高中英語高考一輪話題復(fù)習(xí)8個(gè)人情況1（學(xué)生版）

高中英語高考一輪話題復(fù)習(xí)8：個(gè)人情況1【問題查找】單詞拼寫1.He__________（貢獻(xiàn)）himselfentirelytomusic.2.ButIwashappytohelpbecauseIknewitwouldhelpusachieveourdreamofmakingblackandwhitepeople__________（平等的）.3.Itwasthetruth.Blackpeoplecouldnot__________（投票）orchoosetheirleaders.4.Itwasaprisonfromwhichnoone__________（逃跑）.5.TheysaidthatthejobandthepayfromthenewSouthAfricangovernmentweremy__________（回報(bào)）afterworkingallmylifeforequalrightsfortheBlacks.6.Weshouldgivethemattercareful(考慮).7.Apostmanisamanemployedto(遞送)lettersandparcels.8.Heisalways________(謙虛的)abouthissuccess.9.The(比率)ofpopulationhasbeencontrolledinthepastfewyears.10.Awaveof(惡心)cameoverher.【要點(diǎn)精講】學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)：能自主快速閱讀理解大意，能依據(jù)上下文語境猜測(cè)詞義，能正確拼讀詞匯（單詞、短語），掌握詞匯意義與用法。（1）能正確識(shí)記、領(lǐng)會(huì)以下詞匯,正確率達(dá)100%：respect,devote,reward等（2）能正確識(shí)記、領(lǐng)會(huì)以下短語,正確率達(dá)100%：turnto,loseheart,referto等（3）能正確運(yùn)用以下句型結(jié)合詞匯和語法進(jìn)行句子翻譯和寫作,正確率達(dá)80%：解決學(xué)習(xí)問題：目標(biāo)對(duì)應(yīng)的活動(dòng)（目標(biāo)的問題化分解）NelsonMandela納爾遜?曼德拉【語境串聯(lián)】（1）請(qǐng)用學(xué)習(xí)過的單詞完成篇章：Hewas（報(bào)酬）forhis（devote）and（generous）toeducation.Heisstronglyagainst（暴力）andterrorism.Inhisopinion,（攻擊）ofanykindiscruelandnot（平等的）.Everyoneshouldobeythe（合法的）principlelaw.【知識(shí)拓展】devotevt.投入；獻(xiàn)身devote...to...把……奉獻(xiàn)于devoteoneselfto獻(xiàn)身于；致力于；專心于rewardn.報(bào)酬，獎(jiǎng)金vt.酬謝，給以報(bào)答inreward(for…)作為（對(duì)……的）報(bào)酬、報(bào)答 givearewardtosb.forsth.為……給某人報(bào)酬、賞金rewardsb.for(doing)sth.因……報(bào)答、獎(jiǎng)賞某人 rewardsb.withsth.用……報(bào)答、獎(jiǎng)賞某人（2）請(qǐng)用學(xué)習(xí)過的短語完成篇章：Thissituationhasbeeworseandworsesincethenewgovernment（當(dāng)權(quán)）.Iam（失業(yè)），butIdon’tknowwhomto（求助于）.Ithoughtofmyheadteacheroneday,whoalwaysencouragedusnotto（失去信心）andbehopefulaboutthefuturewhenweare（處于麻煩中）【知識(shí)拓展】loseheart喪失勇氣或信心loseone’sjob失業(yè)loseone’sbalance失去平衡loseone’sbreath上氣不接下氣loseone’sheart(tosb/sth)愛上loseone’slife喪生；遇害loseface丟臉；受屈辱turnto求助于；翻到；轉(zhuǎn)身，轉(zhuǎn)向，轉(zhuǎn)到turnon打開turnoff關(guān)掉turninto變成turnup出現(xiàn)；調(diào)高turndown拒絕；調(diào)低【即學(xué)即練】完形填空節(jié)選題。1.Tomhadtotheinvitationtothepartylastweekendbecausehewastoobusy.A.turnin B.turndown C.turnover D.turnto2．Accordingtothenewtrafficregulations，thepunishmentofrunningayellowlightis________torunningaredone.A．opposite B．equal C．particular D．open3．EveryonewhoreachedthetopofMountTaiwas________withamagnificentview.A．a(chǎn)warded B．a(chǎn)dmired C．rewarded D．a(chǎn)ppreciatedWomenofachievement有成就的女性【語境串聯(lián)】（1）請(qǐng)用學(xué)習(xí)過的單詞完成篇章：The（respect）（special）fromourinstitute（發(fā)表）aspeechaboutwomenof（achieve）.Whathereferredtowas（support）byalarge（人群）ofaudience.Theywereinspiredbyhisbeingmodestandoutspoken.【知識(shí)拓展】（該部分主要給老師做知識(shí)拓展補(bǔ)充，學(xué)生版可選擇性呈現(xiàn)該部分或直接刪去，建議根據(jù)學(xué)生情況選擇性補(bǔ)充或拓展其他內(nèi)容，不要求全部講解）respectvt.&n.尊敬，尊重。respectedadj.受敬重的respectiveadj.各自的，分別的respectableadj.可敬的，值得尊敬的；體面的arespectableperson一個(gè)正派的人respectfuladj.恭敬的；有禮貌的berespectfultotheirelders對(duì)長(zhǎng)輩有禮貌delivervt.接生(小孩)；遞送；發(fā)表(演說等)deliveryn.送貨；交付expressdelivery快遞ondelivery送達(dá)時(shí)；貨到時(shí)deliverababy接生小孩；生小孩（2）請(qǐng)用學(xué)習(xí)過的短語完成篇章：TheotherdayI（偶然遇到）anoldfriendofminewhenIwasgoingtothelibraryto（查閱）somebooks.Hetoldmehehadreadabook（碰巧）whosehero（瞧不起）women.Infact,manywomenhave（作出巨大貢獻(xiàn)）tooursociety.（就我而言），womencanholduphalfthesky.Therefore,weshouldshowrespectfortheminourdailylife.【知識(shí)拓展】（該部分主要給老師做知識(shí)拓展補(bǔ)充，學(xué)生版可選擇性呈現(xiàn)該部分或直接刪去，建議根據(jù)學(xué)生情況選擇性補(bǔ)充或拓展其他內(nèi)容，不要求全部講解）eacross(偶然)遇見，碰見eup(問題、計(jì)劃等)被提出；升起；長(zhǎng)出地面eupwith想到；提出eabout發(fā)生eout出來；出現(xiàn)；出版；(事實(shí))暴露；結(jié)果是；(太陽、月亮或星星)出現(xiàn)referto提及，查閱，參考referencen.提及，涉及；參考，參考書forreference以備查閱【即學(xué)即練】完形填空節(jié)選題。1.IwatchedastheASLClubperformedtheirtranslationofasong.Boththehandmovementsandtheveryideaofmunicatingwithoutspeaking49me.A.disturbed B.supported C.embarrassed D.attracted2.Culturaldifferencesoccurwhereveryougo.Whenvisitinganothercountry,youshouldbeawareofthosedifferencesand___________them.A.reject B.recite C.respect D.remove3.Theparkwas,soittookussometimetofindanavailablesite.A.crowded B.dangerous C.ideal D.quiet【查漏補(bǔ)缺】真題大練兵1.Thehomeownerwasvery__________(help).2.It’sanamazingacplishmentandonewecannotachievewithout__________(慷慨的)supportfromindividuals,corporations,andothersocialorganizations.3.Menandwomenmustbetreated__________________（平等地）ineducationandemployment.4.Itstartswithlookinginsideyourselfandunderstandingwhoyouare____________________(帶著敬意)tothenaturalworldandhowyouapproachthegardeningprocess.5.(2017·江蘇改編)Fewwanttolivewithoutsearchenginesoraquick______________(deliver).6.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase＂thewatercatcher＂inparagraph2______________(指的是)?7.Thetheater______________(觀眾)saidgoodbyeasBradfordlockedthedoorsforthelasttime.8.Despitethecelebrations,though,intheU.S.thejazzaudiencecontinuestoshrinkandgrowolder,andthemusichasfailedtoconnectwithyounger______________(代).【梳理優(yōu)化】1、學(xué)生在“鞏固練習(xí)”階段掌握不好，就回到“精準(zhǔn)突破”，補(bǔ)救學(xué)習(xí)。一、詞性轉(zhuǎn)換1.achievementn.成就；功績(jī)→achievevt.取得；實(shí)現(xiàn)；成功→achievableadj.可達(dá)到的2.respectvt.&n.尊敬，尊重；敬意→respectfuladj.恭敬的；有禮貌的→respectableadj.值得尊重的；體面的→respectiveadj.分別的，各自的→respectedadj.受敬重的，值得尊敬的3.arguevt.&vi.討論；辯論；爭(zhēng)論→argumentn.爭(zhēng)論；爭(zhēng)辯；爭(zhēng)吵；論據(jù)，論證4.entertainmentn.款待；娛樂；娛樂表演→entertainvt.娛樂；招待，款待5.crowdn.人群，觀眾vt.擠滿；使擁擠→crowdedadj.擁擠的6.inspirevt.鼓舞；激發(fā)，啟示→inspiredadj.有靈感的；受到鼓勵(lì)的→inspiringadj.鼓舞人心的7.supportn.&vt.支持；擁護(hù)→supportiveadj.支持的；輔助性的8.delivervt.遞送；生(小孩兒)；接生；發(fā)表(演說等)→deliveryn.傳遞；分娩學(xué)生在“鞏固練習(xí)”階段掌握很好，就拓展延伸。掌握閱讀理解中的細(xì)節(jié)理解題的類型閱讀理解的題型無外乎四大題型：細(xì)節(jié)理解題、推理判斷題、主旨大意題、詞義猜測(cè)題。1.細(xì)節(jié)理解題（1）直接細(xì)節(jié)題：此類題是對(duì)原文直接信息的考察，只要理解字面意思即可答題。（2）間接細(xì)節(jié)題：此類題往往不能直接找到答案，需要對(duì)信息進(jìn)行加工處理，簡(jiǎn)單歸納、概括才能答題。（3）是非判斷題：此類題型有兩種形式：三對(duì)一錯(cuò)或三錯(cuò)一對(duì)。一般情況下此類題中出現(xiàn)all,never,only等完全肯或完全否定的詞時(shí)，及排除。（4）排列順序題：此類題一般在選項(xiàng)中列舉一些具體的事實(shí)，然后讓考生進(jìn)行排序，做這類型題根據(jù)事情的發(fā)生的先后順序或時(shí)間順序以及句子間的邏輯關(guān)系。（5）圖文匹配題：這類型的題比較簡(jiǎn)單，因?yàn)樗黾恿嗽囶}的直觀性，此類題分兩種：一是依文選圖；二是依圖選文。（6）數(shù)字計(jì)算題：此類題會(huì)涉及年代、人物年齡、需付錢數(shù)等計(jì)算。做這類型題，把文中出現(xiàn)的數(shù)字全都做上標(biāo)記，找出相關(guān)計(jì)算方式計(jì)算即可得出答案。細(xì)節(jié)理解題中直接細(xì)節(jié)題的解題技巧：題干定位法題干定位法是做事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題最基本也是最常用的方法。事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題主要考查對(duì)某句話或某幾句話的理解，可根據(jù)題干內(nèi)容從原文中找到相關(guān)的句子，然后進(jìn)行比較和分析，便可確定最佳答案?！邦}干定位法”分為三步：第一步：先通過題干信息來選擇定位詞。定位詞主要是題干中的名詞、動(dòng)詞和數(shù)詞，即問題的核心信息。第二步：在原文中查找定位詞或定位詞的近義詞，找出相關(guān)的句子。第三步：分析這些句子和選項(xiàng)，得出正確答案。【例】Mindthecolors.Researchsuggestswarmcolorsfuelourappetites.Inonestudy，peoplewhoatemealsinablueroomconsumed33percentlessthanthoseinayelloworredroom.Warmcolorslikeyellowmakefoodappearmoreappetizing，whilecoldcolorsmakeusfeellesshungry.Sowhenit’stimetorepaint，goblue.1．Ahomeenvironmentinbluecanhelppeople.A．digestfoodbetterB．reducefoodintakeC．burnmorecaloriesD．regaintheirappetites優(yōu)化：補(bǔ)充、完善初步總結(jié)的解題方法；B.解決元認(rèn)知問題；C.信息精細(xì)化加工；D.需要記憶的教給記憶訣竅等；E.圖式。A.補(bǔ)充、完善初步總結(jié)的解題方法。一、常考題型：1.完型填空;2.閱讀理解題;3.語法填空題4.書面表達(dá)二、解題技巧語法填空題中詞匯的解題技巧1.判斷空格中所需單詞的詞性；2.觀察所給單詞的詞性和所需單詞詞性是否一致；3.根據(jù)題目修改相應(yīng)的單詞形式B.信息精細(xì)化加工（歸類、分類、類比、比較、聯(lián)想、想象等）1.選取本次課學(xué)習(xí)的（至少）5個(gè)詞匯寫出一篇短文。E.圖式。1.利用近義詞、同義詞、反義詞轉(zhuǎn)換等帶出新的語言。2.利用paraphrase評(píng)價(jià)和轉(zhuǎn)換語言，利用已有認(rèn)知圖式結(jié)合情境學(xué)習(xí)新的目標(biāo)詞匯。【強(qiáng)化鞏固】完形填空Ihaverecentlybeenreflectingonthesecretofouronlinesuccess.Thiswebsitehasnowbeenin1forovertwelveyearsandwhenmyeldestsonJeremysuggestedtheidea,Iwasn’tsurethatattheageof69,Iwouldbeableto2sufficientinterest,ormaintaintheoutputofreadablematerial3tofillthepages!NowIamdelightedtosaythatat80,myenthusiasmremainsandwiththe4fromanumberoffriendsinthestorytellingandmagicmunities,Iamnow5thenextlevel.Imustatthispointsayabig“Thankyou!”toourwebhostKenEvoyatSiteBuildit!Hehassupportedusfromtheverybeginningwith6helpandadviceandmuchofthe7foroursuccessgoestohim.Myintentionfromthestartwastoproduceamagazinestylepresentationthatwasentertaining,anduserfriendly.Thename‘TheStorytellingResourceCentre’haskeptme8andonmytoes!Outofcuriosity,we9theAlexaTrafficRatingswebsite.Wediscoveredtoouramazementand10thatwewereamongthetop1%ofwebsites11worldwide!Thiswasalmost12duetoSiteBuildIt!andtheadvicewereceivefromthem.Thoseofyouwhohavebeen13visitorsoverthelastfewyearswillhavenoticedthatwereorganisedthepageswiththewebhost’s14.Thesuccesswasimmediate!Wecontinuetoreceiveuptotheminuteadvicefromthemandwearenowoneofthemostvisitedstorytellingwebsites!Inaddition,SiteBuiltit!hostsawonderfulforumwhereeveryoneisweled.YOUROWNwebsite,thengiveyourselfarealchancetoIfyouarelookingtocreateorimprove,make15money!Youwon’tbedisappointed!1.A.danger B.existence C.dilemma D.power2.A.grow B.arouse C.keep D.catch3.A.required B.designed C.passed D.supported4.A.advertisement B.attraction C.promotion D.encouragement5.A.ingupwith B.gettingawaywith C.lookingforwardto D.holdingfastto6.A.voluntary B.valuable C.individual D.medical7.A.focus B.reason C.credit D.part8.A.disappointed B.discouraged C.amused D.motivated9.A.approached B.accessed C.received D.connected10.A.delight B.surprise C.sorrow D.anger11.A.troubled B.built C.visited D.hosted12.A.heavily B.entirely C.slightly D.seriously13.A.seasonal B.casual C.rare D.regular14.A.information B.direction C.intention D.education15.A.easy B.pocket C.serious D.business【課后練習(xí)】一、書面表達(dá)你校正在組織英語作文比賽。請(qǐng)以身邊值得尊敬和愛戴的人為題，寫一篇短文參賽，內(nèi)容包括：1.人物簡(jiǎn)介；2.尊敬和愛戴的原因。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2.短文題目和首句已為你寫好。ThepersonIrespectWehavealotofrespectablepeoplearoundus.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________二、語法填空DoyouknowNelsonMandela?He1.______________(fight)fortheblackpeopleandwasinprisonforthirtyyears.Hehelpedtheblackpeopletogetequal2.______________(right)asthewhitepeople.Eliaswasastudentinaschool.Becausehisfamilycouldn’tafford3.______________(pay)theschool.______________(worry)whetherhewouldbeoutofwork.Itwasduringthisdifficultperiodoftime5.______________hemetNelsonMandelaforthefirsttime,whohadopened6.______________lawfirmtoadvisepoorblackpeopleontheirproblems.NelsonMandelasaidtoEliasthattheywereputinaposition7.______________theyhadeithertoaccepttheywerelessimportant,ortofightthegovernment.Sohedecidedtouse8.______________(violent).ThoughEliasdidn’tlikeviolence,hehelpedNelsonMandelablowupgovernmentbuildings.Heknewitwas9.______________(danger)todoit,buthealsoknewitwastorealize10.______________(they)dreamofmakingblackandwhitepeopleequal.三、閱讀理解JohnnyCashwasbornin1932inthesouthernstateofArkansas.Hisparentswerepoorcottonfarmers.Asaschoolboy,hebeganwritingsongsandheperformedonradioprograms.Afterhighschool,hejoinedtheUnitedStatesAirForceandservedasaradiooperatorinGermany.HereturnedtotheUnitedStatesin1954andformedabandwithtwofriendsandperformedatlocalevents.TheybeganrecordingforSunRecordsinMemphis.OneofthesongsCashwrotebecamethefirstcountrymusichitrecordforthepany.Itwas“Cry,Cry,Cry”.JohnnyCashperformedallacrosstheUnitedStatesandCanada.By1958,JohnnyCashwasasuccessfulrecordingartist,songwriterandsinger.HewasinvitedtoperformattheGrandOleOpryinNashville,Tennessee.JohnnyCashwonmanyawards,includingelevenGrammyAward