重慶市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期十月月考試題以及參考答案

重慶市2023年高三《英語》上學(xué)期十月月考試題與參考答案第一部分：聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）做題時(shí)先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂到答題卡上。第一節(jié)（共5小題：每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）聽下面5段對話。每段對話后有一個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽完每段對話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對話僅讀一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanthinkthewomanoughttodo?A.Loseanotherfivepounds.B.Buysomenewclothes.C.Begladaboutgainingweight.2.Whoisatthedoor?A.Adeliveryboy.B.Apostman.C.Theirneighbor.3.Wheredoestheconversationprobablytakeplace?A.Onthetelephone.B.Atthelibrary.C.Inaclassroom.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthebook?A.Interesting.B.Awful.C.Boring.5.Whydoesthewomansuggestrelaxing?A.Becausethey’vebeenworkinghardattheirjobs.B.Becausethey’vebeenstudyinghardforsometime.C.BecausetheythinkthatHamletisworthseeing.第二節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）聽下面5段對話或獨(dú)白。每段對話或獨(dú)白后有幾個小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個小題，每小題5秒鐘;聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。聽下面一段對話，回答第6至第8三個小題。6.Whydothetwospeakershopeforsunnydays?A.Becausetheyfeelboredwiththechangeableweather.B.Becausetheycan’tdoanythingintherain.C.Becausetheyareworryingabouttheirvegetables.7.Whatwilltheweatherprobablybelikethisafternoon?A.Cloudy.B.Warm.C.Foggy.8.Whatistheweatherlikenow?A.Itissunny.B.Itiscloudy.C.Itisrainy.聽下面一段對話，回答第9至第11三個小題。9.Whywasthemanlate?A.Becausehewascaughtinatrafficjam.B.Becausehemissedtheearliestbus.C.Becausehehadtoattendameetinginthemorning.10.Whenwasthemanabletoseetheheadmaster?A.Rightnow.B.Afterthemeeting.C.Beforethemeeting.11.Whatisthemangoingtodotomorrow?A.Buyanewbike.B.Askhisfatherforadvice.C.Getupearlier.聽下面一段對話，回答第12至第14三個小題。12.WhatisAnndoingnow?A.WatchingTV.B.Readingthenewspaper.C.Readingbooks.13.WhatwilltheweatherbelikeinLondon?A.Rainyandwindy.B.Fineandcloudy.C.Cloudyandwindy.14.Whichcitywillhavethehighesttemperature?A.Beijing.B.London.C.NewYork.聽下面一段對話，回答第15至第17三個小題。15.Whycouldn’tthewomangetgoodgradesaccordingtotheman?A.Becauseshehasn’tgotthecorrectwayoflearning.B.Becauseshedidn’tlistentotheteacherattentively.C.Becauseshedidn’tknowhowtomakegoodnotes.16.Whatdoweknowaboutthewoman?A.Shehasbeenstudyinghardsincesecondaryschool.B.Shefailedtheexamsoftwosubjectsthisterm.C.Shespentmuchtimeinstudying.17.Whatdoesthemanusuallydoafterclass?A.Doexercises.B.Markthekeypoints.C.Reviewthelessons.聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至第20三個小題。18.WhenwastheGreatExhibitionofIndustriesofAllNationsfirstheld?A.In1815.B.In1851.C.In1915.19.Howmanypeoplewillliveincitiesby2010?A.About65％oftheworldpopulation.B.About55％oftheworldpopulation.C.About50%oftheworldpopulation.20.Whatcanwelearnfromthetalk?A.The2010Expositionwilllast186days.B.The2010Expositionplanstoattract90millionvisitors.C.ShanghaiDeclarationwillbeissuedattheendoftheevent.第二部分：閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1.5分，滿分37.5分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。ATheBestFourSoccerClubsinTorontoTorontoishometoanumberofsoccerclubs.Ifyouareinterestedinsoccer,let’stakealookatfourbestsoccerclubsinToronto.CherryBeachSoccerClubCherryBeachSoccerClub,whichfirstopeneditsdoorin2009,nowhas56houseleagues,10competitiveteamsandsixadultteams.Theyprovide30,000childrenandyoungpeopleinthedowntownareawithhigh-qualityandlow-costsoccerlessons.Itoffersarecreationalhouseleague,development,andcompetitivesoccerforthoseagedfivetothirty.Phone:（416）367-4359NorthSoccerClubNorthSoccerClub,whichwasestablishedin1980,isawelcomingenvironmentforeveryonewhoenjoyssoccerorwantstotrysomethingnew.Youdon’tneedtobeconcernedaboutyourqualificationsorexperience.However,totakepartinpractice,youmustfirstcompleteahealthcheck.ItoffersaSpecialOlympicsprogramforplayerswithintellectualdisabilities.Thefeerangeisfrom$230to$270.Phone:（416）924-9911PowerSoccerClubPowerSoccerClubfoundedin1996byaformerGalwayUnitedplayer,hasgrownuptobeoneofCanada’smostfamoussoccerschools.Youwillforsureprogressinyourskilldevelopmentwithaactiveandengagingtrainingsessions.Thefeecanrangefrom$210to$315.NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClubNorthYorkHeartsSoccerClubwasfoundedin1990.Thisclubexposeseveryonewholovessportstothehistoryofsoccerwiththehelpofagroupofskilledsportscoachesandprofessors.Thefeerangeisfrom$210to$320.Phone:（416）650-57431.Whichclubwasfoundedinthe21stcentury?A.NorthSoccerClub. B.CherryBeachSoccerClub.C.PowerSoccerClub. D.NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClub.2.WhatisrequiredforpeopletojoinNorthSoccerClub?A.Richexperience. B.Awisemind.C.Ahealthcheck. D.Acuriousheart.3.Tolearnthehistoryofsoccer,youshouldcall________tosignup.A.（416）367-4359 B.（416）650-5743C.（416）425-6062 D.（416）924-9911【答案】1.B2.C3.B【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。主要介紹了多倫多最好的四個足球俱樂部?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題CherryBeachSoccerClub下的段落中“CherryBeachSoccerClub,whichfirstopeneditsdoorin2009,nowhas56houseleagues,10competitiveteamsandsixadultteams.（櫻桃海灘足球俱樂部于2009年首次開張，目前擁有56個室內(nèi)聯(lián)賽、10支競技球隊(duì)和6支成人球隊(duì)）”可知，CherryBeachSoccerClub成立于2009年，即21世紀(jì)。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題NorthSoccerClub下的段落中“However,totakepartinpractice,youmustfirstcompleteahealthcheck.（然而，要參加實(shí)踐，您必須首先完成健康檢查）”可知，加入北方足球俱樂部需要先做健康檢查。故選C項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)小標(biāo)題NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClub下的段落中“NorthYorkHeartsSoccerClubwasfoundedin1990.Thisclubexposeseveryonewholovessportstothehistoryofsoccerwiththehelpofagroupofskilledsportscoachesandprofessors.（北約克Hearts足球俱樂部成立于1990年。這個俱樂部在一群技術(shù)精湛的體育教練和教授的幫助下，讓每一個熱愛運(yùn)動的人了解足球的歷史）”以及“Phone:（416）650-5743”可知，如果你想要了解足球的歷史，你應(yīng)該撥打（416）650-5743。故選B項(xiàng)。BScientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtoknowwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.Researchersreportthesystemisabletotellthatlightningstrikesupto30minutesbeforetheyhappenwithina30-kilometerarea.Lightningisastrongburstofelectricityintheatmosphere.Sinceitcarriesanextremelypowerfulelectricalcharge（電荷）,itcanbedestructiveanddeadly.Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.Thesystemtestedintheexperimentsusesacombinationofdatafromweatherstationsandmachinelearningmethods.Theresearchersdevelopedapredictionmodelthatwastrainedtorecognizeweatherconditionsthatwerelikelytocauselightning.Themodelwascreatedwithdatacollectedovera12-yearperiodfrom12Swissweatherstationsincitiesandmountainareas.Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm（算法）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.Researcherssaythealgorithmwasthenabletolearntheconditionsunderwhichlightninghappens.Theresearcherstest-ranthesystemseveraltimes.Theyfoundthatthesystemmadepredictionsthatprovedcorrectalmost80percentofthetime.“Itcannowbeusedanywhere,”theSwissFederalInstituteofTechnologysaidinastatement.TheresearchersplantokeepdevelopingthetechnologyinpartnershipwithaEuropeaneffortthataimstocreatealightningprotectionprogram.TheeffortiscalledtheEuropeanLaserLightningRodproject.Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,takinglightningchargesfromcloudstotheground.Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.4.Whywasthesystemdeveloped?A.Toprotectpeoplefromlightning.B.Toshowthepoweroflightning.C.Tokeeptrackoflightningdeaths.D.Tomeetkids’curiosityaboutlightning.5.Whatisspecialaboutthesystem?A.Itwasbasedonanumberofsamplesworldwide.B.Itadoptedadifferentmachinelearningalgorithm.C.Itusedaneffectivemethodofcollectingdata.D.Itrequiredlowcostofpredictinglightning.6.Whatwilltheresearchersdonextwiththelasertechnology?A.Monitorlightningactivity. B.Preventtheoccurrenceoflightning.C.Produceelectricitywithlightning. D.Directenergyfromlightning.7.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.ASystemofControllingLightning.B.ATheoryofExplainingLightning.C.AMethodofPredictingLightning.D.AModelofCreatingLightning.【答案】4.A5.B6.D7.C【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。本文主要介紹了科學(xué)家們開發(fā)的一種能預(yù)測閃電的系統(tǒng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第二段中的“Europeanresearchershaveestimatedthatbetween6,000and24,000peoplearekilledbylightningworldwideeachyear.Forthisreason,climatescientistshavelongsoughttodevelopmethodstopredictlightning.（歐洲研究人員估計(jì)，全球每年有6000到24000人死于雷擊。由于這個原因，氣候科學(xué)家一直在尋找預(yù)測閃電的方法。）”可知，研究人員一直在尋找預(yù)測閃電的方法是因?yàn)槊磕甓加泻芏嗳怂烙诶讚簦唤Y(jié)合文章最后一段的“Theyhopethatsuchtechnologycanonedaybeusedasprotectionagainstlightningstrikes.Possibleusescouldbeatstations,airportsorplaceswherelargecrowdsgather.（他們希望這樣的技術(shù)有一天能被用于防止雷擊?？赡艿挠猛究赡苁窃谲囌尽C(jī)場或大量人群聚集的地方。）”可推知，研究人員開發(fā)這一系統(tǒng)的目的在于保護(hù)人們免受雷擊。故選A項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第四段中的“Thedata,relatedtofourmainsurfaceconditions:airpressure,airtemperature,relativehumidityandwindspeed,wasplacedintoauniquemachinelearningalgorithm（算法）,whichcomparedittorecordsoflightningstrikes.（這些數(shù)據(jù)與四種主要地表?xiàng)l件有關(guān)：氣壓、空氣溫度、相對濕度和風(fēng)速，這些數(shù)據(jù)被放入一個獨(dú)特的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法中，并與雷擊記錄進(jìn)行比較。）”可知，氣壓、空氣溫度、相對濕度和風(fēng)速等數(shù)據(jù)會放入到一種獨(dú)特的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法中，并與雷擊記錄進(jìn)行比較。由此可知，系統(tǒng)特殊在采用了一種獨(dú)特的機(jī)器學(xué)習(xí)算法。故選B項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章最后一段的“Scientistsworkingontheprojectareexperimentingwithalasertechnologythatcouldsomedaycontrollightningactivity,takinglightningchargesfromcloudstotheground.（從事該項(xiàng)目的科學(xué)家們正在試驗(yàn)一種激光技術(shù)，該技術(shù)有朝一日可以控制閃電活動，將閃電電荷從云層帶到地面。）”可知，科學(xué)家們正在研究一種激光技術(shù)，這種技術(shù)能控制閃電活動，將云層的閃電電荷帶到地面上。由此可推知，有了激光技術(shù)后，科學(xué)家們下一步可能會把目標(biāo)放在閃電產(chǎn)生的能量上。故選D項(xiàng)?！?題詳解】主旨大意題。閱讀文章可知，文章首段首句“Scientistssaytheyhavedevelopedasystemthatusesmachinelearningtoknowwhenandwherelightningwillstrike.（科學(xué)家們表示，他們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種使用機(jī)器來了解閃電何時(shí)何地會發(fā)生的系統(tǒng)。）”提出科學(xué)家們已經(jīng)開發(fā)出一種用機(jī)器來了解閃電會在何時(shí)何地發(fā)生的系統(tǒng)；第二段介紹了開發(fā)該系統(tǒng)的原因；第三、四、五段介紹了該系統(tǒng)的工作原理和研究過程；最后一段介紹了該系統(tǒng)的研究現(xiàn)狀。由此可知，本文主要介紹了這種能預(yù)測閃電的系統(tǒng)。C項(xiàng)“AMethodofPredictingLightning.”最能概括本文主旨。故選C項(xiàng)。CSocialmediaistakingoverourlives:Facebook,Instagram,Twitterandnow,TikTok.Thesesocialmediaplatformshavechangedfromawaytostayconnectedtoanindustrywhereevenkidscanmakemoneyofftheirposts.Whilethismayseemlikeanotheropportunisticinnovation,it’sreallyfullofhiddenfalserealities.Themedianincome（中位收入）recordedintheUnitedStatesofAmericanwasabout$63,000in2018.TikTokerscanmakeanywherefrom$50,000to$150,000foraTikTokbrandpartnership,andTikTokerswithoveramillionfollowerscanmakeupto$30,000amonth—$360,000ayear.Theyaremakingmorethantheaveragepersontryingtofeedtheirfamilyandkeeparoofovertheirheadssimplybypostinga15-secondvideo.Thisismadinmorewaysthanone.Notonlyisitanoverpaid“job”,itpromotesundeservedadmirationfromviewersandafalsesenseofreality.ManyofthesefamousTikTokersarestillteensandtheeffectsoffameatsuchanearlystageinlifemightcauseissueslaterinlife,suchasmentalillness.Teensbetweentheagesof13and17makeup27%ofTikTokviewers,whocanbeeasilyinfluencedbywhattheyarewatching.Theycanputafalsesenseofself-valueintowhotheylookuptoandwhattheyrepresent:money,fame,beingconsideredconventionallyattractive.WhileTikTokhasbecomeagreattoolformarketing,it’simportanttounderstandhowthiscontentaffectsyoungviewers.Ifwe’reconstantlyconsumingcontentthatshowsusallweneedtodotobesuccessfulisbeconventionallyattractiveandposta15-secondvideofeaturinganewdance,itwillchallengeourknowledgeofwhatreallymakessomeonesuccessfulandwillinturnaffectourindividualworkethnics（倫理）.Whataboutthepeoplewhomissbirthdaysandfamilyholidaysduetotheirjobsandaren’tgettingpaidnearlyasmuchastheseTikTokers?RichardColyer,presidentandcreatorofMetaphor,Inc,hadhisownviewonthisissue.“Itsoundsgreatthatkidscanmakemoneyfordoingthelatestdancemovesina15-secondvideo,butweshouldfeedthemindsofkidsandnotjusttheirbankaccounts.TikTokcanbegreatifusedproperly.Moneyaloneisnotgood;technologyaloneisnotgoodandconnectednesscanbebadifitisonlyonline.”Again,asafellowconsumerofTikTok,IdoenjoytheappwhenIhavesometimetokillandneedagoodlaugh.I’mnotagainstsomeonemakingalivingonentertainment,butwhatdoesgettingfamousoffofa15-secondvideoteachyoungpeople?8.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this”inParagraph1referto?A.Socialnetworking. B.Makingmoneyonsocialmedia.C.AjobofferedbyTikTok. D.StayingconnectedtotheInternet.9.WhichisthepossibleinfluenceofTikTokonitsyoungusers?A.Theytendtoliveanadultlifetoosoon.B.Theyareforcedtopayforcertainservices.C.Theyarelikelytodevelopfalsevalues.D.Theymaystopbelievingothersocialmedia.10.WhatcanweinferfromRichardColyer’scomments?A.TikTokcanbeapositiveinfluenceifteensmakegooduseofit.B.YoungTikTokersshouldbebannedfrommakingmoney.C.ItisbettertoinvolveeducationoninvestmentinTikTokvideos.D.Contentsofvideosneedcheckingbeforetheirreleaseonline.11.Whichofthefollowingmightbethebesttitleofthepassage?A.AJobvsAnEntertainmentB.JoinYoungTikTokersC.SayNotoTikTokD.TikTok—AMineofMoney【答案】8.B9.C10.A11.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇說明文。本文闡述了社交媒體從單純的社交軟件變?yōu)橘嶅X工具的現(xiàn)象，并呼吁青少年用戶群體正確使用社交媒體和樹立正確的價(jià)值觀?！?題詳解】詞句猜測題。根據(jù)指代關(guān)系和第一段的“Thesesocialmediaplatformshavetransformedfromawaytostayconnectedtoanindustrywhereevenkidscanmakemoneyofftheirposts.Whilethismayseemlikeanotheropportunisticinnovation,it’sreallyfullofhiddenfalserealities.”（這些社交媒體平臺已經(jīng)從一種保持聯(lián)系的方式轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)橐粋€連孩子都能通過發(fā)帖賺錢的行業(yè)。雖然這看起來像是另一種機(jī)會主義創(chuàng)新，但它確實(shí)充滿了隱藏的非真實(shí)現(xiàn)實(shí)。）可知，this指代上文中“evenkidscanmakemoneyofftheirposts”這一現(xiàn)象，即“在社交媒體上賺錢”。故選B。【9題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段的“Teensbetweentheagesof13and17makeup27%ofTikTokviewers,whocanbeeasilyinfluencedbywhattheyarewatching.Theycanputafalsesenseofself-valueintowhotheylookuptoandwhattheyrepresent:money,fame,beingconsideredconventionallyattractive.”（13至17歲的青少年占TikTok觀眾的27%，他們很容易受到所看內(nèi)容的影響。他們會把一種錯誤的自我價(jià)值感放在他們所崇拜的人和他們所代表的東西上：金錢、名譽(yù)、被認(rèn)為具有傳統(tǒng)吸引力。）可知，孩子們很容易被觀看的內(nèi)容影響，他們可能會建立錯誤的自我價(jià)值觀念，追求傳統(tǒng)意義上更加吸引人的金錢和名譽(yù)，即年輕的用戶可能會樹立不正確的價(jià)值觀。故選C?！?0題詳解】推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段RichardColyer的話“TikTokcanbegreatifusedproperly.”（如果使用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑挘兑艨赡軙呛馨舻模┩浦?，在RichardColyer看來，如果使用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑挘兑艨赡軙η嗌倌暧泻玫挠绊?。故選A?！?1題詳解】主旨大意題。通讀全文并結(jié)合最后一段“Again,asafellowconsumerofTikTok,IdoenjoytheappwhenIhavesometimetokillandneedagoodlaugh.I’mnotagainstsomeonemakingalivingonentertainment,butwhatdoesgettingfamousoffofa15-secondvideoteachyoungpeople?”（而且，作為它的消費(fèi)者，當(dāng)我有時(shí)間消磨，需要大笑的時(shí)候，我的確喜歡這個軟件。我并不反對某人靠娛樂謀生，但是一個15秒的視頻教年輕人什么能出名呢？）可知，本文是觀點(diǎn)對峙類議論文。文章主要闡述了社交媒體從單純的社交軟件變?yōu)橘嶅X工具的現(xiàn)象，并且很多用戶的收入遠(yuǎn)高于普通人。作者認(rèn)為抖音應(yīng)被當(dāng)作娛樂方式，而不是人們賺錢的工具，因?yàn)槎潭痰?5秒視頻并不能教給青少年太多有價(jià)值的東西。因此推斷A項(xiàng)“工作還是娛樂”可以作為本文的最佳標(biāo)題。故選A。DIt’suncertainwhenmanyofficesmayreopen,butit’sclearthevirtualworkrevolutionthatbeganwiththepandemicisn’tgoingaway.AlexiaCambon,researchdirectoratGartner,saysfindingtherightcombinationofin-personandvirtualworkwilltakecreativityandexperimentation.ManagingdirectorDeborahLovichstressesthatcompaniesshouldconsiderthatflexibilityisnotonlyaboutlocation,butalsoaboutthehoursemployeeswork.Alexiaalsopointsouttheimportanceoffindingsolutionsforawholeteam.“WhatCOVID-19taughtusisthatflexworkcannotbeforanindividual.Ithastobefortheteam,”shesays.“Whenthewholeteamistogetheronlineversusawholeteamtogetherinperson,itworks.”Progressiveorganizationsarealsoreconsideringtheirworkplaceculture.“They’rethinkingaboutchangingcultureandleadershiptobemuchmoretrust-based,impact-based,insteadofinput-based,like,Iseeyou,soIthinkyou’reproductive,’comparedto,‘Wow,Iseewhatyou’veaccomplished,andIknowyou’vebeenproductive,””Lovichsays.Lovichseesremoteworkasa“win-win”forcmployeeswhogetmoreflexibilityandemployerswhocanhirepeoplefromanywhereinthecountryoreventheworld.Sheviewsitascreatingequalityintermsofallowingsmalltownstoattracttalentandofferingmoreopportunityforwomentoclimbthecorporateladderwithouthavingtorelocatetheirfamilies,somethingthatshesaysoftentakesabackseatinadual-careerhouschold.Companiesthatrequireareturntoafullyon-sitemodelcouldloseoneinthreeemployees.Lovichagreesthatemployersneedtobecareful.“It’sanemployee’smarketrightnow.Theworldisshortofworkers,andbecauseofthatweshouldreallythinkaboutwhatweneedandfeelconfidentandcourageoustospeakup.Andalotofcompaniesaregettingthat,andsoit’sarealopportunitytoeithershapetheplaceyouworktobetheplaceitneedstobeorgosomeplaceelsethatdoes,”Lovichsays.“Fordecades,we’vebeencontorting（扭曲）ourlivestofitaroundwork，andCOVID-19forcedworktofitaroundlives．”12.WhatdoesAlexiaemphasizeaccordingtothetext?A.Howtomakevirtualworkgoawaysoon.B.Howtocreatevirtualworkcooperatively.C.Howtocombinevirtualworkwithscience.D.Howtofindthebestlocationforvirtualwork13.Whydoprogressiveorganizationschangetheirworkplaceculture?A.Totakecontrolofthedevelopmentofvirtualwork.B.Tocomparecompanyculturewithfirmleadership.C.Tomakeemployeesfeeltrustedanddeveloppositively.D.Topersuademorecompaniestochoosevirtualworksoon.14.WhatdoesLovichthinkofvirtualwork?A.Itisattractivetoallemployees. B.Itisjustbeneficialtoemployers.C.Itispopularamongsmallfirms. D.Itbenefitsbothbossesandworkers.15.Whatdoestheauthormainlywanttotellus?A.Virtualworkisheretostay. B.Advantagesofvirtualwork.C.Befarawayfromflexibility. D.A“win-win“changeforbusiness.【答案】12.B13.C14.D15.A【導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇議論文。文章通過列舉AlexiaCambon和Lovich對于“遠(yuǎn)程工作”的看法，闡述了遠(yuǎn)程工作將繼續(xù)存在。【12題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段“Alexiaalsopointsouttheimportanceoffindingsolutionsforawholeteam.“WhatCOVID-19taughtusisthatflexworkcannotbeforanindividual.Ithastobefortheteam,”shesays.Whenthewholeteamistogetheronlineversusawholeteamtogetherinperson,itworks.”（Alexia還指出了為整個團(tuán)隊(duì)尋找解決方案的重要性。“COVID-19告訴我們，彈性工作不適合個人。必須是為了團(tuán)隊(duì)，”她說?！爱?dāng)整個團(tuán)隊(duì)在網(wǎng)上進(jìn)行交流，而不是整個團(tuán)隊(duì)面對面交流時(shí)，效果會更好?！保┛芍珹lexia強(qiáng)調(diào)了整個團(tuán)隊(duì)找解決方案的重要性，即就是“如何合作創(chuàng)建遠(yuǎn)程工作的重要性”。B項(xiàng)“Howtocreatevirtualworkcooperatively.”（如何合作創(chuàng)建遠(yuǎn)程工作。）符合原文表述，故選B項(xiàng)?！?3題詳解】推理判斷通。根據(jù)文章第四段“Progressiveorganizationsarealsoreconsideringtheirworkplaceculture.“They’rethinkingaboutchangingcultureandleadershiptobemuchmoretrust-based,impact-based,insteadofinput-based,like,Iseeyou,soIthinkyou’reproductive,’comparedto,‘Wow,Iseewhatyou’veaccomplished,andIknowyou’vebeenproductive,””Lovichsays.”（進(jìn)步組織也在重新考慮他們的工作場所文化。洛維奇說：“他們正在考慮改變文化和領(lǐng)導(dǎo)力，使之更加基于信任、基于影響，而不是基于投入，比如，我看到你了，所以我認(rèn)為你很有效率，”相比之下，“哇，我看到了你所取得的成就，我知道你很有成效?！保┛芍?，進(jìn)步組織重現(xiàn)考慮工作場所文化，是想讓文化基于信任、影響，而不是基于投入。所以推測，這是因?yàn)榭梢栽鰪?qiáng)信任和促進(jìn)積極發(fā)展。C項(xiàng)“Tomakeemployeesfeeltrustedanddeveloppositively.”（讓員工感到信任并積極發(fā)展。）符合推斷，故選C項(xiàng)?！?4題詳解】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第五段“Lovichseesremoteworkasa“win-win”forcmployeeswhogetmoreflexibilityandemployerswhocanhirepeoplefromanywhereinthecountryoreventheworld.”（洛維奇將遠(yuǎn)程工作視為一種“雙贏”，既有更靈活的員工，也有可以從全國甚至世界任何地方雇傭員工的雇主。）可知，洛維奇認(rèn)為遠(yuǎn)程工作對于老板和員工都有利。D項(xiàng)“Itbenefitsbothbossesandworkers.”（這對老板和工人都有利。）符合原文表述，故選D項(xiàng)?！?5題詳解】推理判斷題。瀏覽全文，根據(jù)文章中的“It’suncertainwhenmanyofficesmayreopen,butit’sclearthevirtualworkrevolutionthatbeganwiththepandemicisn’tgoingaway.”（許多辦公室何時(shí)重新開放尚不確定，但很明顯，始于疫情的遠(yuǎn)程工作革命不會消失。）可知，作者主要是想通過列舉了AlexiaCambon和Lovich對于“遠(yuǎn)程工作”的看法，闡述了遠(yuǎn)程工作將繼續(xù)存在。A項(xiàng)“Advantagesofvirtualwork.”（遠(yuǎn)程工作工作將繼續(xù)存在。）符合題干，故選A項(xiàng)。第二節(jié)（共5小題：每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。Failureisprobablythemostexhaustingexperienceapersoneverhas.Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding._____16_____Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.Andthelongerwedelayit,themoretiredwefeel.Suchstart-upfatigueisveryreal,evenifnotactuallyphysical,notsomethinginourmusclesandbones._____17_____YearsagoIwasaskedtowrite102essaysonthegreatideasofsomefamousauthors.Applyingmyownrule,Ideterminedtowritethemalphabetically,neverlettingmyselfleaveoutatoughidea.AndIalwaysstartedtheday'sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Theexperienceprovedthattheruleworks._____18_____Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.Itsdifficultiesappearsogreatthat,howeverhardwework,wefailagainandagain.Insuchasituation,IworkashardasIcan--thenlettheunconscious（無意識的）takeover.WhenplanningEncyclopaediaBritannica,Ihadtocreateatableofcontentsbasedonthetopicsofitsarticles.___19___butnoneofthemworked.Myfatiguebecamealmostunbearable.Oneday,mentallyexhausted,Iwrotedownallthereasonswhythisproblemcouldnotbesolved.Itriedtoconvincemyselfthatthetroublewaswiththeproblemitself,notwithme.Relieved,Isatbackinaneasychairandfellasleep.Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind._____20_____ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.Humanbeings,Ibelievemusttrytosucceed.Success,then,meansneverfeelingtired.A.Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.B.Wedoeverythingwecantogetourselvesoutofthisgloomysituation.C.Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:start-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.D.Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptcomingupwithsolutions.E.Thesolutionisobviousthough-perhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.F.What'smore,makinguseofyourunconsciousnesswiselyalsoproveseffectiveintacklingdifficulttasks.G.Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.【答案】16.C17.E18.A19.D20.G【導(dǎo)語】這是一篇說明文。圍繞失敗、疲勞和成功的關(guān)系展開論述，以親身經(jīng)歷為例提出措施如何解決啟動疲勞和執(zhí)行疲勞?！?6題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Thereisnothingmoretiringthannotsucceeding.（沒有什么比不成功更累的了）”和下文“Intheformercase,wekeepputtingoffataskbecauseitwaseithertooboringortoodifficult.（在前一種情況下，我們總是推遲一項(xiàng)任務(wù)，因?yàn)樗刺珶o聊，要么太難）”可知，空格處應(yīng)總的指出疲憊感分為兩種情況，引出下文。選項(xiàng)C“Weexperiencethistirednessintwoways:start-upfatigueandperformancefatigue.（我們以兩種方式體驗(yàn)這種疲勞：啟動疲勞和執(zhí)行疲勞）”指出了兩種疲勞，符合語境。故選C項(xiàng)。【17題詳解】根據(jù)下文“AndIalwaysstartedtheday’sworkwiththedifficulttaskofessay-writing.Theexperienceprovedthattheruleworks.（我每天的工作都是從寫作這項(xiàng)艱巨的任務(wù)開始的。經(jīng)驗(yàn)證明這條規(guī)則是有效的）”推知，前文應(yīng)該指出了作者所說的規(guī)則是什么。選項(xiàng)E“Thesolutionisobviousthough-perhapsnoteasytoapply:alwayshandlethemostdifficultjobfirst.（解決方案很明顯，但可能不容易應(yīng)用：總是先處理最困難的工作）”恰好提出了一個規(guī)則，即先處理最困難的事，符合語境。故選E項(xiàng)?！?8題詳解】下文“Thoughwillingtogetstarted,wecannotseemtodothejobright.（盡管我們愿意開始工作，但我們似乎不能把工作做好）”指出我們愿意開始工作，即沒有啟動疲勞，可知本段開始討論第二種疲勞：執(zhí)行疲勞。選項(xiàng)A“Performancefatigueismoredifficulttohandle.（執(zhí)行疲勞更難處理）”符合語境。故選A項(xiàng)?！?9題詳解】根據(jù)下文“butnoneofthemworked.（但是沒有一個奏效）”可知空格處應(yīng)該指出作者嘗試了很多辦法，都沒有成功。選項(xiàng)D“Nothinglikethishadeverbeendonebefore,anddayafterdayIkeptcomingupwithsolutions.（以前從來沒有這樣做過，我日復(fù)一日地不斷提出解決方案）”表明作者反復(fù)提出了許多解決措施，符合語境。故選D項(xiàng)?！?0題詳解】根據(jù)上文“Anhourlater,Iwokeupsuddenlywiththesolutionclearlyinmind.（一個小時(shí)后，我突然醒來，腦海中清晰地浮現(xiàn)出解決方案）”和下文“ThoughIworkedashardasbefore,Ifeltnofatigue.Successwasnowasexcitingasfailurehadbeendepressing.（雖然我和以前一樣努力工作，但我并不感到疲勞）”推知，作者的方案是湊效的，因此他才沒有覺得累。選項(xiàng)G“Intheweeksthatfollowed,thesolutionwhichhadcomeupinmyunconsciousmindprovedcorrectateverystep.（在接下來的幾周里，我潛意識中想到的解決方案在每一步都被證明是正確的）”符合語境。故選G項(xiàng)。第三部分：語言運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）第一節(jié)（共15小題：每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。My7-year-olddaughteralwayshashernoseinabook.Sheevencontinuedreadinginthecaronthelongdrivetosummercamp,whereshelostthebook.Thisisthefirstlost___21___bookinmylife.Inmychildhood,myfamilyhadalwaysbeenexpectedtobe___22___,butwewerepoor,andIdidn’townbooks.Ihadtoborrowbooks.Mylibrarybookslivedona___23___shelfwhiletheyweremine,andit___24___mewhenIhadtoreturnthemtothelibraryonthedueday.However,mydaughterhasmorebooksnowthanIownedduringmywholechildhood.Soit’sprobablymy___25___thatshedidn’tcherishthebooks.“Sorry.Ican’tfindit.”Mydaughtersaidwithashrug,“Wejustpay$20forthebook.What’sthebig___26___?”Themissinglibrarybookjustmetwithacold___27___fromher,butitmetwithnail-biting___28___fromme.Iwalkedintothelibraryinadeep___29___asifIhadlostthebook.Feelingtheneedtomakeherfeelresponsibleforthebook,Iaskedhertodothechores.Sheagreedtocleanupallthepets’houses___30___mypayingthelibrarybook.I’dmeantthechoretobe___31___!Surprisingly,shewasenjoyingherself.Itookapictureofherlovelyback.So,wasIwinningorlosingat___32___?DidIteachherthe___33___ofkeepingalibrarybookifthepictureItookshowssheisworking___34___?Tomy___35___,mylittlegirlknewwhatmattersinherlife.Shecoulddevoteherselftothechoresasmuchasbooks.21.A.school B.reference C.story D.library22A.powerful B.practical C.academic D.employed23.A.wasted B.dusty C.present D.specific24.A.pained B.accompanied C.abandoned D.lost25.A.work B.reason C.fault D.duty26.A.worry B.question C.case D.deal27.A.shoulder B.power C.refusal D.excuse28.A.impression B.effort C.effect D.concern29.A.respect B.thought C.shame D.shock30.A.inneedof B.intradefor C.intermsof D.infavorof31.A.punishment B.recovery C.encouragement D.promise32.A.studying B.parenting C.arguing D.fighting33.A.ben