Unit7復(fù)習(xí)講義牛津譯林版八年級(jí)英語(yǔ)下冊(cè)

8BUnit7Internationalcharities一、icstripandWeletotheunit.1.internationalcharities國(guó)際慈善結(jié)構(gòu)★charity作“慈善機(jī)構(gòu)”時(shí)為可數(shù)名詞；作“慈善（事業(yè)）”時(shí)為不可數(shù)名詞。2.Moremoneyisneededforcharity.慈善事業(yè)需要更多的錢(qián)。3.havesomemoneyleft有些剩下的零花錢(qián)4.haveabiglunch吃一頓豐盛的午餐5.I’mtooweaktowalkanyfurther（=farther).我身體太虛弱了不能再走得更遠(yuǎn)了。6.Weonlyhavefivekilometersleft.我們僅剩下5公里了。中考鏈接：Let'shurry!Thereareonlytwominutes_____·A.LeaveB.toleaveC.leftD.leaving7.acharitycalledUNICEF一個(gè)被叫做聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)8.charitiesaroundtheworld全世界的慈善機(jī)構(gòu)=charitiesallovertheworld9.Ithelpsbuildabetterworldforeveryone,especiallychildrenallovertheworld.【especially副詞：特別，尤其。前面一個(gè)句子再加一個(gè)逗號(hào)】它為每個(gè)人幫助建立一個(gè)更加美好的世界，尤其是全世界的兒童。中考鏈接：ThebasketballmatchwasreallyfantasticwhenJeremyLinscoredinthelastsecond.A.probablyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.videbasiceducationforchildreninpoorareas為貧困地區(qū)的兒童提供基礎(chǔ)的教育【回顧】providesth.forsb.=providesb.withsth.提供某物給某人offersth.tosb.=offersb.sth.提供某物給某人短文填空：1.Inotherwords,wedonot_________childrenonlyforthepurposeof_________them.(educate)11.workfortheequalrightsofgirlsandwomen為女孩和婦女爭(zhēng)取平等權(quán)利12.preventthespreadofsomeseriousdiseases阻止一些嚴(yán)重疾病在年輕人中傳播【重點(diǎn)】①spread作名詞：傳播②spread作動(dòng)詞：傳播→過(guò)去式：spread→過(guò)去分詞：spread中考鏈接：Ourgovernmenthastakenactiontopreventthediseasefrom(spread).It’ssaidthatpeoplearethinkingofbuildingabridgeacrossthelake.Ihopetheywillthinkaboutitcarefully．TheenvironmentwillheifthereistoomuchtectedB.producedC.preventedD.pollutedCansuchathing____happeningagain?A.PreventB.preventedfromC.bepreventedfromD.topreventfromNothingcanthegirlfromthere.A.bestopped;goingB.prevent;goingC.stop;togoD.prevent;togo13.You’vedoneagoodjob.你們做得很好。doagoodjob=welldone干得好二、Reading1.haveaninterviewwithanORBISdoctor采訪一名奧比斯醫(yī)生【回顧】haveaninterviewwithsb.=interviewsb.采訪某人2.…mostlyinpoorareas，80percentofthesecasescanbepreventedorcured.百分之八十的這些病例能預(yù)防和治好。（1）mostly副詞，意為“主要地；大部分地；多半地”。Hewritestohisparentseveryweek,mostlyonSaturdays.他每周都給他父母寫(xiě)信，大多數(shù)在周六寫(xiě)。（2）cure及物動(dòng)詞，意為“治愈，矯正”。Curesbofsth.Thespecialmedicinecuredhimofhisheadache. 這種特別的藥治好了他的頭疼。中考鏈接：Doyouknowanythingabouttheplayersofourschoolfootballteam?Yes.Theyareyoungboysbetweentheageofthirteenandfifteen.A.mostB.mostlyC.almostD.atmostThismedicinewill______himofhiscough.A.recoverB.cureC.treatD.heal3.don’thavemoneyformedicaltreatment沒(méi)有錢(qián)來(lái)進(jìn)行醫(yī)學(xué)治療★=can’taffordmedicaltreatment中考鏈接：Aftertheaccident,thetruckdriverwas_______forcuts.A.treatedB.curedC.correctedD.relieved4.aFlyingEyeHospital一所飛行眼科醫(yī)院5.ontheplane在飛機(jī)上6.volunteerdoctorsdooperations志愿者醫(yī)生做手術(shù)★do/performanoperationonsb.=operateonsb.給某人做手術(shù)7.beusedasatrainingcenter被用做培訓(xùn)中心中考鏈接：There______alotofredcrownedcranesinthisarea.A.wasusedtoB.wasusedtobeC.usedtoD.usedtobeSmartphonescanbeusedtoforinformation.ButIamnotusedtoinformationonsuchasmallscreen.A.search;readingB.searching;readingC.search;readD.searching;read8.can’taffordtogotohospital付不起看病的錢(qián)★①affordtodosth.付不起做某事的費(fèi)用②affordsth.付不起某事的費(fèi)用中考鏈接：1.Ican't(付得起)tobuysuchanexpensivewatch.2.CouldNellyafford_________ahousewithabiggarden?A.tobuyB.buyingC.buyD.tobuying9.Localdoctorsandnursesareinvitedonboardtolearnabouteyeoperations.當(dāng)?shù)氐尼t(yī)生和護(hù)士被邀請(qǐng)到飛機(jī)上來(lái)了解有關(guān)眼科手術(shù)。①onboard=ontheplane在飛機(jī)上②learnabouteyeoperations了解有關(guān)眼科手術(shù)10.teachusnewskills教我們新技術(shù)11.Bytrainingthem,wehopetohelpmorepeople.通過(guò)培訓(xùn)他們，我們希望幫助更多的人。12.duringmylastvisit(tosp.)在我上一次（去某地）訪問(wèn)過(guò)程中13.★150patientswereoperatedon.給150名病人做手術(shù)。→operateon150patients給150名病人做手術(shù)中考鏈接：1.Theoldwomanhassomethingwrongwithhereyesandhastohavethem__________A.operatedonB.operatedC.operateD.operateon14.I’mproudtohelppeopleseeagainandimprovetheirlives.①★be(feel)proudtodosth.做某事很自豪/驕傲【proud（形容詞）→pride（名詞）】=be(feel)proudofdoingsth.★beproud+that從句★beproudofsb./sth.=takeprideinsb./sth.為某人/某事感到自豪/驕傲Eg:WeareproudofMoYan.=KatetakesprideinMoYan.我們?yōu)槟愿械津湴?。②helpblindpeopleseeagain幫助盲人重見(jiàn)光明③improvetheirlives提高他們的生活水平15.Modernmedicineisdevelopingquickly.現(xiàn)代醫(yī)學(xué)正發(fā)迅速發(fā)展。①develop動(dòng)詞→過(guò)去式/過(guò)去分詞：developed→現(xiàn)在分詞：developing②developed作形容詞：發(fā)達(dá)的；developing作形容詞：發(fā)展中的Eg:Germanyisadevelopedcountry,whileChinaisadevelopingcountry.③development(n.)發(fā)展eg:WeareproudofthequickdevelopmentofChina.中考鏈接：1.ITis(發(fā)展)soquicklythatnoonecantellwhatasmartphonewillbelikeintenyears.16.Mosteyeproblemsanddiseasescanbetreatedandcured.大多數(shù)眼睛毛病和疾病能夠被治療和治愈。17.Moremoneyisneededtocarryonwithourwork.更多的錢(qián)被需要來(lái)繼續(xù)我們的工作。★①carryonwithsth.=goonwithsth.=continuesth.繼續(xù)某事②carryondoingsth.=goondoingsth.=continuedoingsth.繼續(xù)做某事18.treatpeoplewitheyeproblems治療帶有眼疾的人19.【回顧】receivetreatment接受治療；beundertreatment在治療中三、Grammar:一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)?！菊Z(yǔ)法】A.主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)與被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的概念：英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的語(yǔ)態(tài)有兩種：⑴主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者⑵被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)：表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者(常常沒(méi)在有必要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者情況下使用)注：☆及物動(dòng)詞有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，不及物動(dòng)詞必須帶有介詞才可以有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。例：⑴Welistentotheteachercarefullyinclass.→Theteacherislistenedtobyuscarefullyinclass.⑵Welaughedathim.→Hewaslaughedatbyus.【語(yǔ)法】B.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的結(jié)構(gòu)與用法：㈠結(jié)構(gòu)：be+done(過(guò)去分詞)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的be為助動(dòng)詞，無(wú)意義。be可能是am,is,are也可能是was,were或原形be。注：☆被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)是由be的時(shí)態(tài)決定的，be是什么時(shí)態(tài)，全句就是什么時(shí)態(tài)，be后面的過(guò)去分詞不變。㈡用法：例：①Historyismadebythepeople.(一般現(xiàn)在時(shí))②ThecarsweremadeinTianjingin1995.(一般過(guò)去時(shí))③Thetreewillbecutdownnextyear.(一般將來(lái)時(shí))④Theroommustbekeptclean.（含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）時(shí)態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式例句一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)am/is/aredoneHeisaskedtodothis.一般過(guò)去時(shí)was/weredoneThestorywastoldbyhermother.一般將來(lái)時(shí)willbedoneTheproblemwillbediscussedtomorrow.現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)has/havebeendoneThehousehasbeenbuilt.【語(yǔ)法】C.被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的各種句型：1.Thesongislikedbyyoungpeople.(肯定句)2.Thesongisn’tlikedbyyoungpeople（否定句）3.Isthesonglikedbyyoungpeople?（一般疑問(wèn)句）4.Whoisthesonglikedby?=Bywhomisthesongliked?（特殊疑問(wèn)句）【歸納】：主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)改被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的方法：方法分為三步：⑴把原句中的賓語(yǔ)改成主語(yǔ)⑵動(dòng)詞改為變動(dòng)形式bedone(同時(shí)注意時(shí)態(tài))⑶原來(lái)的主語(yǔ)如果需要的話(huà)放在介詞by后面，以指明做事的人或物，如果沒(méi)有必要?jiǎng)t省去例：Themankilledatiger.→Atigerwaskilledbytheman.(改的過(guò)程中要注意時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)兩個(gè)方面)練習(xí)：1、Wemusttakegoodcareofoureyes.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Oureyesmust___________goodcareof.2、Mr.Smithshowedthestudentstwopicturesyesterday.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）Twopictures________________thestudentsbyMr.Smith.3、Tea______（grow）insoutheastofChinaandIndia.4、Theycouldn’tmakethecowgo.（改為被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)）【語(yǔ)法】D.重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)句型1.Leafletsarehandedouttopeopleinthestreeteveryyear.每年傳單由志愿者們?cè)诮稚仙l(fā)。①handoutleaflets散發(fā)傳單【handout=giveout分發(fā)；散發(fā)】②handout動(dòng)副詞組→handit/themout2.ToysandCDsaresoldtoraisemoney.①raisesth.forsb.為某人募捐某物eg:raisemoneyforProjectHope為希望工程籌集資金②★比較：Thekindofwatchesissoldinthisshop.Thekindofwatchessellswellinthisshop.【sellwell搭配使用：暢銷(xiāo)（無(wú)被動(dòng)）】3.theStudents’Union學(xué)生會(huì)4.OxfamwassetupintheUKin1942.Oxfam是1942年在英國(guó)成立的?！飐etup成立，創(chuàng)立→besetup被成立；被創(chuàng)立5.AlotofthingsaresoldinOxfamshops,includingbooks.【including介詞，放句子后，逗號(hào)后】6.millionsofpoorchildren好幾百萬(wàn)的貧窮孩子四、Integratedskills1.UNICEFispartoftheUnitedNations.聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)是聯(lián)合國(guó)不可分割的一部分。【回顧】partof不可分割的部分；apartof可以分割的部分2.Manychildren’sliveswerechangedbecauseofthewar.許多孩子的生活由于戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng)而被改變。3.preventthemfromgettingillness阻止他們得病【回顧】prevent/stopsb.(from)doingsth.=keepsb.fromdoingsth阻止某人做某事4.raisemoneybysellingChristmascardsandorganizingotheractivities通過(guò)賣(mài)圣誕卡片和組織別的活動(dòng)籌集資金5.What’sthematterwithyou?=What’swrongwithyou?你怎么了?6.havegotatoothache患牙痛7.nothingserious不嚴(yán)重8.takethismedicineaftermealsthreetimesaday飯后服這付藥一日三次9.You’llbeallright/OK/wellinafewdays.幾天后你就會(huì)好起來(lái)的。【用howsoon對(duì)劃線(xiàn)提問(wèn)：HowsoonwillIbeallright?】五、Studyskills（一）Usingpunctuationmarks標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)的使用。標(biāo)點(diǎn)用法逗號(hào)為了隔開(kāi)一系列單詞；分開(kāi)短語(yǔ)和從句。句號(hào)用在問(wèn)句和感嘆句以外的句子的末尾。問(wèn)號(hào)用在直接問(wèn)句的末尾。感嘆號(hào)用于表達(dá)驚訝、快樂(lè)、憤怒、震驚或其它強(qiáng)烈情感的句子末尾。引號(hào)用于直接引語(yǔ)中引用別人語(yǔ)。（二）重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)句型。1.Willitbeasuccess?它會(huì)取得成功嗎？Eg:Whatabigsuccessthecharityshowwas!那次慈善表演取得了多么大的成功呀！2.Notimetobenervousanymore.沒(méi)有時(shí)間再緊張了。六、Task1.asecretaryofabigpany一家大公司的秘書(shū)2.drivetowork開(kāi)車(chē)去上班3.traveltomanyplaces到許多地方旅行4.beafraidofflying害怕坐飛機(jī)出行5.makeupone’smindtotrainasanurse下定決心接受培訓(xùn)成為一個(gè)護(hù)士★①makeupone’smindtodosth.=decidetodosth.下定決心做某事=makeadecisiontodosth.②trainasanurse（接受）培訓(xùn)成為一個(gè)護(hù)士6.attendcoursesafterwork下班后參加課程(學(xué)習(xí))7.get/beusedtotravellingbyplane習(xí)慣做飛機(jī)旅行【be/getusedtodoingsth.】8.haveasmuchmoneyasbefore有和以前一樣多的錢(qián)9.begladtobeabletohelppeopleseeagain很高興能幫助人們重見(jiàn)光明10.usedtoworkonthefarmallday過(guò)去常常整天在農(nóng)場(chǎng)勞動(dòng)【usedtodosth.】11.aUNICEFofficer一個(gè)聯(lián)合國(guó)兒童基金會(huì)的官員12.learnabouttheconditionsofthelocalpeople單項(xiàng)選擇1.Thecharityprovideshomelesspeople___foodandclothes.A.withB.forC.asD.of2.Theywalkedhomelastnightbecausetheycouldn't____totakeataxi.A.leaveB.buyC.affordD.allow3.——Mom，lwasthefirsttoreachthetopofthemountain.—Goodjob，Jack!I'm___ofyou.A.carefulB.proudC.tiredD.afraid4.—allthewindows？—Yes，Ididitjustnow.A.Do;closeB.Did;closeC.Were;closedD.Are;closing5.—WhatshouldwedoforthedisabledchildrenintheChildren'sHome?—You'resupposedtoastudygrouptohelpthem.A.takeupB.fixupC.setupD.stayup6.Thebasketballmatchwasreallyfantastic，__whenShuHowLinscoredinthelastsecond.A.probablyB.especiallyC.exactlyD.mostly7.—MrKing__bythereporteryesterday.—He'sgreat!Hehelpedsomanydisabledpeople.A.wasinterviewedB.isinterviewedC.isinterviewingD.wasinterviewing8.Kidshavetotakemanyafterschoolclasses.Theyhardtostudyforgoodgrades.A.pushB.arepushedC.arepushingD.havepushed9.—Whydon'tyoubuythebike，Mary?—It'stooexpensive.Ican't___it.A.sellB.lendC.keepD.afford10.——Isyourfatherateacher?—Well，he__.A.usedtoB.wasusedtoC.usedtobeD.isusedtobe11.Jimhurthisleg，sohecan'tcarryon__hismatch.A.ofB.withC.atD.off12.——Whatlanguagesinthatcountry?—GermanandEnglish.A.arespeakingB.arespokenC.speakD.isspoken13.—__doyouvolunteerinOldPeople'sHome?—Onceaweek.Wehopetohelptheoldmore.A.HowsoonB.HowmanyC.HowoftenD.Howlong14.Isthere__you'dliketosaytoyourteacher?A.somethingelseB.elsesomethingC.anythingelseD.elseanything15.—，Peter?—lhaveabadcold.A.WhatcolordoyoulikeB.What'sthematterwithyouC.WhereareyouD.What'stheweatherlike16.Hurryup!Onetheconcertstarts,nobody_________toentertheconcerthall.A.allowsB.allowedC.isallowedD.isallowing17.Thelittleboy__________bythebigdogthismorning.A.wasmadetocryB.wasmadecryC.madetocryD.madecry18.NineteenYanchengdishes__________intothebookHuaiyangCuisine.A.choseB.chooseC.arechosenD.havechos