present B.absent3、轉(zhuǎn)折線索Hewasbadlyill，however，hewas________.A.present B.absent4、讓步線索Hedidn’t________thetest，thoughheworkedhard.A.pass B.fail5、順序線索Afterhewrotetheletter，she________itandthen________it.A.posted/signed B.signed/posted6、用途線索Ilikemy________，whichgivesmegreathelpintherain.A.umbrella B.bike C.pot7、反義詞線索Heusedtobelazy.Butnowheisquite________.A.hardworking B.handsome8、同義詞線索HemadealotofmistakesinthelasttestThistimewecanstillfind________afewinhispaper.A.quite B.only9、比較線索Weareshorterthanhe，soheisthe________amongus.A.tallest B.shortest10、普通個(gè)別線索Heisveryclever，sohe________gettheanswer.A.can B.can’t作文重點(diǎn)句型：對(duì)比議論：1、我批準(zhǔn)這個(gè)籌劃。Iam_________theplan.2、一方面，建工廠會(huì)給人們提供不同工作。_______，thebuildingofthefactorywillprovidepeoplewithdifferentjobs.3、另一方面，它可以省許多錢。______，itcansavealotofmoney.4、最后，它不會(huì)對(duì)環(huán)境有太大危害。________，itwon’tdomuchharmtotheenvironment.5、我反對(duì)這個(gè)籌劃。Idon’tagree________theplan.(beagainst)6、總之，咱們以為這不是個(gè)好籌劃。_______，wedon’tthinkitagoodplan.7、在我看來，它不值得做。_________thatitisnotworthdoing.8.學(xué)生觀點(diǎn)不一致。Opinionsare_______amongthestudents.Somethinkitisgood，______believeitispoor.圖畫圖表闡明1、這幅圖畫描寫了咱們學(xué)校生活。Thisisa_______ofourschoollife.2、有一種男孩站在那兒。Thereisaboy________there.3、有某些學(xué)生在打籃球。____________areplayingbasketball.4、百分之八十學(xué)生喜歡校服。Eightypercent________likeschooluniforms.5、三分之一學(xué)生住得離學(xué)校近。_________ofthestudentsliveneartheirschool.6、一半多學(xué)生要花50分鐘才干到學(xué)校。____________ofthestudentsspend50minutesonthewaytoschool.7、，這個(gè)都市將會(huì)有三百萬輛汽車。There________3millioncarsinthecityin.8．自從1990年以來汽車數(shù)量翻了一番。Thenumberofcarshas_______since1990.地方簡(jiǎn)介1、學(xué)校中央有一座教學(xué)樓。Thereisateachingbuildingin________oftheschool.2、樓南邊有一種游泳池。Aswimmingpool_________thesouthofthebuilding.3、樓背面有許多樹。Therearemanytrees________thebuilding.4、樓前邊有一種小花園。_________thebuildingisasmallgarden.5、樓對(duì)面是宿舍。________thebuildingisadorm.6、宿舍旁邊是食堂。Besidethedorm________thedininghall.7、廚房和客廳挨著。Thekitchenstands________thelivingroom.8、墻上掛著一張世界地圖。Amapoftheworld_______onthewall.人物簡(jiǎn)介1、她們雇了一種叫湯姆人。TheyhiredapersonnamedTom.2、她高個(gè)子，大眼睛。Heisatallmanwithbigeyes.3、她擅長(zhǎng)英語。HeisgoodatEnglish.4、她閑暇時(shí)經(jīng)常聽音樂。Heusuallylistenstomusicinhissparetime.5、她興趣是籃球。Basketballishishobby.6、她畢業(yè)于第八中學(xué)。HegraduatedfromNo.8MiddleSchool.7、她曾獲英語競(jìng)賽第一名。HeoncegotthefirstplaceintheEnglishcompetition.8、她友善并且隨和。Heiskindandeasy-going.9、她經(jīng)常幫咱們學(xué)英語。HeoftenhelpsuswithourEnglish.10、她被以為是最佳學(xué)生之一。Heisregardedasoneofthebeststudents.活動(dòng)安排1、咱們?cè)缟?點(diǎn)在校門口集合。Wewillgatherattheschoolgateatseveninthemorning.2、咱們7：30出發(fā)。Wewillsetoffat7:30.3、咱們將乘公共汽車去。Wewillgotherebybus.4、在那兒飯店吃午飯。Lunchwillbeservedintherestaurantthere.5、咱們將參觀那兒工廠和學(xué)校。Wewillvisitthefactoriesandschoolsthere.6、然后，咱們將和本地農(nóng)民聊天。Afterthat，wewillchatwiththefarmersthere.7、一種小時(shí)后，咱們?nèi)メ烎~。Anhourlater，wewillgofishing.8、我將全程陪伴。Iwillbeinyourcompanyalltheway.論述事件與寫信1、故事發(fā)生在倫敦。ThestoryhappenedinLondon.2、起初，她沒看見那個(gè)人。Atfirst，hedidn’tseetheman.3、然后，她走到汽車那兒。Thenhewentovertothebus.4、過了一會(huì)兒，她上了小汽車。Afteralittlewhile，hegotonthecar.5、日后，她掏出了槍。Lateronhetookouthisgun.6、最后，她被捕了。At