考研資料：北京大學(xué)細(xì)胞生物學(xué)-+細(xì)胞骨架(中)省公開課一等獎(jiǎng)全國(guó)示范課微課金獎(jiǎng)?wù)n件

Basalbodystructure第1頁C.CharacteristicsofMTassemblyDynamicinstabilityduetothestructuraldifferencesbetweenagrowingandashrinkingmicrotubuleend.GTPcap;Catastrophe:accidentallossofGTPcap;Rescue:regainofGTPcap第2頁WhythecentrosomecanactasMTOCStructureNocentriolesinPlantandfungi第3頁ExperimentssupportingthatcentrosomeistheMTOCTreatcellwithcolcemidCytosolicMTsdepoly,exceptthoseincentrosomeRemovecolcemidTublinrepolyExplaI:MTOCnucleatepolyoftubulinsExplaII:MTOCgatherMTsincytosolcentrosome+TubulinsMT+TubulinsNoAB第4頁MTarenucleatedbyaproteincomplexcontaining-tubulinThecentrosomeisthemajorMTOCofanimalcells第5頁DrugsaffecttheassemblyofMTs(1)ColchicineBindingtotubulindimers,preventMTspolymerization(2)

TaxolBindingtoMTs,stabilizeMTsThesecompoundsarecalledantimitoticdrugs,andhaveapplicationinmedicalpracticeasanticancerdrugs第6頁Microtuble-associatedproteins(MAPs)MAPsmodulateMTstructure,assembly,andfunctionKataninlikeproteinsMAPsTau:Inaxon,causeMTstoformtightbundlesMAP2:Indendrites,causeMTstoformlooserbundlesMAP1B:InbothaxonsanddendritestoformcrossbridgebetweenmicrotubulesControlorganization第7頁第8頁第9頁MAPsMAP1A,MAP1B,MAP1CMAP2,MAP2cMAP3，MAP4Tau第10頁第11頁第12頁第13頁第14頁TheimportanceofMAPsforneuriteformation第15頁第16頁第17頁OrganizationofMTbundlesbyMAPs.SpacingofMTsdependsonMAPsInsectcellexpressingMAP2InsectcellexpressingtauFromJ.Chenetal.1992.Nature360:674第18頁TheeffectsofproteinsthatbindtoMTends(A)ThetransitionbetweenMtgrowthandMtshrinkingiscontrolledincellsbyspecialproteins.(B)CappingproteinshelptolocalizeMtinbuddingyeastcell.第19頁5.FunctionsofMTs1.Maintaincellshape第20頁第21頁第22頁第23頁第24頁第25頁第26頁第27頁第28頁第29頁第30頁第31頁第32頁第33頁第34頁第35頁Fig.

10-31

Microtubuledynamicsinalivingcell.

Afibroblastwasinjectedwithtubulinthathadbeencovalentlylinkedtorhodamine,sothatapproximately1tubulinsubunitin10inthecellwaslabeledwithafluorescentdye.Note,forexample,thatmicrotubule#1firstgrowsandthenshrinksrapidly,whereasmicrotubule#4growscontinuously.(P.J.Sammaketal.,Nature

332:724-736)第36頁細(xì)胞內(nèi)物質(zhì)運(yùn)輸?shù)?7頁第38頁MotorProtein1.KinesinFamily2.DyneinFamily第39頁第40頁第41頁第42頁第43頁第44頁第45頁第46頁第47頁第48頁第49頁第50頁第51頁第52頁第53頁第54頁

染色體運(yùn)動(dòng)第55頁第56頁第57頁第58頁第59頁第60頁第61頁第62頁第63頁Intermediatefilaments,IFsIFsarethemostabundantandstablecomponentsofthecytoskeleton第64頁第65頁Figure

10-13

Thedomainorganizationofintermediatefilamentproteinmonomers.

Mostintermediatefilamentproteinsshareasimilarroddomainthatisusuallyabout310aminoacidslongandformsanextendedalphahelix.Theamino-terminalandcarboxyl-terminaldomainsarenon-alpha-helicalandvarygreatlyinsizeandsequenceindifferentintermediatefilaments.第66頁Figure

10-14.

Acurrentmodelofintermediatefilamentconstruction.

第67頁Figure

10–16.

Electronmicrographsoftwotypesofintermediatefilamentsincellsofthenervoussystem.

(A)Freeze-etchimageofneurofilamentsinanervecellaxon,showingtheextensivecross-linkingthroughproteincross-bridges.(B)Freeze-etchimageofglialfilamentsinglialcellsillustratingthatthesefilamentsaresmoothandhavefewcross-bridges.(C)Conventionalelectronmicrographofacross-sectionofanaxonshowingtheregul