2023年初中學生科普英語競賽模擬題

初中學生科普英語競賽（請把你選中旳答案A、B、C或D做在答題卡或答題紙旳規(guī)定位置上。）PARTIScienceKnowledge(15分)Directions:Thereisonlyonecorrectanswer.MarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.Whentheantsarefirsthatched,theyareverysmalland_____.A.hopelessB.uselessC.helplessD.legless Thatnewexperimentbuilding_____anareaof5000squaremeters.A.includesB.holdsC.takesD.coversPeopleshouldget_____ofsleepastheyneedtofeelrested.A.asmanyhoursB.asmuchhoursC.somuchhourD.somanyhourThephenomenonofluckisnotalldowntochance,butisaffectedbyaperson’s_____disposition.A.generalB.gentleC.generousD.giantTheageoffossilscanbefoundbyaprocess_____carbondating.A.beingcalledB.calledC.callingD.tocallSuddenlythebatteryonyourmobilephonehas_____,youcan’tmakeanycallforhelp. A.rundownB.runafterC.runoffD.runoutWhenaplantoranimaldies,thecarbon14inthecellsbeginsto_____.A.breakinB.breakthroughC.breakupD.breakdownThereisnoproofthat_____sleepwill_____life.A.short…lengthB.shorten…lengthC.shortened…lengthenD.shortening…lengthenTheprojectteambelievessuchcomputerwould_____inteachingandlearning.A.playamajorfunctionB.performamainfunctionC.playamajorroleD.displayamainroleOnceaheartdiseasehasseriouslyweakenedapatient’sheart,heart_____canbeperformedtosavehislife.A.transplantsB.transportationC.translationsD.transformsWhenreaderswereasked_____animalsshouldbeusedformedicalresearch,nearly80percentsaidyes.A.whichB.whatC.whereD.whetherFeelingsofpain_____whensignalsfromnerveendingsintheskinaresenttothebrain.A.recordB.resourceC.resultD.rescueThescientistperformedhisexperimentoverandoveragain,______tillmidnight.A.workedB.workingC.toworkD.havetoworkFourteenboysintheclassshavedtheirheadsafterlearningthattheirfriendwouldlosehishairafterreceivingdrug_____forcancer.A.tradesB.treatmentsC.treasuresD.tracksThegovernmentpassedthelawstoprotecttheplantsandanimalsonthe_____specieslist.A.endangeredB.dangerousC.endangeringD.dangerPARTIIGrammar&Vocabulary(15分)Directions:Thereisonlyonecorrectanswerforeachsentence.MarkthecorrespondingletterontheAnswerSheet.16.Moreandmoreforeignerswantto_______theircompaniesinZhejiang.A.cleanupB.lookupC.pickupD.openup17.CanI______yourdictionary?--Sony,I'musingit.A.borrowB.lendC.keepD.return18._______mecarefully,boysandgirls.Canyou_____meclearly.9A.Listento,hearfromB.Hear,listentoC.Hear,hearD.Listento,hear19.Letthechildrengoaway.They'remakingtomuch_______here.A.noiseB.voiceC.soundsD.songs20.Thestudentsputdowntheirpenswhentheteacher_____themtostopwriting.A.saidB.spokeC.toldD.talked21.He________livinginthecountrytothecity.A.likesB.prefersC.enjoysD.loves22.Manygirlslike__________skirtsinsummer.A.wearingB.dressingC.inD.puttingon23Ifyoudon'tknowaword,youcan________thewordinadictionary.A.lookupB.lookdownC.lookoverD.lookout24MrLiwouldliketo_________usaninterestingstory.A.tellB.talkC.sayD.speak25._________alwaytheoldbooksand__________methatnewone.A.Bring,bringB.Bring,takeC.Take,takeD.Take,bring26.--I'mgoingtoschoolnow,Mum,Bye.--Justaminute.It'scoldoutside,_________yourcoat,please.A.PutonB.TakeoffC.PutupD.Takedown27.Itisbettertoteachamantofishthan________himfish.A.togiveB.givingC.tofindD.finding28.ThisTVsetistooloud,willyouplease_________?A.turndownitB.turnitdownC.toturnitdownD.toturndownit29.Itwillbewarmertomorrow.Thetemperaturewill_________again.A.fallbelowB.goupC.stayaboveD.keepon30.Dickisn'there.He_________thecinema.A.hasgonetoB.hasbeentoC.hasbeenawayD.hasbeenwithPARTIIICloze(完形填空)(20分)Passage1AnewstudyhasshownthatmosquitoescancarryAIDSvirusesintheirbodiesforafewdays,buttheinsectsdonotseemtospreadthevirus.Inan31,mosquitoesthatfedonblood32withtheAIDSviruswerelaterfoundtohavethevirusintheirbodies.33,themosquitoesdidnotseemtopass34thevirustoasampleofuninfectedbloodwhenthemosquitoesfedonthatsample.Similarexperiments35recentlyinSouthAfricahave36thesameresults.TheAIDSviruscanstayinamosquitofortwoorthreedays,37totheexperiment.Whileinthemosquito,thevirusdoesnotmultiply.Thus,themosquitomightbeviewed38amomentaryflyingsyringe,thatprobablycarries39toolittleAIDSvirusto40theinfection.31.A.experienceB.experimentC.exampleD.explanation32.A.toinfectB.infectC.infectingD.infected33.A.HoweverB.MoreoverC.ThereforeD.Besides34.A.onB.byC.offD.for35.A.concludedB.combinedC.conductedD.concentrated36.A.processedB.producedC.progressedD.promoted37.A.accordingB.dueC.owingD.similar38.A.toB.likeC.forD.as39.A.stillB.evenC.farD.much40.A.slowB.spreadC.speedD.stopPassage2Alltheusefulenergyatthesurfaceoftheearthcomesfromtheactivityofthesun.Thesunheatsand41mankind.Eachyearitprovidesmen42twohundredmilliontonsofgrainandnearlytenmilliontonsofwood.Coal,oil,43gas,andallotherfuelsarestored-upenergy44thesun.Somewascollectedbythisseason’splantsascarboncompounds(碳化合物).Somewasstoredbyplantsandtreesages45.Evenwaterpowercomesfromthesun.Water46intovaporbythesunfallsasrain.Itflowsdownthemountainsandisconvertedtoelectricpower.Lighttransmitsonlytheenergy47comesfromthesun’souterlayers,and48ofthisenergythatisdirectlytowardtheearthneverarrives.About49ofitisabsorbedbytheatmosphereoftheearth.50,theearthitselfgetsonlyonehalf-billionthofthesun’sentireoutputofradiantenergy.41.A.warmsB.feedsC.fuelsD.supplies42.A.forB.byC.withD.to43.A.nativeB.neatC.naturalD.normal44.A.fromB.byC.atD.in45.A.beforeB.afterC.everD.ago46.A.turnedB.wasturnedC.turningD.turns47.A.andB.thatC.whenD.where48.A.anumberB.moreC.manyD.much49.A.ninths-tenB.ninth-tensC.nine-tenthsD.nines-tenth50.A.InuseB.InfactC.InadditionD.InoperationPARTIVReadingComprehension(閱讀理解)(40分)Passage1Languageisn’ttheonlysignofanimalintelligence.ACanadianpsychologist,Dr.DavidSherry,hasstudiedtheremarkablememoryofnutcracker,abirdthatstoresfood，mostlypineseeds,intinycaches,orholes,intheground.AnativeofwesternNorthAmerica,onenutcrackermakes100to200separatecacheseverydayinthefallandwinter.Whenspringarrives,thebirdreturnstothesecachestoeattheseeds.Dr.Sherrysaysthatmonthsafterburyingtheseeds,thebirdsrememberexactlywheretheystoredthem.Theyflydirectlytotheholeswithnoneedtohuntandpeck.“Thesebirdshaveahighlyspecializedspatialmemory---it’samazing,”saysDr.Sherry.Dr.Sherrysaysthatmemoryinmanyanimalsisassociatedwithanareainthebraincalledthehippocampus.Hefoundthatfood-storingbirdshavealargerhippocampusthanbirdsthatdon’tstorefood.HippocampusdamageisonesignofAlzheimer’sdisease,abraindegenerativediseasemarkedbyafailingmemory.Whatdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?A.Somekindsofbirdshaveexcellentmemory.B.Howbirdsstorefoodintheground.C.Howbirdsfindtheirstoredfood.Whybirdsliketoburyseedsintheground.Nutcrackerisakindofbirdthat_____.A.storesseedsinthegroundB.singsverynicelyfliestonorthinwinterdaysworksdiligentlyWhenspringarrives,thebird_____.A.returnsfromnorthB.fliesbacktofindthestoredfoodC.startstobuilditsnewhomeD.becomesbusyincollectingseedsAccordingtoDr.Sherry,ifone’shippocampusishurt,hemay_____.A.losehisabilitytotalkB.becomeveryforgetfulC.dieverysoonbecomeeasytogetangryThephrase“associatedwith”inthelastparagraphhasthesamemeaningas_____?A.“l(fā)inkedto”B.“coveredwith”C.“l(fā)ocatedat”D.“storedin”Passage2 Gordonwasa25-year-oldscienceteacherin1966whenheboughtabrand-newcarVolvoP1800.Today,Gordon,nowretired,stillownsthesameVolvo.LastMarch,heputthe2millionthmileonthecar. Gordon’svehiclehitthebig2millionataTVceremonyheldinTimesSquareinNewYorkCity. TowhatdoesGordonowehiscar’sverylonglife? “Volvosareverystrongcars,”hesaid.“Also,Idrivesensibly.AndItakeverygoodcareofthecar.” Gordonchangestheoilevery3,000miles;usesonlythesamebrandofoil;changesthesparkplugs（火花塞）every20,000miles;washesthecarregularly;waxesitatleasttwiceayear;andspendsafewminuteseachweekcheckingunderthehood(車篷),amongotherthings.“Beingascienceteacher,Ihaveabetterideaofthewaysthingswork,”hesaid. Gordonsaysthevehiclestillhasmanyofitsoriginalparts.Butmanyparts,suchasthestartermotor,thebrakes（剎車）,andthewaterpump,havebeenrebuiltorreplaced. Gordon’s2millionmilesontheroadhavetakenhimalmosteverywhereintheUnitedStates,aswellastoCanada,Mexico,andEurope.“WhetherIdrive3millionismoreuptomethanitisthecar,”hesaid.“Thecar’spartsmaybeabletotakeit,butI’mnotsosureaboutmyown.”Fromthepassagewecanguessthat_____.A.it’sveryrareforacartodrivetwomillionmilesB.thestoryhasbeenwrittentointroduceanewcarC.therewereacarshowattheNewYorkCity’sTimesSquareD.noaccidentshaveevertakenplacewithGordon’scar67.Themaincauseofthecar’slonglifeliesin_____.A.Gordon’scarefulserviceB.Gordon’sspecialknowledgeofcarsC.theexcellentqualityofthecarD.thegoodqualityoftheoilheuses68.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?A.AllthepartsofGordon’scarhavebeenreplaced.B.Someofthecar’spartscanlastevenlongertime.C.VolvocarsarestrongerthanJapaneseones.D.Scienceteacherscanusuallykeeptheircarslonger.69.GordonhasdrivenhisVolvo_____.A.allovertheworldB.bothhomeandabroadC.mostlyaroundthetownhelivesinD.onbothAmericancontinents70.BythelasttwosentencesGordonwantstosaythat_____.A.he’snolongerasstrongashewasyoungB.hiscarmaysurvivefornolessthantenyearsC.heworriesmuchabouthiscarD.he’lltryhardtoreachthegoalof3millionmilesPassage3Lastsummer,16-year-oldAndreaAxtellreadaninterestingarticleinthepapers:AfamilyhadwalkedaimlesslyinanArizonadesertaftertheircarbrokedown.Familymemberssaidtheyfeltasifthey’dwalkedincirclesforhoursbeforehelparrived.ThatdetailattractedAndrea’sinterest.“Withoutacompassorspecificlandmarks,dopeoplewhogetlostendupwalkingincircles?”shewondered.“Andiftheydo,why?” ThesesimplequestionsfueledAndrea’s10th-gradescienceproject.Hungryforanswers,shewenttothelibrarytoconductbackgroundresearch.Amongmanyfacts,shediscoveredthatseveralbodyorganscontroldirectionandmovement.Forexample:Eyesallowpeopletoseetheirroute.Structuresinthemiddleearaffectaperson’ssenseofbalance.Thebraincontrolswhetheraperson’srightsideorleftsideisdominant（主導(dǎo)旳）,orexertsmorecontrol. “Studiesofrunners’strides（步態(tài)）showthatthedominantfootpushesoffwithagreaterforce,whichpushestherunnerslightlyrightorleft,”sheexplains. Armedwiththisinformation,Andreastartedanexperimenttotestwhetherpeoplewhodon’tknowwherethey’regoingendupwalkingincircles.Andseveralmonthslater,thatexperimentgotaprizeattheIntelInternationalScienceandEngineeringFair（ISEF）!71.TheaimofAndrea’sresearchistofind_____.whypeoplewalkincircleswhyrunnersusuallyrunincircleswhetherlostpeoplewalkincircleshowcanlostpeoplefindtheirplace72.FromwheredidAndreagetherideatodoher10-gradescienceproject?Fromhertextbook.Fromanewsreport.Fromasciencereport.Fromanexperiment.73.Andreafoundfromherresearchthatthemostimportantorgancontrollingdirectionis_____.thebrainthemiddleeartheeyesBotheyesandmiddleear74.Andrea’sresearchconcludesthatpeoplewhodon’tknowwherethey’regoingareinthehabitofwalking_____.leftwardsrightwardseitherleftorrightneitherleftnorright75.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?Ifyouarelostinadesert,you’dbetterstaywhereyouare.One’smiddleearistheonlyorgantokeephiminbalance.Lostpeoplecanhardlyfindtheirwaywithoutacompass.Theforcemadebyone’stwofeetisdifferentwhenonewalks.Passage4Tearsarenature’swayofmakingusfeelmorecomfortable.Whenoureyesaremadeuncomfortablebysomesmallpiecesofpollution,orwhenwearecuttingonions,orwhenwearetiredand“red-eyes”fromoverworkatlatehours,tearsforminoureyestocleanandrefreshthem.Tearsarealsoasignofstrongemotion.Wecrywhenwearesadandwecrywhenwearehappy.Andtearsseemtobeuniquetohuman.Weknowthatanimalsalsoexperienceemotion—fear,pleasure,loneliness—buttheydonotshedtears.Fromthiswecanconcludethattearsarecloselyrelatedtotheemotionalandbiologicalmake-upofthehumanspecies.Bio