安徽省2023-2024年高三下學期六校第二次聯(lián)考英語試題

英語試題考生注意：1.滿分150分，考試時間120分鐘。2.考生作答時，請將答案答在答題卡上。選擇題每小題選出答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目的答案標號涂黑;非選擇題請用直徑0.5毫米黑色墨水簽字筆在答題卡上各題的答題區(qū)域內(nèi)作答，超出答題區(qū)域書寫的答案無效，在試題卷、草稿紙上作答無效。第一部分聽力(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)做題時，先將答案標在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)(共5小題;每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分)聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時間來回答有關小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。例:Howmuchistheshirt?A.￡19.15.B.￡9.18.C.￡9.15.答案C。1.Whatisthemandoing?A.Readingarecipe.B.Bakingcookies.C.Sellingcookies.2.Whatisthewomanlookingfor?A.Abird.B.Aguest.C.Abook.3.Wherewillthewomango?A.TotheCanadianmarket.B.TotheFrenchmarket.C.TotheAustralianmarket.4.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Seeingshootingstars.B.Watchingamovie.C.Attendingaconcert.5.Whydoesthemanfeelsorryfortheotherteam?A.Theteamlostbytoomuch.B.Theteamdidn’tmakehimexcited.C.Theteamwithdrewfromthematch.第二節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分)聽下面5段對話或獨白。每段對話或獨白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項中選出最佳選項。聽每段對話或獨白前，你將有時間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時間。每段對話或獨白讀兩遍。聽第6段材料，回答第6、7題。6.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?AInapany.B.Inacafeteria.C.Inanapartment.7.WhatisgoodaboutseeingDr.Chanaccordingtotheman?A.Sheisaprofessionaldoctor.B.Sheisavailableontheweekend.C.Sheisinthespeakers’neighborhood.聽第7段材料，回答第8、9題。8.Whattimeisitnow?A.About1:00.B.About2:00.C.About4:00.9.Whatwillthewomanberesponsiblefor?A.Thebathrooms.B.Thecarpet.CThewindows.聽第8段材料，回答第10至12題。10.HowdowomenfeelaboutBradaccordingtotheman?A.Annoying.B.Special.C.Kind.11.Whatwillthewomandotomorrowmorning?A.Gotoseeadoctor.B.Gotohaveanicemeal.C.Goonaboattrip.12.Whatdoesthewomanthinkisapity?A.Shecan’tdinewiththeman.BShewillhavetoleaveverysoon.C.Shedidn’tenjoyherselfattheparty.聽第9段材料，回答第13至16題。13.Wheredoesthewomanwork?A.InItaly.B.InBritain.C.InLithuania.14.HowdoesthewomanimproveherEnglishafterwork?A.Shegoestoclasses.B.Shelearnsfromafriend.C.ShewatchesEnglishTV.15.WhatdoesJeffdo?A.Heisacook.B.Heisawaiter.C.Heisastudent.16.Whatwillthewomandonextmonth?A.Gobacktohercountry.B.Findaflat.C.Getmarried.聽第10段材料，回答第17至20題。17.Whoisthespeakertalkingto?A.Instructors.B.Managers.C.Researchers.18.Whatisthelastsubject?A.Publicrelations.B.Budgetingandfinancing.C.Managingqualityandoperations.19.Whatshouldthelistenersdoweekly?A.Chooseasubject.B.Talkwithagraduate.C.Doreadingtasks.20.Howcanthelistenersgetthemostinthecourse?A.Byreadingbusinessstories.B.Byhavingdiscussionswithclassmates.CBypayingattentiontotheresearchresults.第二部分閱讀(共兩節(jié)，滿分50分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出最佳選項。A2023HotList:TheBestNewRestaurantsintheWorldOurglobalteamspenttheyearresearching,visiting,andvettingtheentriestobringyouadefinitivedirectoryofthebestnewrestaurants.LaSemilla—AtlantaThislittletropicalareaservesupsomeofthetastiestplantbaseddishesinthecity.MarriedduoSophiaMarcheseandchefReidTrapanifilledthespacewithuniquepersonaltouches,suchasvintagedecorationandhandpaintedbananaleavesonthebar’sceiling.Marcheseselectsdrinksmatchingtheplace.Trapani’sdishespayhonortoMarchese’sCubanheritageandhistravelstoLatinAmerica.Thestarofthemenumaybethesoupmadewithlocallion’smanemushrooms.LeDoyenné—SaintVrain,FranceAustralianchefsJamesHenryandShaunKellytransformedtheformerstables(馬廄)intoaworkingfarm,restaurant,andguesthousedrivenbytheprinciplesofregenerativeagriculture.Morethanonehundredvarietiesoffruits,vegetables,andherbsmaketheirwayintoHenry’scookingafterbeingcarefullynurturedbyKelly.MipaChava—MexicoCitySeafoodisahangovercureinMexico,andalmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.Onthesidewalk,crowdsoflocalsandtouristsalikelineupforfishermanSalvadorOrozco’screativetakesonSinaloaandBajaseafood.Anythingfromtherawhalfofthemenuisasurebet,thoughcookeddisheslikefishcanhelpfilloutameal.Vilas—BangkokCanadishinspiredbyaSpanishrecipeusingJapaneseingredientsstillbeconsideredThai?ForChefPrinPolsuk,oneofBangkok’smostacclaimedThaichefs,itmostcertainlycan.Athislatestrestaurant,asmalldiningroomatthebaseofBangkok’slandmarkKingPowerMahanakhonTower,hegetsideasfromKingChulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandcookingtechniquesheaddedtotheroyalcookbooks.1.WhatcanyoudoinLaSemilla?A.Tastethemushroomsoup.B.SampleAmericancuisines.C.Enjoydeliciousmeatbaseddishes.D.Decoratethespacewithpersonalstyles.2.Whatisthebestchoiceforpeoplesufferingfromtheeffectofalcohol?A.LaSemilla. B.LeDoyenné.C.MipaChava. D.Vilas.3.WhatmakesVilasontheList?A.ItscuisinecookedbyJapanesechefs.B.ItsdishespraisedbyKingChulalongkorn.C.ItslocationatKingPowerMahanakhonTower.D.Itscoursesaddingforeignflavorstoformtheirstyle.【答案】1.A2.C3.D【解析】【分析】這是一篇應用文。文章介紹了幾家熱門的新餐廳的特色?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)LaSemillaAtlanta標題下“Thestarofthemenumaybethesoupmadewithlocallion’smanemushrooms.”（菜單上的明星可能是用當?shù)氐莫{人菇做的湯。）可知，人們在LaSemillaAtlanta可以品嘗蘑菇湯。故選A項。【2題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)MipaChava—MexicoCity標題下“SeafoodisahangovercureinMexico,andalmosteveryoneeatinghereisdevotedtofixinglastnight’sdamagefromdrunkennessandgettingaheadstartoncreatingtoday’s.”（在墨西哥，海鮮是解宿醉的良藥，幾乎每個在這里吃飯的人都致力于修復昨晚醉酒造成的損害，并為今天的創(chuàng)造做準備。）可知，對于受酒精影響的人來說，MipaChava是最好的選擇。故選C項?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)Vilas—Bangkok標題下“Athislatestrestaurant,asmalldiningroomatthebaseofBangkok’slandmarkKingPowerMahanakhonTower,hegetsideasfromKingChulalongkorn’s1897journeyaroundEuropeandtheforeigningredientsandcookingtechniquesheaddedtotheroyalcookbooks.”（在他最新的餐廳里，他從1897年朱拉隆功國王的歐洲之旅以及他添加到皇家食譜中的外國食材和烹飪技術中汲取靈感。）可知，讓維拉斯上榜的原因是它的菜肴加入了外國風味，形成了自己的風格。故選D項。BAfewyearsago,wecelebratedFrankenstein’s200thbirthday.Thisfamousbook,writtenbyBritishnovelistMaryShelley(1797—1851),isrightlyknownasthefirstworkofsciencefiction.Frankensteinisthenameofadoctorwhocreatesacreaturefromhumanbodyparts.Thedoctor’sambitionsforhisworkarenoble,buthisexperimenthasdisastrousresults.Shelleywaswritinginanagewhensciencewasbeginningtohaveagreatimpactontheworld.Peoplehaddifferentattitudestowardsciencebackthen.Somefounditinspiringtheythoughtoftheprogressmedicinewasmakingincuringmonillnesses.Butothersfounditalittlefrightening—itwaschangingthe,makingitalotlessfamiliar.Scienceplaysabiggerpartinourlivesthanitdidtwocenturiesago.Today,sciencehasbroughtusgreatthingsliketheinternet,butalsonuclearweapons,which,ifusedinlargenumbers,couldkilloffourspecies.SciencestillthereforecreatesthemixedfeelingsitdidinShelley’sday.It’sbecauseShelleysawboththepromiseandthedangerofsciencethatshe’sstillaninfluencetoday.Infact,thesubtitleofthebook,TheModernPrometheus(普羅米修斯),showshowimportantmyth(神話)wastothewriter.Prometheus,afigurefromclassicalGreekmythology,writtenbyancientGreekplaywrightSophocles,stealsfirefromthegodsandgivesittopeople,anactforwhichheisterriblypunished.Shelley’shusband,thefamouspoetPercyShelley,wroteabouthiminPrometheusUnbound.Inthepoem,heisarevolutionaryhero,whotriumphsoverthegods.InMaryShelley’sbook,however,hermodernPrometheus.DrFrankenstein,isahighlycontroversialfigure,whosacrificeshishomeandlifeforhiscrazyaddictiontohiscreation.Inshort,MaryShelley’sbookisnotjustascaryandmovingstory,butaphilosophicaltalethat,evenafter200years,stillspeakstomodernreaders.4.WhatcanweknowaboutDrFrankensteinandthecreaturehemade?A.Hecreateditwithanimalparts.B.Hemanagedtokillitintheend.C.Hecreateditwithgoodintentions.D.Hewasawareofitsdangersbeforeitscreation.5.Whydotoday’sreadersstillrelatetoMaryShelley?A.Herworkdiscusseswhatitmeanstobehuman.B.Herworkwarnspeopleofthetwosidesofscience.C.Herworkexplainsthatanylifedeservesourrespect.D.Herworkprovestheimportantroleofscienceinlife.6.paredwithPrometheusinGreekmythology,DrFrankenstein_______.A.isarevolutionaryhero B.hasinspiredmanypoetsC.causessomedisagreement D.sufferslittleforwhathedoes7.Whatisthetext?A.Abookreview. B.Anewsreport.C.Ashortstory. D.Abiography.【答案】4.C5.B6.C7.A【解析】【導語】本文是一篇書評。介紹了作家MaryShelley的經(jīng)典小說Frankenstein的寫作背景，創(chuàng)作意圖，文化內(nèi)涵，重點挖掘其對現(xiàn)代社會的啟示?！?題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段“Frankensteinisthenameofadoctorwhocreatesacreaturefromhumanbodyparts.Thedoctor’sambitionsforhisworkarenoble,buthisexperimenthasdisastrousresults.(弗蘭肯斯坦是一個醫(yī)生的名字，他從人體部位創(chuàng)造了一個生物。這位醫(yī)生對他的工作有崇高的抱負，但他的實驗卻產(chǎn)生了災難性的結(jié)果。)”可知，DrFrankenstein創(chuàng)造那個生物的初衷是好的。故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“It’sbecauseShelleysawboththepromiseandthedangerofsciencethatshe’sstillaninfluencetoday.(正是因為雪萊看到了科學的希望和危險，她今天仍然有影響力。)”可知，今天的讀者仍然對MaryShelley感興趣是因為她的作品提醒人們注意科學的兩面性。故選B。【6題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“Prometheus,afigurefromclassicalGreekmythology,writtenbyancientGreekplaywrightSophocles,stealsfirefromthegodsandgivesittopeople,anactforwhichheisterriblypunished.(Prometheus是古希臘劇作家Sophocles創(chuàng)作的古典希臘神話中的一個人物，他從眾神那里偷火給人，因此受到了嚴厲的懲罰。)”和“DrFrankenstein,isahighlycontroversialfigure,whosacrificeshishomeandlifeforhiscrazyaddictiontohiscreation.(DrFrankenstein是一個極具爭議的人物，他為了瘋狂沉迷于自己的發(fā)明而犧牲了自己的家庭和生活。)”可知，與希臘神話中的Prometheus相比，DrFrankenstein引起了一些爭論，故選C?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。通讀全文，尤其是第一段“Thisfamousbook,writtenbyBritishnovelistMaryShelley(1797—1851),isrightlyknownasthefirstworkofsciencefiction.Frankensteinisthenameofadoctorwhocreatesacreaturefromhumanbodyparts.Thedoctor’sambitionsforhisworkarenoble,buthisexperimenthasdisastrousresults.(這部由英國小說家MaryShelley(17971851)所著的名著，被公認為是科幻小說的第一部。弗蘭肯斯坦是一位醫(yī)生的名字，他用人類的身體部位創(chuàng)造出一種生物。這位醫(yī)生對他的工作有崇高的抱負，但他的實驗卻產(chǎn)生了災難性的結(jié)果。)”可知，這是一篇書評，介紹了作家MaryShelley的經(jīng)典小說Frankenstein的寫作背景，創(chuàng)作意圖，文化內(nèi)涵，重點挖掘其對現(xiàn)代社會的啟示。故選A。CGeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth’shistory—alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting(漂移),leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?TheseabedstructuresuggeststhatthecontinentdriftednorthwestwardandendedupSoutheastAsia.Butsurprisingly,thereisnolargecontinenthiddenbeneaththoseislands,onlysmallcontinentalfragments(碎片)surroundedbyancientoceanicbasins.Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn’treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa“veryextendedandfragmentedcollection”undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragmentsthatweredispersed,whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent’sgeologicalfeatures.However,withadvancedtechnologyandthediscovery,scientistscannowpiecethemtogether.Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland’swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostpletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos—animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.ThestoryofArgolandisnotoneofpletedisappearancebutoftransformation.Astheworldcontinuestoevolve,thislostcontinentservesasapowerfulsymbolofthefragilityoflifeonthisplanet,andareminderoftheimportanceofrespectingandprotectingtheworldthatwelivein.8.WhatdoweknowaboutArgoland?A.Itsplitintotwopiecesmanyyearsago.B.ItbrokeawayfromthecontinentofAfrica.C.ItsanktothebottomoftheArgoAbyssalPlain.D.ItexistsasfragmentsundertheeasternislandsofIndonesia.9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“dispersed”inparagraph3probablymean?A.Crashed. B.Connected. C.Distributed. D.Disappeared.10.Whydoestheauthormentionthe“Wallaceline”inparagraph4?A.TointroducetheearlyhistoryofArgoland.B.TostressthesignificanceoftracingArgoland.C.ToprovethebiodiversityofSoutheastAsianislands.D.ToexplaintheevolutionaryprocessofAustralianspecies.11.Whichofthefollowingisthebesttitleforthetext?A.TheDiscoveryofaLostContinent B.TheBoundariesofWildlifeHabitatsC.TheGeologicalFeaturesofArgoland D.TheFormationoftheArgoAbyssalPlain【答案】8D9.C10.B11.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。本篇文章主要圍繞科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了1.55億年前“消失的”阿爾戈大陸而展開。文章解釋了阿爾戈大陸早年從澳大利亞大陸分離，往西北方向漂移，最終在印度尼西亞島嶼的東部以廣泛分散的碎片形式被發(fā)現(xiàn)。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對于科學家們研究生物多樣性以及東南亞島嶼上神秘的華萊士線都有著重要的意義。【8題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段“Usingthistheory,geologistsatUtrechtUniversitydiscoveredthatArgolandhadn’treallydisappearedbutsurvivedasa“veryextendedandfragmentedcollection”undertheislandstotheeastofIndonesia.(利用這一理論，烏特勒支大學的地質(zhì)學家發(fā)現(xiàn)，阿爾戈大陸并沒有真正消失，而是作為一個“非常廣泛并分散的集合體”存在于印度尼西亞東部的島嶼下方)”可知，阿爾戈大陸是以碎片的形式存在于印度尼西亞東部島嶼之下。故選D項。【9題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞上文“UnlikeothercontinentslikeAfricaandSouthAmerica,whichbrokeneatlyintotwopieces,Argolandsplitintomanysmallerfragments”可知，阿爾戈大陸不像非洲和南美洲那樣是整齊地分裂成兩部分，阿爾戈蘭大陸分裂成許多較小的碎片，再結(jié)合畫線詞下文“whichmadeitdifficultforscientiststolocateandstudythecontinent’sgeologicalfeatures”可知，這使得科學家很難確定它的位置并研究它的地質(zhì)特征。然而，利用先進的技術和這項新發(fā)現(xiàn)，科學家們現(xiàn)在能夠?qū)⑺鼈兤礈惼饋?。故畫線詞所在句應表示阿爾戈大陸分裂成許多“分散的”小碎片。“Distributed”意為“分散的”，符合語境，故選C項?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段“Tracingthecontinentsisvitalforunderstandingprocessesliketheevolutionofbiodiversity.ItcouldhelpexplainsomethingknownasthemysteriousWallaceline,whichisanimaginaryboundarythatseparatesmammals,birds,andevenearlyhumanspeciesinSoutheastAsianislands.Theboundaryhaspuzzledscientistsbecauseofhowclearlyitseparatestheisland’swildlife.Tothewestofthelineareplacentalmammalslikeapesandelephants.Butthesearealmostpletelyabsenttotheeast,whereyoucanfindmarsupialsandcockatoos—animalstypicallyassociatedwithAustralia.ResearchershavetheorizedthatthismaybebecauseArgolandcarrieditsownwildlifeawayfromAustraliabeforeitcrashedintoSoutheastAsia,whichhelpsexplainwhydifferentspeciesarefoundindifferentnations.(追溯大陸的變遷對于我們理解生物多樣性的發(fā)展過程至關重要。這有助于解釋神秘的華萊士線，它是一條虛構的邊界，將東南亞島嶼上的哺乳動物、鳥類甚至早期人類物種分隔開來。這條邊界之所以令科學家困惑，是因為它清晰地劃分了島嶼上的野生動物。在這條線的西側(cè)是類似猿和大象的胎盤哺乳動物，但這些動物在該線的東側(cè)幾乎完全不存在，取而代之的是有袋類動物和鳳頭鸚鵡等通常與澳大利亞相關聯(lián)的動物。研究人員推測，這可能是因為阿爾戈大陸帶著自己的野生動物從澳大利亞漂移至東南亞，這有助于解釋為什么不同的物種分布在不同的國家)”可推知，第四段提及“華萊士線”旨在強調(diào)追溯阿爾戈大陸的意義。故選B項?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段“GeologistshavelongbeenfascinatedbyamissingpieceofEarth’shistory—alostcontinentcalledArgoland.Around155millionyearsago,the5,000kilometercontinentbrokeofffromWesternAustraliaandbegandrifting(漂移),leavingbehindabasindeepbelowtheoceanknownastheArgoAbyssalPlain.ButwheredidArgolandactuallygo?(長期以來，地質(zhì)學家一直對地球歷史上缺失的一段歷史著迷——一塊名為阿爾戈蘭的失落大陸。大約1.55億年前，這塊5000公里長的大陸從西澳大利亞分離出來，開始漂流，在海洋深處留下了一個盆地，被稱為阿爾戈深海平原。但阿爾戈蘭到底去了哪里？)”結(jié)合本篇文章主要圍繞科學家發(fā)現(xiàn)了1.55億年前“消失的”阿爾戈大陸而展開。文章解釋了阿爾戈大陸早年從澳大利亞大陸分離，往西北方向漂移，最終在印度尼西亞島嶼的東部以廣泛分散的碎片形式被發(fā)現(xiàn)。這一發(fā)現(xiàn)對于科學家們研究生物多樣性以及東南亞島嶼上神秘的華萊士線都有著重要的意義。結(jié)合選項，A項“失落大陸的發(fā)現(xiàn)”能夠概括文章主旨，故選A項。DScientistshavediscoveredanewwayofadministeringoxygentothebloodwhichcouldallowpeopletostayalivewithoutbreathing.Theprocedure,whichworksbyinjectingoxygenmoleculesenclosedinfattymoleculesdirectlyintothebloodstream,couldextendanextra30minutesoflifewhentheycannotbreathe.JohnKheir,adoctoroftheBostonChildren’sHospital,wasinspiredtobeginhisgroundbreakingresearchafterheexperiencedapatient’stragicdeath,accordingtoScienceDaily.Hewasoperatingonayounggirlwhosepneumonialedtodeadlybraindamageafterdoctorswereunabletoplaceheronabreathingmachineintimetosaveher.Inresponse,DrKheirstartedworkingontheideaofinsertingoxygendirectlyintotheblood.Earlyexperimentsshowedthattheinterventioncouldintheorybeverysuccessful,hesaid,“Wedreweachother’sblood,mixeditinatest.tubewiththemicroparticles,andwatchedbluebloodturnimmediatelyred,rightbeforeoureyes.”However,injectingpureoxygenintothebloodstreamingasformfailedmiserablywhenitwasattempted100yearsago,asitformeddangerousbubblesintheveins.MuchofDrKheir’sresearchthereforeinvolvedfindingasubstancewhichcouldsurroundtheoxygenandallowittobesuspendedinaliquidforinjectionintothebody.Hefoundthatusingfattymoleculeswasthebestwaytokeepoxygenafterusingsoundwavestotrapthetwosubstancestogetherintosmallparticlesthatcanonlybeseenwiththehelpofa.microscope.Theparticleswerethenmadeupintoaliquidwhichisveryheavilyoxygenated—carrying“threetofourtimestheoxygencontentofourownredbloodcells”,accordingtoDrKheir.Whenusedonhumans,theoxygencouldprobablylastforupto30minutes,thoughinjectingitforanylongercoulddamagethepatient’sblood.“Thisisashorttermoxygensubstitute—awaytosafelyinjectoxygengastosupportpatientsduringacriticalfewminutes,”DrKheirsaid.Headdedthathethoughtthetechniquecouldbeeroutinefordoctorsdealingwithemergencysituations.12.Whatisthesecondparagraphmainlyabout?A.JohnKheirmadeamistakeinanoperation.B.AnincidentenlightenedJohnKheir’sresearch.C.JohnKheirfailedtoinjectoxygentoagirl’sblood.D.AyoungpatientdiedtragicallyinJohnKheir’sresearch.13.Whatproblemmayleadtothefailureofprevioustrials?A.Thebluebloodcanturnredonlyintheory.B.Themicroparticlesfailtomixwithoxygen.C.Administeringoxygentothebloodisdifficult.D.Oxygengasinsertedmaycausemoreseriousproblems.14.HowdidDrKheirsolvetheproblemtosuccessfullyinjectoxygentotheblood?A.Tosurroundoxygenmoleculeswithfat. B.Tousesoundwavestoturngasintoliquid.C.Toinvolvemoreoxygenintoredbloodcells. D.Tofindaliquidwiththeaidofamicroscope.15.WhatisDrKheir’sattitudetowardsthenewway?A.Unclear. B.Doubtful. C.Subjective. D.Hopeful.【答案】12.B13.D14.A15.D【解析】【導語】這是一篇說明文。文章主要說明了科學家們發(fā)現(xiàn)了一種向血液輸送氧氣的新方法，這種方法可以讓人在沒有呼吸的情況下存活下來。這項手術通過將包裹在脂肪分子中的氧分子直接注射到血液中，可以在患者無法呼吸時延長30分鐘的生命。【12題詳解】主旨大意題。根據(jù)第二段“JohnKheir,adoctoroftheBostonChildren’sHospital,wasinspiredtobeginhisgroundbreakingresearchafterheexperiencedapatient’stragicdeath,accordingtoScienceDaily.Hewasoperatingonayounggirlwhosepneumonialedtodeadlybraindamageafterdoctorswereunabletoplaceheronabreathingmachineintimetosaveher.(據(jù)《每日科學》報道，波士頓兒童醫(yī)院的醫(yī)生約翰·凱爾在經(jīng)歷了一位病人的悲慘死亡后，受到啟發(fā)，開始了他開創(chuàng)性的研究。他當時正在給一名患有肺炎的小女孩做手術，這名女孩的腦部受到了致命的損傷，因為醫(yī)生沒能及時將她放在呼吸機上)”可知，第二段的主要內(nèi)容是一件事啟發(fā)了JohnKheir的研究。故選B?！?3題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“However,injectingpureoxygenintothebloodstreamingasformfailedmiserablywhenitwasattempted100yearsago,asitformeddangerousbubblesintheveins.(然而，100年前，將純氧以氣體形式注入血液的嘗試失敗了，因為它在靜脈中形成了危險的氣泡)”可知，注入的氧氣可能會導致更嚴重的問題可能導致之前的試驗失敗。故選D?！?4題詳解】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段“MuchofDrKheir’sresearchthereforeinvolvedfindingasubstancewhichcouldsurroundtheoxygenandallowittobesuspendedinaliquidforinjectionintothebody.Hefoundthatusingfattymoleculeswasthebestwaytokeepoxygenafterusingsoundwavestotrapthetwosubstancestogetherintosmallparticlesthatcanonlybeseenwiththehelpofa.microscope.Theparticleswerethenmadeupintoaliquidwhichisveryheavilyoxygenated—carrying“threetofourtimestheoxygencontentofourownredbloodcells”,accordingtoDrKheir.(因此，凱爾醫(yī)生的大部分研究都涉及到尋找一種物質(zhì)，這種物質(zhì)可以包圍氧氣，并使其懸浮在液體中，以便注射到體內(nèi)。他發(fā)現(xiàn)，使用脂肪分子是保存氧氣的最好方法，之前他使用聲波將兩種物質(zhì)困在一起，形成只有借助顯微鏡才能看到的小顆粒。然后，這些顆粒被制成一種含氧量很高的液體，據(jù)凱爾醫(yī)生說，這種液體攜帶的氧含量是人體紅細胞的三到四倍)”可知，通過用脂肪包圍氧分子解決向血液中成功注入氧氣的問題。故選A?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段““Thisisashorttermoxygensubstitute—awaytosafelyinjectoxygengastosupportpatientsduringacriticalfewminutes,”DrKheirsaid.Headdedthathethoughtthetechniquecouldbeeroutinefordoctorsdealingwithemergencysituations.(“這是一種短期的氧氣替代品——一種在關鍵的幾分鐘內(nèi)安全注射氧氣來支持病人的方法，”海爾博士說。他補充說，他認為這項技術可以成為醫(yī)生處理緊急情況的常規(guī)方法)”可推知，Kheir對這種新方法充滿希望。故選D。第二節(jié)(共5小題;每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分)閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。Choosingamajorincollegeisanimportantdecision.It’soneofthefirstbigindependentdecisionsofyouracademicandprofessionallife.Hereissomepracticaladvice.Tobeginwith,don’tchooseamajormerelybasedonmoney,otherwisemistakeswillhappen.____16____Canyouseeyourselfinvestingthenext40yearsinthiscareerwithoutgettingbored?Actually,choosingamajorwithhighpayingcareerwon’tguaranteeyouahighpayingjob.Itdependsonpositionopeningsandyourpetitorswhenyougraduate.____17____Youwanttopicksomethingthatinterestsyou,butyouneedtobesureyouwon’tgetsickofitastimeprogresses.____18____Ahobbyisapursuitoutsideone’sregularoccupationforrelaxationwhilepassionfortsyouanddrivesyoucrazyatthesametime.Itisn’trelaxing.Itinsertsitselfintoyourlife.Whenyouchoosetostudyyourhobbyandbuildyourlifearoundit,itcanloseitsappealandwon’tberelaxing.Additionally,neverchooseamajorbyfeelinginsteadofresearch.Beinginterestedinamajorisn’tenough.Researchingthefieldwillensureyoutochoosearightmajor.Ifyouknowsomeoneinthefield,askthemforsomeinformation.Besides,considertheentirejourneyyou’llpursue—thecoursework,themajordemands,theschooltimeyou’llneed,andtheavailablejobprospects.____19____Lastly,don’talwaysdependonyourparents.Theopinionsofyourfamilyaren’tsomethingtoignore.____20____Ifanyonewantstohelpyouinchoosingamajorandyoupletelyagreewiththeiropinions,thengowithit.Butifyouwantyourfuturetogoinanyotherdirection,speakup.Theonlywaytogetthebestouteistoshapeyourownfuture.A.However,thechoiceisultimatelyyours.B.Next,ahobbyisnevermeanttobeyourpriority.C.Besides,keepabalancebetweenhobbiesandrelaxation.D.Typically,peoplewillconfusetheirhobbieswiththeirpassions.E.Youshouldalsoconsideryourpassions,dislikes,andhappiness.F.Remembercollegeisaninvestmentofbothyourtimeandmoney.G.Ifyou’repassionateaboutamajorafterresearch,followyourheart.【答案】16.E17.B18.D19.G20.A【解析】【導語】這是一篇應用文。文章主要講述了一些實用的關于大學里選擇專業(yè)的建議?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)前文“Tobeginwith,don’tchooseamajormerelybasedonmoney,otherwisemistakeswillhappen.(首先，不要僅僅根據(jù)金錢來選擇專業(yè)，否則會出錯)”提出不能僅僅根據(jù)金錢來選擇專業(yè)，那么，設空句緊跟其后，應講述其他依據(jù)。選項E“Youshouldalsoconsideryourpassions,dislikes,andhappiness.(你還應該考慮你的激情、厭惡和幸福)”提出了依據(jù)“激情，厭惡和幸福”，且用“also”與前文構成遞進關系，前后銜接緊密。故選E項?！?7題詳解】設空句為該段中心主旨句。根據(jù)后文“Youwanttopicksomethingthatinterestsyou,butyouneedtobesureyouwon’tgetsickofitastimeprogresses.(你想選擇一些你感興趣的東西，但你需要確保你不會隨著時間的推移而厭倦它)”以及該段末尾句“Whenyouchoosetostudyyourhobbyandbuildyourlifearoundit,itcanloseitsappealandwon’tberelaxing.(當你選擇研究你的愛好并圍繞它建立你的生活時，它可能會失去吸引力，也不會放松)”可知，該段強調(diào)在以興趣愛好為條件進行專業(yè)選擇時，要慎重，即，沒有必要以興趣愛好為首要選擇。選項B“Next,ahobbyisnevermeanttobeyourpriority.(其次，愛好從來都不是你的首要選擇)”貼合該段主旨，且“Next”與前后段的主旨句構成緊密的邏輯順序關系。故選B項?！?8題詳解】根據(jù)后文“Ahobbyisapursuitoutsideone’sregularoccupationforrelaxationwhilepassionfortsyouanddrivesyoucrazyatthesametime.(愛好是一種在日常工作之外的放松追求，而激情既能安慰你，又能讓你發(fā)瘋)”講述了愛好和激情的不同，而設空處的前一句“Youwanttopicksomethingthatinterestsyou,butyouneedtobesureyouwon’tgetsickofitastimeprogresses.(你想挑選一些你感興趣的東西，但你需要確保隨著時間的推移，你不會厭倦它)”提出了“感興趣的東西不一定能長久保持激情”這一含義，那么，設空句作為中間句，應具有過渡的作用，既呼應話題“興趣和激情”，也能引出后文內(nèi)容。選項D“Typically,peoplewillconfusetheirhobbieswiththeirpassions.(通常，人們會混淆他們的愛好和激情)”呼應話題，且在句意上可引領后文，符合分析。故選D項?！?9題詳解】分析可知，設空處為該段末尾句，應是呼應主旨句，且起到總結(jié)的作用。主旨句“Additionally,neverchooseamajorbyfeelinginsteadofresearch.(此外，永遠不要憑感覺而不是研究來選擇專業(yè))”強調(diào)要經(jīng)過調(diào)研再確定專業(yè)選擇，選項G“Ifyou’repassionateaboutamajorafterresearch,followyourheart.(如果你在研究之后對某個專業(yè)充滿熱情，那就用心去做吧)”在表達上再次強調(diào)了“調(diào)研”，呼應主旨，且在句意上可作為該段的總結(jié)句，符合分析。故選G項?！?0題詳解】分析可知，設空處前文“Theopinionsofyourfamilyaren’tsomethingtoignore.(你的家人的意見不容忽視)”與后文“Ifanyonewantstohelpyouinchoosingamajorandyoupletelyagreewiththeiropinions,thengowithit.Butifyouwantyourfuturetogoinanyotherdirection,speakup.(如果有人想幫助你選擇專業(yè)，而你完全同意他們的意見，那就去做吧。但如果你想讓你的未來朝著其他方向發(fā)展，那就大聲說出來)”存在轉(zhuǎn)折關系，那么設空句應是轉(zhuǎn)折句，且強調(diào)“自己的選擇最重要”這一含義。選項A“However,thechoiceisultimatelyyours.(然而，最終選擇權在你)”在句意上符合分析，“However”與前文構成轉(zhuǎn)折。故選A項。第三部分語言運用(共兩節(jié)，滿分30分)第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題1分，滿分15分)閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。AnextremesportlikeBMX(BicycleMotocross)maynotbethefirstthingthatestomindtohelpovereamentalhealthcondition.However,thatis____21____whatenabledNikitaDucarroztofightherfears.Asachild,Ducarrozspentevery___22___momentonthesoccerfield.Butat13,thetalentedathletebegantosufferfrom____23____anxietyattacksthatmadeithardforhertoleavehome.Whenhermothertoldhershehadtocontinueplayingasport,DucarrozfoundBMXasawayto____24____thatrule.LittledidsheknowthatBMXwouldsoon____25____everyaspectofherlife,andbeethereasonshewouldpushthroughherfearsonestepatatime.ThetalebeganwhenaBMXvideoonYouTubeinspiredhertotrytheextremesport.Shesavedupforabike.Thenshebeganpracticing____26____inherdriveway.Soon,herexcellentskillsbroughtherenough____27____torideatthelocalskatepark.Withthatconfidence,Ducarrozwas____28____torideinthepetitionin2016,andshehasnotlookedbacksince.“Thebikemademegetoutofthehouse,gototheskatepark,and____29____getonaplane,”saidDucarroz.“It_____30_____metoovere