北京市石景山區(qū)2024年高三（最后沖刺）英語試卷含解析

北京市石景山區(qū)2024年高三（最后沖刺）英語試卷注意事項：1．答卷前，考生務必將自己的姓名、準考證號、考場號和座位號填寫在試題卷和答題卡上。用2B鉛筆將試卷類型（B）填涂在答題卡相應位置上。將條形碼粘貼在答題卡右上角"條形碼粘貼處"。2．作答選擇題時，選出每小題答案后，用2B鉛筆把答題卡上對應題目選項的答案信息點涂黑；如需改動，用橡皮擦干凈后，再選涂其他答案。答案不能答在試題卷上。3．非選擇題必須用黑色字跡的鋼筆或簽字筆作答，答案必須寫在答題卡各題目指定區(qū)域內相應位置上；如需改動，先劃掉原來的答案，然后再寫上新答案；不準使用鉛筆和涂改液。不按以上要求作答無效。4．考生必須保證答題卡的整潔?？荚嚱Y束后，請將本試卷和答題卡一并交回。第一部分（共20小題，每小題1.5分，滿分30分）1．Childrenwhoarenotactiveor_____dietishighinfatwillgainweightquickly.A．what B．whoseC．which D．that2．Believeitornot,itis________________thatcausesyourillness.A．becauseofyourbeingoverweight B．becauseyouareoverweightC．youaresooverweight D．yourbeingoverweight3．—WhatdoyouthinkofPutin?—Heisanoutstandingleaderwho_______hisreputation.A．looksoutforB．comesupwithC．livesuptoD．looksforwardto4．—Tony,doremembertosendthereporttothesalesmanager!—________.A．Madeit B．GotitC．Heardit D．Followedit5．The2011AustralianOpenwassuccessfullyheldincityofMelbourne,bigcityinAustralia.A．a;a B．the;a C．a;the D．the;the6．Tomhasfailedagaininthemathexam.Iamreallyletdown.______Hehasalreadydonehisbest. A．Don’tpushhim. B．Nokidding. C．Heshouldbetoblame. D．Nowonder.7．Weworkduringtheweek，butweekendsandeveningsareusually________．A．vacant B．casual C．empty D．clear8．Inthestudents’eyes,MrsSmithisamothermorethanateacher.shetreatsthestudentsjustlikeherownchildren.A．AsaresultB．InotherwordsC．WhatismoreD．Firstofall9．—Whatdoyouthinkofthemovielastnight?—WhenIgotthereit_______,soIonlywatchedtheend.A．finished B．hadfinishedC．wasfinishing D．hasfinished10．HowwasyourtriptoXi'anlastmonth？--_____________.Itwasrainingcatsanddogsduringmystaythere.A．Wonderful B．ExcitingC．Notbad D．Itcouldn'tbeworse11．—Youshouldn’thavetreatedmethatway.Myheartisbroken.—I’msorry,Paul.Ididn’tmeanyou.A．hurting B．tohurt C．hurt D．havinghurt12．EventhoughthewayLinDaiyuexpressesherfeelingsmaybe________toamodernaudience,itisrootedinhercharacterandmakeswhosheis.A．allergicB．foreignC．sensitiveD．fundamental13．–Excuseme,sir,didn’tyouseetheredlight?–Sorry,mymind________somewhereelse.A．hasbeenwandering B．waswanderedC．waswandering D．hasbeenwandered14．Notuntilhewentabroadtofurtherhisstudy_______theimportanceofEnglish.A．hashefoundB．hehasfoundC．didhefindD．hehadfound15．Janerealizedher____tobecomethefirstwomantorunthe10,000metreswithin30minutes.A．achievementB．commitmentC．competitionD．ambition16．ThereignofthenextJapaneseemperorwillbeknownas“Reiwa”(令和)era,in________namethecharacterfor“harmony”isincluded.A．which B．whatC．whose D．as17．Theshockingnewsmademerealize________terribleproblemswewouldface.A．what B．howC．that D．why18．—IheardMr.Morganwouldbehereat4:00pm.nextThursday.—No,he_____atthattime.A．wasboardingB．wouldbeboardingC．willbeboardingD．isboarding19．Asisknown,itwasHuJintao,_______presidentofournation,whogave________lectureattheceremonyofNationalDayA．the;a B．the;/ C．a;the D．/;a20．ThefilmMeiLanfang,LiMingplaysthestarringrole,hasagaindrawntheworld’sattentiontoourtraditionalChineseart.A．what B．that C．which D．where第二部分閱讀理解（滿分40分）閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出最佳選項。21．（6分）Tippingisn’tabigpartofBritishculture,unlikeinNorthAmerica,wherewaitersandwaitressesarepaidbelowminimumwage.Tipsareusuallyappreciated,butofferingatipofsomeservicescancauseconfusion.Incasualrestaurants,whereyoupayforyourorderatacounterbutfoodisbroughttoyourtable,tippingisuncommon.Youarewelcometoleaveapoundortwoifyouwish.Inrestaurantswhereyouplaceyourorderwithawaiterorawaitressandreceiveyourfoodandbillatyourtable,it’scustomarytotiparound10percent.Insomerestaurants,aservicechargemaybeaddedtothebillautomatically,typically10or12.5percent.Inthiscase,youdon’tneedtoaddafurthertip.Whenyoupaybycreditcard,themachinemayaskifyouwanttoaddatip.Checkyourbilltoseeifaservicechargehasalreadybeenaddedbeforepaying—ifsoyoudon’tneedtoaddatiponthemachine.Youcanrequesttheservicechargeberemovedfromyourbillifyouareunhappywiththeservice.Insomecasesarestaurantmayprint“servicenotincluded”onthebillormenu.Thisisarequestforatip.You’renotforcedtoofferanything,but10percentwouldbenormalinthissituation.Tippingincafesandfastfoodrestaurantisnotexpected.Ifyouuseataxi,roundthefareuptothenearestpoundshownonthemeter.Onajourneyfromortotheairportinabookedminicabyoumightwishtotrip2or3poundsifthedriverhelpswithyourbags.Besuretocheckacountry’stippingculturebeforeyoustartyourtip.Formoreinformation,visitTripA.1、Accordingtothetext,________inBritishculture.A．itisnecessarytotipifyouareservedincafesB．itisconfusingtotipifyoureceiveyourbillatyourtableC．itiscustomarytotipif“servicenotincluded”isprintedonthebillD．itiscompulsorytotipeveniftheserviceisunsatisfyinginsomerestaurants2、Whenyoupaybycreditcard,_________.A．theservicechargecanbeaddedonthemachineB．theservicechargemusthavebeenincludedinthebillautomaticallyC．theservicechargecan’tberefusedD．theservicechargeneedn’tbecheckedbeforeyoupay3、IftheBritishtaximetershows58.4pounds,youareexpectedtopay________.A．58.4poundsB．59poundsC．61poundsD．64pounds4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．IntroductionofTripAB．OccasionsforTippingC．AdviceonTippinginRestaurantsD．BritishWaystoTipping22．（8分）EarlyorLaterDayCareManyyoungparentsareconfusedaboutwhethertheirchildrenshouldhaveearlydaycare,andtherehavealwaysbeendifferentviewsonthissubject.TheBritishpsychoanalystJohnBowlbybelievesthatseparationfromparentsduringthesensitive“attachment”periodfrombirthtothreemayscarachild’spersonalityandleadtopsychologicalproblemsinlaterlife.SomepeoplehavedrawntheconclusionfromBowlby’sworkthatchildrenshouldnotbesubjectedtodaycarebeforethreebecauseoftheparentalseparationitcauses,andmanypeopledobelievethis.AccordingtoBowlby,agreatdealofpsychologicalharmcanoccurwhenyoungchildrenareseparatedfromtheirparents.Iftheyareleftwithouttouchforawhile,theywillhaveahigherstresslevel.Parents’influenceontheirchildren’swell-beingmayneverbegreaterthanduringtheearliestyearsoflife,whenachild’sbrainisdevelopingrapidlyandwhennearlyallofherorhisexperiencesareshapedbyparentsandthefamilyenvironment.However,therearecritics.Someanthropologists(人類學家)pointoutthattheloveaffairbetweenchildrenandparentsfoundinmodernsocietiesdoesnotusuallyexistintraditionalsocieties.Therehasbeenalonghistoryofthefactthatfatherandmotherdidnotbringuptheirchildrenalone.Plato,around394B．C．,arguedthatasystemofearlychildcarewouldfreewomentoparticipateinsociety.ResultsfromIsraeliandDutchstudiesshowthatchild-raisingdutiesaremoreevenlydistributedamongabroadergroupofpeople.Besides,studieshavereportedthatearlydaycarehasaneutralorslightlypositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.Theylearnthebenefitsofbeingsociallysmart,understandingtheconceptofsharingandcaring.Theypromoteconcentrationskills,whichisveryimportantintheirlearning.Therearegameswherechildrenaretaughtbasiclanguageandmathematicalskillsthroughstoriesandeverydayexamples.Commonsensetellsusthatearlydaycarewouldnotbesowidespreadifchildrenhadproblemswithit.ButBowlby’sanalysisraisesthepossibilitythatithasdelayedeffects.Thepossibilitythatsuchcaremightleadtomorementalillness15or20yearslatercanonlybeexploredbytheuseofstatistics.Whateverthelong-termeffects,parentssometimesfindtheimmediateeffectsdifficulttodealwith.Childrenunderthreedislikeleavingtheirparentsandshowunhappiness.Attheageofthreealmostallchildrenfinditeasytogotothenursery.Thematter,then,isfarfrombeingclearlyknown,thoughexperienceandavailableevidenceindicatethatearlydaycareisreasonableforyoungchildren.1、Thepassagemainlyargueswhether______.A．childrenoverthreewillacceptschooleducationB．childrenunderthreeshouldbesenttonurseryschoolsC．thefamilyrelationshipisdifferentintraditionalsocietiesD．earlydaycareshouldbetotallyreplacedinmodernsocieties2、WhichofthefollowingsupportsBowlby’stheory?A．Earlydaycarewouldn’tbesopopularifithadnegativeeffects.B．Separationfromparentsforyoungchildreniscommoninhistory.C．Parentsfindtheimmediateeffectsofearlydaycaredifficulttodealwith.D．Studiesshowearlydaycarehasapositiveeffectonchildren’sdevelopment.3、Theauthor’sattitudetowardsearlydaycareisthat______.A．childrenunderthreeshouldstaywiththeirparentsB．ithaspotentialbenefitsforbothchildrenandparentsC．thebadeffectofitonchildrenwilldisappearastheygrowupD．itiscontroversialandthesettlementcallsfortheuseofstatistics4、Whichofthefollowingshowsthedevelopmentofideasinthepassage?I:IntroductionP:PointSp:Sub-point(次要點)C:ConclusionA． B．C． D．23．（8分）TheGoldCoastWax(蠟)MuseumisoneoftheGoldCoast’slongestrunningattractions.It’sacollectionoffamousfigures.It’sAustralia’slargestmuseumofitskind,featuringmorethan110life-sizecopiesofwaxfiguresofBritishandAustralianHistory．TheWaxMuseumisvisitedbymanythousandsofthepeopleeachyearwhoareamazedattheamazingrealismofthelife-sizefiguresinrealcostumes.Thisisyourinvitationtowanderthroughatyourleisureandmeetmanyimportantandfamouspeople’sfiguresonQueensland’sGoldCoast．ComefacetofacewithsuchfamouspeopleasMichaelJackson,PresidentBarackObama，PastPresidentJohnF.Kennedy,KingHussein’sRoyalFamilymembers,andmanyotherswhoseliveshaveallleftanunforgettablemarkonourworld.Informationcardsarelocatedalongsideeachfigure,helpingvisitorsknowthemwell．TheoldCoastWaxMuseumcontainsfigureswhichhavebeencraftedbyleadinglocalandoverseassculptorstointernationalstandards’equalinqualitytotheworld’sbest,asseeninEurope,theUnitedKingdom,andUSA．Thedetailinthefiguresisamazingandincludeshairappliedonestrand(線)atatime,requiringmanyworkinghoursforonehandandtheeyessorealthattheyseemtofollowthevieweraround．PriceChild(1～3yrs):freeChild(3-~12yrs):$22.00Adult:$29.00OpenhoursOpen7daysaweek,10amto10pmClosedChristmasDay(25Dec.)andAnzacDay(25Apr.)LocationFernyAve,SurfersParadise(GoldCoast)QLDHowtogetthereYoucanchooseanyoftheGoldCoastairporttransfers,carrentals,shuttlesandprivatetransfersto／fromyourhotel．Noticetovisitors●Allcarrieditemsincludingfoodanddrinkswillbeinspecteduponentry．●Coats,umbrellas,etc.shouldbeleftinthecheckrooms(行李寄存處)(maxsize40×40×50cmandmaxweight8kg).●ThecheckroomistotheleftoftheMainentrance(￡1.50peritem)．●WhenmaximumcheckroomscapacityisreachedtheMuseumcannotacceptanymoreitems．●Bringyoursenseofadventureandyourcamerawithyouandseesomethingexcitingandquiteunique．Forfurtherinformation,pleaseclickheretoseemoreaboutgoldcoastwax-museum／contactUsPage．1、Accordingtothepassage,visitorscan______.A．visittheGoldCoastWaxMuseumanytimeB．enjoysomeworld-classvividwaxworksintheGoldCoastWaxMuseumC．seemanymembersoftheRoyalFamilyinpersonintheGoldCoastWaxMuseumD．meetmanyleadinglocalandinternationalsculptorsintheGoldCoastWaxMuseum2、Ifacoupleandtheir10-year-oldsonwanttovisittheGoldCoastWaxMuseum,theymaypay_______.A．$58 B．$68C．$80 D．$873、Whenpeoplecometovisitthisexhibition,they________.A．shouldhavealltheircarrieditemscheckedattheentranceB．canleavetheircarrieditemsinthecheckroomsfreeofchargeC．cantakealltheircarrieditemswiththemwithoutinspectionD．shouldleavealltheircarrieditemsinthecheckroomsuponentry24．（8分）ThemorningsheleftforCampKanawa,Mariaawokewithanacheinherstomach.Shehadgoneonplentyofparties.She’devenspentawholeweekendatAuntJolieandUncleEd’s.Sowhathappenedtoher?Nobreakfasttoday,shethought,imaginingtheacheturningintothrowingupandahorribleroadtripafterafullmeal.Asusual,MariafelthungryassoonastheroomsmelledofFrenchtoast.Ontheotherhand,maybeagoodbreakfastwasexactlywhatsheneeded.“There’smybigcamper!’’saidhermom.Then,shewalkedtothestove,placedtwopiecesofFrenchtoastonaplateandpowderedsugarsnowingdown.“Justlikeyoulikeit.’’Atthemeanwhile,Mariawasalreadyinposition,armedwithknife,fork,napkinandfullglassofmilk.‘‘Getstartedwhileit’shot.Yourfather’scomingdowninaminute.Itoldhimtoshave.Don’twantthebear—Imean,thebushyblackbeard.，?“Okay，okay，”Maria’sdadsaidwithasmile.“Cleanasawhistle.Justlikeyouordered.”“Really?”Maria’smomshrugged(聳肩）?“Ithinkit’sfashionable，”Mariasaid，dippingabiteinsomesyrup(糖楽）.“Well，youroldmanisfashionable，，’herdadsaid,movinghisheadthewayhedidwhenhewantedtolooklikeacoolsurfermanbutlookedmorelikeanEgyptianrobot.“Infact，Iwasthemostpopularkidatmycamp.，’“Fortherecord，itwasasciencecamp，，’Maria’smotherremindedher,lookingherstraightintheeyes.“Inallseriousness,Maria,popularityisnotimportantandfindingthepeoplewholikeyouforyou—that’swhatmatters.”“Yourmomspeaksthetruth,Sugar,”saidMaria’sdad，wipinghisthickbeardwithanapkin.“Justbeyourself.You’11definitelyenjoyit.1、WhatprobablyledtoMaria’shesitationtoeatbreakfast?A．Thelackofadequatenutrition.B．Theconcernaboutfeelingsick.C．TheinvitingsmellofFrenchtoast.D．Theworryaboutgettingoverweight.2、WhatisMaria’sattitudetowardsherfather’sbeard?A．Favorable.B．Disapproving.C．Concerned.D．Uncaring.3、WhydidMaria*smotherremindherthatherfatherwenttoasciencecamp?A．ToadviseMarianottofocusonpopularity.B．TosharehersimilarexperiencewithMaria.C．ToemphasizetheimportanceofsciencetoMaria.D．TopersuadeMarianottodiscusssubjectsexceptscience.4、Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?A．Father’sbeardB．AwonderfulbreakfastC．FamilytalkaboutacampD．Maria’sdreamtobeabigcamper25．（10分）America’slatestsuperheroAustinPerine，whocallshimselfPresidentAustin，isnowtakingthecountrybystorm.Butheisnotatypicalsuperhero.Twothingssethimapart:Hedoesn’tfighthumanenemies，buthungerandhomelessness.Also，he’sonlyfouryearsold.Oursuperhero’soriginstorystartedfromthedaywhenTJPerine，hisfather，tookAustintotheFirehouseMinistries，alocalshelterthatprovideshousing，foodandotherservicesforthehomeless.Astheydrovebythebuilding，theysawagroupof25homelessmenstandingonthestreetcorner.Thatday，Austinusedhisallowancetobuyeachmanasandwichandhandedthefoodouthimselfwithhisslogan，“Don’tforgettoshowlove!”Afterhereturnedeveryweekforfiveweeksinarow，wordofAustin’skindnessspreadthroughsocialmedia.AustinandTJcouldfeed25to50peopleatatimebefore，andnow，thankstocommunitysupport，theycanfeed800to2,000people.ButAustinisn’tmerelyfillingstomachs.Hehasbeenimprovingthelivesofthehomelesspeoplehemeets.OnthatfirsttriptoFirehouseMinistries，TJandAustintalkedtoapoormannamedRaymont.TherespectAustinshowedforhimtouched41-year-oldRaymont，whoregainedhisconfidenceinlifeandfinallyfoundajobwiththehelpofTJ.Allthatwasmadepossiblebecausealittleboytookthetimetocare.Austin’spassionhasbecomehisfamily’scalling.AfterraisingmoneythroughaGoFundMepage，Audrey，TJ’smotherestablishedthenonprofitShowLoveFoundation，dedicatedtofightinghomelessness.Shenowservesaspresident，andTJoverseespublicrelationsforthefoundationfulltime.Theyoffermedicalandmentalhealthcareaspreventivestepsagainsthomelessness.AsforPresidentAustin，hecontinuestogiveoutfood，smiles，andhisinspirationalmessageoflove.“ItmakesmefeellikeI’msavingtheday,”hesaidproudly.1、WhyhasAustinbecomewell—knowntotheentirecountry?A．Hehassuperpowertofillthestomachsofthehomeless.B．Hefightshungerandhomelessnessatsuchayoungage.C．Hehasremovedthepovertyofthelocalcommunity.D．Hehaschosenanimpressiveanduniquename.2、Whichofthefollowingcanreplacetheunderlinedword“dedicated”inParagraph5?A．Exposed. B．Opposed. C．Devoted. D．Addicted.3、WhydoestheauthorintroducetheexampleofRaymontinParagraph4?A．ToshowAustin’spositiveinfluence.B．Topersuadepeopletoliveofftheirown.C．ToprovethepersonalabilityofAustin’sfather.D．Todescribethedifficultsituationofpoorpeople.4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardswhatAustindoes?A．Sympathetic. B．Humorous. C．Approving. D．Considerate.第三部分語言知識運用（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分30分）閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項．26．（30分）完形填空閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。WhenJeanHarperwasinthethirdgrade,herteachergavetheclassanassignmenttowriteareportonwhattheywantedtobewhentheygrewup.Jean'sfatherwasacropduster1inthelittlefarmingcommunitywhereJeanwasraised.Shewastotally2byairplanesandflying.She3herheartintoherreport.However,herpapercamebackwithan"F"onit.Theteachersaiditwasa"fairytale"andit4cometrue.Jeanwasbeatendownbythe5.Severalyearswentby,Jeanwasinher6yearofhighschool.OnedayherEnglishteacher,Mrs.Slaton,gavetheclassa7aboutwhattheywouldbedoing10yearslater.Jeanthoughthardaboutit.Pilot?8Flightattendant?I’mnotprettyenough.Waitress?Icoulddothat.Thatfelt___________,soshewroteitdown.Oneweeklater,theteacherhandedbacktheassignmentsandasked:“Ifyouhadunlimited9,whatwouldyoudo?”Jeanfeltarushoftheoldenthusiasm,andwith10shewrotedownallherold11.Whenthestudentsstoppedwriting,theteacherasked,“Howmanystudentswrotethe12thingonthepaper?”Notonehand13.Thentheteachersaid,“allofyoudo14unlimitedabilities.Ifyoudon’t15yourdreams,noonewilldoitforyou.Youcanhavewhatyouwantifyouwantit16Mrs.Slaton’sinspiringwords17thecourseofJean’slife.Aftertenyearsofhardwork,18Jeanbecameoneofthefirstthree19pilottraineeseveracceptedbyUnitedAirlines.1、A．worker B．maker C．driver D．pilot2、A．attracted B．beaten C．frightened D．waken3、A．turned B．put C．poured D．translated4、A．mustn’t B．couldn’t C．might D．should5、A．explanation B．tale C．discouragement D．paper6、A．senior B．new C．long D．hard7、A．lesson B．task C．project D．topic8、A．Noway B．Noproblem C．Quietright D．Ofcourse9、A．cool B．interesting C．safe D．fancy10、A．money B．time C．imagination D．talent11、A．excitement B．curiosity C．carelessness D．anger12、A．opinions B．questions C．dreams D．sorrows13、A．real B．important C．difficult D．same14、A．wenton B．wentup C．kepton D．keptup15、A．lack B．want C．possess D．find16、A．lookinto B．gofor C．tryon D．careabout17、A．enough B．too C．though D．again18、A．started B．moved C．changed D．made19、A．surprisingly B．strangely C．naturally D．eventually20、A．female B．young C．beautiful D．Super第二節(jié)（每小題1.5分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。27．（15分）Itis2years1．wehadacleaningladyandforsomereasonmyhusbandhasbecomeverydemandingtowardher.Hebelievesshedoesnotworkaswellassheusedto.Hecomplainsalotandhasdecidedtocomplaintoher.YesterdayItriedseveral2．(time)todiscusswithhimmy3．(satisfy)withherwork,buthewasalittlebitupset.ThismorningIlookedatthehouseandallthecleaningshe4．(do)before.Ithoughtitwasunfairtocomplainbecauseshewasdoingsuch5．greatjob.SoIfoughtforheragain,6．(say)itwasunnecessarytocomplain.Shewasdoingwellandshedeservedtoget7．(pay)moreandtoreceivesomeextramoneyforthenewyear.And8．(final)myhusbandtoldherthatwehaddecidedtopayhermore,9．wasasurprisetoher.I’mveryhappyIhaveprotectedthisladyfromunfairwordsandthatwearetreatingherfairlynowanddoingsomethingtoshortenthegap10．therichandthepoor.第四部分寫作（共兩節(jié)）第一節(jié)短文改錯（滿分10分）28．（10分）假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（∧），并在其下面寫出該加的詞。刪除：把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。修改：在錯的詞下劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞；2、只允許修改10處，多者（從第11處起）不計分。Itwaswarmandsunny,sowedecidetogoforaswim、WhenIreachedtothebeach,myfriendswerealreadythere、Theseawasperfect,appearingassmoothly