全新版大學(xué)英語第二冊第一單元Unit-1-Learning-Chinese-style

Unit1WaysofLearningTextALearning,Chinese-styleASurveyDoyouagreewiththefollowingstatements?Playisthebestwaytolearn.Childrendeveloplifeskillsbestthroughformalprograms.Childrenarenaturallycurious,inspired,motivatedlearners,butsometimestheenjoymentoflearningcangetlostinthepressureto“succeed”informaleducation.Parentsarethemostimportantinstructorstothechildren,sotheyshouldgiveasmuchguidanceaspossible.Warm-upActivity(I)Twochildrenaregiventwohulahoops,atoytheyareunfamiliarwith.★Maryisgivenahulahoopwithinstructionsonhowtouseit.★Jackisgivenahulahoopwithnoinstructions.Whatkindofoutcomesdoyouexpect?Warm-upActivity(I)Possibleoutcomes:Marylearnstokeepthehulahoopinmotionbymovingherbodyincertainways.Jackexploresthehoopanddiscoversit’sbigenoughtostepthrough.Hethenbalancesthehoopbetweentwoobjectsandpracticeskickingaballthroughthehoop.Howdoyoucommentonthesetwooutcomes?Warm-upActivity(I)Bothoutcomesaregood.Mary,becauseshefollowedthedirectionsgiven,learntausefulplayskill.Jack,ontheotherhand,hadtheexperienceofexploringanddiscoveringanitemhewasunfamiliarwith,andusedhishoopinadifferent,butequallyplayfulway.Whichonedoyouthinkisbetterindevelopingcreativity?Warming-up(II)

Supposeyouwereaparent,whatwouldyoudoonthefollowingoccasion?Whenyousawa2-year-oldbabyfallingbeforeyouandcrying.WhatanAmericanparentwouldprobablydoontheaboveoccasion?QuestionstoConsiderAsfarasyouareconcerned,whatarethedifferencesinchildeducationbetweenChinaandAmerica?Givemoreexamples.ChineseAmericansDifferentwaysofteachingchildrenbetweenChineseandAmericansGivePriorityto

SkillsGivePrioritytocreativityTeachbyholdingone’shand,shapingandmodeling.Teachachildtorelyonhimselftosolveproblems.

Topic:CulturalDifferencesbetweenChinaandtheU.S.

VSLifestyleIndividualism:Collectivism:Self-reliance/

Self-promotion/independenceTwoheadsarebetterthanone.Sacrificeforthegreatergood.LeadershipAmericanDreamHierarchyEquality,LibertyConfucianismMeltingPotChinese:

emphasizethefamilyemphasizetheorder,disciplinerequiretheindividualsfitintothegroupAmerican:

emphasizetheindividual(I)

pursetheindividualrightsmaximalindividualpotentialHowardGardnerHowardGardner(July11,1943-):AmericanPsychologistandEducator,professorofeducationatHarvardUniversityPart1:beginningPart2:middlePart3:conclusion1.Whatdoesthetextbeginwith?2.Whatarehisthoughtsmainlyabout?3.Whatkindofendwindsupthetext?TextOrganization(P10)1.Thetextbeginswithan

anecdote/incident.2.HisthoughtaremainlyaboutdifferentapproachestolearninginChinaandtheWest.

3.Theendwindsupthetextwithasuggestionintheformofaquestion.Part1:Pleasereadparagraph1to5carefully.(5minutes)JinlingHotel,LobbyroomkeyattachedtoalargeplasticblockwithanumberonitAboxwithaslotQuestionsaboutpara.1-5Whereandwhendidtheincidenttakeplace?Whoarethemaincharactersinthisincident?Part1:Paras.1-5TrueorfalseBenjaminwasworriedthathecouldn’tputthekeyintothebox.IntheChinesestaff’sopinion,theparentsshouldguideBenjamintoinsertthekey.Paras.1-51.HowdoestheauthorintroducethetopicinTextA?The

anecdote.key-slotWaysofIntroducingaThemeStatingthetopicdirectlyPosingaquestionQuotingafamoussayingRelatingananecdoteoranincidentParas.1-52.SumupthecontrastbetweentheattitudeofthecoupleandthatofthehotelstafftowardBenjamin’seffortsininsertingthekeyintotheslot.1)Thecouple:lethim

and______

himself.2)Thehotelstaff:heldhis_________and_________himhowtoinsertthekeycorrectly.exploreenjoyhandtaughtLanguagePointsinPart1attachfindone’swayphenomenoninitialassistinsertsomewhatawaitonoccasionneglectrelevantthrowlightonattach

vt

fastenorjoin(onethingtoanother)attachAtoBBbeattached

toAApricetagwasattachedtoeacharticleinthesupermarket.Doyouattachmuchimportancetowhathesays?Syn:fastenOpp:detachn.attachment:Pleaseseetheattachmentofmyemail.findone’swayarriveorgetsomewhere雖然他醉了，但還是找回了家。Althoughhewasdrunk,hestillfoundhiswayhome.phenomenon

n.happening,occasion,event(pl.phenomena)

naturalphenomena

Polarlightisabeautifulnaturalphenomenon.initial

adj.

atthebeginning;firstTheinitialtalkswerethebaseofthelateragreement.theinitialletterofawordassistv.(formal)help,support(n.assistance,assistant)assistsb

todo

sth;assistsb

with

sth,assistsb

in(doing)

sth.eg.assist

sbtofillintheforms

assist

sbwith

assist

sbinform-fillingfillingintheformsawaitvt.waitfore.g.Hewasanxiouslyawaitingherreply.Hewasanxiouslyherreply.waitingforonoccasionnowandthen,occasionally,onceinawhile,attimes,fromtimetotime有時，間或Eg.Youhaveonoccasionsurprisedpeople.occasionn.aparticulartimewhensth.happensontheoccasionof在…之際

ontheoccasionofsb’sweddingneglectvtGivetoolittleattentionorcareto1.廢寢忘食neglectone’smealsandsleep2.離開時別忘了鎖門。Don’tneglecttolockthedoorwhenyouleave.neglect,ignore&omitneglect

指對職責(zé)、義務(wù)或者應(yīng)做的事沒有給予足夠的注意。有意的或無意的。

Thosewhoneglecttheirdutiesshouldbepunished.ignore

指疏忽、不顧，強調(diào)對某人或者某物故意不理會

WhenIsawTom,Istoppedtogreethim,butheignoredmeandwalkedon.omit

指因為專注或疏忽而忘記某事,這種失誤可能是有意或無意的

Sheshouldnotomittovisitthemuseum.relevantadj.directlyconnectedwiththesubject,havingtodowiththematterathandn.relevanceEg.Hiscolorisnotrelevanttowhetherhe’sagoodlawyer.opp:irrelevant

Hiscoloris

whetherhe’sagoodlawyer.irrelevanttothrow/shedlighton

helpunderstand,makeclearThesefacts

newlight

thematter.SentencesBecauseofhistenderageandincompleteunderstandingoftheneedtopositionthekeyjustso,hewouldusuallyfail.Paraphrasethesentence.Becausehewassoyounganddidn’tquiteknowthatheshouldpositionthekeycarefullytofitintothenarrowkeyslot,hewouldusuallyfail.

Benjaminwasnotbotheredintheleast.Paraphrasethesentence.Benjaminwasnotbotheredatall.TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.本杰明一點也不在意?！璦ndtothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.Paraphrasethispartofthesentence.AndtohelpexplainChineseattitudestowardcreativity.SentenceTranslation

1. ButoneofthemosttellinglessonsEllenandIgotinthedifferencebetweenChineseandAmericanideasofeducationcamenotintheclassroombutinthelobbyoftheJinlingHotelwherewestayedinNanjing.然而，我和艾倫獲得的有關(guān)中美教育觀念差異的最難忘的體驗并非來自課堂，而是來自我們在南京期間寓居的金陵飯店的大堂。2.Heprobablygotasmuchpleasureoutofthesoundsthekeymadeashedidthosefewtimeswhenthekeyactuallyfounditswayintotheslot.他從鑰匙聲響中得到的樂趣大概跟他偶爾把鑰匙成功地塞進(jìn)槽口而獲得的樂趣一樣多。3.IsoonrealizedthatthisincidentwasdirectlyrelevanttoourassignedtasksinChina:toinvestigatethewaysofearlychildhoodeducation(especiallyinthearts),andtothrowlightonChineseattitudestowardcreativity.我很快意識到，這件小事與我們在中國要做的工作直接相關(guān)：考察兒童早期教育（尤其是藝術(shù)教育）的方式，揭示中國人對創(chuàng)造性活動的態(tài)度。Part2:Para.6-Para.131.ReadthefirstsentenceofbothPara6andPara7,anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere.Contrastvs.ComparisonContrast:toexplainhowtwoormorethingsaredifferent

Comparison:toexplainhowtwoormorethingsarealikeComparisonandcontrast:howtwoormorethingsarealikeanddifferentContrastvs.ComparisonUsefulexpressionsComparison:like,thesameas,alike,similar,likewise,and,aswellas,also,too,justas,asdo,bothContrast:unlike,incontrastto,differentfrom,however,whereas,but,asopposedto,ontheotherhandone-side-at-a-timemethod:examineonesubjectthoroughlyandthenstarttheother.Point-by-pointmethod:examinetwoobjectsatthesametime,discussingthempointbypoint.MethodsofComparisonandContrast

Part2:Para.6-Para131.ReadthefirstsentenceofbothPara6andPara7,anddecidewhatmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere.one-side-at-a-timemethod2.SumupthecontrastbetweenChineseandWesternwaystolearntofulfillatask.TheChineseshowachildhowtodosomething,orteachingbyholdinghandTheWesterners

letachildexplore,teachinghimtorelyonhimselfforsolutionstoproblems.3.ReadfromPara11toPara13.Whichmethodofcomparisonandcontrastisusedhere?Point-by-pointmethodPoint1:Para.11attitudestocreativityPoint2:Para.12fearswebothharborPoint3:Para.13greyarea4.ThecontrastbetweentheChineseandtheWesternattitudestowardcreativityandbasicskills：TheChinese

giveprioritytodevelopingskillsatanearlyage,believingthatcreativitycanbepromotedovertime.TheWesternersputmoreemphasisonfosteringcreativityinyoungchildren,thinkingthatskillscanbepickeduplater.LanguagePointsinPart2exceptiondesirableaccomplishinduecoursecriticalprincipalmakeupforinretrospectcometosb’srescueextremesomuchsothatcontinualLanguagePointsinPart2applyworkon/atpriorityevolvesummarizecontrastontheotherhandpromoteemergepickupenormousexaggerateexceptionn.例外Thereisanexceptiontothisgrammaticalrule.withafew/fewexceptions除一些/少數(shù)例外withtheexceptionof

將…除外Wealllaughed,

Maggie.withtheexceptionofMaggie1.WithafewexceptionsmyChinesecolleaguesdisplayedthesameattitudeasthestaffattheJinlingHotel.Translatethesentence

我的中國同行，除了少數(shù)幾個人外，對此事的態(tài)度與金陵飯店工作人員一樣。approachv.comenearerto接近

v.(beginto)dealwithn.methodofdoingsth.

desirablea.worthachieving;worthwantingThisstreetisavery

locationforalargedepartmentstore.Itismostdesirablethatheshouldattendtheconference.opp:undesirabledesirablevsdesireddesirableaccomplishvt.managetodo(sth)

Shehas

accomplishedagreatdealinthelastfewyears.

accomplishone’sobject/goal/task/missioninduecourse

atthepropertimeBepatient.You’llgetyourpromotioninduecourse.due

a.

expectedThefinalresultsoftheexperimentaredueonDecember9.dueto

prep.becauseofHewasabsentfromclassduetoillness.criticala.1)veryimportantAsecondincomeis

thefamily’swell-being.Syn.crucial,importantacriticaldecision;acriticalmomentcritical

to2)veryseriousordangerousacriticalshortageoffood

acriticalconditionacriticalillness

Heisstill

inhospital.inacritical

condition3.Butthecriticalpointwasthat,intheprocess,weweretryingtoteachBenjaminthatonecansolveaproblemeffectivelybyoneself.但關(guān)鍵在于，在這個過程中，我們試圖讓本杰明懂得，一個人是能夠很好地自行解決問題的。principala.main;chieftheprincipalfoodofIndiansOurprincipalproblemislackoftime.

aprincipalvalueofchildrearingn.someonewhoisinchargetheschool/universityprincipalPrincipal&PrinciplePrinciple名詞,基本的東西或規(guī)則和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)

Heconsideredhimselftobeamanofprinciple.Principal名詞（居于高位或者擔(dān)任重要角色的人物）、形容詞（主要的）.ameetingamongalltheprincipalsinthetransactionExerciseP17makeupforrepaywithsthgood;compensateforTheteamwillbeanxioustomakeupforadisappointingstarttotheseason.Ididn’ttravelmuchwhenIwasyounger,butI’mcertainlymakingupfor

losttimenow.GrammaticalStructureswhetherit(he)be…or…--whetheritbeplacingakeyinakeyslot,drawingahenormakingupforamisdeed…(line52-53)be-型虛擬的一種，意為“不管（不論）是…還是…”，表示讓步，其省略結(jié)構(gòu)為beit…,behe…or…等，必須倒裝。如：

Whethersheberightorwrong,shewillhavemyunswervingsupport.Ex.Everydayhetakesawalkintheparkintheevening,________________________（不論陰天還是晴天）.whetheritbefineorraininginretrospect

uponreflectionTherearesomethingsthatyouonlybecometotallyconsciousof

.Inretrospect,whatIhavedoneisclearlyabsurd.inretrospect4.Inretrospect,itbecamecleartomethatthisincidentwasindeedkey—andkeyinmorethanonesense.回想起來，當(dāng)時我就清楚地意識到，這件事正是體現(xiàn)了問題的關(guān)鍵之所在——而且不僅僅是一種意義上的關(guān)鍵之所在.cometothe/somebody'srescuea)Alifeboatcametotheyachtsman's

rescue.b)Carol'sbrothercametotherescueandsenther$1000.救援解圍extremen.

eitherendofanything

走極端adj.

mostremote;verygreat,severe,drastic,extendingfarbeyondthenorm

極刑處在極度痛苦中g(shù)otoextremesextremepenaltyinextremepainfacility

n.1)abilitytodosth.easilyandwellhavegreat

learninglanguages2)(pl)equipment,aids,etc.whichmakeeasytodothingssportsfacilitiesentertainmentfacilitiesfacilitatev.

makeeasyModerninventionshavefacilitatedhousework.facility

insomuchsothat:tosuchanextent

一些父母寵愛他們的孩子，以至于從未要求他們做過家務(wù)活。

Someparentsspoiltheirchildren,somuchsothattheyneveraskthemtodoanyhousework.IcametorealizethattheseChinesewerenotjustmoldingandshapingBenjamin’sperformanceinanyoldmanner:InthebestChinesetradition,theywereba

zhe

shou

jiao---“teachingbyholdinghishand”---somuchsothathewouldhappilycomebackformore.Translatethissentence.我逐漸認(rèn)識到，這些中國人不是簡單地以一種陳舊的方式塑造、引導(dǎo)本杰明的行為：他們是在恪守中國傳統(tǒng)，把著手教，教得本杰明自己會愉快地要求再來一次。Continual&Continuous不斷的continual:separateactionswhicharerepeatedoveraperiodoftimecontinuous:anactioncarriesonwithoutstoppingorinterrupting1.Shehasenduredhousearrest(軟禁)and

harassmentbythepolice.

economicgrowthcontinualcontinuousapplyvi1)bepertinentorrelevantTheadvicegivenbytheprofessoronly

someofthecollegestudents.2)writealetterorfillinaforminordertoaskformallyforsth.Hedecidedto________

jointheStudents’Union.Hedecidedto________

theStudents’Union.appliestoapply

toapplyforpriorityn.

sththatonemustdobeforeanythingelse,sththatholdsahighplaceamongcompetingclaimsKeepingeconomystrongis

.prior(to):

earlierintime,orderorimportanceAllthearrangementsshouldbecompletedpriortoyourdeparture.thefirstpriorityParaphrase…youngWesternersmakingtheirboldestdeparturesfirstandthengraduallymasteringthetradition…Whatdoesmakingtheirboldestdeparturesmean?Doingsth.differentfromanestablishedruleortradition.TranslatethispartintoChinese.

西方的年輕人先是大膽創(chuàng)新，然后逐漸深諳傳統(tǒng)。evolvevi

developgraduallyevole

into

進(jìn)化成,發(fā)展成evolve

from/outof

由…演化而成;從…發(fā)展而來Somepeoplebelievethatweevolved

___theapes.fromsummarizev.-ize

動詞后綴.1)與名詞結(jié)合,構(gòu)成動詞,表示與原名詞詞義有關(guān)的動作

apologizecharacterizecriticizememorizeemphasizerevolutionize2)或者與表示狀況或者情況的名詞/形容詞結(jié)合構(gòu)成動詞,描述使原詞提及的狀態(tài)或情況得以實現(xiàn)而采用的方式

modernizesterilizestandardizecontrastv.

compare(twopeopleorthings)sothatdifferencesaremadeclearcontrastAwith/andBInherspeechshecontrastedthegovernment’soptimisticpromiseswithitsdisappointingachievements.n.

differencebetweenthingscomparedsharp/striking/startling/strongcontrastharborn.

placeofshelterforshipsAlltheshipsstayedintheharborduringthestorm.vt.keep(sth)secretlyinone’smind懷有

Hemightbeharboringthoughtsofrevenge.5.Thecontrastbetweenourtwoculturescanalsobeseenintermsofthefearswebothharbor.我們兩種文化的差異也可以從我們各自所懷的憂慮中顯示出來。ontheonehand…ontheotherhandtointroducetwocontrastingcircumstancesI'dliketoeatout,but

Ishouldbetryingtosavemoney.ontheotherhandpromotevt.helptogrowordevelopmakeneweffortstopromotetheworldpeacepromoteeconomicgrowthemerge

vi.

comeout(fromwateretc)Eventuallythetruthofthematteremerged.

我的腦海里浮現(xiàn)出一個極妙的想法。

Awonderfulideaemergedinmymind.

emergence&emergencyemergence:emergingemergency:aserious,unexpectedsituationoroccurrencethatdemandsimmediateactionIncaseof

,pressthealarmbutton.thecompany's

frombankruptcyemergencyemergencepickup1)tolift(someoneorsomething),asfromthefloororfurniture2)tocollect(someoneorsomething);arrangetomeet(someone)esp.forajourney3)tobeabletoreceive(somethingsuchaselectricity,soundwaves,etc.)withamachine4)(notfml)tolearn(sthsuchasinformation),ofteninformallyorbychance5)improvepickupTradehasbeenpickingupagainsincethewinterIwillpickyouupatyourplaceat8.Thesearchersatlastpickedupasignalfromthecrashedplane.HecanonlyhavepickedupsuchexcellentEnglishbylivinginthecountryforsomeyears.Part3:Para14Therearemanywaystoconcludeanessay.Howdoestheauthorendthistext?()A)Restatingthemainpointspreviouslymentioned.B)Proposingasolution.C)Quotingfromsomebooksorpeople.D)Predictingfuturedevelopments.E)Makingasuggestionintheformofaquestion.ELanguagePointsinPart3assuming(that)validworthwhilesuperiorAssuming(that):if,假設(shè)…

假設(shè)我們都以這種速度工作，這個項目下月就能完成了。

Assumingthatweallworkatthisrate,thisprojectshouldbefinishednextmonth.assuming(that)Byassumingthat

thecontrastIhavedevelopedisvalid,andthat…(line98-102)表假定（表示真實條件，其從句謂語動詞用陳述語氣），有時表讓步。如：Assumingitrainstomorrow,whatshallwedo?Cf.suppose/supposingthat表“如果，假如”?？捎糜谔摂M語氣和陳述語氣。Suppose(that)youhadonemilliondollars,whatwouldyoudo?（虛擬語氣）Ex.

_____________________(就算這是真的),you’restillwrong.Assumingthatitistruevalidadj

1)有充分證據(jù)的,正當(dāng)?shù)?/p>

Theyhavevalidreasonsforrefusingtodoit.2)(法律)有效的

Thelicenseisvalidforthreemonths.worthwhileadj.worthdoing;worththetroubletakenHereissomeworthwhileadvicetoanyyoungbusinessman.worthwhile

adj.worthdoing,worththetroubletaken值得（花時間和精力）的:It'sworthwhilereadingthenovel.Or:Readingthenovelisworthwhile.Itisworthwhiletoconsidertheplan.Or:Toconsidertheplanisworthwhile.護(hù)理工作是很值得干的職業(yè).Nursingisaveryworthwhilecareer.Cf.

worth,worthyworth:givingorlikelytogiveasatisfactoryorrewardingreturnfor(doingsth)Thebookisworthreading.It’sworthwhilereadingthebook.It’snotworththetrouble.worthy:[作表語]deservingsthortodosth

應(yīng)得某事物;值得某事【~ofsth/beingdone】【~todosth/tobedone】:Thebookisworthyofcarefulstudy/beingstudiedcarefully.[作定語]aworthycause崇高的事業(yè)Ex.填空Herachievementsare_______ofthehighestpraise.Itisa__________job.Itisn‘t__________waitingforhim.改錯：F:Theplaceisnotworthvisitingit.T:Theplaceisnotworthvisiting.F:Theplaceisworthwhilevisiting.T：Visitingtheplaceisworthwhile.worthyworthwhileworthwhile

superioradj.

bebetterthanaverageorthanothersofthesametypebesuperior

tobesuperior

inTheenemieswere

numbers.Thiscarpetisfar

thatoneinquality.opp:

inferiorsuperior

insuperior

toCanwegather,fromtheChineseandAmericanextremes,asuperiorwaytoapproacheducation,perhapsstrikingabetterbalancebetweenthepolesofcreativityandbasicskills?TranslatethesentenceintoChinese.我們能否從中美兩個極端中尋求一種更好的教育方式，它或許能在創(chuàng)造力與基本技能這兩極之間獲得某種較好的平衡?Doyouthinkthatwecanfindabetterwayto