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2022年高考英語(yǔ)終極題型押題(天津?qū)S茫?閱讀理解
(2022?天津河北?一模)Manyofusseemtohavelivesthatfollowacertainway.Fromkindergarten
allthewaytowhenwegetmarried,everystageofourlivesseemstobepreset.Andalthoughthisworkswell
foralotofpeople,accordingtoBritishscholarJayShetty,thereisno“right“scheduletoliveourlivesby.
Afewmonthsago,avideoofShetty'sspeech"BeforeYouFeelPressure^^becamepopularonthe
Internetacrosstheworld.Inthevideo,hesendsanimportantmessagethatweshouldthink"outsideofthe
way“andhavethecouragetofollowourhearts.AsShettysaysinthevideo,wedon'thavetogetstressed
andputourselvesinaracewithourpeersorjudgeourlivesbasedonothers'."Everythinginlifehappens
accordingtoourtime,ourclocks,hesays.
Inhisinspiringspeech,ShettypointsoutthatUKauthorJ.K.Rowlinggotherfamous"HarryPotter”
seriespublishedatage32,afterbeingturneddownby12publishers.ShettyalsomentionsthatUSactor
MorganFreemandidn'tgethisbigbreakuntilhewas52yearsold.Soweshouldn'tletanyonerushus.
AsphysicistAlbertEinsteinoncesaid,"Noteverythingthatcountscanbecounted,andnoteverything
thafscountedtrulycounts.Thekeytostayingonourowntracksistobepatientandkeepourowninterest.”
InAustraliannurseBronnieWare'sbest-sellingbook“TheTopFiveRegretsoftheDying”,sherecordedthe
dyingregretsofherpatients,andthetoponeonthelistwas:"IwishIhadthecouragetolivealifetrueto
myselfnottheoneothersexpectedofme.”
Indeed,wearealluniqueinourpersonalitiesandgifts,andthere'snoperfectfitforall.Weshouldlisten
toourinnervoicesandignorewhattheworldhastaughtus,andwhatwe'vepickedupfrompeoplearound
us.”Itisimportanttoallowpeopletogobacktobeingself-awareoftheirowninterests,needsandconcerns,
Shettytoldthemagazine."It'sdisconnectingfromwhat'makessense,towhatactuallymovesyouandwhat
makessenseinternally(內(nèi)在地).”
1.WhatdoesJayShettyagreeto?
A.Thestagesofourlivesshouldbepreset.
B.Fewpeoplehavelivesthatfollowacertainway.
C.Allpeoplelivetheirlivesaccordingtoschedules.
D.Wecanliveourlivesnotaccordingtothegivenway.
2.AccordingtoJayShetty'svideo,peopleshould.
A.putmorepressureonthemselves
B.adjusttheirlivesbasedonothers'
C.decidetheirlivesintermsofactualcases
D.competewiththosewhoarebetterthanthemselves
3.Shettyliststhefamouspeopleinhisspeechtoshow.
A.everyonecanbeawinnerB.hardworkisthekeytosuccess
C.greatnewlifecanbeginanytimeD.successdoesnothappeninone'syouth
4.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtoParagraph4?
A.Everythingthat'scountedtrulycounts.
B.Oneshouldlivealifeasexpectedbyothers.
C.Weshouldcountandanalyzeeverythinginlife.
D.Thetopdyingregretwasnotlivinginthewayonewanted.
5.Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat.
A.peopleshouldneverlistentoothers'advice
B.weshouldfollowtheheartanddowhatwewanttodo
C.whatmakessenseshouldnotbeaboutwhatpeoplecareinternally
D.beingself-awareofinterests,needsandconcernsisnotacceptable
(2022?天津?耀華中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))Itisgenerallybelievedthatwearegettingcleanedwhenwestep
underashower.Weare,butwe'realsogivingahometolotsoftinylittlecreatureswedidn'tevenknow
about.AshowerheadcarriesthousandsofbacteriacalledMycobacterium(分支桿菌).Thesecancause
problemslikecoughsandtiredness,andageneralfeelingofpoorliness(身體不舒月艮).Whenyouturnonthe
water,thebacteriagofromtheshowerheadontoandintoyourbody.
ThisisafindingofNormanR.PaceandhisteamattheUniversityofColorado,intheUS.Thescientists
investigatedbacteriainallkindsofhumanenvironment,includingshowers.Pace'steamlookedat45
showerheadsinnineAmericancities.Theydiscoveredthat30percentofthemhadlargeamountsofflying
Mycobacterium.
ButPacesaidthattheyposefewthreatstothehealth.Onlythosewithaweakimmunesystemmight
needtoworry.HetoldtheNewYorkTimesthatthebacteriaarenotasunpleasantasmightbethought.He
saidthathavingashowerisnomoredangerousthananythingelsewedointhemorning.
Butforthosewhofeelsickabouttheideaofallthosemicroorganisms(微生物),hehadsomeadvice.
Letthewaterrunfor30secondsbeforegettingintotheshower.Why?Thenumberofbacteriaissmallerthan
thatwhenthewaterisjustturnedon.Ifthatseemslikeawasteofwater,headdedthatyoucouldalsochange
yourshowerheadeveryfewmonths.
However,Pacehadgoodnewstoo.HehasalsobeentestingtheairinUSsubways.Apartfromiron
particles(粒子),whicharegroundoffthetrackbythewheelsoftrains,subwayairisfresh.Thereasonis
thatatrain'smovementpumpsfreshoutdoorairintothetunnels.
Paceexplainedthathewantedtounderstandthenaturalmicrobialenvironmentsofpublicplaces.This
kindofknowledgemighthelpdiscoverthemicrobes(微生物)tobeusedinabioterrorist(生物恐怖分子)
attack.
6.FromthefindingofNormanR.Pace,aftertakingashower,wemightcoughorfeeltiredbecause.
A.it'seasytogetacoldwhentakingabathB.theshowerheadcarriesmanybacteriacausingillness
C.wedon'tgetcleanedwhileshoweringD.wedon'tgetaweakimmunesystem
7.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Hotwatercouldkillmostofbacteriainshowerheads.
B.Of45showerheadssurveyedinninecities,30carriedlargeamountsofMycobacterium.
C.Changingshowerheadsistheonlywaytoavoidmicroorganisms.
D.Showerwatercontainsmuchlessbacteriaafterbeinglefttorunfbr30seconds.
8.Wecanlearnfromthethirdparagraphthat.
A.havingashowerinthemorningismoredangerousthanatothertime
B.thebacteriaalwaysthreatpeople'shealth
C.thereisnoreasontofearmicroorganismsforpeoplewithstrongimmunesystem
D.itisbettertodosomeexerciseinthemorningthanhaveashower
9.Theunderlinedword"pose"inthethirdparagraphprobablymeans"
A.causeB.avoidC.describeD.promise
10.WhatcontributestofreshairinUSsubways?
A.Thetrainsmovement.B.Ironparticles.
C.Trainwheels.D.Airconditionersonthetrains.
(2022?天津市寧河區(qū)蘆臺(tái)第一中學(xué)二模)Whenpeoplehavepositivefeelingsforoneanotherthen
theyareabletositdownandtalkaboutwhatreallymatters,thatis,thetruepurposeandmeaningoflife.
Whenenvyandjealousyflee,truthhasarichsoiltogrowandripen.
Inordertoreallytalk,peoplehavetobewillingtoadmittheirweakness,andopenup.Butifthereis
anger,envy,jealousyorfeelingsofsuperiority,truthcannotexistbecauseeveryoneismeasuringwhatthey
aresaying,tryingtoavoidmakingthemselvesvulnerableinanyway.
Perhapsthebiggesttruth-killersofallareenvyandjealousy.Envyisdesiringwhatsomeoneelsehas,
whilejealousyisfeelingunhappythatsomeonehassomethingthatyouwouldlike.
Theobjectsofenvyandjealousycanbematerialpossessionssuchasjewelryandhouses,andother
intangiblessuchaspopularityandrespect.
Mostofusholdbackwhenwethinkaboutbeingenviousorjealous.Butdowereallyunderstandhow
thesefeelingsexpressthemselves?Ifsnotalwayssoobvious-unlessweslowdownandexamineourselves,
wemaymissthesigns.
Wethinktoourselves:Thatpersonwhojustwonthataward/contract/positiondoesn'tdeserveit.She
thinksherchild'ssogreatbuthe'snotverygoodandisreallyamediocreguy.Whodoeshethinkheis—he
doesn'tknowanythingaboutthatsubject.
Wemaynotintruthwantwhattheotherpersonhas,butwedon'twantthemtohaveiteither.Thisis
whatwecall“Dead-endEnvy”.It'sthefeelingofdissatisfactionthatoccurswhensomeoneelse
owns/achievessomethingandyouaren'thappyaboutit.Ifyouturnenvyor"Dead-endEnvy“insideout,
yougetschadenfreude(幸災(zāi)樂(lè)禍),takingpleasureinsomeoneelse'smisfortune.Inanearlierstudy,"neural
correlates(神經(jīng)關(guān)聯(lián))ofenvyandschadenfreudeweretiedtogether,withthemagnitude(量級(jí))ofone
predictingthestrengthoftheother,saysresearcherMatthewD.Liebermanwhospecializesinrespectand
howpeoplegetalong.
Canenvyeverbepositive?Intermsofmotivatingpeopletopushthemselvestosucceed—yes.Butin
termsofpersonalrelationships?That'shardertoproveapositive.Onceyouacceptthatsomeoneisyour
superiorinoneaspectoranother,orhasbeenblessedwithauniquetalentorquality,andtheybecomearole
model,envymaytumintosomethingelse,respect.
11.Theauthorintendstotellusthatwhenpeopletalkwithothers,.
A.envyandjealousyareunavoidableB.peopledon'tneedtobeopenup
C.peopleshouldmeasurewhattheyaresayingD.positivefeelingshelptalkdeeply.
12.Aboutenvyandjealousy,theauthorthinksthat.
A.thereisnodifferencebetweenthemB.mostpeoplearewillingtoacceptthem
C.theyhaveabadinfluenceontruthD.theyareeasytounderstandandrecognize
13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“mediocre”mean?
A.Ordinary.B.Useless.C.Outstanding.D.Unique.
14.WhatcanweconcludefromParagraph7?
A.Envyistheoppositeofschadenfreude.
B.”Dead-endEnvy“canleadtoschadenfreude.
C.Peoplewithenvyorjealousyhavenosympathy.
D.Peoplealwayswantwhatothershave.
15.Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage?
A.EnvyandJealousy,thePowerofSuccess
B.TheHarmfulnessofEnvyandJealousy
C.HowtoOvercomeEnvyandJealousySuccessfully
D.EnvyandJealousyandTheirEffects
(2022?天津市西青區(qū)張家窩中學(xué)一模)Richardisaveryasuccessfulbusinessman.Itiscommonfor
himtoworkhardwithanon-stop.Hewasn'tawarethathemightwearhimselfoutordieanearlydeathuntil
heoversleptonemorning,whichwasasortofalarm.Andthenwhathappened?Hehadaweek'sleaveduring
whichtimehereadnovels,listenedtomusicandwalkedwithhiswifeonabeach,whichhasenabledRichard
toreturntoworkagain.
Inourmodernlife,wehavelosttherhythmbetweenactionandrest.Amazingly,withinthisworldthere
isauniversalbutsillysaying:"Iamsobusy.^^
Wesaythistooneanotherasifourtirelesseffortswereatalentbynatureandanabilitytosuccessfully
dealwithstress.Thebusierweare,themoreimportantweseemtoourselvesand,weimagine,toothers.To
beunavailabletoourfriendsandfamily,andtobeunabletofindtimetorelax------thishasbecomethemodel
ofasuccessfullife.
Becausewedonotrest,weloseourway.Wemisstheguidetellinguswheretogo,thefoodproviding
iswithstrength,thequietgivinguswisdom.
Howhaveweallowedthistohappen?Ibelieveitisthis:wehaveforgottentheSabbath,thedayofthe
week------forfollowersofsomereligions-------forrestandpraying.Itisadaywhenwearenotsupposedto
work,atimewhenwedevoteourselvestoenjoyingandcelebratingwhatisbeautiful.Itisagoodtimeto
blessourchildrenandlovedones,givethanks,sharemeals,walkandsleep.Itisatimeforustotakearest,
toputourworkaside,trustingthattherearelargerforcesatworktakingcareoftheworld.
Restissspiritualandbiologicalneed;however,inourstrongambitiontobesuccessfulandcareforour
manyresponsibilities,wemayfeelterriblyguiltywhenwetaketimetorest.TheSabbathgivesuspermission
tostopwork.Infact,"RemembertheSabbath,,ismorethansimplypermissiontorest;itisaruletoobeyand
aprincipletofollow.
16.What'sthefunctionoftheparagraph1?
A.TotellusthatRichardlivesahealthylife.
B.Tobringupthetopicofthepassage.
C.TogiveusabriefintroductionofRichard
D.TotellRichardisasuccessfulbusinessman.
17.The“alarm“inthefirstparagraphrefersto"
A.asignalofstressB.awarningofdanger
C.asignofageD.aspreadofdisease
18.AccordingtoParagraph3,asuccessfulpersonisonewhoisbelievedto.
A.beabletoworkwithoutstressB.bemoretalentedthanotherpeople
C.bemoreimportantthananyoneelseD.bebusyingworkingwithouttimetorest
19.AccordingtothepassageduringtheSabbath,whatweshoulddoexcept.
A.Prayingforourfamily.B.Takingagoodbreak.
C.Onlyworkingfortwohours.D.Enjoyingdeliciousmeal.
20.Whatisthemainideaofthispassage?
A.Weshouldbalanceworkwithrest.
B.TheSabbathgivesuspermissiontorest.
C.Itissillyforanyonetosay“Iambusy.”
D.Weshouldbeavailabletoourfomilyandfriends.
(2022?天津和平?——模)Tryingtofindtheperfectpresentisaboutaseasyastryingtoreadsomeone's
mind.Fewpeoplewillactuallytellyouwhattheywantforaspecialoccasion.Sowhattodo?Herearesome
tipsthatcouldhelp.
StartEarly
Behonest-doyouwaituntilthelastminutetostartlookingforpresents?Whileyouaredefinitelynot
aloneinthisritual,itissomethingyoumightwanttotrytochange.Startingyourshoppingearlycanhavea
numberofadvantages,particularlywhenstockingupforholidayssuchasChristmas.Ifyouplaninadvance
ratherthanlastminuteyoucangoshoppingonlinewhichincreasesyourgiftbuyingpossibilitiesasyou'll
havetimetofactorinthedeliveryofthegift.
MakeaList,CheckItTwice
Nowisthetimetoputyourthinkingcaponasyoumakealist.Ifyouarelucky,youshouldbeableto
findafewgoodideasinoneoftheselists.However,whatifthislistisn'tashelpfulasyoumighthavehoped?
Inthisinstance,writedowndifferentpersonalitytraitsofthepersonyouareshoppingfor.Thentryto
determinehowtousethisinformationtofindagiftthatisperfectlysuitedtothem.
ThinkOutsidetheBox
Ifyouarestillcomingupempty,itistimetogetcreative.Often,thereasonyougetstuckforgiftideas
isbecauseyouarerestrictingyourselftoomuch.Anexampleofbeingcreativeistothinkaboutwhatyour
friend'sofficelookslike.Thiscangiveyoulotsofideastogivehimagiftfbrhisworkspace.Intheend,it\
aboutfindingsomethinghecanuseeveryday,somethinghecanreallyappreciate.
GiftanExperience
Ifaregularoldpresentisn'tdoingthetrick,itmaybetimetothinkalittlebigger.Insteadofaphysical
gift,youcangivesomeoneanexperiencethattheywillneverforget.Youmaybewonderingwhatan
“experience“meansexactly.Well,itcanbeanythingthatwillinteresttherecipient.Iftheyareanadventurer,
alocalorforeigntripwillbeexcellent.Ontheotherhand,iftheyareasportsenthusiast,youcanbuythem
ticketstoasignificantgame.
21.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentenceinparagraph2mean?
A.Manypeoplemakeaplaninadvance.
B.Youhavemanyfriendswhodothesame.
C.Peopletendtosendgiftsearlierthanplanned.
D.Otherpeoplealsobuypresentsatthelastmoment.
22.Whatcanbedoneifyoufindyourlistoflittlehelpinchoosingagift?
A.Listingthecharacterfeaturesofyourfriends.
B.Thinkingitoverbeforemakingadecision.
C.Askingyourfriendswhattheylikebest.
D.Doingshoppingwithyourfriends.
23.WhatdoweknowaboutThinkOutsidetheBox?
A.Presentsshouldbeuniqueandspecial.
B.Practicalpresentscanbeagoodoption.
C.Officesareusuallydesignedforcreation.
D.Appreciationcouldbeshownthroughgifts.
24.Accordingtothelastparagraph,whichcanbethebestgiftideaforaphotographer?
A.DininginaMichelin-starredrestaurant.
B.Visitingasciencemuseuminyourtown.
C.Buyingasmartphonewithanadvancedcamera.
D.TakingatriptoMountTaiinthecomingsummer.
25.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?
A.Toshowthesignificanceofpleasingfriends.
B.Tooffersometipsonbuyingfriendspresents.
C.Tosuggestseveralwaysonhowtomakefriends.
D.Tostresstheimportanceofbuyinggiftsforfriends.
(2022?天津市咸水沽第一中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))LeonardodaVinci,oneofthegreatestthinkersintheworld,
beganhiscareerasanartist.VerylittleisknownaboutLeonardo'searlylife.Hewasbornin1452inthetown
ofVinci.Asaboy,Leonardoshowedagreatinterestindrawing,sculptingandobservingnature.
However,becauseLeonardowasborntoparentswhowerenotmarriedtoeachother,hewasbarred
fromsomestudiesandprofessions.HetrainedasanartistaftermovingtoFlorencewithhisfatherinthe
1460s.ItwasanexcitingtimetobeinFlorence,oneoftheculturalcapitalsofEurope.Leonardotrainedwith
oneofthecity'sverysuccessfulartists,AndreadelVerrocchio.Hewasapainter,sculptorandgoldworker.
Verrocchiotoldhisstudentsthattheyneededtounderstandthebody*sbonesandmuscleswhendrawing
people.
Leonardotooktheteacher'sadviceveryseriously.Hespentseveralperiodsofhislifestudyingthe
humanbodybytakingapartandexaminingdeadbodies.Whiletrainingasanartist,Leonardoalsolearned
aboutandimprovedonrelativelynewpaintingmethodsatthetime.Onewastheuseofperspective(透視)
toshowdepth.Amethodcalled"sfumato"helpedtocreateacloudyeffecttosuggestdistance,"Chiaroscuro"
isamethodusinglightandshadeasapainterlyeffect.
Leonardo'sfirstknownportraitnowhangsintheNationalGalleryinWashington,D.C.Hemadethis
paintingofayoungwomannamedGinevrade'Benciaround1474.Thewomanhasapalefacewithdarkhair.
Inthedistance,LeonardopaintedtheItaliancountryside.
Hesoonreceivedattentionforhisextraordinaryartisticskills.Around1475hewasaskedtodrawan
angelinVerrocchio'spainting"BaptismofChrist."OnestorysaysthatwhenVenocchiosawLeonardo's
additiontothepainting,hewassoamazedbyhisstudent'sskillthathesaidhewouldneverpaintagain.
26.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?
A.WecanfindLeonardo'sworkintheNationalGallery.
B.Leonardothoughthisteacher'sadvicewasunreasonable.
C."Sfumato^isamethodtoshowdepthbyusinglightandshade.
D."BaptismofChristnmadeLeonardoknownacrosstheworld.
27.Theunderlinedword"barredninthesecondparagraphprobablymeans.
A.preventedB.protectedC.sufferedD.chosen
28.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbeusedtodescribeLeonardoaccordingtothethirdparagraph
?
A.Stubborn.B.Creative.C.Ambitious.D.Determined.
29.WhichisthecorrectorderofthethingsthathappenedtoLeonardo?
a.HefinishedthepaintingofGinevrade'Benci.
b.HemovedtoFlorence.
c.Hefinisheddrawinganangelinhisteacher'spainting.
d.HebegantolearnartfromAndreadelVerrocchio.
e.Hebegantostudythedeadbody.
A.b,c,e,d,aB.d,b,c,d,eC.b,d,e,a,cD.b,e,d,a,c
30.Whatcanwelearnfromthelastparagraph?
A.Verrocchiodidn'tlikeLeonardo'swork.
B.VerrocchiothoughtLeonardo'sworkterrible.
C.VerrocchiothoughthighlyofLeonardo'swork.
D.Verrocchiodidn'tbelieveLeonardocouldpaintwell.
(2022?天津?耀華中學(xué)模擬預(yù)測(cè))MymotherwasnevertrulyhappyinConnecticutfindingthewinter
bittercoldandthecultureprovincial(偏狹的).ThoughshegrewupinNewJersey,shemovedtoSan
Franciscoinherearlytwenties,metandmarriedmydadoutthere.AfterIwasborn,theydecidedtoreturn
east,closertotheirownparents.ButsheneverletgoofherlovefortheBayArea.
CaliforniawasalwayspartoftheconversationwhenIwasakid.Iatemealsoffamap-of-the-world
placemat(餐墊),andMomtaughtmetoidentifySanFranciscobeforeIlearnedwhereHartfordwas.She
toldusstoriesofperfectiononasinglecity,fantasizingaboutretiringoutwest.Mydadwouldplayalong,
buthisheartwasn'tinthesameplace.
Whilemymother'sstatusinthenonprofitworldadvanced,herdesiretomovebacktoherfavoriteplace
grewstrong.SheappliedforjobsintheBay,underwentbicoastalSkypescreenings,eventraveledoutfora
coupleofinterviewsonawhim(心血來(lái)潮).Sometimeshercoverlettersdisappeared,othertimesshemade
itdowntothefinaltwocandidates.Witheachrejection,shepromisedtomakehernextjobapplicationeven
stronger.
ThispastMay,IrelocatedfromSanFranciscotoNewYorkforajob.Afewweekslater,Momcalled
me.Herpursuithadfinallypaidoff.She'sbeenofferedavicepresidentpositionatapublichealthnonprofit
inOakland.Afewweekslater,shepackedupherbaggageandleftConnecticutforgood.
OurlivesaremoresembOblethaneverthesedays.We'rebothdiscoveringournewhomes,making
friends.We'relookingforagoodyogastudiotojoin,readingthesamebooksandchattingabouttheplotsby
textmessage.IemailedherphotosfrommytriptoBurningManandsherepliedwithstoriesabouthernew
coworkerswhogoeveryyear.There'seventimefortheoccasionaldatingdisaster.
Perhapsthat'stheparadox(悖論)ofgrowingolder.Thingswillalwayschange,andtheycanchange
immediately-mymotherisproof.Butanindividual'sownpowertocreatechangealwaysstaysthesame.
Everythingcanchange,andthereforenothingeverreallychanges.
NowwhenI'moutwestforavisit,Mommeetsmeatastationwithherbigbag.WestopbytheGrand
Lakefannersmarket,pickingoutthefreshestseasonalingredients,beforehikingupthehilltohernew
apartment.Oneofthesedays,I'llactuallycookherdinner.
31.WhatcanwelearnfromParagraph2?
A.TheauthorspentallherchildhoodinCalifornia.
B.Theauthor'sfatherwouldliketoplayalongstreets.
C.Theauthor'smotherlikedtouseplateswithmapdesigns.
D.Infact,theauthor'sfatherdidn'twanttoliveinCalifornia.
32.Whatcanweknowabouttheauthor'smother?
A.Shealwayslikestostruggleonherown.B.Nothingcanstopherfromreachinghergoal.
C.Sheownsapublichealthnonprofitcompany.D.Shetakeseverythingofherdaughteronherself.
33.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“semblable"mean?
A.Changeable.B.Comfortable.C.Similar.D.Creative.
34.WhichofthefollowingisTRUE?
A.Therelationshipbetweentheauthorandhermotherisverygood.
B.Theauthorwouldnotliketolethermotherworkon.
C.Theauthorandhermotherliveinthesamecityatpresent.
D.Theauthorwouldnotliketochangeherlifesituation.
35.Inthelastparagraph,theauthormainlywantstotellthereadersthat.
A.herfamily'slifealwayschangebecauseofhermother
B.themother-daughterfeelingswillstaythesameforever
C.shehasgrownupduringherfamily'sconstantmoves
D.hermotheralwayswantstochangehercurrentsituations
(2022?天津市J西?一模)In2012,JamesCameron,creatorofAvatarandTitanic,becamethefirstperson
toreachtheChallengerDeep.WhenhearrivedatthedeepestspotonEarthat7milesbelowsealevel,he
spenthoursmappingtheregionandtakingphotosandsamples.
“Ashumanbeings,we'redrawntoabsolutes-thedeepest,thehighest,thecoldest,thefarthest.^^he
says."Andasastorytellerandcuriousmonkey,Ijustwantedtoseewhatwasthere."Theanswerisobvious一
plasticandmore."Ourso-calledcivilizationisusingtheoceanasitstoilet,Cameronsays."Unlessthis
changes,oceanecosystemsaregoingtocontinuetheirrapidcoIlapse.^^
Despitedecadesofenvironmentalstudies,theimpactofplasticandotherformsofpollutiononoceans
arenotentirelyunderstood.Initialstudiesappeartoindicatethatingestingthem-eitherdirectlyorindirectly-
couldcausedisease.Plasticscanalsoreleasepoisonoussubstancesintothewater,whichcouldpotentially
impactanimalpopulations.
Butplasticisjustoneoftheproblemsfacingoceansthathaveyettobefullyunderstood."Plasticwaste
intheoceanishorrifyingbutisonlythemostobviousofourmanydeadlywastestreams,whichinclude
carbonthat'sheatingtheatmosphereandmakingtheoceanacidic,andtherun-offnutrientsfromallthe
world'sagriculture,whichiscausinganoxicdeadzonesthesizeofcountries,Cameronsays.
Oceans,liketherestoftheworld,areimpactedbytheburningoffossilfuelsandthereleaseof
greenhousegaseslikecarbondioxide-about30percentofwhichisabsorbedbythesea.Thisabsorption
causesoceanacidification,wherethepHlevelisalteredtobecomemoreacidic.Asaresult,it'sharderfor
somecreaturestoformshellsandskeletonsandcountlessspeciesatthebaseofthefoodwebcanstruggleto
survive,which,scientistssay,hasthepotentialtocausehugedisruptionstoentireecosystems.Indeed,ocean
acidificationisthoughttohaveplayedanimportantroleinEarth'sworst-evermassextinctionevent252
millionyearsago.
Theeffectofclimatechangeontheworld'soceanswilllikelyworsenincomingdecades.LastJune,
scientistsannouncedcarbondioxidelevelshadreachedthehighestlevelssincehumanrecordsbegan.The
lasttimecarbondioxidelevelswerethishighwasduringthePlioceneera,between3and5millionyearsago,
whenglobaltemperatureswereabout4degreesCelsiuswarmerthantheyaretoday.Currentclimatemodels
suggestthatifgreenhousegasemissionscontinueontheircurrenttrend,wemaybeoncoursetosee4degrees
ofwarmingby2100.
Asaresult,understandingtheroleoceanshaveonglobalsystemsisbecomingmoreandmoreimportant.
36.Whatarethefirsttwoparagraphsmainlyabout?
A.Theauthor'sfeelingstotheocean.B.Cameron'smoviesandremarks.
C.Theauthorsdiscoveriesunderthesea.D.Cameron'sobservationandconcern.
37.Accordingtothepassage,whichofthefollowingsisnottheproblemfortheoceans?
A.Poisonousstreams.B.Run-offnutrients.C.Plasticwaste.D.Carbon.
38.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?
A.Severalcountriesaresufferingfromanoxicdeadzones.
B.Moreconcernshouldhavebeengiventothepollutiononoceans.
C.Plasticissupposedtobethemostseriousenvironmentalproblem.
D.Oceanacidificati
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