期末各單元重點(diǎn)知識(shí)梳理（知識(shí)清單）譯林版英語(yǔ)五年級(jí)上冊(cè)

20232024五年級(jí)上冊(cè)期末復(fù)習(xí)Unit1bearn.[c]+sear字母組合的發(fā)音：/e?/bearpear/??/dear/??/learnforestn.森林[c]+sintheforestthere有；那里overthere在那邊look(over)there看那邊Therebe句型Thereis+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)(短語(yǔ))+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)Thereis+不可數(shù)名詞(短語(yǔ))+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)Thereare+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(短語(yǔ))+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)“就近原則”Thereisatableandsomechairsintheroom.Therearesomechairsandatableintheroom.housen.[c]+sinthehousehome=house+familyhorsen.馬[c]+ssoupn.[u]Thereissomesoupinthebowl.tomatosouppotatosoupvegetablesouprightn.右邊[left]ontheright/leftadj.正確的→wrongadj.錯(cuò)誤的合適的berightforroomn.[c]+s/u:/goodfootball/?/intheroom在房間里bedroombathroomrestroomhardadj.硬的；困難的[=difficult]hard+n.behardworkhard努力工作studyhard刻苦學(xué)習(xí)hardworkingadj.勤奮的，刻苦的softadj.柔軟的soft+n.besoftafraidadj.害怕的beafraidbeafraidof+n./pron./v.ingXiaoMingisveryafraidofthedogs.XiaoMingisveryafraidofthem.XiaoMingisveryafraidofswimming.infrontof…在…的前面[behind]inthefrontof…在…的前部Thereisadeskinfrontofme.helpv.幫助helpsbwithsth在某事上幫助某人helpsbdosth幫助某人做某事ChenyhelpsyouwithEnglish.ChenyhelpsyoustudyEnglish.besideprep.+n./pron./v.ingnear附近nextto緊挨著betweenAandB[二者]之間reallyadv.真地realadj.真實(shí)的findv.找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)findsb/sth+地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)findsb/sth+n.短語(yǔ)/adj.Ifindhimagoodboy.Ifindhimgood.find強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)果lookfor強(qiáng)調(diào)過(guò)程lookout(for)小心…lookoutof…看…的外面lookafter…照顧=takecareof…What+a/an+adj.+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)！What+adj.+可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)！What+adj.+不可數(shù)名詞！How+adj.+a/an+可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)！too太…so如此…very非?！璫一般情況發(fā)/k/在eiy前發(fā)/s/icecitybicycleUnit2student[c]+steachern.老師[c]+steachv.教導(dǎo)[三單]teachesteachsbsth=teachsthtosbChenyteachesthemEnglish.=ChenyteachesEnglishtothem.showsbaroundsp向某人展示某處showsbsth=showsthtosbHeshowsushisnewshirt.=Heshowshisnewshirttous.classroom[c]+sclass+room=classroominclass在課上intheroom在房間里outoftheroom在房間外面second=2ndthird=3rdfirst=1st序數(shù)詞前必有：定冠詞the，名詞所有格’s，形容詞性物主代詞（三選一）【一樓】thefirstfloor[美式]=thegroundfloor[英式]mysecondsisterLily’sthirdtriptoBeijingfloor[c]+sonthefloor在地板上puter[c]+smousen.鼠標(biāo)[c]+s老鼠[c]復(fù)數(shù)：miceswingn.秋千[c]+splayontheswingpush[三單]pushes→pullv.拉pushsb/sthDon’tpushme.heavyadj.重的lightadj.輕的heavy/light+n.beheavy/lightstopv.停止stopdoingsth停止做某事（不做事）stoptodosth停下來(lái)去做（做另一件事）Thelittleboystopssinging.小男孩不唱歌了。Thelittleboystopstosing.小男孩停下來(lái)去唱歌了。(之前在干別的事)highadj.高的adv.高地flykiteshigh風(fēng)箏放得高高地toohigh太高→lowadj.矮的，低的greatadj.棒的great+n.begreatThisisfun!Whatgreatfun!Unit3one…,theother…【只用于兩者】Ihavetwodogs,oneisbig,theotherislittle.body[c]bodiesleg[c]+sarm[c]+sv.武裝armsbwithsth用…武裝某人wing[c]+sfoot[c]feettooth→teethgoose→geesefinger[c]+stoe[c]+s腳趾頭rabbit[c]+sno+[c]plno+[u]=notany+[c]pl=notany+[u]Ihavenoapples.=Idon’thaveanyapples.Shehasnowater.=Shedoesn’thaveanywater.or常用于否定或疑問(wèn)句，用于鏈接相同屬性的單詞、短語(yǔ)或句子give雙賓語(yǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)givesbsth=givesthtosb[現(xiàn)在分詞]giving[三單]givesUnit4hobby[c]hobbiesstory[c]storiesgroup[c]+sidea[c]+sanideaice[u]aholeintheice冰上的洞hole[c]+s2.begoodat+n./pron./v.ing擅長(zhǎng)…SheisgoodatChinese.Sheisgoodatthem.Sheisgoodatdancing.3.with戴著；有；和…一起ahousewithayellowdoor有黃門(mén)的房子v.+withplaywithtalkwith4.alsobe后實(shí)前/情后實(shí)前/助后實(shí)前Theyarealsostudents.Theycanalsoswim.TheyalsolikeEnglish.read[現(xiàn)在分詞]readingdance[現(xiàn)在分詞]dancingsing[現(xiàn)在分詞]singingalotof+[c]pl/[u]許多…=many+[c]pl=much+[u]playthepianoplay+the+西洋樂(lè)器play+球類(lèi)/棋類(lèi)watchfilms看電影watchafilmgotothecinema去影院；看電影both用于二者，“都”all用于三者及以上，“都”都是be后實(shí)前/情后實(shí)前/助后實(shí)前Theybothlikeanimals.Myteachersareallnice.Lookout!小心！=Becareful!lookoutfor…小心…lookoutof…看…外面lookoutfrom…從…向外看lookafter…照顧…lookfor…尋找….wet→dryadj.干的wet+n.bewet【現(xiàn)在分詞v.ing變化規(guī)則】一般情況下，直接加ingworkingwalking以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ingdance→dancingtake→takingmake→makingwrite→writing重讀閉音節(jié)結(jié)尾，雙寫(xiě)末尾單輔加ingcuttingrunningputtingbeginning以ie結(jié)尾，變ie為y加inglie→lying die→dying tie→tyingUnit5teacher[c]+swriter[c]+sdoctor[c]+sseethedoctor看醫(yī)生nurse[c]+sdentist[c]+s牙醫(yī)seethedentist看牙醫(yī)worker[c]+sofficeworkercook[c]+s廚師cookmeals燒飯[作v.]cookern.炊具acookerdriver[c]+sdrivev.駕駛drivetosp開(kāi)車(chē)去…[三單]drives[現(xiàn)在分詞]drivingfarmer[c]+sfarmn.農(nóng)場(chǎng)[c]+sonthefarm在農(nóng)場(chǎng)上peoplepl.人們→personn.人n.民族[c]+sonepeople一個(gè)人×onepeople一個(gè)民族√policeman[c]policemenpolicewoman[c]policewomen2.teachv.教導(dǎo)，教學(xué)[三單]teaches[現(xiàn)在分詞]teachingteachsbsth教導(dǎo)某人某事ChenyteachesusEnglish.【動(dòng)賓】writev.寫(xiě)[三單]writes[現(xiàn)在分詞]writingwritesthon…在…上寫(xiě)字work[三單]works[現(xiàn)在分詞]workingworkfor…為…工作workat/in…在…工作→n.工作[u]【聯(lián)想】jobn.工作[c]+sv.+athome固定搭配，此處home作名詞使用home也作副詞使用，前面不帶介詞helpv./n.helpsbwithsth在…方面幫助某人helpsb(to)do幫助某人做…Wecanhelpourmotherswithhousework.Wecanhelpourmothers(to)dohousework.askforhelp尋求幫助sick+n.besickasickman病人→sickpeople病人He’ssick.他生病了?！韭?lián)想】illadj.生病的【不做定語(yǔ)】beill生病了Whatdotheydo?詢問(wèn)職業(yè)Whatdoyoudo?Whatdoesshe/hedo?用職業(yè)相關(guān)詞進(jìn)行回答:They’reworkers.Theyworkinthefactory.We’rewriters.Wewritebooks.She’sanurse.Shehelpssickpeople.He’sadoctor.Hehelpssickpeople.發(fā)音字母y——在輔音后作元音，發(fā)/a?/或/?/在元音前作輔音，發(fā)/j/Unit6efriend[c]+sanefriendemail[c]+sanemailwrite/sendanemailtosbe“電子的，網(wǎng)絡(luò)的”edogWaitaminute.waitforsb/sth等待…（for后跟代賓）minuten.分鐘[c]+ssecondn.秒[c]+shourn.小時(shí)[c]+sanhoursend[三單]sendssendsthtosb=sendsbsth送某人某物Mymumsendsmeabike.=Mymumsendsabiketome.to單方面“給出去”give…to…for“為了，準(zhǔn)備”buy…forwith雙方“和”talk…with…by“通過(guò)，在…邊上”sitby…live[三單]liveslivein/at/on+地點(diǎn)名詞在…生活livea+adj.+life過(guò)著…的生活Shelivesahappylife.她生活很幸福。HelivesonMoonStreet.他住在月亮街。studyv./n.[三單/復(fù)數(shù)]studiesstudysth學(xué)習(xí)…【鉆研】HestudiesEnglishinhisstudy.他在他的書(shū)房學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。UKintheUK(UnitedKingdom)USintheUS(UnitedStatesofAmerica)=intheUSAPRC(People’sRepublicofChina)數(shù)字+yearsold【＞1】oneyearold問(wèn)年齡Howold+be+主語(yǔ)?Australia→Australian[c]+sCanada→Canadian[c]+sChina→Chinesepl.介紹國(guó)籍時(shí)，若作形容詞使用，則無(wú)冠無(wú)復(fù)數(shù)They’reAustralian.We’reChinese.You’reCanadian.gofishinggo+v.ing去…tomorrow明天today今天yesterday昨天Don’tworry.worryv.使…擔(dān)憂worrysb使某人憂心worryaboutsb擔(dān)心某人sit[現(xiàn)在分詞]sittingUnit7atweekends=onweekends=attheweekend=ontheweekendoften60%經(jīng)常，常常always100%總是usually80%通常sometimes40%有時(shí)，時(shí)不時(shí)seldom20%很少[否定詞]never0%從不[否定詞]【頻率副詞不影響三單的表達(dá)】Shealwayseatstoomanysweets.visitsb拜訪某人visitsp參觀某地grandparent[c]+sparentn.父母[c]+sMygrandparentlikesdogs.Mygrandparentslikedogs.playwithsb和…玩耍playwithsth玩…Wecan’tplaywiththefire.我們不能玩火。verymuch非常修飾動(dòng)詞程度v.+verymuchTheylikewatchingfilmsverymuch.他們特別喜歡看電影。chatwithsb和…聊天Welikechattingwitheachother.我們喜歡互相聊天。【辨析】talk交談，談話talkwith/to…和…交談say說(shuō)【強(qiáng)調(diào)說(shuō)話內(nèi)容】saysthtosbspeak講【強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作】speak+語(yǔ)言tell講述【強(qiáng)調(diào)故事性】tell(sb)sthontheInternet在網(wǎng)上，通過(guò)網(wǎng)絡(luò)onthephone通話中，通過(guò)ontheradio 在廣播上，通過(guò)收音機(jī)gotothecinema去看電影=seeafilm=seefilms=watchafilm=watchfilmsthereadv.那里（遠(yuǎn)處）overthere在那邊gothere去那邊【there是副詞，前面無(wú)介詞】→hereadv.這里（近處）ehere來(lái)這兒【副前無(wú)介】alot很多【放于句末，修飾動(dòng)詞】v.+alot…得很多He’shungry.Andheeatsalot.他餓了，吃了很多(食物)。She’shardworking,andshereadsalot.她很勤奮，讀了很多(書(shū))?！颈嫖觥縜lotof=lotsof修飾[u]/[c]n.Shereadsalotofbooks.=Shereadslotsofbooks.Heeatsalotoffood.=Heeatslotsoffood.eout出來(lái)[說(shuō)話人和目的位置相同]【出版；結(jié)果是】→einto進(jìn)入getout出來(lái)[說(shuō)話人和目的位置相反]→getinto進(jìn)入U(xiǎn)nit8atChristmas在圣誕節(jié)onChristmasDay在圣誕節(jié)onChristmasEve在平安夜Christmastree圣誕樹(shù)FatherChristmas圣誕老人MerryChristmas!圣誕快樂(lè)！buysbsth=buysthforsbIbuymysisterabook.=Ibuyabookformysister.present[c]+s=gift[c]+sIgivehimapresent.=Igiveapresenttohim.next接著，然后then然后first首先f(wàn)inally最后=atlast按照先后順序：first,next,then,finallypretty+n.aprettygirlbeprettyThegirlispretty.pretty作adv.可放在adj./adv.前修飾程度Shesingsprettywell.她唱得很好。=Shesingsverywell.thing[c]+sIhavemanythingstosay.我有許多事要說(shuō)。可以和everysomeanyno等前綴構(gòu)成不定代詞，均視為單數(shù)：Somethingiswrong.出事兒了。Anythingelse?還要點(diǎn)什么嗎？lookat…看…[強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象]lookfor…尋找lookout!小心！lookoutfor…小心…lookoutfrom…從…向外看lookoutof…看…的外面lookafter…照顧=takecareof…stocking[c]+s長(zhǎng)筒襪sock[c]+s短襪waitforsb/sth等待…They’r