2023屆山東省威海市高三5月高考模擬考試（二模）英語含解析

2023年威海市高考模擬考試

英語試卷

本試卷共8頁。滿分120分?？荚囉脮r100分鐘?？荚嚱Y束后，將答題卡交回。

注意事項：

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第一部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。

A

2023hasarrivedwithawealthoffilmsscheduledtobereleased.Herearethreeofthemthatyoumightbe

interestedin.

?Spider-Man:AcrosstheSpider-Verse

Directedby:JoaquimDosSantos

Openingin:June2023

TheoriginalOscar-winninganimated（動畫的）Spider-Man:IntotheSpider-versewasabighitwhenreleased

in2018,anditssequel,AcrosstheSpider-Verseisoneofthemosthoped-forfilmsof2023.Thefirsttrailerdidnot

providemuchinsightintothestoryofthemovie,butitdidrevealthedifferentSpidercharactersthatMileswillbe

comingintocontactwith.

?Oppenheimer

Directedby:ChristopherNolan

Openingin:July2023

Oppenheimerisanewbiopic（傳i己電影）onphysicistand"fatheroftheatomicbomb,,J.RobertOppenheimer.

Thedirectorclaimsthatitwasquitethechallengeindeedtoattempttosimulate（模擬）anuclearexplosionwithout

theuseofCGIanimationduringoneofthecrucialscenesfromthefilm.LikevirtuallyallofNolan'sfilms,this

IMAX-shotfilmshouldbeseenonthebiggestscreenavailable.

?Dune:PartTwo

Directedby:DenisVilleneuve

Openingin:November2023

AfterthesuccessofDune:PartOne,Dune:PartTwohasbeenofficiallygreenlit.ExceptfortheStarWarsfilm

series,nootherworkhascontinuedtohaveabiggerinfluenceovertheworldofsciencefictionthanthisseries.

DirectorDenisVilleneuveclaimsthefilmwillcovertherestofthewriter5s1965masterpiece.

AsDenisVilleneuveoncesaid,"I'velivedwithDunefbrmostofmylife.Beingpatientispartofthejoumey.^^

Thatpatienceshouldpayoffwiththesecondpartofhissci-fiepic.

1.WhatchallengedthedirectormostduringfilmingOppenheimer?

A.Filmingintoughlandscapes.

BFindingtherightleadingactor.

C.Creatingrealisticspecialeffects.

D.ShootingbattlesceneswithIMAX.

2.WhattypeisthemovieDune:PartTwo?

A.Acartoon.B.Asci-fi.C.Abiopic.D.Athriller.

3.Whatinformationismentionedaboutallthemoviesabove?

A.Filmstudio.B.Mainplot.C.Runningtime.D.Releasetime.

【答案】l.C2.B3.D

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要介紹了2023年三個人們可能感興趣的電影。

[1題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?Oppenheimer部分中的“Thedirectorclaimsthatitwasquitethechallengeindeedto

attempttosimulate（模擬）anuclearexplosionwithouttheuseofCGIanimationduringoneofthecrucialscenes

fromthefilm.（導演聲稱，在電影中的一個關鍵場景中，如果不使用CGI動畫來模擬核爆炸，確實是一個

相當大的挑戰(zhàn)。）”可知，在制作Oppenheimer這部電影中，導演面臨最大的挑戰(zhàn)是制作逼真的特效。故

選C。

【2題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?Dune:PartTwo部分中的"Thatpatienceshouldpayoffwiththesecondpartofhissci-fi

epic.（這種耐心應該會在他的科幻史詩的第二部分得到回報。）”可知，Dune:PariTwo是科幻電影，故選

Bo

【3題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)?Spider-Man:AcrosstheSpider-Verse中的“Openingin:June2023（開幕日期：2023年

6月）"，?Oppenheimer部分中的“Openingin:July2023（開幕日期：2023年7月）”和?Dune:PartTwo

中的“Openingin:November2023（開幕日期：11月）”可知，文中這幾部電影都提到了其發(fā)布日期，故選

Do

B

MassimoBottura,athree-Michelin-Starredchef,hasextendedhisculinary（烹飪的）empireglobally.However,

hesaysthatthepeakofallofhisachievementsisMilan'sRefettorioAmbrosianoandthefollowing12global

branches.

AtRefettorioAmbrosiano,dinnerguestsaregreetedbyname.Theydineonfinechinaattablescreatedbythe

country'smostsought-afterfurnituredesigners.Thewaitersarepolite,andthechefshavebeentrainedunderthe

finestrestaurateursintheworld.Thesetmenuchangeseveryday,dependingonwhatcomesinwiththemorning's

delivery.

Thismorning'sdeliverycontainsdryarugula（芝麻菜）,chickenclosetoitsseiI-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-be-sold

oranges.Bydinner,however,thesupermarketcastoffshavebeentransformedintoathree-coursemeal.The100or

sodiners—refugees,thehomeless,andtheunemployed——enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure,laughingwith

thevolunteerwaiters,praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,atleastforanhour,thechallengesofalifelived

onthestreets.

ThebrightestgemsinBottura'sculinaryempirearenotrestaurantsatall.Hethinksofthemasspacesthatshine

alightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattentiononthefood-wasteproblembyturningfoodsthatwere

otherwisegoingtobeheadedtowardrubbishbinsintoMichelinGuide-worthymeals.

BoturafirstthoughtofRefettorioAmbrosianoasapop-upconceptforthe2015WorldExpoinMilan.The

organizershadinvitedhimtocookforthegrandopening.Botturaproposedsomethingdifferent.Hewantedtoinvite

theworld'sbestchefstocookwithhimfbrthecity'shomeless,usingleftovers.Thatideasoongotsupportedand

turnedintosomethingmorepermanent.

TodaytheRefettoriois“amovement,Botturasays."Itisamodelfbrfightingfoodwasteandisolationon

thefrontlines.Anditstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorapieceofhardbreadandcatchingsightofgold.”

4.HowdotheRefettorioAmbrosianosdifferfromBottura'sotherrestaurants?

A.Thewaitersarewell-trained.

B.Thetablesarecustom-made.

C.Theyarethree-Michelin-starred.

D.Dailydeliverydecidesthesetmenu.

5.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheeventatRefettorioAmbrosiano?

A.Aneveninggatheringforlocalchefs.B.Acharitysaleofsupermarketcastoffs

C.Awealthymealfortheless-fortunate.D.Avolunteertrainingforthehomeless

6.WhatdoesBotturathinkoftheRefettorio?

A.It'shisbestprofitablerestaurant.

B.It'sagoodprojectforfoodsafety.

C.It'sapop-upconcepttoextendhisbusiness.

D.It'swin-winfortheenvironmentandsociety.

7.Whichcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?

A.LessWaste,MoreTaste.B.ADinnerofDignity

C.BestRestaurant,BestService.D.ThePowerofFood

【答案】4.D5.C6.D7.A

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了米其林三星級廚師MassimoBottura創(chuàng)辦了Refettorio

Ambrosian。餐廳，用超市里丟棄的食物為一些難民，無家可歸者和失業(yè)者提供美味的大餐，這減少了食

物浪費。

【4題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中“Thesetmenuchangeseveryday,dependingonwhatcomesinwiththemorning's

delivery.（套餐每天都在變化，這取決于早上送來的是什么。）”可知，RefettorioAmbrosianos餐廳與

Bottura的其他餐廳的不同之處在于套餐是由每天的送貨來決定的。故選D。

【5題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中“The100orsodiners—refugees,thehomeless,andtheunemployed—enjoythe

mealwithobviouspleasure,laughingwiththevolunteerwaiters,praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,at

leastforanhour,thechallengesofalifelivedonthestreets.（大約100名用餐者，包括難民、無家可歸者和失

業(yè)者，享受著這頓美餐，他們與志愿服務員一起大笑，稱贊志愿者廚師，至少在一個小時內(nèi)，他們忘記

了街頭生活的挑戰(zhàn)。）”可知，為不幸的人準備的豐盛大餐，能最好的描述在RefettorioAmbrosiano餐廳

發(fā)生的事，故選C。

【6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后'一段"Today,theRefettoriois"amovement,"Botturasays.Ulltisamodelforfighting

foodwasteandisolationonthefrontlines.Anditstartsbylookingatanoldcarrotorapieceofhardbreadand

catchingsightofgold."（今天，Refettorio是一場"運動"，Bottura說。"這是在第一線與食品浪費和隔離

作斗爭的一個模式。它開始于看著一根老胡蘿卜或一塊硬面包，然后看到金子。和上文提到的

Refettorio為難民、無家可歸者和失業(yè)者提供大餐可推知，Refettorio對環(huán)境和社會都是雙贏的。故選D。

【7題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段中uHowever,hesaysthatthepeakofallofhisachievementsis

Milan'sRefettorioAmbrosianoandthefollowing12globalbranches4然而，他說他最大的成就是米蘭的

RefettorioAmbrosiano和接下來的12個全球分支機構。）”,第三段uThismorning\deliverycontainsdry

arugula（芝麻菜）,chickenclosetoitssell-bydateandtoo-ugly-to-be-soldoranges.Bydinner,however,the

supermarketcastoffshavebeentransformedintoathree-coursemeal.The100orsodiners—refugees,the

homeless,andtheunemployed——enjoythemealwithobviouspleasure,laughingwiththevolunteerwaiters,

praisingthevolunteerchefs,andforgetting,atleastfbranhour,thechallengesofalifelivedonthestreets.（今天

早上送來的貨包括接近保質(zhì)期的干芝麻菜雞和難看到不能賣的橙子。然而，到了晚餐時，超市里丟棄的

食物已經(jīng)變成了三道菜的大餐。大約100名用餐者，包括難民、無家可歸者和失業(yè)者，享受著這頓美

餐，他們與志愿服務員一起大笑，稱贊志愿廚師，至少在一個小時內(nèi)，他們忘記了街頭生活的挑戰(zhàn)。）”

和第四段中“Hethinksofthemasspacesthatshinealightonthedignityoftheirguestswhilefocusingattention

onthefood-wasteproblembyturningfoodsthatwereotherwisegoingtobeheadedtowardrubbishbinsinto

MichelinGuide-worthymeals.（他認為這是一個照亮客人尊嚴的空間，同時關注食物浪費問題，把本來要被

扔進垃圾桶的食物變成米其林指南中值得一吃的食物。）”可知，文章主要講述了米其林三星級廚師

MassimoBottura創(chuàng)辦了RefettorioAmbrosiano餐廳，用超市里丟棄的食物為一些難民，無家可歸者和失業(yè)

者提供美味的大餐，這減少了食物浪費，A項“少浪費，更多美味?！边m合做文章標題，故選A。

C

YoungandoldalikecanbecrazyaboutanewfindingbyresearchersatOhioStateUniversityandtheUniversity

ofChicago.Thereishopeforusallwhenitcomestocreativity,theysay.

Accordingtothestudy,whichfocusedonthe31mostnotableNobelPrizewinnersineconomics,therearetwo

typesofcreativitythatcanblossomatdifferentpointsinaperson'slife.Conceptualinnovatorstendtodotheirbest

workintheirmid-twenties,whileexperimentalinnovatorspeakintheirfifties.

Theyexplaininthepaperthatthereareconceptualthinkers,whoseektocommunicatespecificideasor

emotionsandhaveprecisegoalsfortheirworks,planningthemcarefullyinadvance,andcarryingthemout

systematically.PabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteinbothdidtheirgreatestworkinyouth.However,experimental

innovatorsbuildontheirknowledgeandaccepttheoriesthroughouttheircareersandultimatelyfindnewand

innovativewaystoanalyzethatknowledge.Thesethinkerstendtodotheirbestworklaterinlife.Thepapercites

VirginiaWoolfandCharlesDarwinaslatebloomers.

Thestudystates,"Manyscholarsbelievethatcreativityisonlyassociatedwithyouth.Two54-year-oldHarvard

scholarsweredeniedoffersoftenuredprofessorships（終身教授）duetoconcernsoftheso-calledproblemof

“extinctvolcanoes.^^

Theirfindingssuggestthatthiskindofbiased（有偏見的）thinkingleadstobaddecisions.Itignoresthefact

thattherearedifferenttypesofinnovatorsandthatdifferentproblemsdemanddifferentkindsofcontributionsand

solutions.Theyhopetheirworkwillgraduallyremovetheworld'sfavoritismfbrprecociousgeniuses（早熟的天才‘）

anditsignoranceofthecreativitythatcomeswithage.Weinberg,theco-authorofthestudy,said/Webelievewhat

wefoundinthisstudyisn'tlimitedtoeconomics,butcouldapplytocreativitymoregenerally.,,

8.Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlined“blossom”?

A.Fullydevelop.B.Suddenlychange.

C.Graduallyfade.D.Repeatedlyemerge.

9.Whatdeterminesaperson'smostcreativeperiodaccordingtothestudy?

A.Ageorcareer.B.Educationbackground.

C.Typeofthinking.D.Exposuretodiverseideas.

10.Whatdoesthewriterwanttostressinthelastparagraph?

A.Creativitybreedssuccess.

B.Creativityknowsnoagelimit.

C.Solutionsneeddiversecreativity.

D.Favoritismfbrgeniuseslimitscreativity.

11.What'sthewriter'sattitudetothenewfindings?

A.Doubtful.B.Objective.C.Positive.D.Critical.

【答案】8.A9.C10.B11.B

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了俄亥俄州立大學和芝加哥大學的研究人員發(fā)現(xiàn)，創(chuàng)造力沒有

年齡限制，我們所有人都有希望有創(chuàng)造力。

【8題詳解】

詞句猜測題。根據(jù)劃線單詞下文“Conceptualinnovatorstendtodotheirbestworkintheirmid-twenties,while

experimentalinnovatorspeakintheirfifties.（概念創(chuàng)新者往往在25歲左右做最好的工作，而實驗創(chuàng)新者則在

50歲左右達到頂峰。）”和劃線單詞所在句子“therearetwotypesofcreativitythatcanblossomatdifferent

pointsinaperson'slife.（在一個人的一生中，有兩種類型的創(chuàng)造力可以在不同的時刻blossom。）”可知，

概念創(chuàng)新者往往在25歲左右做最好的工作，而實驗創(chuàng)新者則在50歲左右達到頂峰，這說明具有這兩種

創(chuàng)造力的人在不同的時刻會做到最好，即得到充分發(fā)展，所以畫線單詞“blossom”與A項“充分發(fā)展”

意思一樣，故選A。

【9題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中“Theyexplaininthepaperthatthereareconceptualthinkers,whoseekto

communicatespecificideasoremotionsandhaveprecisegoalsfortheirworks,planningthemcarefullyin

advance,andcarryingthemoutsystematically.PabloPicassoandAlbertEinsteinbothdidtheirgreatestworkin

youth.（他們在論文中解釋說，有一些概念思想家，他們試圖傳達具體的想法或情感，并為他們的工作有

明確的目標，事先仔細計劃，并系統(tǒng)地執(zhí)行它們。巴勃羅?畢加索和阿爾伯特?愛因斯坦都在青年時期

完成了他們最偉大的作品。）”可推知，根據(jù)這項研究，一個人最具創(chuàng)造力的時期是由思考方式來決定

的，故選C。

【10題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段中"Theyhopetheirworkwillgraduallyremovetheworld'sfavoritismfor

precociousgeniuses（早熟的天才）anditsignoranceofthecreativitythatcomeswithage.（他們希望他們的工作

將逐漸消除世界對早熟天才的偏愛以及對隨著年齡增長而產(chǎn)生的創(chuàng)造力的無知。）”可知，作者想在最后

一段強調(diào)創(chuàng)造力沒有年齡限制。故選B。

【11題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中“Theirfindingssuggestthatthiskindofbiased（有偏見的）thinkingleadstobad

decisions.Itignoresthefactthattherearedifferenttypesofinnovatorsandthatdifferentproblemsdemand

differentkindsofcontributionsandsolutions.（他們的發(fā)現(xiàn)表明，這種有偏見的想法會導致錯誤的決定。它忽

略了這樣一個事實，即有不同類型的創(chuàng)新者，不同的問題需要不同類型的貢獻和解決方案。）”可知，作

者認為這項新的研究既有有點也有缺點，由此可推知，作者對該項新研究的觀點是客觀的，故選B。

D

Network-basedtechnologieshavebecomeincreasinglywidespread,andtheyarenowbeingusedbycountless

individuals,professionals,andbusinessesworldwide.Despitetheiradvantages,mostnetwork-basedsystemsare

highlyatriskofmalicious（惡意的）attacks.

Theconsequencesofamaliciousattackonnetwork-basedsystemscanbeextremelyharmful.Forinstance,an

attackonapowerplantnetworkcouldleavemillionsofindividualsandofficeswithoutelectricity,whileattackson

socialmedianetworkscanleadtoexposureofuserinformation.

Toovercometheweaknessesofnetwork-basedsystems,computerscientistsworldwidehavebeentryingto

developadvancedintrusiondetectionsystems（IDSs）（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）thatcouldhelptoidentifymaliciousattacks,

increasinganetwork'ssafety.Inrecentyears,machinelearning（ML）algorithms（機器學習算法）havebeenfound

tobeparticularlypromisingforautomaticallydetectingattacksandintrusionsonanetwork'sfunctioning.

AnimportantstepinthedevelopmentandtrainingofML-basedIDSsistheselectionofdatafeaturesthata

modelcanrelyorfocusonwhenmakingpredictions.Ideallybyanalyzinglargedatasets,researchersshouldbe

abletoidentifythemostsuitablefeaturesforsolvingagiventaskusingMLtools,andthiscanalsobeappliedto

intrusiondetection.

ResearchersatCanadianUniversityDubaiintheUAEhaverecentlydevelopedanewfeatureselectionmethod

thatcouldenablethedevelopmentofmoreeffectiveML-basedIDSs.Thismethodwasfoundtoperformremarkably

wellwhencomparedwithothercommonlyemployedfeatureselectiontechniques.Usingthefeaturestheyidentified

asmostimportantforintrusiondetection,theresearcherscreatedahighlyefficientML-baseddetectionsystem.This

systemwasfoundtobecapableofdistinguishingbetweenDDoSattacksandharmlessnetworksignalswith99%

accuracy.

Inthefuture,thefeatureselectionmethoddevelopedbytheresearchersandtheirfindingscouldhelpthe

developmentofnew,highlyeffectiveIDSs.Inaddition,thesystemtheycreatedusingthefeaturestheyidentified

couldbeappliedinreal-worldsettingstodetectmaliciousattacksonrealnetworks.

12.Whatdoesparagraph1focusonaboutnetwork-basedtechnologies?

A.Theirtargetedusers.B.Theirpopularity.

C.Theirpotentialrisk.D.Theiradvantages.

13.HowcanIDSsincreasethesafetyofnetworks?

A.Bytrackingmaliciousattacks.

B.Bystartinganti-virusprograms.

C.Bysortingoutuserinformation.

D.Byrecognizingmaliciousattacks.

14.WhatisthekeytothedevelopmentofML-basedIDSs?

A.Solvinggiventasks.B.Selectingreliabledatafeatures.

C.Makingaccuratepredictions.D.Analyzinglargeenoughdatasets.

15.Whafsthepurposeofthetext?

A.TointroduceanewtechniqueforIDSs.

B.Topromotenetwork-basedtechnologies.

C.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofnetworksafety.

D.Todiscusswaystodealwithmaliciousattacks.

【答案】12.C13.D14.B15.A

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。介紹了IDSs（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）相關技術和發(fā)展。

【12題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句"Despitetheiradvantages,mostnetwork-basedsystemsarehighlyatriskof

malicious（惡意的）attacks.（盡管它們具有優(yōu)勢，但大多數(shù)基于網(wǎng)絡的系統(tǒng)都很容易受到惡意攻擊。）”可知，

本段主要想要指出系統(tǒng)都很容易受到惡意攻擊，即具有潛在的風險。故選C項。

【13題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Toovercometheweaknessesofnetwork-basedsystems,computerscientists

worldwidehavebeentryingtodevelopadvancedintrusiondetectionsystems（IDSs）（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）thatcould

helptoidentifymaliciousattacks,increasinganetwork'ssafety.（為了克服基于網(wǎng)絡的系統(tǒng)的弱點，世界各地的

計算機科學家一直在努力開發(fā)先進的入侵檢測系統(tǒng)（IDS）,該系統(tǒng)可以幫助識別惡意攻擊，提高網(wǎng)絡的安

全性。）”可知，該系統(tǒng)能夠識別惡意攻擊，提高安全性。故選D項。

【14題詳解】

細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第一句"AnimportantstepinthedevelopmentandtrainingofML-basedIDSsisthe

selectionofdatafeaturesthatamodelcanrelyorfocusonwhenmakingpredictions.（開發(fā)和訓|練基于ML的IDS

的一個重要步驟是選擇模型在進行預測時可以依賴或關注的數(shù)據(jù)特征。）”可知，選擇可依賴的數(shù)據(jù)特征是

該系統(tǒng)的重要核心步驟。故選B項。

【15題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第一句"Toovercometheweaknessesofnetwork-basedsystems,computerscientists

worldwidehavebeentryingtodevelopadvancedintrusiondetectionsystems（IDSs）（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）thatcould

helptoidentifymaliciousattacks,increasinganetwork'ssafety.（為了克服基于網(wǎng)絡的系統(tǒng)的弱點，世界各地的

計算機科學家一直在努力開發(fā)先進的入侵檢測系統(tǒng)（IDS）,該系統(tǒng)可以幫助識別惡意攻擊，提高網(wǎng)絡的安

全性。）”可知，本文主要為了介紹IDSs（入侵檢測系統(tǒng)）。故選A項。

第二節(jié)（共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。

Afuturewhereinsectsmakeupalargepartoftheworld'sdietisonthehorizon.Despitetheunpleasantnature

ofsuchcuisine,insectshavebeenconsideredadelicacyinsomepartsofworldforcenturies.Theirbeinglow-fat

andhigh-proteinmakesthemaperfectchoiceforreducinghunger.16

Animalproteinfromlivestock（家畜）,suchascows,chickenandpigs,takesup80percentoftheentireworld's

farmland,despiteonlymakinguplessthanone-fifthofcaloriesconsumedglobally.17Thusitwouldsupport

avarietyofbiodiversityasnatureintended.

Insectssuchasgrasshoppers,mealwormsandcricketsarepackedfullofproteinwithmuchhighervitamin

levelsthanporkorbeef.18Greenhousegasemissionsthroughthisprocessarealsoverylittle,withinsect

wastemakingexcellentfertilizer（肥料）foragriculturalsoil.

Itseemsthatinsectsareanidealsolutionformanyissuestheworldtodayisfacedwith.19Urbanareas

ofAsia,EuropeandNorthAmericaaremostlikelytoassociateinsectswithdirtinsteadofasatastymeal.

Timesarechanging.TheEuropeanUnionlastyeardeclaredthatmealwormsweresafeforhumanconsumption.

Cricketproteinpowderisalsoincreasinggreatlyinpopularity,withCanadarapidlybecomingthelargestmarketfor

theproduct.

20Asweexploreoursolarsystem,efficientmeansofproducinganimalbased-proteinswillbecome

vital.Nonearemoreefficientspace-wisethaninsects.Andthecoloniesofthefuturecouldwellfindthemselves

enjoyingfriedcricketswithapintofbeerwhilewatchingtheMartiansunset.

A.Theyalsohaveahostofenvironmentalbenefits.

B.Insectsreproducequicklyandhavehighgrowthrates.

C.Unlikeagriculture,insectsproducefarfewergreenhousegases.

D.Theyrequirelittlespace,waterandtechnologytoraisecomparedtolivestock.

E.However,makingthemadeliciouscuisinecanbeachallengeinseveralcultures.

F.Byfreeinguplivestockspace,hugeexpansesoflandcouldbereturnedtonature.

G.Afuturewhereinsectswillbecomeinvaluabletospaceexplorationisalsoupcoming.

【答案】16.A17.F18.D19.E20.G

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了用昆蟲制作美味佳肴的好處。昆蟲低脂肪和高蛋白使它們成

為減少饑餓的完美選擇，而且用昆蟲制作美味佳肴還能帶來許多環(huán)境效益。

【16題詳解】

上文uDespitetheunpleasantnatureofsuchcuisine,insectshavebeenconsideredadelicacyinsomepartsof

worldforcenturies.Theirbeinglow-fatandhigh-proteinmakesthemaperfectchoiceforreducinghunger.（盡管

這種烹飪方式令人不快，但幾個世紀以來，昆蟲一直被視為世界上某些地區(qū)的美味佳肴。它們的低脂肪

和高蛋白使它們成為減少饑餓的完美選擇）”指出昆蟲成為美味佳肴的原因，A項“它們還有許多環(huán)境效

益?！背薪由衔?，繼續(xù)描述昆蟲成為美味佳肴的原因，故選A。

【17題詳解】

上文“Animalproteinfromlivestock（家畜），suchascows,chickenandpigs,takesup80percentoftheentire

world'sfarmland,despiteonlymakinguplessthanone-fifthofcaloriesconsumedglobally.（來自牲畜,如牛、

雞和豬的動物蛋白，占據(jù)了全世界80%的農(nóng)田，盡管只占全球消耗卡路里的不到五分之一）”指出牲畜占

據(jù)了全世界80%的農(nóng)田，F(xiàn)項“通過釋放牲畜的空間，大片的土地可以回歸自然?！背薪由衔?，指出釋放

這些空間，會有好處，故選F。

【18題詳解】

上文“Insectssuchasgrasshoppers,mealwormsandcricketsarepackedfullofproteinwithmuchhighervitamin

levelsthanporkorbeef.（蝗蟲、粉蟲和蟋蟀等昆蟲富含蛋白質(zhì)，維生素含量比豬肉或牛肉高得多）”指出飼

養(yǎng)昆蟲的好處，即昆蟲富含蛋白質(zhì)，維生素含量比豬肉或牛肉高得多，"Greenhousegasemissions

throughthisprocessarealsoverylittle,withinsectwastemakingexcellentfertilizer（肥料）foragricultural

soil.（通過這一過程的溫室氣體排放量也很少，昆蟲廢棄物可以作為農(nóng)業(yè)土壤的優(yōu)質(zhì)肥料）”也是在講飼養(yǎng)

昆蟲的好處。由此可知，空處也應圍繞飼養(yǎng)昆蟲的好處來寫，D項“與畜牧業(yè)相比，它們需要很少的空

間、水和技術來飼養(yǎng)?！背猩蠁⑾?，符合語境，故選D。

【19題詳解】

上文"Itseemsthatinsectsareanidealsolutionformanyissuestheworldtodayisfacedwith.（昆蟲似乎是當今

世界面臨的許多問題的理想解決方案）”指出用昆蟲制作美味佳肴能解決許多問題，下文“Urbanareasof

Asia,EuropeandNorthAmericaaremostlikelytoassociateinsectswithdirtinsteadofasatastymeal.（在亞洲、

歐洲和北美的城市地區(qū)，人們更傾向于將昆蟲與泥土聯(lián)系在一起，而不是將其作為美味的一餐）”指出有

些地區(qū)不用昆蟲來做美味佳肴。由此可知，E項“然而，在不同的文化中，做出美味的菜肴是一個挑

戰(zhàn)?！焙蜕衔氖寝D折關系，且下文具體說明了E項內(nèi)容，故選E。

[20題詳解】

下文“Asweexploreoursolarsystem,efficientmeansofproducinganimalbased-proteinswillbecomevital.

Nonearemoreefficientspace-wisethaninsects.（隨著我們探索太陽系，生產(chǎn)動物蛋白質(zhì)的有效方法將變得

至關重要。在空間利用方面，沒有什么比昆蟲更有效率）”指出昆蟲在太空探索方面發(fā)揮的作用。由此可

知I,G項“昆蟲將成為太空探索無價之寶的未來也即將到來?！币鹣挛?，符合語境，故選G。

第二部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分）

閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選

項。

JimQuickgrewuponafarminOrchardHill,Georgia.Therehelearnedhow21beesaretothefoodwe

eat.Whenhewas11,hisgrandfatheraskedhimtostartabeehivetokeepthe22growingstrong.

"Forty-twoyearslater,andI'mstill23JOuicksaidinarecentinterview.Beforehisretirement,the

masterbeekeepertaughtentomology（thestudyofinsects）attheUniversityofGeorgiainAthens.

Quickisstilllearningaboutbeesonthefarmwherehegrewup.Butheisworried:Thebee24isin

danger.Nearly40%ofbeehivesintheUnitedStateswere25in2021alone.This26Quickandother

scientistsbecausebeesareessentialtofood27.Theypollinate（授粉）floweringcropsandplants,

28theproductionofseedsandfruits.

Thedecliningbeepopulationcanbe29byseveralfactors,includingparasites（寄生物）thatkillor

weakenthehives.Habitatloss,30andclimatechangearealsotoblame.Pesticidesgetintothenectar（花

蜜）ofplants,whichisessentialtoabee's31.Poisonoussubstancesinthenectarhannthebees'memory.

Scientistsaresearchingfor32tohelpthebeepopulation.ButQuickalreadyhasa（n）33/'Set

upabeehiveatschool,“hesaid,“andleammoreaboutpollinators.vKidsaren'ttooyoungto34Afterall,

justattheageof11Quick35hisfirstbeehive.<4Wecouldgrowmorebees,“hesaid,“ifwehadmorepeople

todoit.”

21.A.vitalB.friendlyC.addictedD.sensitive

22.A.beesB.bushesC.cropsD.roots

23.A.tryingB.workingC.learningD.teaching

24.A.growthB.migrationC.diversityD.population

25.A.lostB.movedC.collectedD.discovered

26.A.disappointsB.concernsC.shocksD.challenges

27.A.safetyB.storageC.flavorD.production

28.A.relyingonB.resultinginC.speedingupD.controllingover

29.A.causedB.identifiedC.worsenedD.limited

30.A.enemiesB.disastersC.diseasesD.chemicals

31.A.sizeB.lifeC.dietD.memory

32.A.cluesB.solutionsC.volunteersD.donations

33.A.jobB.ideaC.choiceD.schedule

34.A.helpB.rememberC.decideD.communicate

35.A.decoratedB.designedC.startedD.bought

【答案】2LA22.C23.C24.D25.A26.B27.D28.B29.A30.D

C32.B33.B34.A35.C

【解析】

【導語】這是一篇記敘文。文章主要講述了蜜蜂對我們的食物至關重要，但是蜜蜂種群正處于危險之中,

Quick和其他科學家正在尋找?guī)椭鄯浞敝车霓k法。

[21題詳解】

考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意：在那里，他了解到蜜蜂對我們食物的重要性。A.vital至關重要的；B.

friendly友好的；C.addicted沉迷的；D.sensitive敏感的。由下文“becausebeesareessentialtofood"可

知，蜜蜂對我們的食物至關重要，故選A。

【22題詳解】

考查名詞詞義辨析。句意：在他11歲的時候，他的祖父讓他建一個蜂箱來維持莊稼的生長。A.bees蜂

蜜；B.bushes灌木叢；C.crops莊稼；D.roots根部。由上文“Therehelearnedhow_I_beesaretothefood

weeat."和下文abecausebeesareessentialtofoodM可知，蜜蜂對我們的食物至關重，由此可推斷出，建

一個蜂箱