化工原理（1）（全英文）智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年

化工原理（1）（全英文）智慧樹知到期末考試答案2024年化工原理（1）（全英文）Theparticlesizeofacertainparticlesettlesinthedust-settlingchamber.Iftheheightofthechamberdoubles,itsproductivitywillbe_______.某粒徑的顆粒在降塵室中沉降，若降塵室的高度增加一倍，則該降塵室的生產(chǎn)強度將_______。（）。

A:為原來的1/2HalvedB:不確定UncertainC:增加一倍DoubledD:不變Invariant答案:不變InvariantFanningfrictionfactorisratioof_____.范寧摩擦因數(shù)是_____之比。()

A:shearstressatcentertopressurehead管中心處切應(yīng)力與靜壓頭B:shearstressatwalltopressurehead管壁處切應(yīng)力與靜壓頭C:shearstressatcentertovelocityhead管中心處切應(yīng)力與動壓頭D:shearstressatwalltovelocityhead管壁處切應(yīng)力與動壓頭E:shearstressatwalltoelevationhead管壁處切應(yīng)力與位壓頭答案:shearstressatwalltovelocityhead管壁處切應(yīng)力與動壓頭Vacuumgaugescanbeusedtomeasuretheabsolutepressurethatis(

).真空表可以用于測量什么范圍的絕對壓強？（）

A:equalstotheexternalatmosphericpressure等于外界大氣壓B:farmorethantheexternalatmosphericpressure遠(yuǎn)大于外界大氣壓C:

morethantheexternalatmosphericpressure大于外界大氣壓D:

lessthantheexternalatmosphericpressure小于外界大氣壓答案:lessthantheexternalatmosphericpressure小于外界大氣壓Whendiscussingtheseparationperformanceofcycloneseparators,thecriticalparticlesizerefersto______.討論旋風(fēng)分離器分離性能時，臨界粒徑這一術(shù)語是指_____。()

A:Thediameterofthesmallestparticlethatcanbecompletelyseparatedbyacycloneseparator旋風(fēng)分離器能夠全部分離出來的最小顆粒的直徑B:Theminimumallowablediameterofcycloneseparator旋風(fēng)分離器允許的最小直徑C:Itcanmaintainthemaximumparticlediameterinthestagnantflowpattern能保持滯流流型時的最大顆粒直徑D:Thediameterofthecycloneseparatoratitshighestefficiency旋風(fēng)分離器效率最高時的旋風(fēng)分離器的直徑答案:Thediameterofthesmallestparticlethatcanbecompletelyseparatedbyacycloneseparator旋風(fēng)分離器能夠全部分離出來的最小顆粒的直徑Acentrifugalpumpisusedtotransfertheliquidbetweentwoopencontainers.Iftheliquidlevelheightofthetwocontainersismaintainedunchanged,whenthevalveontheconveyingpipelineisturningdown,thetotalresistanceofthepipelinewillbe_____.用離心泵在兩個敞口容器間輸送液體。若維持兩容器的液面高度不變，則當(dāng)輸送管道上的閥門關(guān)小后，管路總阻力將_____.()

A:invariant不變B:uncertain不確定C:increased增加D:decreased減小答案:invariant不變Inapressure-drivenflowinapipeofdiameter2R,whenr=_____,thesecondderivativeofvelocitywithrespecttoradialdirectiond2v/dr2=0.在直徑為2R的圓管中的壓力驅(qū)動流，速度的二階微分在哪個位置處為0。()

A:RB:R/4C:0D:d2v/dr2isneverzero該導(dǎo)數(shù)永不為0E:R/2答案:d2v/dr2isneverzero該導(dǎo)數(shù)永不為0Thedisadvantageof______inthemulti-effectevaporationprocessisthattheviscosityofthefeedliquidincreasesgraduallyalongtheflowdirection,whichreducestheheattransfercoefficientofthesubsequenteffect._______加料的多效蒸發(fā)流程的缺點是料液粘度沿流動方向逐效增大，致使后效的傳熱系數(shù)降低。()

A:Parallelfeed平流B:Backwardfeed逆流C:Mixedfeed錯流D:Forwardfeed并流答案:Forwardfeed并流Foracentrifugalpump,ifthefluiddensityisincreasedby1.2times,thenatthesameflowrate,theheadincreasesby_____times,thepowerincreasesby_____times._對某一離心泵，若輸送的流體密度增大1.2倍，則在相同流量下，揚程增大倍數(shù)為____倍，功率增大倍數(shù)為____倍。()

A:1.2,1.2B:1,1.2C:1,2.4D:1.2,2.4答案:1,1.2Theworkingpointofthecentrifugalpumpis_____.離心泵的工作點是指_____.()

A:Thepointdeterminedbythepumpcharacteristiccurve由泵的特性曲線所決定的點B:Theintersectionpointofpumpcharacteristiccurveandpipelinecharacteristiccurve泵的特性曲線與管路特性曲線的交點C:Thepointdeterminedbylinecharacteristics由管路特性所決定的點D:Thepointcorrespondingtothemaximumpumpefficiency與泵最高效率時對應(yīng)的點答案:Theintersectionpointofpumpcharacteristiccurveandpipelinecharacteristiccurve泵的特性曲線與管路特性曲線的交點Intheevaporationunit,themoreeffectivethetemperaturedifference,the_______thetemperaturedifferenceloss.蒸發(fā)裝置中，效數(shù)越多，溫度差損失_______。()

A:Notchanged不變B:Uncertain不確定C:Large越大rD:Less越少答案:Large越大rInconstantpressurefiltration,themediumresistancecanbenotconsidered.Ifthefiltrationpressuredifferenceisdoubled,thefiltratequantityobtainedatthesamefiltrationtimewillbe_______.恒壓過濾，如介質(zhì)阻力不計，過濾壓差增大一倍時，同一過濾時刻所得濾液量_______。()

A:doubled增大至原來的2倍B:increasedto1.5times增大至原來的1.5倍C:increasedto20.5times增大至原來的20.5倍D:quadrupled增大至原來的4倍答案:increasedto20.5times增大至原來的20.5倍Thepumpefficiencyηcharacterizesthefractionofenergybeingtransferredtotheliquid.Foracentrifugalpump,dependenceofηon

thevolumetricflowrateQis_____.泵效率反映了被分配給液體的能量占比，離心泵的效率η與流量Q的關(guān)系為_____.()

A:WhenQincreases,ηdecreasesfirstandthenincreasesQ增大，η先減小后增大B:WhenQgoesup,ηgoesdownQ增大則η減小C:WhenQgoesup,ηgoesup

Q增大則η增大D:WhenQincreases,ηincreasesfirstandthendecreasesQ增大，η先增大后減小答案:WhenQincreases,ηincreasesfirstandthendecreasesQ增大，η先增大后減小Theboilingpointis______thesolutionintheevaporationchamber.蒸發(fā)室內(nèi)溶液的沸點______二次蒸汽的溫度。（）

A:Higherthan高于B:Equalto等于C:Uncertain不確定D:Lowerthan低于答案:Higherthan高于Whencentrifugalpumpstopoperation,itshouldbe_____.離心泵停止操作時，應(yīng)_____.()

A:Singlepumpfirstpoweroff,multi-stagepumpfirstclosetheoutletvalve單機泵先停電，多級泵先關(guān)出口閥B:Firstclosetheoutletvalveorpowerfailureissame先關(guān)出口閥或先停電均可C:Firstpoweroffandthenclosetheoutletvalve先停電后關(guān)出口閥D:Firstclosetheoutletvalveandthenpoweroff先關(guān)出口閥后停電答案:Firstclosetheoutletvalveandthenpoweroff先關(guān)出口閥后停電Intheconstantpressurefiltration,thefiltercakeisincompressibleandthemediumresistancecanbeignored.Iftheoperatingpressuredifferenceincreasesby1times,thefiltrationrateincreasedto______.恒壓過濾時，如濾餅不可壓縮，介質(zhì)阻力可忽略，當(dāng)操作壓差增加1倍，則過濾速率為原來的_______。（）

A:2B:1C:20.5D:1/2答案:2Atubeheatexchanger,betweenthetubeswithsaturatedwatervaportoheattheairinthetube(airinthetubeforturbulentflow),sothattheairtemperaturefrom20℃to80℃,nowtheairflowneedtoincreaseto2timesoftheoriginal.Iftheairinletandoutlettemperatureiskeptconstant,theheattransfertemperaturedifferenceshouldbetimesoftheoriginal.某一套管換熱器，管間用飽和水蒸氣加熱管內(nèi)空氣（空氣在管內(nèi)作湍流流動），使空氣溫度由20℃升至80℃，現(xiàn)需空氣流量增加為原來的2倍，若要保持空氣進(jìn)出口溫度不變，則此時的傳熱溫差應(yīng)為原來的倍。()

A:Uncertain不能確定B:1.149C:1.74D:2答案:1.149Thesphericalparticlessettlefreelyinthestationaryfluid,andwhen10-4＜Ret＜1,thesettlingvelocitycanbecalculatedby________.球形顆粒在靜止流體中自由沉降，當(dāng)在10-4＜Ret＜1時，沉降速度可用_______計算。（）

A:StokesEquation斯托克斯公式B:NewtonEquation牛頓公式C:MaxwellEquation麥克斯韋公式D:AllenEquation艾侖公式答案:StokesEquation斯托克斯公式Thereadingofvacuumgaugeintheequipmentis100mmHg,trytocalculatethegaugepressure.Giventhattheatmosphericpressureinthisareais740mmHg,thenwhatisthegaugepressure?某設(shè)備真空表的讀數(shù)是100mmHg，請計算一下表壓，假設(shè)當(dāng)?shù)卮髿鈮簽?40mmHg，表壓為多少？()

A:640mmHgB:-100mmHgC:840mmHgD:-740mmHg答案:-100mmHgAliquidflowsfromaconduitintoanotherwhosediameteristwiceasbig.Themeanspeedis7m/spriortotheexpansion.Afterpassingtheexpansion,themeanspeedfortheliquidis(

),andthelocalheadlossduetotheexpansionis(

).某流體自一個圓管進(jìn)入另一圓管，后者直徑為前者2倍。流體在前一管道中的平均流速為7m/s。則在后一管道的平均流速為（

），此處的局部壓頭損失為（

）。()

A:1.75m/s;0.09mB:1.75m/s;1.88mC:1.75m/s;0.12mD:1.75m/s;1.41mE:1.75m/s;1.25m答案:1.75m/s;1.41mItisknownthatwhenthetemperatureisT,theradiationcapacityoffirebrickisgreaterthanthatofaluminumplate,andthentheblacknessofaluminumistheblacknessoffirebrick.已知當(dāng)溫度為T時，耐火磚的輻射能力大于鋁板的輻射能力，則鋁的黑度耐火磚的黑度。()

A:Equalto等于B:lessthan小于C:Uncertain不能確定D:Greaterthan大于答案:小于Thepurposeofusingmulti-effectevaporationistoimprove_________.采用多效蒸發(fā)的目的是為了提高_(dá)________。（）

A:Aforementionedthreeoptions

ABC全選B:Theeconomyofheatingsteam加熱蒸汽經(jīng)濟程度C:Capacity生產(chǎn)能力D:Theconcentrationofthefinishedsolution完成液的濃度答案:Theeconomyofheatingsteam加熱蒸汽經(jīng)濟程度Whenthedensityoftheliquidchanges,thepressureheadHandshaftpowerNofthecentrifugalpumpchangeas_____.當(dāng)液體的密度改變時，離心泵的壓頭H和軸功率N的變化為_____.()

A:N均改變B:Hdoesn'tchange,NchangesH不變，N改變C:HandNdon’tchangeD:HandNchangeE:N均不變F:Hchanges,Ndoesn'tchangeH改變，N不變答案:N均不變Withthedecreaseofthesettlingchamberheight,thesettlingtimebecomes______.隨著沉降室高度降低，則沉降時間______。()

A:Shorter更短B:Invariant不變C:

Longer更長D:Uncertain不確定答案:Shorter更短Thecentrifugalpumpflowregulationmethodsare_____.離心泵的流量調(diào)節(jié)方法_____.()

A:Changethepumpspeed改變泵的轉(zhuǎn)速B:Bypassregulation旁路調(diào)節(jié)C:Changethepumpoutletvalveopening改變泵出口閥門開度D:Reduceimpellerdiameter減小葉輪直徑。答案:Changethepumpoutletvalveopening改變泵出口閥門開度;Changethepumpspeed改變泵的轉(zhuǎn)速;Reduceimpellerdiameter減小葉輪直徑。Thecorrectdescriptionoftheinfluenceoffluidphysicalpropertiesonconvectiveheattransfercoefficientis.關(guān)于流體物性對對流傳熱系數(shù)影響的描述，正確的是。()

A:Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientdecreaseswiththeincreaseoffluidviscosity對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體黏度的增加而減小B:Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientincreaseswiththeincreaseoftheheatcapacityofthefluid對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體熱容的增加而增大C:Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientdecreaseswiththeincreaseoffluiddensity對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體密度的增加而減小D:Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientincreaseswiththeincreaseofthethermalconductivityofthefluid對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的增加而增大答案:Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientincreaseswiththeincreaseofthethermalconductivityofthefluid對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體導(dǎo)熱系數(shù)的增加而增大;Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientdecreaseswiththeincreaseoffluidviscosity對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體黏度的增加而減小;Theconvectiveheattransfercoefficientincreaseswiththeincreaseoftheheatcapacityofthefluid對流傳熱系數(shù)隨著流體熱容的增加而增大Inthedesignofshellandtubeheatexchanger,itisreasonabletochoosetheflowdiameterofthefluid.在管殼式換熱器的設(shè)計中，關(guān)于流體流徑的選擇，合理的是。().

A:Uncleanandscale-pronefluidsareeasytoenterthepipe不潔凈和易結(jié)垢的流體易走管內(nèi)B:Fluidwithhighpressureiseasytopassthroughthetube壓強高的流體易走管內(nèi)C:Corrosivefluidsareeasytoenterthepipe腐蝕性的流體易走管內(nèi)D:Liquidwithhighviscosityorsmallflowrateiseasytogobetweentubes黏度大的液體或流量較小的流體易走管間答案:Uncleanandscale-pronefluidsareeasytoenterthepipe不潔凈和易結(jié)垢的流體易走管內(nèi);Corrosivefluidsareeasytoenterthepipe腐蝕性的流體易走管內(nèi);Liquidwithhighviscosityorsmallflowrateiseasytogobetweentubes黏度大的液體或流量較小的流體易走管間;Fluidwithhighpressureiseasytopassthroughthetube壓強高的流體易走管內(nèi)Inthefollowingheatexchanger,thetubularheatexchangerare.下列換熱器中，屬于管式換熱器的是。()

A:Tubingheatexchanger套管式換熱器B:Floatingheadheatexchanger浮頭式換熱器C:Jacketheatexchanger夾套式換熱器D:Snake-tubeheatexchanger蛇管式換熱器答案:管式換熱器Theheattransfercoefficientwithphasechangeissmallerthantheheattransfercoefficientwithoutphasechange.有相變的傳熱系數(shù)小于無相變的傳熱系數(shù)。（）

A:正確B:錯誤答案:錯誤ThesettlingvelocityofsphericalparticlesinstaticfluidcanbecalculatedbyStokesformula.球形顆粒在靜止流體中作自由沉降時，其沉降速度可用斯托克斯公式計算。（）

A:對B:錯答案:錯Thenon-condensablegascontainedinthesteamwillincreasethecondensationheattransfercoefficient.蒸汽中所含的不凝氣會使冷凝傳熱系數(shù)上升。（）

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤Oneofthemaindifferencesbetweencentrifugalsedimentationvelocityandgravitysedimentationvelocityisthattheformerisaconstantvaluewhilethelatterisnot.離心沉降速度與重力沉降速度的主要區(qū)別之一是前者是定值，而后者則不是定值。（）

A:對B:錯答案:對Fourier'slawisthebasiclawtodescribethermalconvection.傅立葉定律為描述熱對流的基本定律。（）

A:對B:錯答案:錯Viscosityofafluiddecreaseswithtemperature.流體的粘度隨溫度上升而下降。（）

A:錯B:對答案:對Atthesametemperature,thevalueoftheabsorptionisequaltotheblacknessofanobject.在同一溫度下，物體的吸收率和黑度在數(shù)值上是相同的。（）

A:對B:錯答案:對Inthedustchamber,thenecessaryconditionforparticlestobeseparatedisthatthesettlingtimeofparticlesshouldbegreaterthanorequaltotheresidencetimeofgasintheroom.在降塵室里，顆?？杀环蛛x的必要條件是顆粒的沉降時間應(yīng)大于或等于氣體在室內(nèi)的停留時間。（）

A:錯誤B:正確答案:錯誤AverylargeReynoldsnumberimpliesthatinertiadominatesviscosity.很大的雷諾數(shù)意味著慣性效應(yīng)主宰了粘性效應(yīng)。（）

A:正確B:錯誤答案:正確Increasingfluid’svelocityandincreasingfluid’sdisturbancecanincreasethetotalheattransfercoefficient.提高流體流速、增加流體的擾動可提高總傳熱系數(shù)。（）

A:對B:錯答案:對Apipeofdiameter0.4mandoflength1500misconnectedtooutletofareservoir.ThepiezometricheadatinletAis0.3m.Toincreasedischarge,anotherlineofthesamediameterisintroducedparalleltothefirstinthesecondhalfofthelength.TheDarcyfactoris0.04forallpipesandnominorlossissignificant.TheincreaseindischargeflowrateQis_____.如圖，用一根直徑為0.4m，長度為1500m的圓管AC從一儲水罐中導(dǎo)出水流。管道入口A處的測壓頭為0.3m。現(xiàn)為增大流率，特在管道中點B處增加一分支管路BD，該分管與原管相同，達(dá)西摩擦因數(shù)均為0.04。忽略所有局部阻力。如此則總流率Q增加了_____。()

A:0.1