山東省濱州市2022-2023學(xué)年高二年級(jí)下冊(cè)7月期末英語 含解析

濱州市2022-2023學(xué)年高二下學(xué)期考試

英語試題

注意事項(xiàng)：

1.答卷前，考生務(wù)必將自己的姓名、考生號(hào)等填寫在答題卡和試卷指定位置上。

2.回答選擇題時(shí)，選出每小題答案后，用鉛筆把答題卡對(duì)應(yīng)題目的答案標(biāo)號(hào)涂黑。如需改

動(dòng)，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案標(biāo)號(hào)?；卮鸱沁x擇題時(shí)，將答案寫在答題卡上。寫在

本試卷上無效。

3.考試結(jié)束后，將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。

第一部分聽力（共兩節(jié)，滿分30分）

做題時(shí)，先將答案標(biāo)在試卷上。錄音內(nèi)容結(jié)束后，你將有兩分鐘的時(shí)間將試卷上的答案轉(zhuǎn)涂

到答題卡上。

第一節(jié)（共5小題；每小題1.5分，滿分7.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話。每段對(duì)話后有一個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選

項(xiàng)。聽完每段對(duì)話后，你都有10秒鐘的時(shí)間來回答有關(guān)小題和閱讀下一小題。每段對(duì)話僅

讀一遍。

1.WhatwillthespeakersdoonThursday?

A.Playfootball.B.Watchamovie.C.Gohiking.

2.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Placeanorder.B.Designauniform.C.Formateam.

3.WhatisSally'sfavoritecity?

A.Paris.B.Madrid.C.Venice

4.Wherewillthespeakersgo?

A.Toacafe.B.Toadessertshop.C.Toabookstore.

5.WhatrelationisMr.Gomeztotheman?

A.Histeacher.B.Hisclient.C.Hisboss.

第二節(jié)（共15小題；每小題1.5分，滿分22.5分）

聽下面5段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白后有幾個(gè)小題，從題中所給的A、B、C三個(gè)選項(xiàng)

中選出最佳選項(xiàng)，并標(biāo)在試卷的相應(yīng)位置。聽每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白前，你將有時(shí)間閱讀各個(gè)小

題，每小題5秒鐘；聽完后，各小題將給出5秒鐘的作答時(shí)間。每段對(duì)話或獨(dú)白讀兩遍。

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第6至7題。

6.Whatisthemandoing?

A.Drivingacar.B.Repairingacar.C.Borrowingacar.

7.Howdoesthemansoundintheend?

A.Confused.B.Hesitant.C.Confident.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第8至10題。

8.Whatarethespeakersdiscussing?

A.Ajobcandidate.B.Anewworkmate.C.Travelanangements.

9.HowdoesStevenJohnsonimpresstheman?

A.Byhisworkingexperiences.

B.Byhiscommunicationskills.

C.Byhisinternationalbackground.

10.WhenwillthespeakersmeetStevenJohnson?

A.Tomorrow.B.Nextweek.C.Theweekafternext.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第11至13題。

11.WhatwillthemandoonMonday?

A.Startanewposition.

B.Packhisbelongings.

C.Attendameeting.

12.Whatisthemanbusydoingnow?

A.Movingtohisnewoffice.

B.Checkingoffofficesupplies.

C.Preparingfbrapromotioncampaign.

13.Whatdoesthewomanoffertodo?

A.Reviewanexpensereport.

BProvidethemanwithsupplies.

C.Arrangeacompanycelebration.

聽下面一段對(duì)話，回答第14至17題。

14.Wherewilltheeventtakeplace?

A.Atacoffeeshop.B.Atamusichall.C.Atapark.

15.Whydidthewomanchoosethelocation?

A.It'sprivate.

B.Ifsfamilyfriendly.

C.It'srequestedbythecharity.

16.Whatdoesthewomanaskthemantodo?

A.Organizesomeactivities

B.Contributesomemoney.

C.Contactsomebands.

17.Whatistheevent'spurpose?

A.Tohearsomelivemusic.

B.Tohelpananimalshelter.

C.Tohavesomefamilyfun.

聽下面一段獨(dú)白，回答第18至20題。

18.WhydidthespeakerlearnArabic?

A.ShewantedtostudyinCairo.

B.Shebecameinterestedintheculture.

C.ShewasinspiredbyherArabiclecturer.

19.Whatisthebiggestchallengeforthespeaker?

A.Sufferingfromcultureshock.

B.Findingahotelandaccommodation.

C.MasteringwrittenandspokenArabic.

20.Whatexcitesthespeakermost?

A.Beinginvitedtoameal.

B.Shoppingatalocalmarket.

C.Gettingtoknowthelocals.

第二部分閱讀（共兩節(jié)，滿分50分）

第一節(jié)（共15小題；每小題2.5分，滿分37.5分）

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中選出最佳選項(xiàng)。

A

WelcometoTampere,thesecondmetropolis（大都市）inFinland.Youcanfreelychoosefromthebesthotels

inthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.

HotelliVille

HotelliVilleisaself-servicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.Villeissuitableforbusinesstravelers

andanyonetravelingaloneorinsmallgroups.HotelliVilleofferswell-equippedrooms.HotelVillatreatsgueststo

thesimplepleasuresoflife,eachroomhavingitsownTV,microwaveoven,mini-fridge,coffeemakerandelectric

kettle.€75foronenight.

GrandHotelTammer

Enjoyneoclassicalelegancehere!Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunningaccommodationby

theTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,withinwalking

distanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.Yourllfindpublictransportationoptionslessthanakilometerfrom

thehotel,andTampere-PirkkalaAirportisjusta15-minutedriveaway.€99foronenight

ScandicTampereStation

It'samodernandtrendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaanda

lovingsummerterrace.Wealsoofferaprivatecarparkwith53spaces,aswellasfreewirelessInternetthroughout

thewholehotel.Freebreakfastisoffered.€128foronenight.

OriginalSokosHotelVilla

ThecompletelyrenovatedandairconditionedSokosHotelVillaisamodern6-storeyhotellocatedinanold

grainstorageontheTullintorisquare.Arenovationhasbroughtacompletelynewdesignforthehotefsrooms,

lobbyandbar,aswellasrenewedbathroomsandelectrics.Villaisasmallhotelwithbigservices.Comeandrelax

inthelovelyOriginalSokosHotelVilla!€132foronenight.

1.WhatconveniencecanyoufindinbothHotelliVilleandScandicTampereStation?

A.FreeInternetaccess.B.Stunningaccommodation.

C.Breakfastwithoutextrapay.D.Privilegedlocationinthecitycenter.

2.Whichcanyouchooseifyouwantahotelwithabeautifulnaturalview?

A.HotelliVille.B.GrandHotelTammer.

C.ScandicTampereStation.D.OriginalSokosHotelVilla.

3.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage?

A.Toguide.B.Todescribe.

C.Tocompare.D.Toadvertise.

【答案】l.D2.B3.D

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了芬蘭的第二大大都市-坦佩雷最受歡迎的四個(gè)酒店。

【1題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)HotelliVille中的"HotelliVilleisaself-servicehotellocatednearthecenterofTampere.

（HotelliVille是一家自助酒店位于坦佩雷的中心。）”以及ScandicTampereStation**It'samodernand

trendycityhotelintheheartofTamperewitharelaxedandstylishbar,gym,saunaandalovingsummerterrace.

（坦佩雷火車站這是一家現(xiàn)代時(shí)尚的城市酒店，位于坦佩雷市中心，擁有輕松時(shí)尚的酒吧、健身房、桑拿

浴室和可愛的夏季露臺(tái)。）”可知，在hoteltelliVille和坦佩雷站方便之處是位于市中心的優(yōu)越位置。故選

D。

【2題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)GrandHotelTammer中的“Beautifullysituatedbetween2lakes,itoffersstunning

accommodationbytheTammerkoskirapids.Builtin1929,thisboutiquehotelstandsinthehistoricriversidearea,

withinwalkingdistanceofseveralmuseumsandMarketSquare.（它坐落在兩個(gè)湖泊之間，在塔默科斯基急流

旁提供令人驚嘆的住宿。建于1929年，這家精品酒店站在歷史悠久的河邊地區(qū)，步行距離內(nèi)的幾個(gè)博物

館和市場廣場。）”可知，如果你想要一個(gè)擁有美麗自然景觀的酒店，你可以選擇GrandHotelTammer,

故選B（.

【3題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"WelcometoTampere,thesecondmetropolis（大都市）inFinland.Youcanfreely

choosefromthebesthotelsinthecitywiththemostlikesonourwebsite.（歡迎來到坦佩雷，芬蘭的第二大大都

市。您可以在我們的網(wǎng)站上自由選擇本市最好、最受歡迎的酒店。）”可知，本文的寫作目的是為了給四

個(gè)酒店做廣告。故選D。

Oneevening,RachelLapierreboughta$4scratchticketwhilepickingupgroceries.Afteranexhaustingday,

sheneededsomethingtoliftherspirits.The46-year-oldmotheroffourwaswearingherselfthinasanearlyfull-

timeemergencyroomnurseandpart-timevolunteeraidworker.

Shelongedtobeabletoonedayquitnursingjobandfocusonthevolunteerworkshefoundmostfulfilling.

Shevowedtoherselfthatifsheeverwonthelotterythat'swhatshewoulddo.

Lapierrewenthomeandscratchedherticket,revealingthreesunnyfaces.Thenextday,theLoto-Quebecoffice

informedherthatshehadwonalumpsumofS675,000or$1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter."Iknow

myself/'shesaid."Thelumpsumwouldhavemeltedlikesnowinthesun.”

Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelpingothersthroughher

passionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegisteredcharity

LeBook,asLapierre,now62,affectionatelycallsit,beganasasimplelistofgooddeeds.Toher,thedeeds

werejustsmallactsofkindness—buyingclothesforafamilyofnewlyarrivedimmigrants,deliveringamealtoan

isolatedseniororgivingmedicalattentiontosomeonelivingonthestreets.

“LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,saysMartyne,52.Theformer

special-educationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletoworksincegettingsickinMarch2020.

MartyneisnowonLeBook'sfooddeliveryroute."Withcourtesyandnojudgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatwe

need,^^shesays.

“Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect,saysLapierre."Onegooddeedcanaffect10people.So

ifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.^^

4.WhydidLapierrechoose$1,000aweekforlifeinsteadofalumpsum?

A.Alumpsumwaslikelytovanishlikesnow.

B.Shewantedtomakebetteruseofthemoney.

C.Shehadnoideahowtospendalargefortune.

D.Shewasafraidthemoneywouldbeeasilystolen.

5.WhyisthestoryofMartynementioned?

A.ToexplainhowLeBookworks.

B.ToshowLeBook'sgreatinfluence.

C.Totellpeoplehermiserableexperience.

D.ToappealtomorepeopletojoinLeBook.

6.WhichofthefollowingwordscanbestdescribeLapierre?

A.Generousandkind二hearted.B.Committedandcourageous.

C.Determinedandhumble.D.Energeticandcreative.

7.WhatcanbeinferredfromLapierre'swordsinthelastparagraph?

A.Manyhandsmakelightwork.B.Rosesgiven,fragranceinhand.

C.Onegoodturndeservesanother.D.Actionspeakslouderthanwords.

【答案】4.B5.B6.A7.A

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是記敘文。文章講述了刮刮彩票中獎(jiǎng)的拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護(hù)士的工作，并通過她

的項(xiàng)目“LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，她認(rèn)為一件好事可以影響十個(gè)人。如果我們都做一件好

事就可以拯救世界。

【4題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“Thenextday,theLoto-Quebecofficeinformedherthatshehadwonalumpsumof

675,000。r1,000aweekforlife.Shechosethelatter."Iknowmyself,“shesaid."Thelumpsumwouldhave

meltedlikesnowinthesun.”（第二天，樂透魁北克辦事處通知她，她贏得了67.5萬美元的一次性獎(jiǎng)金，即

終身每周1000美元。她選擇了后者。“我了解我自己，”她說?！罢P錢會(huì)像陽光下的雪一樣融

化?！埃?和第四段"Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifetohelping

othersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegisteredcharity（拉皮埃爾

信守諾言，辭去了護(hù)士的工作，并通過她的熱情項(xiàng)目LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助他人，該項(xiàng)目已成

為一家注冊(cè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）”推知，拉皮埃爾選擇每周1000美元而不是一次性支付是因?yàn)樗敫玫乩眠@

筆錢。故選B。

【5題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段'"'LeBookhashadanimmenseimpactonmeandonmanyvulnerablepeople,"

saysMartyne,52.Theformerspecial-educationtechniciansuffersfromlongCovidandhasbeenunabletowork

sincegettingsickinMarch2020.MartyneisnowonLcBook'sfooddeliveryroute.''Withcourtesyandno

judgment,LeBookhelpsusgetwhatweneed,"shesays.（"LeBook對(duì)我和許多弱勢(shì)群體產(chǎn)生了巨大的影

響，”52歲的馬蒂娜說。這位前特殊教育技術(shù)人員長期感染新冠病毒，自2020年3月生病以來一直無法

工作。馬蒂娜現(xiàn)在在LeBook的送餐路線上。她說：“LeBook禮貌而不加評(píng)判地幫助我們得到了我們需

要的東西。可知，提到馬蒂娜的故事為了顯示這本書的巨大影響。故選B。

6題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段"Stayingtruetoherword,Lapierrequithernursingjobanddedicatedherlifeto

helpingothersthroughherpassionproject,LeBookHumanitaire,whichhassincebecomearegistered

charity（拉皮埃爾信守諾言，辭去了護(hù)士的工作，并通過她的熱情項(xiàng)目LeBookHumanitaire致力于幫助

他人，該項(xiàng)目已成為一家注冊(cè)慈善機(jī)構(gòu)）”可知，拉皮埃爾慷慨善良。故選A。

【7題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段""Whenyoudoagooddeed,ithasabutterflyeffect/saysLapierre.'Onegood

deedcanaffect10people.Soifwealldoagooddeed?Thatcansavetheworld.\u當(dāng)你做了一件好事,它會(huì)產(chǎn)

生蝴蝶效應(yīng)，”拉皮埃爾說?！耙患檬驴梢杂绊懯畟€(gè)人。如果我們都做一件好事呢?這可以拯救世

界?？芍?，從拉皮埃爾話可推斷出：眾人拾柴火焰高。故選A。

C

Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,sheapproachesabed,crawlsin,closes

thelidandfallsasleep.Herbodyisfrozenforatriptoaplanetseverallight-yearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershe

wakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhileasleepiscalled"suspendedanimation^^.

Sceneslikethisarethestaplecontentofsciencefiction.Allofthesestorieshavesomethingincommon:People

enteranunconsciousstateinwhichtheycansurviveforalongtime.Nothinglikethisisyetpossibleinthereal

world.Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:Theyhibernate.Thismighthold

somelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspaceflights.

“Ithinkthisisrealistic,vsaysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist/itwouldbedonebymakingourselvesas

similaraswecantoahibernator.^^

Asananimalhibernates,itchillsitsbodyandslowsitsheartrateandbreathing.Metabolism（新陳代謝）

alsoslows.Todothis,ananimalmustturnonandoffcertaingeneswhentheyhibernate.Thosegenesdothingslike

controllingwhetherananimalburnssugarsorfatsforfuel.Othergenesareinvolvedinkeepingmusclesstrong.

Humanshavemanyofthesesamegenes.Turningsomeofthesegenesonoroffmightallowhumanstodosomething

similartohibernation.

Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelowfreezing,itissuggestedthat

peoplemighthibernatelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeepbonesandmusclesstrong.

Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.Hibernationcouldcuttheamount

offood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromtheinevitableboredomoflongtripsin

space.

8.Whatisthefunctionofthefirstparagraph?

A.Totellreadersastory.B.Togiveadefinition.

C.Tosharescientificknowledge.D.Tointroducethetopicofthetext.

9.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“this"inparagraph2referto?

A.Humanhibernation.B.Livingforever.

C.Boardingspaceships.D.Animals1suspendedanimation.

10.What'sKatharineGrabek'sattitudetohumanhibernation?

A.Doubtful.B.Critical.

C.Positive.D.Dismissive.

11.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytalkaboutconcerninghumanhibernation?

A.Itscurrentproblems.B.Itsworkingmechanism.

C.Itsbenefitsforastronauts.D.Itsappealtothescientists.

【答案】8.D9.A10.C11.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了一些動(dòng)物和鳥類的冬眠可能會(huì)為如何讓未來的宇航員進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)

以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。

【8題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段“Ateenagerjoinsalineofpeopleboardingaspaceship.Onceonboard,she

approachesabed,crawlsin,closesthelidandfallsasleep.Herbodyisfrozenfbratriptoaplanetseverallight-

yearsfromEarth.Afewyearslatershewakesup,stillthesameage.Thisabilitytoputherlifeonpausewhile

asleepiscalled'suspendedanimation5.（一名青少年加入了登上宇宙飛船的隊(duì)伍。一上船，她就走近一張

床，爬進(jìn)去，蓋上蓋子睡著了。她的身體被冷凍起來，準(zhǔn)備前往距離地球幾光年的星球。幾年后，她醒

了過來，還是老樣子。這種在睡眠中讓生命暫停的能力被稱為“假死”。）”可知，第一段通過講述一

個(gè)例子來引出文章的主題：未來的宇航員可以進(jìn)入冬眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行。故選D。

【9題詳解】

詞義猜測題。根據(jù)第二段“Butsomeanimalsandbirdshavetheirownformsofsuspendedanimation:They

hibernate.Thismightholdsomelessonsforhowtoputastronautsofthefutureintohibernationforlongspace

flights.（但是一些動(dòng)物和鳥類有它們自己的假死形式：它們冬眠。這可能會(huì)為如何讓未來的宇航員進(jìn)入冬

眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)。）”可知，動(dòng)物的冬眠會(huì)為如何讓未來的宇航員進(jìn)入冬

眠狀態(tài)以進(jìn)行長期太空飛行提供一些經(jīng)驗(yàn)教訓(xùn)，this指代人類冬眠。故選A。

【10題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段“'Ithinkthisisrealistic/saysKatharineGrabek,afamousbiologist/Itwouldbe

donebymakingourselvesassimilaraswecantoahibernator/（“我認(rèn)為這是現(xiàn)實(shí)的，”著名生物學(xué)家凱瑟

琳?格拉貝克說?！耙龅竭@一點(diǎn)，我們就得把自己變得盡可能像冬眠動(dòng)物?！保笨芍?，凱瑟琳?格

拉布克對(duì)人類冬眠的態(tài)度是積極的。故選C。

【11題詳解】

主旨大意題。根據(jù)最后一段"Sinceapersonprobablywouldn'tsurvivetheirbodytemperaturedroppingbelow

freezing,itissuggestedthatpeoplemighthibematelikebears.Ifpeoplearelikebears,hibernationmayhelpkeep

bonesandmusclesstrong.Thatisimportantinspace.Bonesandmusclestendtobreakdowninlowgravity.

Hibernationcouldcuttheamountoffood,waterandoxygenthaterewsneed.Anditcouldsavepeoplefromthe

inevitableboredomoflongtripsinspace.（由于一個(gè)人可能無法在體溫低于冰點(diǎn)的情況下生存，所以有人建

議人們像熊一樣冬眠。如果人們像熊一樣，冬眠可能有助于保持骨骼和肌肉強(qiáng)壯。這在太空中很重要。

骨骼和肌肉在低重力下容易分解。冬眠可以減少蜜蜂所需的食物、水和氧氣的數(shù)量。它還可以使人們免

于長途太空旅行不可避免的無聊。）”可知，最后一段主要談?wù)撽P(guān)于人類冬眠對(duì)宇航員的好處。故選

Co

D

IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.Thistale,whichbecameone

ofthebestexamplesofself-fulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfatherLaius,unconsciously（ormaybe

consciously?）demonstratedtheirfate.LiketheOedipustale,wemayhaveself-prophesiedourdestinyinseveral

aspectsofourlives,whetherpositiveornegative.Forinstance,haveyoueverforeseensomethingthateventually

happenedtoyou?You'renotalone.

Aself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson'sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakes

theirthoughtscometrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabeliefaboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyour

actionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,theassumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencing

theirviewsaboutyou.

Foralongtime,self-fulfillingprophecieshavegrabbedtheattentionofsociologyandpsychologyresearchers,

whowanttounderstandhowtheyimpacthumanbehavior.RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstrateda

uniquetypeofself-fulfillingprophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.

Theresearcherstoldteachersthatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe"growthspurts（快速成長）"groupbased

ontheirIQtests.Later,theyretestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth“ordinary”and"growth-spurts”

students,discoveringthatthe“growth-spurts“showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary"ones.The

Pygmalioneffectshowsthatwhenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthose

expectations.Thismayinfluencetheperson\behavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,becomingaclassic

exampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy.

Self-fulfillingpropheciesaresodeep-rootedinourpsychologyandsocialenvironmentthatweoftendon't

evennoticethattheycaninfluenceouractivitiesregularly,whetherathome,school,orwork.Whenusingself-

fulfillingpropheciestoachievegoals,it'sessentialtohaveapositiveoutlookandtofocusontheactionsyoucan

taketobringaboutthedesiredoutcome.Believingthatyoucansucceedisanessentialpartofmakingithappen.

12.Howdoestheauthorintroducethetopic?

A.Byquestioningatheory.B.Bymakingacomparison.

C.Bygivinganexample.D.Bycitingothers'ideas.

13.Whichofthefollowingisanexampleofaself-fulfillingprophecy?

A.Thosewhoarediligentaremorelikelytosucceed.

B.Oneinsecureabouthisabilitytopasstheexamfailsatlast.

C.Thelowerone'sexpectationsare,thelessdisappointedhewillbe.

D.Agymnastputshermostimpressiveskillattheendoftheroutine.

14.Whatdoestheexperimentinparagraph3focuson?

A.Thewidegapbetweenstudents.

B.HowIQtestsfunctioninone'sactions.

C.Thedifferenceofpeople'sexpectations.

D.Howothers1expectationsaffectone'sbehavior.

15.What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A.HowisthePygmalioneffectappliedintoeducation?

B.Self-fulfillingprophecy:awell-receivedphilosophy.

C.Howdoesaself-fulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?

D.Oedipustale:agoodexampleofself-fulfillingprophecy.

【答案】12.C13.B14.D15.C

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章講述了自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言會(huì)定期影響我們的活動(dòng)，無論是在家里、學(xué)校還是

工作中。當(dāng)使用自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言來實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)時(shí)，有一個(gè)積極的前景和關(guān)注你可以采取的行動(dòng)來實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)期

的結(jié)果是至關(guān)重要的。相信自己能成功是成功的關(guān)鍵。

【12題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第一段"IfyouareintoGreekmythology,youprobablyhaveheardthestoryofOedipus.

Thistale,whichbecameoneofthebestexamplesofself-fulfillingprophecy,showshowOedipusandhisfather

Laius,unconsciously（ormaybeconsciously?）demonstratedtheirfate.（如果你對(duì)希臘神話感興趣，你可能聽說

過俄狄浦斯的故事。這個(gè)故事成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言的最好例子之一，它展示了俄狄浦斯和他的父親拉伊俄

斯是如何無意識(shí)地（或者可能是有意識(shí)地?）展示了他們的命運(yùn)）”并結(jié)合下文對(duì)預(yù)言會(huì)影響我們的活動(dòng)，幫

助實(shí)現(xiàn)目標(biāo)的介紹推知，作者通過舉例來介紹主題。故選C。

【13題詳解】

推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段的Aself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson'sbeliefgeneratesaconsciousor

unconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtscometrue.（自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言是指一個(gè)人的信念產(chǎn)生了一種有意

識(shí)或無意識(shí)的行為，使他們的想法成真）”可知，一個(gè)對(duì)自己能否通過考試沒有信心的人最終失敗了，這

是一個(gè)自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言的例子。故選B。

【14題詳解】

細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段“RobertRosenthalandLenoreJacobsondemonstratedauniquetypeofself-fulfilling

prophecywiththeirexperimentwithchildrenintheclassroom:thePygmalioneffect.Theresearcherstoldteachers

thatsomeoftheirstudentswerepartofthe“growthspurts（快速成長）“groupbasedontheirIQtests.Later,they

retestedthestudentsandcollecteddatafromboth"ordinary"and"growth-spurts“students,discoveringthatthe

"growth-spurts“showedamuchbetterperformancethanthe“ordinary"ones.ThePygmalioneffectshowsthat

whenyoucreateexpectationsaboutpeople,youwilllikelytreatthembasedonthoseexpectations.Thismay

influencetheperson'sbehavior,whoactsaccordingtothatexpectation,becomingaclassicexampleofasei足

fulfillingprophecy.（（RobertRosenthal和（LenoreJacobson通過在教室里對(duì)兒童進(jìn)行的實(shí)驗(yàn)，展示了一種獨(dú)

特的自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言：皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)。研究人員告訴老師，他們的一些學(xué)生是“快速成長”的一部分。

根據(jù)智商測試得出的結(jié)論后來，他們重新測試了這些學(xué)生，并收集了“普通”學(xué)生和“快速成長”學(xué)生

的數(shù)據(jù)，發(fā)現(xiàn)“快速成長”學(xué)生的表現(xiàn)要比“普通”學(xué)生好得多。皮格馬利翁效應(yīng)表明，當(dāng)你對(duì)別人產(chǎn)

生期望時(shí)，你很可能會(huì)基于這些期望來對(duì)待他們。這可能會(huì)影響一個(gè)人的行為，他會(huì)根據(jù)這種期望行

事，成為自我實(shí)現(xiàn)預(yù)言的典型例子）”可知，實(shí)驗(yàn)關(guān)注的是別人的期望如何影響一個(gè)人的行為。故選D。

【15題詳解】

主旨大意題。通讀全文，并根據(jù)第二段uAself-fulfillingprophecyiswhenaperson^beliefgeneratesa

consciousorunconsciousbehaviorthatmakestheirthoughtscometrue.Itworkslikeacycle.Youholdabelief

aboutotherpeopleandyourselfwhichaffectsyouractionsconcerningthemoryourself.Forothers,the

assumptionsaffecthowyouacttowardthem,thusinfluencingtheirviewsaboutyou.（自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言是指一個(gè)

人的信念產(chǎn)生了一種有意識(shí)或無意識(shí)的行為，使他們的想法成真。這就像一個(gè)循環(huán)。你對(duì)別人和你自己

持有一種信念，這種信念會(huì)影響你對(duì)他們或你自己的行為。對(duì)其他人來說，這些假設(shè)會(huì)影響你對(duì)他們的

行為，從而影響他們對(duì)你的看法）”可知，文章主要講述了自我實(shí)現(xiàn)的預(yù)言如何影響人們的生活。C項(xiàng)

v

“Howdoesaself-fulfillingprophecyimpactyourlife?符合最佳標(biāo)題。故選Co

第二節(jié)（共5小題，每小題2.5分，滿分12.5分）

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選

項(xiàng)。

Theworkplacecanbeaperfectbreeding-groundforfctMisergonian,alsocalleddeskrage（憤怒）.It'sacondition

inwhichaseriesofnoisesanddisorderscausepeopledistress.

SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefire-alarmtestisacaseinpoint/'Attentionplease,

attentionplease,vshoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.16Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareof

keyboardthumpers-peoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.

17"Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade,“ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomake

apoint.Whynotjustsay"Idon'tvalueyourtime?1'

SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesoul-destroying.Theprinterjustdoesn't

work.18Yourcursor（光標(biāo)）isjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyourmousetowardsit,nothing

happens.“Eitheryourcursorisinacomaorthebatteryhasrunout,"oilersupacolleaguehelpfully.Someoneelse

fillsthegap."Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade.^theybegin.

19Itstartsinnocentlyenough,withsomeoneaskingforhelpwithaproblem.Incomeoneortwo

replies,andthensuddenly,ashower,asifnothingelsematteredotherthanansweringthisonequestion.Thereare

repliestoreplies,andrepliestorepliestoreplies.Everyoneseemstobeenjoyingthemselveshugely,butthereis

alwaysasilent,sufferinggroup.

Individualworkershavetheirowntriggers.ThereisnocureforMisergonia.Theworkplaceisacollectionof

peoplekeepingintouchindifferentways.Theirhabitsandnoisesturnintosomethingfamiliarforsomecolleagues

butannoyingforothers.20

A.You'dbetteraskthemforhelp.

B.Andthenthereisthereply-allemail.

COthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.

D.Orthemousethatgivesupatjustthewrongmoment.

E.Nowadays,thecomputerhasbecomeanessentialtool.

F.Theonlyreleaseistotrytobeunderstandingandgetusedtoit.

G.Verbalphrases（口頭禪）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.

【答案】16.C17.G18.D19.B20.F

【解析】

【導(dǎo)語】本文是說明文。文章介紹了工作場所可能是“桌怒癥”（Misergonia）的完美滋生地。這是一種由

一系列噪音和紊亂引起的病癥。

【16題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“SoundsareoftenthetriggerforMisergonia.Theroutinefire-alarmtestisacaseinpoint/Attention

please,attentionplease/shoutsavoicethatisimpossibletoignore.（聲音通常是“桌怒癥”的誘因。例行的

火警警報(bào)測試就是一個(gè)很好的例子?！罢?qǐng)注意，請(qǐng)注意，”一個(gè)讓人無法忽視的聲音喊道。）”可知，

這是一種無法忽視的“桌怒癥”聲音。以及空后“Forexample,everyofficehasitsshareofkeyboard

thumpers-peoplewhosegoalseemstobenotproducingadocumentbutdestroyingtheequipment.（例如，每個(gè)

辦公室都有敲鍵盤的人，他們的目標(biāo)似乎不是制作文件，而是破壞設(shè)備。）”可知，這里舉例一些讓人

討厭的聲音。CuOthernoisesarenotsoloudbutjustasannoying.（其他的聲音沒有那么大，但同樣令人

討厭。）”符合語境。故選C。

【17題詳解】

根據(jù)空后“'Thisisapointthathasalreadybeenmade/ishowweirdlylargenumbersofpeoplestarttomakea

point.Whynotjustsay4Idon*tvalueyourtime7,（"這是一個(gè)已經(jīng)有人提出的觀點(diǎn)?！逼婀值氖牵罅康娜?/p>

開始提出一個(gè)觀點(diǎn)。為什么不直接說“我不珍惜你的時(shí)間”呢？）”，可知，這里講述的是讓“桌怒

癥”患者頭痛的口頭語。G項(xiàng)Verbalphrases（口頭禪）areanotherheadacheforMisergoniasufferers.（口

頭禪是“桌怒癥”患者的另一個(gè)頭痛問題。）”符合語境。故選G。

【18題詳解】

根據(jù)空前“SmallITfailuresareafactofofficelife,buttheycanstillbesoul-destroying.Theprinterjustdoesn't

work.（小的IT故障是辦公室生活的一個(gè)事實(shí)，但它們?nèi)匀豢梢源輾ъ`魂。打印機(jī)壞了。）”可知，這是

硬件出現(xiàn)了故障。以及空后“Yourcursorisjustthere,butwhenyoumoveyo