外文翻譯-現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)與制造及外文翻譯-用VB構(gòu)建INTERNET的應(yīng)用

ModernDesignandManufacturing1.TheComputerandManufacturingThecomputerisbringingmanufacturingintotheInformationAge.Thisnewtool,longafamiliaroneinbusinessandmanagementoperations,ismovingintothefactory,anditsadventischangingmanufacturingascertainlyasthesteamenginechangedit100yearsago.Thebasicmetalworkingprocessesarenotlikelytochangefundamentally,buttheirorganizationandcontroldefinitelywillInonerespect,manufacturingcouldbesaidtobecomingfullcircle.Thefistmanufacturingwasacottageindustry:thedesignerwasalsothemanufacturer,conceivingandfabricatingproductsoneatatime.Eventually,theconceptoftheinterchangeabilityofpartswasdeveloped,productionwasseparatedintospecializedfunctions,andidenticalpartswereproducedthousandsatatime.Today,althoughthedesignerandmanufacturermaynotbecomeoneagain,thefunctionsarebeingdrawncloseinthemovementtowardanintegratedmanufacturingsystem.Itisperhapsironicthat,atatimewhenthemarketdemandsahighdegreeofproductdiversification,thenecessityforincreasingproductivityandreducingcoatsisdrivingmanufacturingtowardinegrationintoacoherentsystem,acontinuousprocessinwhichpartsdonotspentasmuchas95%ofproductiontimebeingmovedaroundorwaitingtobeworkedon.Thecomputeristhekeytoeachofthesetwinrequirements.Itistheonlytoolthatcanprovidethequickreflexes,theflexibilityandseed,tomeetadiversifiedmarket.Anditistheonlytoolthatenablesthedetailedanalysisandtheaccessibilityofaccuratedatanecessaryfortheintegrationofthemanufacturingsystem.Itmaywellbethat,inthefuture,thecomputermaybeessentialtoacompany’ssurvial.Manyoftoday’sbusinesseswillfadeawaytobereplacedbymore-productivecombinations.Suchmore-productivecombinationsaresuperquality,superproductivityplants.Thegoalistodesignandoperateaplantthatwouldproduce100%satisfactorypartswichgoodproductivity.Asophisticated,competitiveworldisrequiringthatmanufacturingbegintosettleformore,tobecomeitselfsophisticated.Tomeetcompetition,forexample,acompanywillhavetomeetthesomewhatconflictingdemandsforgreaterproductdiversification,higherquality,improvedproductivity,higherquality,improvedproductivityandprices.Thecompanythatseekstomeetthesedemandswillneedasophisticatedtool,onethatwillallowittorespondquicklytocustomerneedswhilegettingthemostoutofitsmanufacturingresources.Thecomputeristhattool.Becominga“superquality,superproductivity”plantrequirestheintegrationofanextremelycomplexsystem.Thiscanbeaccomplishedonlywhenallextremelycomplexsystem.Thiscanbeaccomplishedonlywhenallelementsofmanufacturing-design,fabricationandassembly,qualityassurance,management,materialshanding-arecomputerintegrated.Inproductdesign,forexample,interactivecomputer-aided-design(CAD)systemsallowthedrawingandanalysistaskstobeperformedinafractionofthetimeallowthedrawingandanalysistaskstobeperformedinafrationofthetimepreviouslyrequiredandgreateraccuracy.Andprogramsforprototypetestingtestingandevaluationfurtherspeedthedesignprocess.Inmanufacturingplanning,computer-aidedprocessplanningpermitstheselection,fromthousandsofpossiblesequencesandschedules,oftheoptimumprocess.Ontheshopfloor,distributedintlligenceintheformofmicroprocessorscontrols,runsautomatedloadingandunloadingequipment,andcollectsdataoncurrentshopconditions.Butsuchisolatedrevolutionsarenotenough.Whatisnendedisatotallyautomatedsystem,linkedbycommonsoftwarefromfrontdoortoback.Thebenefitsrangethoughoutthesystem.Essentially,computerintegrationprovideswidelyandinstantaneouslyavailable,accurateinformation,improvingcommunicationbetweendepartments,permittingtightercontrol,andgenerallyenhancingtheoverallqualityandefficiencyoftheentiresystem.Improvedcommunicationcanmean,forexample,designsthataremoreproducible.TheNCprogrammerandthetooldesignerhaveachangtoinfluencetheproductdesigner,andviceversa.Engineeringchanges,canbereduced,andthosethatarerequiredcanbehandledmoreefficiently.Notonlydosethecomputerpermitthemtobespecicifiedmorequickly,butitalsoalerssubsequentusersofthedatatothefactthatachangehasbeenmade.Theinstantaneousupdatingofproduction-controldatapermitsbetterplanningandmore-effectivescheduling.Expensiveequipment,therefore,isusedmoreproductively,andpartsmovemoreefficientlythroughproduction,reducingwork-in-processcoats.Productquality,too,canbeimproved.Notonlyaremore-accuratedesignsproduced,forexample,buttheuseofdesigndatabythequality-assurancedepartmenthelpseliminateerrorsduetomisunderstandings.Peopleareenabledtodotheirjobsbetter.Byeliminatingtediouscalculationsandpaperwork—nottomentiontimewastedsearchingforinformation—thecomputernotonlyallowsworkerstobemoreproductivebutalsofreesthemtodowhatonlyhumanbeingcando:thinkcreatively.Computerintegrationmayalsolurenewpeopleintomanufacturing.Peopleareattractedbecausetheywanttoworkinamodern,technologicallysophisticatedenviroment.Inmanufacturingengineering,CAD/CAMdecreasestool-design,NC-programming,andplanningtimeswhilespeedingtheresponserate,whichwilleventuallypermitin-housstafftoperformworkthatiscurrentlybeingcontractedout.2.CAD/CAMCAD/CAMisatermwhichmeanscomputer-aidedandcomputer-aidedmanufacturing.itisthetechnologyconcernedwiththeuseofdigitalcomputerstoperformcertainfunctionsindesignandproduction.Thistechnologyismovinginthedirectionofgreaterintegrationofdesignandmanufacturing,twoactivitieswhichhavetraditionallybeentreatedasdistinctandseparatefunctionsinaproductionfirm.Ultimately,CAD/CAMwillprovidethetechnologybaseforthecomputer-integratedfactoryofthefuture.Computer-aideddesign(CAD)canbedefinedastheuseofcomputerstytemstoassistinthecreation,modification,analysis,oroptimizationofadesign.Thecomputersystemsconsistofthehardwareandsoftwaretoperformthespecializeddesignfunctionsrequiredbytheparticularuserfirm.TheCADhardwaretypicallyincludedthecomputer,oneormoregraphicsdisplayterminals,keyboards,andotherperipheralequipment.TheCADsoftwareconsistsofthecomputerprogramstoimplementcomputergraphicstofacilitatetheengineeringfunctionsoftheusercompany.Examplesoftheseapplicationprogramsincludestress-strainanalysisofcomponents,dynamicresponseofmechanisms,heat-transfercalculations,andnumericalcontrolpartprogrammingThecollectionofapplicationprogramswillvaryfromoneuserfirmtothenextbecausetheirproductlines,manufacturingprocesses,andcustomermarketsaredifferentThesefactorsgiverisetodifferencesinCADsystemrequirements.Computer-aidedmanufacturing(CAM)canbedefinedastheuseofcomputersystemstoplan,manufacturingplantthrougheitherdirectorindirectcomputerinterfacewiththeplan’sproductionresources.Asindicatedbythedefinition,theapplicationsofcomputer-aidedmanufacturingfallintotwobroadcategories:1.Computermonitoringandcontrol.2.Manufacturingsupportapplications.Thedistinctionbetweenthetwocategoriesisfundamentaltoanunderstand-ingofcomputer-aidedmanufacturing.Inadditiontotheapplicationsinvolvingadirectcomputer-processinterfaceforthepurposeofprocessmonitoringandcontrol,computer-aidedmanufacturingalsoincludesindirectapplicationsinwhichthecomputerservesasupportroleinthemanufacturingoperationsoftheplant.Intheseapplications,thecomputerisnotlinkeddirectlytothemanufacturingprocess.Instead,thecomputerisused“off-line”toprovideplans,schedules,forecasts,instructions,andinformationbywhichthefirm’sproductionresourcescanbemanagedmoreeffectively.Theformoftherelationshipbetweenthecomputerandtheprocessisrepresentedsymbolicallyinthefiguregivenbelow.Dashedlinesareusedtoindicatethatthecommunicationandcontrollinkisanoff-lineconnection,withhumanbeingsoftenrequiredtoconsummatetheinerface.However,humanbeingsarepresentlyrequiredintheapplicationeithertoprovideinputtothecomputerprogramsortointerpretthecomputeroutputandimplementtherequiredaction.3.VoiceNCProgrammingVoiceprogrammingofNCmachines(abbreviatedVNC)involvesvocalcommunicationofthemachiningproceduretoavoice-inputNCtape-preparationofthemachingproceduretoavoice-inputNCtape-prepartionsystem.VNCallowstheprogrammertoavoidstepssuchasOneoftheprincipalcompaniesspecializinginvoice-inputsystemsisThresholdTechnology,Inc,ofDelran,Newjersey.“turn”,ToperformthepartprogrammingprocesswithVNC,theoperatorspeaksintoaheadbandmicrophonedesignedtoreducebackgroundacousticalnoise.Communicationoftheprogramminginstructionsisinshoplanguagewithsuchtermsas“turn”,“thead”,and“millline”,togetherwithnumberstoprovidedimensionalandcoordinatedata.Beforethevoice-inputsystemcanbeused,Itmustbe“trained”torecognizeandaccepttheindividualprogrammer’svoicepattern.Thisisaccomplishedbyrepeatingeachwordofthevocabularyaboutfivetimestoprovideareferencesetwhichcansubsequentlybecomparedtovoicecommandsgivenduringactualprogramming.Theentirevocabularyforthethresholdsystemcontainsabout100words.MostNCprogrammingjobscanbecompletedbyusingabout30ofthesevocabularywords.Intalkingtothesystem,theprogrammermustisolateeachwordbypausingbeforeandaftertheword.bypausingbeforeandaftertheword.Thepausemustbeonlyone-tenthofasecondorlonger.Thisallowsthespeechrecognitionsystemtoindentifyboundariesfortheboundariesfortheutteredcommandsothatitswavecharacteristicscanbecomparedwithwordsinthereferencesetforthatprogrammer.typicalwordinputratesunderthisrestrictionareclaimedtobeabout70perminute.Asthewordsarespoken,aCRTterminalinfrontofthenextcommand.Whenalloftheprogramminginstructionshavebeenenteredandverified,thesystempreparesthepunchedtapeforthejob.TheAdvantagesofVNClieprincipallyinthethesavingsinprogrammingtimeandresultingimprovementsinmanufacturingleadtime.Savingsinprogrammingtimeupto50%areclaimed.Improventsinaccuracyandlowercomputer-skillrequirementsfortheprogrammerarealsogivenasbenefitsofVNC.譯文：現(xiàn)代設(shè)計(jì)與制造一、計(jì)算機(jī)與制造業(yè)：計(jì)算機(jī)正在將制造業(yè)帶入信息時代。計(jì)算機(jī)長期以來在商業(yè)和管理方面得到了廣泛的應(yīng)用，它正在作為一種新的工具進(jìn)入到工廠中，而且它如同蒸汽機(jī)在100年前使制造業(yè)發(fā)生改變那樣，正在使制造業(yè)發(fā)生著變革。盡管基本的金屬切削過程不太可能發(fā)生根本的改變，但是他們的組織形式和控制方式將發(fā)生改變。從某一方面可以說，制造業(yè)正在完成一個循環(huán)。最初的制造業(yè)是家庭手工業(yè)：設(shè)計(jì)者本身也是制造者，產(chǎn)品的構(gòu)思與加工由同一人完成。后來，形成了零件的互換性這個概念，生產(chǎn)被依照專業(yè)功能分割開來，可以成批的生產(chǎn)數(shù)以千計(jì)的相同的零件。今天，盡管設(shè)計(jì)者與制造者不可能再是同一個人，但在向集成制造系統(tǒng)前進(jìn)的途中，這兩種功能已經(jīng)越來越靠近了?？赡芫哂兄S刺意味的是，在市場需求高度多樣化的產(chǎn)品的時候，提高生產(chǎn)率和降低成本的必要性促使著制造業(yè)朝著集成為單調(diào)關(guān)聯(lián)系統(tǒng)方向變化。這是一個連續(xù)的過程，在其中零件不需要花費(fèi)多達(dá)95%的生產(chǎn)時間用在運(yùn)輸和等待加工上。計(jì)算機(jī)是滿足這兩項(xiàng)要求中任何一項(xiàng)的關(guān)鍵。它是能夠提供快速反應(yīng)能力、柔性和滿足多樣化市場的唯一工具。而且，它是實(shí)現(xiàn)制造系統(tǒng)集成所需要的、能夠進(jìn)行詳細(xì)分析和利用精確數(shù)據(jù)的唯一工具。在將來計(jì)算機(jī)可能會是一個企業(yè)生存的基本條件，許多現(xiàn)今的企業(yè)將會被生產(chǎn)能力更高的企業(yè)組合所取代。這些生產(chǎn)能力更高的企業(yè)組合是一些具有非常高的質(zhì)量、非常高的生產(chǎn)率的工廠。目標(biāo)是設(shè)計(jì)和運(yùn)行一個能夠以高生產(chǎn)率的生產(chǎn)方式100%合格產(chǎn)品的工廠。一個采用先進(jìn)的、競爭的世界正在促使制造業(yè)開始做更高的工作，使其本身采用先進(jìn)的技術(shù)。為了適應(yīng)競爭，一個公司會滿足一些在某種程度上相互矛盾的要求，諸如產(chǎn)品多樣化、提高質(zhì)量、增加生產(chǎn)率、降低價(jià)格。在努力這些要求的過程中，公司需要一個采用先進(jìn)技術(shù)的工具，一個能夠?qū)︻櫩偷男枨笞鞒隹焖俜磻?yīng)，而且從制造資源中獲得最大收益的工具，計(jì)算機(jī)就是這個工具。成為一個具有“非常高的質(zhì)量、非常高的生產(chǎn)率”的工廠，需要對一個非常復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)進(jìn)行集成。這只有通過采用計(jì)算機(jī)對機(jī)械制造的所有組成部分—設(shè)計(jì)、加工、裝配、質(zhì)量保證、管理和材料裝卸及輸送進(jìn)行集成才能完成。例如，在產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)期間，交互式的計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)系統(tǒng)使得完成繪圖和分析工作所需要的時間比原來減少了幾倍，而且精確程度得到了很大的提高。此外，樣機(jī)的實(shí)驗(yàn)與評價(jià)程序進(jìn)一步加快了設(shè)計(jì)過程。在制訂制造計(jì)劃時，計(jì)算機(jī)輔助編制工藝規(guī)程可以從數(shù)以千計(jì)的工序和加工過程中選擇最好的加工方案。在車間里，分布式智能以微處理器這種形式來控制機(jī)床、操縱自動裝卸料設(shè)備和收集關(guān)于當(dāng)前車間狀態(tài)的信息。但是這些各自獨(dú)立的改革還遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)不夠。我們所需要的是有一個共同的軟件從始端到終端進(jìn)行控制的全部自動化的系統(tǒng)。整個系統(tǒng)都會從中受益。基本上，計(jì)算機(jī)集成可以提供廣泛的、及時的和精確的信息，可以改進(jìn)各部門之間的交流與溝通，實(shí)施更嚴(yán)格的控制，而且通常能增強(qiáng)整個系統(tǒng)的全面質(zhì)量和效率。例如，改進(jìn)交流和溝通意味著會使設(shè)計(jì)具有更好的可制造性。數(shù)控編程人員和工藝裝備設(shè)計(jì)人員有機(jī)會向產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)人員提出意見，反之亦然。因而可以減少技術(shù)反面的變更，而對于那些必要的變更，可以更有效地進(jìn)行處理。計(jì)算機(jī)不僅能夠更快地對變更之處做出詳細(xì)說明，而且還能把變更之后的數(shù)據(jù)告訴隨后的使用者。利用及時更新的生產(chǎn)控制數(shù)據(jù)可以制訂更好的工藝規(guī)程和更有效率的生產(chǎn)進(jìn)度。因而，可以使昂貴的設(shè)備更好的利用，提高零件在生產(chǎn)過程中運(yùn)送效率，減少在制品的成本。產(chǎn)品質(zhì)量也可以得到改進(jìn)。例如，不僅可以提高設(shè)計(jì)精度，還可以使質(zhì)量保證部門利用設(shè)計(jì)數(shù)據(jù)，避免由于誤解而產(chǎn)生錯誤?？梢允谷藗兏玫耐瓿伤麄兊墓ぷ?。通過避免冗長的計(jì)算和書寫工作—這還不算查找資料所浪費(fèi)的時間—計(jì)算機(jī)不僅使人們更有效的工作，而且還能把他們解放出來去做只有人類才能做工作：創(chuàng)造性思考。計(jì)算機(jī)集成制造還會吸引新的人才進(jìn)入制造業(yè)。人才被吸引過來的原因是他們希望到一個現(xiàn)代化的、技術(shù)先進(jìn)的環(huán)境中工作。在制造過程中，CAD/CAM減少了工藝裝備設(shè)計(jì)、數(shù)控編程和編制工藝規(guī)程所需要的時間。而且，在同時加快了響應(yīng)速度，這最終將會使目前外委加工的工作由公司內(nèi)部人員完成。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)與制造CAD/CAM是表示計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)和計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造的專業(yè)術(shù)語。它是一種使用計(jì)算機(jī)完成某些設(shè)計(jì)和生產(chǎn)功能的技術(shù)。在生產(chǎn)企業(yè)里，人們通常把設(shè)計(jì)和制造視為兩項(xiàng)有著明顯不同職能的分工，而這項(xiàng)技術(shù)正朝著設(shè)計(jì)與制造的更大程度一體化方向發(fā)展。最終，CAD/CAM將會為未來的計(jì)算機(jī)集成工廠提供技術(shù)基礎(chǔ)。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助設(shè)計(jì)（CAD）可定義為運(yùn)用計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)對設(shè)計(jì)的創(chuàng)意、修改、分析或優(yōu)化予以輔助。這些有硬件和軟件構(gòu)成的計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)，用于完成用戶公司要求的特定設(shè)計(jì)功能。CAD硬件通常包括：一臺計(jì)算機(jī)，一個或多個圖形顯示終端，鍵盤和其他外圍設(shè)備。CAD軟件包括各種計(jì)算機(jī)制圖程序，這些程序便于用戶公司完成設(shè)計(jì)職能，如：零部件的應(yīng)變分析，機(jī)構(gòu)的動態(tài)響應(yīng)，熱傳輸計(jì)算和數(shù)控零件編程。由于用戶的生產(chǎn)流程、制造工藝和銷售市場方面的差異，應(yīng)用程序的配制也將因用戶而異。這些因素均導(dǎo)致對CAD系統(tǒng)要求的差異性。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造（CAM）可定義為通過直接或間接于廠家生產(chǎn)資源相適應(yīng)的計(jì)算機(jī)界面，使用計(jì)算機(jī)系統(tǒng)來規(guī)劃、管理和控制制造工廠的運(yùn)行。正如定義所表明的那樣，CAM應(yīng)用程序可分為兩大類：1、計(jì)算機(jī)監(jiān)控程序；2、制造程序。二者間的區(qū)別是理解計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造的基礎(chǔ)。計(jì)算機(jī)輔助制造的應(yīng)用程序，除了為監(jiān)控制造過程而直接使用計(jì)算機(jī)處理界面的應(yīng)用程序之外，還包括在工廠生產(chǎn)運(yùn)行過程中由計(jì)算機(jī)提供支持的間接應(yīng)用程序。在這些應(yīng)用程序中，計(jì)算機(jī)并不直接與制造過程相連接。想反，在脫機(jī)狀態(tài)下，計(jì)算機(jī)可用來提供計(jì)劃書、進(jìn)度表、預(yù)報(bào)、指令和使廠家生產(chǎn)管理更加有效的信息資料。計(jì)算機(jī)和制造過程間的如下圖所示。表中虛線用來說明交流和控制處于脫機(jī)狀態(tài)下，需要人來完善界面。目前，CAM的應(yīng)用需要有人來為計(jì)算機(jī)輸入程序，解釋計(jì)算機(jī)的輸入，并采取所要求的措施。語音數(shù)控編程語音編程N(yùn)C機(jī)床涉及機(jī)械加工過程和語音輸入數(shù)控磁帶準(zhǔn)備系統(tǒng)間的語言交流。VNC可使編程員免除手工編程、鍵盤輸入或打字以及人工檢驗(yàn)等步驟。美國新澤西州德爾蘭市的斯萊肖德股份有限公司便是一家專門研發(fā)語音輸入系統(tǒng)的大公司。使用VNC完成零件編程，操作者頭帶耳機(jī)話筒錄音，可減弱背靜雜音。編程指令的交流使用像“turn”,“thread”和“millling”等加工車間使用的專門術(shù)語，同時提供車間和坐標(biāo)數(shù)據(jù)。在使用語音輸入系統(tǒng)前，該系統(tǒng)必須接受“訓(xùn)練”來識別和接受編程員的聲音模式。“訓(xùn)練”時編程員把每個行話詞重復(fù)大約五遍，作為參照數(shù)據(jù)組，隨后實(shí)際編程時系統(tǒng)將給出語音指令與參照數(shù)據(jù)組進(jìn)行比較。系統(tǒng)的全部行話詞匯包括大約100個單詞。大部分的數(shù)控編程工作使用其中的30個左右的行話詞匯便可以完成。和系統(tǒng)交談時，編程員必須在說出的詞前和詞后停頓來隔離每個詞。停頓時間不能少于1/10秒。停頓使語音識別系統(tǒng)能確認(rèn)發(fā)出的語音指令的界線以便語音指令聲波特征能與該編程員參照組中的單詞進(jìn)行比較。據(jù)稱在這種限制下，常規(guī)的單詞輸入速度大約每分中70個詞。隨著單詞的輸入，操作者面前的CRT(陰極射線管—顯示器)終端驗(yàn)證每一個指令并提示操作者發(fā)出下一個指令。當(dāng)輸入和驗(yàn)證所有編程指令后，系統(tǒng)就會準(zhǔn)備好穿孔紙帶以備工作。VNC的優(yōu)點(diǎn)主要在于節(jié)省編程時間并由此縮短產(chǎn)品設(shè)計(jì)至實(shí)際投產(chǎn)時間。準(zhǔn)確度的提高和對編程者計(jì)算機(jī)技能要求較低也被視為VNC的優(yōu)點(diǎn)。INTERNETusedtobuildVBapplications【Abstract】DevelopmentofInternettechnologyastheprogrammertoprovideabroaderspacefortheirskill.Earlier"InternetApplications"isthewordrefertothosewithFTPprotocoltodownloadfilesorbrowsetheHTMLpagetool,nowuseVisualBasic,notonlythedevelopmentofapplicationsfortheInternet,butalsotheintegrationofInternettechnologyaspartoflarge-scalesolutionsin.【KeyWords】Internet;VisualBasic;ActiveXcomponents;technology;procedures.ThedevelopmentofInternettechnologyastheprogrammertoprovideabroaderspacefortheirskill.Earlier"InternetApplications"isthewordrefertothosewithFTPprotocoltodownloadfilesorbrowsetheHTMLpagetool,nowuseVisualBasic,notonlythedevelopmentofapplicationsfortheInternet,butalsotheintegrationofInternettechnologyaspartoflarge-scalesolution.HerethequestionstobediscussedistheuseofVisualBasictocreateapplicationsfortheInternetplayanimportantroleintheActiveXcomponent.Forexample,thecreationofActiveXcontrolscanbeusedforHTMLpages;thedevelopmentofActiveXdocumentscanbeusedinInternetbrowsersandothercomponentsintegratedtogetherandHTMLpages;otherActiveXcodecomponents(formerlyknownasOLEserver),canbedeployedtheclientorservercomputer,forbackgroundprocessing.A,InternetDevelopmentEnvironmentInternetistheuseofTCP/IPprotocol,aglobalnon-centralizedmanagementofcomputernetworks.Ifforthelocal,theso-called"InternetTechnology"andlocalLANcanbeusedinthesametechnology.

Ontheonehand,Internettechnologydeveloperstoprovideaspacefortheirskill.IftheWebconnectionandtheuseofActiveXcomponents,althoughthespecificmethodstoachievedifferent,suchastheuseofHTMLandVBScriptcodeinordertoachievesecurity,butstillcallthemethod,setproperties,handleeventsandsoon.This,VBdevelopersofallknowledgeandskillshavebeenusedinInternetenvironment.Ontheotherhand,anextensionoftheapplicationofInternettechnologydevelopment.SuchasActiveXcomponentsandInternettechnologieshavethefollowingbenefits:easiertomaintain-asaWebpartofthenecessarycomponentscanbedownloadedwithouttheuserrunasetupprogramtoupgrade;willfeatureextendedtotheInternet-throughtheGeneralAgreement,theuserwillnotseeinbetweentheInternetandIntranetswitch.Second,Internetclient/serverCanuseclient/servertotesttherelationshipbetweentheInternetdevelopmentenvironment,clientandservercanhave"static"and"the"twostates.Theactivitiesoftheclientortheservermaychangeitsinternalstateanddynamically,orrunascripttochangetheirbehavior;staticclientortheserverisonlyincentivetorespondtotheoutsideworld.

Internetdevelopment,includingfourcases:astaticandpassiveclientserver;staticclientserverandactivities;theactivitiesoftheclientandtheserverstatic;activitiesandactivitiesoftheclientserver.Third,theuseofActiveXcomponentsWeb.ActiveXcomponentsforInternettechnologybringsnewfeatures.DownloadedthroughtheInternetcomponents,super-connected,themenufeaturesavarietyofconsultations,theActiveXcomponentsandInternetintegration,andcontentandapplicationshasbecomeincreasinglyblurredlinebetween;anothersitedueto(intheclientandserverbetween)thedistributionfunction,youcancreateamorescalableandflexiblesite.

InternetapplicationsintheuseofActiveXdocuments,canbedevelopedandtheInternet/IntranetsiteoftheotherelementsofthetightintegrationofVisualBasicapplications.Developedtheuseofthesecomponentsoftheapplication,userscantransparentlyintheHTMLpagesandActiveXdocumentsmigrationbetween.

ActiveXdocumentscanbeasaVisualBasicapplicationfortheInternettoprovidealmoststandardnowtocompletetheworkoftheapplicationcanachieveusingActiveXdocuments.AsanHTMLpageelements,iftheuser'sclientdoesnotinstallActiveXdocuments,andcanbedownloadedfromtheInternetautomatically;iftheclientontheolderversioncanalsobeautomaticallyupgraded.??ActiveXdocumentprovidesmanyfeaturestoinstallandnavigationperformance,andtoensurecontinuedconsistency:

Internetcomponentdownload-cancreatealinktotheActiveXdocument,sothatthebrowsercanautomaticallyfindanddownloadalltherequiredcomponents.

Ultra-connectedobjects-inasuper-connectedpacket-awarecontainer,youcanuseVisualBasictoconnectthesuper-objectpropertiesandmethods,JumptoagivenURLorthroughthenavigationhistorylist.

Menuandconsultation-asaresultcangetWordorExceldocument,VisualBasicprovidestheActiveXDocumentembeddingitsmenuinyourbrowsermenufunctions.Forexample,whenbeingloadedintothedocumentinInternetExplorer,thebrowser'smenuwillbecreatedwiththeActiveXdocumentmixedmenu.

PropertyBag-WheninInternetExplorerinthedeploymentofActiveXdocument,PropertyBagcanmaintaintheconsistencyofdataobjects.InInternetExplorerinthedeploymentofanActiveXdocumenttoHTMLpagethroughasuper-connectiontoconnecttotheActiveXdocument.1.TouseHTMLtocreatequoteconnecttheActiveXdocument.DocumentwillbeasaresultofActiveXinInternetExplorertoreplacetheHTMLpage,sotoOBJECTtagsoncomponentsofanotherHTMLpage.WhentheJumptothepage,oncetheActiveXdocumentisloaded,itwillimmediatelydisappear.

2.UsingHTMLforthebrowseravailablefordownload,registrationandnavigationtothewaytheActiveXdocument.OBJECTtagintheActiveXdocumentshouldindicatethetypeofIDandtheCODEBASEattribute.

3.Inthesamepage,InternetExplorerusingVBScriptinstructionsimmediatelythroughtheappropriatenavigationvbdfiletotheActiveXdocument.Fourth,intheInternetapplicationsuseActiveXcontrols.ActiveXcontrolforadynamicHTMLpage:theadoptionofHTMLandVBScript,inanHTMLpagecanuseActiveXcontrols,setitsproperties,callitsmethodsanditsevents;acontrolthatcontainstheHTMLpageasifthedesignofaVisualBasicthewindow,ActiveXcontrolscanprovidemorevividandinteractiveuserinterfacefeaturestomakeHTMLpagesmoredynamic.

GeneralHTMLandVBScriptbymeansofacomprehensivereferenceandcontrolthebehaviorofActiveXcontrols.TheuseofHTMLforthebrowseravailablefordownload,registrationandreferencechannelsquotedActiveXcontrols.HTMLcodeintheOBJECTtagtoinclude:1.ControlthetypeofID,inordertoprocesstheregistryinWindowstofindthem;

2.IDattributesinordertoinvokethecontrolinVBScript(VisualBasicissimilartotheNameattribute);

3.CODEBASEattributetotellifthecomponentisnotthebrowserclienttofindwheretogo;

4.PARAMNAMElabel,setthepropertiesofthecontrolparameters.

PreparedtodealwithandthenuseVBScriptcodeclickeventssothateachcontrolbyclick,theprogramcanbeusedforthecorrespondingaction.isualBasicProfessionalEditionalsoincludesthreepre-designedpackagesforcontrolofInternetrelatedtechnologies,toexpandexistingapplications,theyare:

InternetTransferControl-threeparcelsofcommonInternetprotocol:HTTP,FTPandGopher;

WebBrowserControl-includesmanyavailablethroughtheInternetExplorerfeatures;

WinSockControl-canconnecttoaremotemachine,andthenthroughtheUDPorTCPtoexchangedata.

ThroughtheuseofthesecontrolscanbeaddedautomaticallyfromtheFTPsitetodownloadfiles,VisualBasicIDEcanalsoprovideWebbrowserAdd-in.

InternetapplicationsintheuseofActiveXcodecomponents,whethertheclientortheserverside,youcanuseActiveXcodecomponents(dllorexefiles),soastoaddfeaturesHTMLpage.Thedeploymentofcodeontheclientcomponents,thereisnoneedasaresultofusercommandsaretransmittedoverthenetworkbacktotheserver,socangreatlyimprovethespeed.Server-sidecomponentcanalsodisplaytheuserinterfacefunctionsofvisualelements.BydownloadingaDLL,canbeaddedintheHTMLpagetheuserinterfaceelements,suchasalogondialogbox;alsoprovidebehind-the-scenesclientprocessingpower,suchasalibrarywithVBScript.

AnotherDLLandInternettechnologywillbecombinedwiththewayitdeployedintheserver-side.IfthereisInternetInformationServer(IIS)(includedinWindowsNTServer4.0in),throughVisualBasiccustomsToolsdiskdirectoryOleisapi2dllinVisualBasictocallDLLbuilt-infunction.

Oleisapi2dllcontainsallthefunctionsISAPI.DLLcanbedeployedintheHTTPserver,andHTMLpageinformationsenttocallitsmethods.Oleisapi2dllasaclient,therequesttotheinterfacebetweentheDLL.BasedonduetocodeHTML,theserequestsisonlyasimpleURL.

Throughserver-sideDLL,canprovidecustomerswithcustomizedparametersbacktotheclient'sHTMLpage,butalsocanmanagethedatabaseconnection,therequesttoreceiveandreturntheresultsofthecollationandorganization.References[1]Chen.VisaulBasicProgramming[M].CentralRadioandTelevision[2]JinMaozhong.NETProgramming[M].CentralRadioandTVPress,2004.[3]DingAIping.VisaulBasicProgramming(2ndedition)[M].PublishingHouseofElectronicsIndustry,2004.[4]WenyuanPavilionstudio.ReamweaverXM2004cheatextensionwith[M].China用VB構(gòu)建INTERNET的應(yīng)用【摘要】發(fā)展Internet技術(shù)為編程人員提供了更廣泛的施展身手的空間。早先“Internet應(yīng)用程序"這個詞只是指一些用FTP協(xié)議下載文件或?yàn)g覽HTML頁面的工具，如今使用VisualBasic，不僅可為Internet開發(fā)應(yīng)用程序，還可把Internet技術(shù)作為一部分融入大型的解決方案中?！娟P(guān)鍵詞】Internet；VisualBasic；ActiveX組件；技術(shù)；程序發(fā)展Internet技術(shù)為編程人員提供了更廣泛的施展身手的空間。早先“Internet應(yīng)用程序"這個詞只是指一些用FTP協(xié)議下載文件或?yàn)g覽HTML頁面的工具，如今使用VisualBasic，不僅可為Internet開發(fā)應(yīng)用程序，還可把Internet技術(shù)作為一部分融入大型的解決方案中。這里所要討論的問題是利用VisualBasic創(chuàng)建面向Internet應(yīng)用起重要作用的ActiveX組件。例如，所創(chuàng)建的ActiveX控件可用于HTML頁面；開發(fā)ActiveX文檔可以在Internet瀏覽器中使用并與其他組件一起和HTML頁面集成；另外ActiveX代碼組件(以前被稱為OLE服務(wù)器),可以被部署在客戶端或服務(wù)器端的計(jì)算機(jī)上，用于后臺的處理。一、Internet開發(fā)環(huán)境Internet是使用TCP/IP協(xié)議、全球性非集中管理的計(jì)算機(jī)網(wǎng)絡(luò)。如果用于局部,所謂“Internet技術(shù)"完全可以和本地局域網(wǎng)中所使用的技術(shù)一樣。一方面,Internet技術(shù)為開發(fā)人員提供了一個施展身手的空間。如果和Web連接時使用了ActiveX組件，盡管具體實(shí)現(xiàn)的方法有所不同，如采用了HTML和VBScript代碼以實(shí)現(xiàn)安全性等，但仍然在調(diào)用方法、設(shè)置屬性、處理事件等等。這樣，VB開發(fā)人員所有的知識和技能都被用于Internet環(huán)境。另一方面，應(yīng)用Internet技術(shù)可延伸開發(fā)工作。如將ActiveX組件和Internet技術(shù)綜合有以下益處：更簡單維護(hù)——作為Web一部分的組件可以根據(jù)需要下載，無須用戶運(yùn)行一個setup程序進(jìn)行升級;將功能延伸至Internet——通過通用協(xié)議，用戶將看不見在Internet和Intranet之間的切換。二、Internet客戶/服務(wù)器可以借用客戶機(jī)/服務(wù)器的關(guān)系來考查Internet的開發(fā)環(huán)境，客戶端和服務(wù)器端都可以有“靜態(tài)的"和“活動的"兩種狀態(tài)?；顒拥目蛻魴C(jī)或服務(wù)器可據(jù)其內(nèi)部狀態(tài)的改變而動態(tài)地運(yùn)行一個腳本或是改變其行為；靜態(tài)的客戶機(jī)或服務(wù)器僅僅只是對外界激勵作出反應(yīng)。Internet開發(fā)包括四種情形：靜態(tài)的客戶機(jī)