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英語(yǔ)詞匯學(xué)年月真題
00832201910
1、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingistrueaboutsoundandmeaning?
Therelationshipbetweensoundandmeaningisnotconventional.
Thesymbolicconnectionbetweensoundandmeaningisneverarbitrary.
A:
Indifferentlanguagesthesameconceptcanberepresentedbythesamesound.
B:
Thereisnologicalrelationshipbetweenthesoundwhichstandsforathing
C:
oranideaandtheactualthingandideaitself.
D:
答案:D
2、【單選題】TheEnglishvocabularycanbeclassifiedbydifferentcriteriaand
fordifferentpurposes.Wordsmayfallintothebasicwordstockand
nonbasicvocabularyby____
origin
notion
A:
usefrequency
B:
symbolicmeaning
C:
答D:案:C
解析:課本第一章的內(nèi)容,ClassificationofWords主要有三種,byusefrequency:
basicwordstockandnonbasicvocabulary;bynotion:contentwordsand
functionalwords;byorigin:nativewordsandborrowedwords.本題為第一種。
3、【單選題】Wordsborrowedearlyinthepastandnowwellassimilatedintothe
Englishlanguagearecalled____
denizens
aliens
A:
translation-loans
B:
semantic-loans
C:
答D:案:A
4、【單選題】TheIndo-Europeanlanguageismadeupofmostofthelanguagesof
Europe,theNearEast,and____
Asia
Africa
A:
B:
India
theFarEast
C:
答D:案:C
解析:印歐語(yǔ)系的構(gòu)成有歐洲大部分語(yǔ)言,近東和印度的語(yǔ)言,因此答案選C。
5、【單選題】Theformationofnewwordsbyusingtheexistingmaterials,namely
roots,affixesandotherelementsiscalled____inmodernEnglish
vocabularydevelopment.
borrowing
creation
A:
semanticchange
B:
loaning
C:
答D:案:B
6、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrue?
EnglishismorecloselyrelatedtoGermanthanFrench.
OldEnglishwasahighlyinflectedlanguage.
A:
ModernEnglishisconsideredtobeananalyticlanguage.
B:
MiddleEnglishabsorbedatremendousnumberofforeignwordsbutwith
C:
littlechangeinwordendings.
D:
答案:D
7、【單選題】Monomorphemicwordsarerealizedbysinglemorphssuchas____
green
whiten
A:
hated
B:
trying
C:
答D:案:A
8、【單選題】Themorphemeswhicharerealizedbymorethanonemorphaccording
totheirpositioninawordareknownas____
monomorphes
allomorphs
A:
roots
B:
stems
C:
D:
答案:B
解析:根據(jù)課本第38頁(yè)的內(nèi)容,這是allomorph的定義。
9、【單選題】Howmanymorphemesarethereintheworddenaturalization?
2
3
A:
4
B:
5
C:
答D:案:D
10、【單選題】Amongthefollowingwords,____hasanegativeprefix.
mistrust
devalue
A:
immature
B:
antiwar
C:
答D:案:C
11、【單選題】Toshortenalongerwordbycuttingapartofftheoriginaland
usingwhatremainsinsteadiscalled____
compounding
prefixation
A:
conversion
B:
clipping
C:
答D:案:D
12、【單選題】Economicmeans"intheeconomy"whileeconomicalmeans"money-
saving".Thisexampleshowsthatboth-icand-icalcanbeaffixedtothesamestem,
butdifferin____
meaning
grammar
A:
stress
B:
symbol
C:
答D:案:A
13、【單選題】Associativemeaningisthe____meaningsupplementedtothe
conceptualmeaning.
first
secondary
A:
third
B:
final
C:
答D:案:B
14、【單選題】Amongthefollowing,"____"isNOTmorphologicallymotivated.
airmail
blackmarket
A:
writing-desk
B:
miniskirt
C:
答D:案:B
15、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingexamplesshowsthateverywordthathas
meaninghassense,butnoteverywordhasreference?
flat,apartment
ping-pong,hiss
A:
pavement,sidewalk
B:
nearly,yes
C:
答D:案:D
16、【單選題】Wordsthatareidenticalbothinsoundandspellingbutdifferent
inmeaningare____
homographs
homophones
A:
perfecthomonyms
B:
perfectsynonyms
C:
答D:案:C
解析:發(fā)音和拼寫相同,但詞義不同的單詞互為完全同形同音異義詞(perfect
homonyms)。
17、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingpairsofsynonymscomesfromthesourceof
borrowing?
finish-get—through
drunk-elevated
A:
railway-railroad
B:
C:
buy—purchase
答D:案:D
18、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingwordsiscontradictoryantonyms?
present/absent
rich/poor
A:
give/receive
B:
husband/wife
C:
答D:案:A
19、【單選題】Theprocessbywhichwordsofgoodoriginfallintoillreputation
ornon-affectivewordscometobeusedinderogatorysenseis____ofwordmeaning.
generalization
narrowing
A:
elevation
B:
degradation
C:
答D:案:D
20、【單選題】Poisononcemeantsimply"drink",butnowmeans"poisonousdrink".
Thisisanexampleof____ofmeaning.
extension
narrowing
A:
pejoration
B:
amelioration
C:
答D:案:B
21、【單選題】WhichofthefollowingisNOTtheextra-linguisticfactorthat
causeschangesinmeaning?
Historicalreason.
Classreason.
A:
Politicalreason.
B:
Psychologicalreason.
C:
答D:案:C
22、【單選題】Grammaticalcontextreferstothecaseswherethemeaningsofa
wordmaybeinfluencedbythe____inwhichitoccurs
structure
phrase
A:
clause
B:
culture
C:
答D:案:A
解析:引起詞匯變化的因素包括詞匯因素和詞匯外因素。該題中的structure即語(yǔ)法。
23、【單選題】Thewordpapermeans"governmentdocument"in____
sheetofpaper
whitepaper
A:
atermpaper
B:
examinationpaper
C:
答D:案:B
24、【單選題】Inwhichofthefollowingsentences,thewordbecomemeans"happen
toofteninabadway"?
Idon'tknowwhatwillbecomeofusifthecompanygoesbankrupt.
Shebecameincreasinglyanxiousaboutherson'sstrangebehavior.
A:
Thissortofbehaviorhardlybecomesapersoninyourposition.
B:
Daydreamshavebecomerealities.
C:
答D:案:A
25、【單選題】Thestructuralstabilityofidiomsisreflectedinthefollowing
aspectsEXCEPT____
theconstituentsofidiomscannotbereplaced
thewordordercannotbeinvertedorchanged
A:
thevariouswordsthatmakeuptheidiomshavelosttheirindividualidentity
B:
theconstituentsofanidiomcannotbedeletedoraddedto,notevenanarticle
C:
答D:案:C
26、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingidiomsreflectsthatmanyidiomsare
grammaticallyunanalysable?
Inabrownstudy.
Titfortat.
A:
Outofthequestion.
B:
Diamondcutdiamond.
C:
D:
答案:D
27、【單選題】Whichfigureofspeechisusedintheidiomasdeadasadoornail?
Personification.
Metaphor.
A:
Simile.
B:
Synecdoche.
C:
答D:案:C
28、【單選題】Thetargetpopulationof____dictionariesaregeneralnative
speakersorsecondlanguageandforeignlearnerswhohavereachedtheintermediate
andadvancedstages.
bilingual
monolingual
A:
encyclopedic
B:
unabridged
C:
答D:案:B
29、【單選題】Whichofthefollowingisaspecializeddictionary?
LongmanDictionaryofPhrasalVerbs(1983)
LongmanDictionaryofContemporaryEnglish(1987)
A:
CollinsCOBUILDEnglishLanguageDictionary(1987)
B:
Webster'sNinthNewCollegiateDictionary(1983)
C:
答D:案:A
30、【單選題】ThedictionarylikeWebster'sThirdNewInternationalDictionary,
whichislargeinscopeandsize,containingatleast200,000headwords,
is____dictionaries.
unabridged
desk
A:
B:
encyclopedic
C:
答D:案:A
31、【問(wèn)答題】Whatarethecharacteristicsofthebasicwordstock?
答案:1)Allnationalcharacter.2)Stability.3)Productivity.4)Polysemy.
5)Collocability.
32、【問(wèn)答題】Formblendsbycombiningpartsoftwowordsineachofthe
followir1)motorhotel2)smokefog3)situation+comedy4)medical+care
5)work+welfare
答案:1)motel2)smog3)sitcom4)medicare5)workfare
33、【問(wèn)答題】Explainhowantonymsareusedandmatchwiththeexample
expressions:thickandthin;Morehaste,lessspeed.
答案:Antonymsareusefulinenablingustoexpresseconomicallytheopposite
ofaparticularthought,oftenforthesakeofcontrast.Manyidiomsare
formedwithantonyms.forexample.thickandthin.Antonymsareoftenusedto
formantithesistoachieveemphasisbyputtingcontrastingideastogether,for
example,theproverbMorehaste.lessspeed.
34、【問(wèn)答題】ExplainwhatcausesambiguityinthesentenceThefishisreadyto
eat.
答案:Grammaticalstructureleadstoambiguity.Onagrammaticalbasis,the
sentencehastwodifferentinterpretations.Itmaymean"Thefishiscookedor
served.soreadyforpeopletoeat"or"Thefishisreadytoeatthings."
35、【問(wèn)答題】Explainhowcompoundsdifferfromfreephrasesbyusingsilkworm,
greenhand,andbad-mouthasexamples.
答案:Compoundsdifferfromfreephrasesinthreeaspects.1)Phoneticfeatures.
Incompoundsthewordstressusuallyoccursonthefirstelementwhereasin
nounphrasesthesecondelementisgenerallystressedifthereisonlyone
stress.Asinsilkworm,thestressisonsilk.2)Semanticfeatures.Compounds
aredifferentfromfreephrasesinsemanticunity.Everycompoundshould
expressasingleideajustasoneword.Forinstance,agreenhandisan
'inexperiencedperson",notahandthatisgreenincolor.3)Grammatical
features.Acompoundtendstoplayasinglegrammaticalroleinsentence,for
example,averb,anoun,oranadjective.Bad-mouthusedasaverbcantakethe
thirdpersonsingular-sandthepasttensemarker-ed
36、【問(wèn)答題】Commentontherhetoricfeaturesofhomonymsthefollowingexample
ofconversation."You'renoteatingyourfish,"thewaitresssaidtohim."Anything
wrongwithit?"Longtimenosea,themanreplied.
答案:Ashomonymsareidenticalinsoundorspelling,particularlyhomophones,
theyareoftenemployedtocreatepunsfordesiredeffectofhumor,sarcasm
orridicule.Longtimenoseeisusuallysaidasaformofgreetingbetween
twofriendswhentheymeetafteralongtime.Intheaboveconversationby
usingseainsteadofsee,thecustomercleverlyemployedthestructureofthe
idiomtohisadvantagetocriticizeinahumorouswaythebadqualityofthe
foodservedattherestaurant.Longtimenoseaimpliesthat"seafoodkeptfor
alongtimeisnotfitforeating".
37、【填空題】Asthechieffunctionoffunctionalwordsistoexpressthe
relationbetweennotions,therelationbetweenwordsaswellassentences,they
areknownas____words.
答案:form
38、【填空題】MiddleEnglishretainedmuchfewerinflectionsIfwesaythatOld
Englishwasalanguageoffullendings,MiddleEnglishwasoneof_____endings.
答案:leveled
39、【填空題】Morphemeswhichareindependentofothermorphemesare____
morphemes.
答案:free
40、【填空題】Theformationofnewwordsbyjoiningtwoormorestemsis
called____
答案:compounding/composition
41、【填空題】Conceptualmeaning,alsoknownas____meaning,isthemeaning
giveninthedictionaryandformsthecoreofword-meaning.
答案:denotative
42、【填空題】Fromthediachronicpointofview,whenawordwascreated,itwas
endowedwithonlyonemeaning,whichiscalledthe____meaning.
答案:primary
43、【填空題】Thewordgovernoroncemeant"pilot"butnowmeans"headofstate",
whichisanexampleof____ofmeaning.
答案:elevation
44、【填空題】Asmostwordshavemorethanonemeaning,itisoftenimpossible
totellthemeaningofa
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