高中一輪復(fù)習(xí)英語北師大版講義必修四Unit12CultureShock

[一積詞匯見多識廣][課內(nèi)單詞回扣](一)閱讀詞匯寫其義1．wandervi.漫游，閑逛 2.tastyadj.美味的3．foggyadj.多霧的_ 4.physiciann．內(nèi)科醫(yī)生5．indicatevt.表明；表示_ 6.vastadj.巨大的，廣闊的7．exportvt.出口，輸出 8.literaturen．文學(xué)9．unfairadj.不公平的 10.forgivevt.寬恕，饒恕(二)表達詞匯寫其形1．owevt.欠(情、債等) 2.absorbvt.理解；掌握；吸收3．exchangevt.兌換，交換 4.mannersn．禮貌5．requestn．請求 6.attach_vt.喜歡，依戀；系7．a(chǎn)nyhowadv.總之，反正 8.whisper_vi.低語，耳語9．parceln．郵包，包裹 10.handkerchiefn．手帕，紙巾(三)拓展詞匯靈活用*1.additionn．相加；增加物→additionaladj.補充的，額外的，附加的2.apologyn．道歉，認錯→apologizev．道歉，謝罪3.expectationn．期待的事物；預(yù)期→expectvt.期待，預(yù)料；指望→expectedadj.預(yù)期的，預(yù)料的4.majorityn．大半，大多數(shù)→majoradj.主要的vi.主修*5.reasonableadj.合理的，正當(dāng)?shù)摹鷕easonn．理由v.推論；勸說；理解→reasonablyadv.合理地；相當(dāng)?shù)?6.movementn．動作；活動→movev．移動；感動→movableadj.可移動的→movingadj.令人感動的→movedadj.感動的*7.curiouslyadv.好奇地；奇怪地→curiousadj.好奇的→curiosityn．好奇心8.cautiousadj.小心翼翼的，謹慎的→cautionn．小心，謹慎*9.injurevt.傷害→injuryn．傷害，損害→injuredadj.受傷的*10.educatorn．教育者→educationn．教育→educatedadj.有教養(yǎng)的→educatevt.教育用上面加*號的單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Hisgenerousdonationfilledourneedforadditionalfunds,andinaddition,_itencouragedmoreandmorepeopletogiveahand.2．Hisexplanationwasnotreasonable,_soallofusdidn'taccepthisreasonforbeingabsence.Heshouldapologizetousreasonably.3．Theboyiscuriouslywatchingwhattheoldmanisdoinginthegardenandheisalwayscuriousabouttheworldoutsideandshowsgreatcuriosityaboutwhatisgoingoninnature.4．Thecouplemovedintothemovablehouseandtheyfeltmuchmovedtoseethemovingmovieaftermovingintothenewhouse.5．Threepeoplewerekilledandfiveinjuredinthecrash.Thedoctorsaidtwooftheinjuredhadseriousinjuries.6．Twothousandstudentswereeducatedbythefamouseducator,_manyofwhomreceivedfurthereducationlater.[話題單詞積累]1．represent/repr?'zent/v． 代表2．traditional/tr?'d???nl/adj. 傳統(tǒng)的3．share/?e?(r)/vt. 分享4．a(chǎn)ttractive/?'tr?kt?v/adj. 有吸引力的5．valuable/'v?lju?bl/adj. 有價值的6．preference/'prefr?ns/n. 偏愛7．misunderstand/?m?s?nd?'st?nd/v．誤解8．touch/t?t?/v. 觸摸9．bow/ba?/v. 鞠躬10．a(chǎn)ppearance/?'p??r?ns/n. 儀表11．custom/'k?st?m/n. 風(fēng)俗12．conversation/?k?nv?'se??n/n. 談話，交談13．behave/b?'he?v/vt. 守規(guī)矩，行為14．behavior/b?'he?vj?/n. 行為，舉止15．respond/r?'sp?nd/vi. 回答，回應(yīng)， 作出反應(yīng)16．a(chǎn)wkward/'??kw?d/adj. 令人尷尬的， 難應(yīng)付的17．impolite/??mp?'la?t/adj. 不禮貌的18．social/'s???l/adj. 社會的， 社交的19．punctual/'p??kt?u?l/adj. 準時的20．heritage/'her?t?d?/n. 遺產(chǎn)21．symbol/'s?mbl/n. 象征22．gesture/'d?est??(r)/n. 儀態(tài)23．occasion/?'ke??n/n. 場合24．extraordinary/?k'str??dnri/adj. 非凡的25．vivid/'v?v?d/adj. 生動的26．casual/'k??u?l/adj. 隨意的27．a(chǎn)bstract/'?bstr?kt/adj. 抽象的；深奧的28．rank/r??k/n. 職銜，軍銜29．status/'ste?t?s/n. 地位，身份30．title/'ta?tl/n. 頭銜31．celebration/?sel?'bre??n/n. 慶祝；慶祝會32．feast/fi?st/n. 盛宴，宴會33．unique/ju'ni?k/adj. 獨特的34．decorate/'dek?re?t/vt. 裝飾，修飾35．reflect/r?'flekt/v. 反映[二積短語頓挫抑揚][課內(nèi)短語回扣](一)根據(jù)漢語寫出下列短語*1.get_used_to習(xí)慣于 *2.see_...off_給(某人)送行3.belong_to屬于 *4.give_..._a_lift_給……搭車，搭便車5.insist_on堅持，堅決要求 6.stare_at盯著看；凝視7.be_attached_to附屬于 8.in_poor_condition狀況不好9.at_least至少 *10.contrary_to與……相反*11.be_sensitive_to對……敏感 *12.put/bring_an_end_to結(jié)束(二)用上面加*號的短語完成下列句子1．Itwaslateatnight,andtherewasnobus.Fortunately,amandrivingacargavemea_lift.2．Don'tworry—you'llsoonget_used_tohissenseofhumour.3．Contrary_tomyexpectation,hewonthespeechpetition.4．Healsosaidthattheyweredeterminedtoput/bring_an_end_toterrorism.5．Thismorningweallwenttotheairporttoseemymotheroff.6．Herreactionshowedthatshewas_sensitive_towhathesaidjustnow.[話題短語積累]1．haveagoodmandof 精通2．beproudof 以……為榮3．contributeto 有助于4．takeinterestin 對……感興趣5．followacustom 遵循習(xí)俗6．eyecontact 眼神交流7．a(chǎn)facialexpression 面部表情8．facetoface 面對面9．behavewell/badly 舉止良好/不好10．removeprejudiceandmisunderstanding 消除偏見和誤解11．culturalexchange 文化交流12．culturalbackground 文化背景13．cross-culturalmunication 跨文化交流14．multiculturalsociety 多元文化社會15．culturaldiversity 文化差異[三積句式寫作扮靚][課內(nèi)句式仿寫]1．特殊疑問詞＋不定式[例句]Decidewheretogoonholidaywithafriend.[仿寫]選擇吃什么已經(jīng)不像以前那么簡單了。Choosingwhat_to_eatisnolongeraseasyasitoncewas.2．haveadifficulttime(in)doingsth.[例句]WhenIfirstarrivedinSanFrancisco,IhadadifficulttimeunderstandingcertainaspectsoftheAmericanwayofdoingthings.[仿寫]如果你變得富有了，你會很難了解誰是你真正的朋友。Ifyoubeerich,youwillhave_a_difficult_time_knowing_who_your_real_friends_are.3．thelasttime用作連詞引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句[例句]IhadasimilarexperiencethelasttimeIvisitedChina.[仿寫]我記得你上一次參觀我們學(xué)校的時候給我看了一些關(guān)于那個主題的照片。(2016·全國卷Ⅱ書面表達)Irememberyoushowedmesomephotosonthatthemethe_last_time_you_visited_our_school.[話題佳句背誦]1．Cultureshockiscausedbytheanxietythatresultsfromlosingallourfamiliarsignsandsymbolsorsocialcontact.文化沖擊是由于我們失去所熟悉的跡象、標志或社會交往而產(chǎn)生的焦慮造成的。2．Manytraditionalvaluesareofpermanentsignificanceandshouldbeobservedinthemodernandpostmoderneras.許多傳統(tǒng)的價值觀具有永恒的意義，在現(xiàn)代與后現(xiàn)代都應(yīng)加以恪守。3．Manypeoplethinkthatlearningthetraditionalcultureisnotnecessary,whichiswrong.很多人認為學(xué)習(xí)傳統(tǒng)文化是沒必要的，這是錯誤的。4．Alackofawarenessofculturaldiversityorlocalcustomscancreateproblems,causingtrouble.不注意文化差異或當(dāng)?shù)亓?xí)俗可能會產(chǎn)生問題，造成麻煩。[四背語段語感流暢]Asweallknow,everyculturehasitsownbodylanguage.Takegreetingsforexample,theFrenchareopen-minded;theyshakehandsandkisseachotheroneachcheekwhentheymeetpeopletheyknow.MenfromMiddleEastandotherMuslincountriesoftenstandclosetoothermentotalk,buttheywillnevertouchwomen;theyjustnodatwomen.Ingeneral,peopleallovertheworldnowgreeteachotherbyshakinghands,buttheJapaneseprefertobow.Noneoftheseactionsiseithergoodorbad.However,studyingitwillhelpreducemisunderstandingbetweenpeopleandavoidthedifficultiesinmunication.眾所周知，每一種文化都有自己的身勢語。以問候為例，法國人思想開放，當(dāng)他們遇到認識的人時，他們會握手并相互親吻面頰。來自中東和穆斯林國家的男人經(jīng)常站得離其他的男人很近談話，但他們從不接觸女性，他們只是對女性點頭。一般說來，來自全世界的人們現(xiàn)在都通過握手來相互問候，但是日本人更喜歡鞠躬。這些行為中沒有好或者是壞。但是研究這些行為有助于減少人們之間的誤會和避免交流困難。[第一板塊重點詞匯突破][師生共研詞匯]1．owevt.欠(情、債等)；歸功于 [教材原句]Icertainlyoweyouanapologyfornotwritingmoreoften.沒有多給你寫信我真的非常抱歉。owesb.sth.＝owesth.tosb. 欠某人某物owe...to... 把……歸功于；歸因于owingto 因為；由于oweittosb.that... 多虧了某人①Owing(owe)toyourhelp,Ihavemadegreatprogress.Inotherwords,Iowemyprogresstoyou.由于你的幫助，我取得了很大進步。換句話說，我把我的進步歸功于你。②I_owe_it_to_you_thatIfinishedmyworkintime.多虧你幫忙，我才及時完成了工作。③Weowetheseachievementstothestrengthofreformandopening-upandtheperseveringspiritoftheChinesenation.我們把這些成就歸功于改革開放以及中華民族不屈不撓的精神。2．a(chǎn)bsorbvt.吸收；理解；使專心；使全神貫注；掌握[教材原句]I'vejustbeensobusystudyingandtryingtoabsorballthenewthingsaroundme—IthinkI'mstillexperiencingcultureshock.我一直忙于學(xué)習(xí)，盡力了解身邊的新事物——我覺得自己一直在經(jīng)歷文化沖擊。(1)absorbsb.'sattentionto(doing)sth. 吸引某人對(做)某事的注意力(2)beabsorbedby/intosth./sb. 被……吞并；為……所吸收beabsorbedin(doing)sth. 全神貫注于/熱衷于……；一心從事……①Absorbed_in_painting,_Johndidn'tnoticeeveningapproaching.(2015·天津高考單選)專心于畫畫，約翰沒有注意到夜幕正在降臨。②Alcoholmaytakeafewminutestobeabsorbedintothebloodstreamandstartactiononthebrain.幾分鐘的時間酒精就會被吸收到血流中并開始對大腦起作用。3.requestn．&vt.請求，要求[教材原句]tomakearequesttosomeoneyoudon'tknowverywell向你(們)不大熟悉的人表達請求(1)makearequestfor... 請求，要求……atsb.'srequest＝attherequestofsb. 應(yīng)某人的要求(2)requestsb.(not)todosth. 請求某人(不)做某事requeststh.from/ofsb. 向某人請求某物request(that)... 請求……Itis/wasrequestedthat... 據(jù)要求……①Allclassmembersarerequestedto_attend(attend)theannualmeeting.所有班級成員都被要求出席年會。②What'syouropinionofMrLi'srequestthatweshould_spend(spend)halfanhourreadingEnglishaloudeverymorning?你怎么看李老師要求我們每天早晨大聲朗讀半小時英語呢？③Sheboughtthenewputerat_the_request_ofherthreechildren.她應(yīng)三個孩子的要求購買了新電腦。[名師點津]在與request相關(guān)的名詞性從句或“Itis/wasrequestedthat...”句型中，從句謂語動詞用“should＋do”表示虛擬語氣，should可以省略。4．familiaradj.熟悉的，常見的[教材原句]JinLifoundtheAmericanwayoflifefamiliarsoonafterherarrivalintheUSA.金麗到達美國后不久，她就發(fā)現(xiàn)美國人的生活方式對她來說很熟悉。sb.befamiliarwithsth. 某人對某物很熟悉sth.befamiliartosb.＝sth.beknowntosb. 某物為某人所熟悉①Aftertheforeignguestswere_familiar_withtheChinesetraditionalfestivals,theylikedtoliveinChina.外國客人在熟悉了中國傳統(tǒng)節(jié)日后，便喜歡在中國生活。②Theyarenotfamiliarwithcharitywork,whichisstillatanearlystageinChina.＝Charitywork,whichisstillatanearlystageinChina,isnotfamiliartothem.他們不太熟悉慈善工作，這項工作在中國還處于初始階段。5．a(chǎn)ttachvt.系，固定；附上，貼上；喜歡，依戀[教材原句]Atfirst,wedidn'tfeelwebelonghere,butnowweareattachedtothelandweliveon.起初，我們認為自己并不屬于這里，但是現(xiàn)在我們已與我們所居住的土地緊緊地聯(lián)系在一起了。(1)attach...to... 把……固定到/附/貼在……上attachimportance/significance/valueto 認為……重要/有意義/有價值attachoneselftosb. 與某人在一起；纏著某人(2)attachedadj. 依戀的；附加的(be)attachedto 附屬于；依戀①Manyofusteenagersattach_much_more_importance_toourphonesthantoourfriends.(2014·重慶高考寫作)我們很多青少年認為要比朋友重要得多。②Attacharecentphotographtoyourapplicationform.申請表上請貼一張近照。③Thishospitalattached(attach)tothemedicalcollegenearbywasdestroyedintheflood.這家附屬于附近那所醫(yī)學(xué)院的醫(yī)院被洪水沖毀了。6．bearvi.&vt.(bore,borne/born)容忍；忍受；承擔(dān)(責(zé)任)；支撐；承受；生育；出生；結(jié)(果實)；攜帶 [教材原句]Ican'tbearthewaythenativeAustralianshavebeentreated.我不能容忍澳大利亞土著人被對待的方式。[一詞多義]寫出句中bear的含義①Itwouldbeunjustforhimtobearpersonallythegreatexpenses.承擔(dān)②Thepainwasalmostmorethanhecouldbear.忍受③Theiceistoothintobearyourweight.支撐④Someofthenewplantedappleorchardshavealsobeguntobear.結(jié)(果實)⑤Thestressmusthavebeenenormousbutsheboreitwell.承受beartheblame/responsibility 受責(zé)備/承擔(dān)責(zé)任can'tbeardoing/todosth. 不能忍受做某事bearsb./sb.'sdoingsth. 忍受某人做某事bearsth.inmind 牢記某事bearinmindthat... 牢記……⑥Icouldn'tbearto_listen/listening(listen)anylonger,soIlefttheroom.我實在聽不下去了，便離開了房間。⑦Bearing(bear)aheavyburden,shehastoworkhardtobringupherchildren.肩負重擔(dān)，她必須努力工作撫養(yǎng)孩子。⑧Mymotheroftenremindsmetobear/keep_in_mind_thatfailureisthemotherofsuccess.(2014·福建高考書面表達)媽媽經(jīng)常提醒我要記住“失敗乃成功之母”。[自主練通詞匯]1．exchangevt.&n.兌換，交換單句語法填空①Iamgoingtotravelabroad,soIgotoexchangesomeRMBfordollarsinthebank.②I'veofferedtopaintthekitcheninexchangeforaweek'sholiday.③Theyexchangeideasandfeelingswitheachother,throughwhichtheyprobablyacquiremoreknowledge.2．majorityn．大半，大多數(shù)單句語法填空/單句改錯①Onlyaminorityofpeopleinthatcitydon'thaveacarwhilethepeopletakingsubwaytoworkareinthemajority.②IgraduatedfromChongqingNormalUniversityandmajored(majority)ininformationmanagement.③Themajorityofthedamageareeasytorepair.are→is[詞匯過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.單句語法填空1．AlthoughthedragonisquitefamiliartomostChinese,nobodyhaseverseenarealone.2．Ayoungmanattachedhimself(he)tomeatthepartyandIcouldn'tgetridofhim.3．Anagreementseemstobeimpossiblebecausethemajorityofthemitteemembersare(be)againstit.4．Theoldmanoweshisgoodhealthtohisregularlifestyle.5．Nowonderhiswifeplainsabouthim.Noonecanbearhimstaying(stay)athome,doingnothingdayafterday.6．Theworkersrequestedthattheirworkingconditions(should)_be_improved(improve)further.7．Thiskindofcreamiseasilyabsorbedintoskin,whichisagoodsellerthisyear.8．Iwillmakethebestoftheopportunitytoexchangeideaswiththem.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Werequestthatthesportsmeetingputoffbecauseofbadweather.put前加be2．SinceBeijingisfamiliarwithme,IcanshowvisitorsaroundtheplacesofinterestinBeijing.with→to3．Amajorityofthewaterweuseeverydayaregroundwater.are→is4．Shehasalwaysbeenverymuchattachedonherwork.on→to5．IowetoyouthatImadesuchrapidprogressinmyspokenEnglish.owe后加it6．Absorbinginhiswork，Tomsimplyforgotfoodandsleep.Absorbing→AbsorbedⅢ.單句寫作(補全句子)1．我所有的同學(xué)都認為背誦英語課文很重要。Allmyclassmatesattach_great_importance_tolearningEnglishtextsbyheart.2．由于天氣惡劣，航班延誤了好幾個小時。Owing_to_the_bad_weather,_theflightwasdelayedforacoupleofhours.3．校長要求學(xué)生不要曠課。Theheadmasterrequested_the_students_not_to_beabsentfromclass.4．從書店借來書之后，他便沉浸在這些書中。Hewas_absorbed_inthebooksafterborrowingthemfromabookshop.5．我對她的臉很熟悉，但我想不起她是誰。Iwas_familiar_with_her_face,_butIcouldn'tquiteplaceher.[第二板塊短語、句式突破]1．getusedto習(xí)慣于[教材原句]You'regoingtohavetogetusedtobaconandeggswithafewslicesoftoastforbreakfastoverhere,AuntMei!梅姨，你必須得適應(yīng)這里腌肉、雞蛋加幾片烤面包的早餐！(1)be/bee/grow/getusedto(doing)sth.＝be/bee/grow/getaccustomedto(doing)sth. 習(xí)慣于(做)某事(2)beusedtodosth. 被用來做某事(3)usedtodosth. 過去常常做某事(暗示現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)不做了)①Theforeignstudentcouldnotgetusedtoeating(eat)thestrangefood.那個外國學(xué)生不習(xí)慣吃這種奇怪的食物。②putersareusedto_do(do)manythingsforpeoplenow.現(xiàn)在計算機被人們用來做很多事情。③We_used_to_sitintheyardeveryeveningandlistentomygrandpatellastory.我們過去常常每天晚上坐在院子里，聽爺爺講故事。2．see...off給(某人)送行[教材原句]Heinsistedonwalkingmetothestationtoseemeoff.他堅持陪我走到車站給我送行。seethrough 看透，識破；把……做完seeto 照料；注意；處理seetoitthat... 確保/保證……seeingthat... 因為，由于；鑒于①Wemustseetoitthatalljobsarefinishedbefore5o'clock.我們必須確保所有的工作在5點前完成。②I'msogladyou'veeheretosee_to_this_matterinperson.我很高興你親自來這里處理這個問題。③Seeing_thatyou'realreadyatthedoor,IsupposeImustinviteyouinside.鑒于你已到了門口，我想我必須邀請你入內(nèi)。3．bringanendto結(jié)束，制止[教材原句]ThearrivalofwhitepeoplegraduallybroughtanendtothetraditionalAboriginalwayoflife.白人的到來逐漸結(jié)束了傳統(tǒng)土著人的生活方式。etoanend 結(jié)束，告終eq\b\lc\\rc\}(\a\vs4\al\co1(bring...toanend,putanendto...)) 使……結(jié)束；終結(jié)……attheendof... 在……結(jié)束時；最終①Ihopewe'llbringourquarrelto_an_endassoonaspossible.我希望我們盡快結(jié)束這場爭吵。②Themeetingcame_to_an_endandhesetdownmanykeypoints.會議結(jié)束了，他記錄了很多要點。4．Decidewhere_to_go_on_holidaywithafriend.定好和朋友到哪兒去度假。句中wheretogoonholiday...為“特殊疑問詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)，在句中作賓語。(1)wh-疑問詞后跟動詞不定式構(gòu)成的短語，可以在句子中作主語、賓語、表語，還可以作定語。(注意：why后不能直接跟動詞不定式)(2)在“特殊疑問代詞＋不定式”結(jié)構(gòu)中，不定式往往與前面的疑問代詞之間構(gòu)成動賓關(guān)系，但不定式結(jié)構(gòu)用主動語態(tài)。①Itissaidthatwhenandwheretohaveameetinghas_been_decided(decide)．(作主語)據(jù)說何時何地舉行會議已經(jīng)確定。②Thereweresomanytoysthathedidn'tknowwhichoneto_choose(choose)．(作賓語)有太多的玩具可供選擇以至于他不知道該選哪一個了。③Perhapsthemostdifficultchallengeishow_to_survive_without_friends.(作表語)也許最艱難的挑戰(zhàn)就是沒有朋友的話應(yīng)該怎樣生存。5．Ihadasimilarexperiencethe_last_timeIvisitedChina.上次我到中國參觀時也有同樣的經(jīng)歷。(1)表示時間的名詞詞組thelasttime用作連詞，引導(dǎo)時間狀語從句。名詞短語可以充當(dāng)時間狀語從句的連詞還有：thefirst/second/thirdtime... 第一/二/三次……themoment/minute/instant... 一……就……every/eachtime 每次，每當(dāng)nexttime 下次①Every/Each_timeshecametoseeme,shealwaysrodeherelectricbike.每次她來看我，她總是騎著電動車。②The_momenthegotoutoftheairport，thepopstarwassurroundedbyhisfans.這位著名歌星一出飛機場，就被歌迷圍了起來。(2)有些副詞或介詞短語也可以充當(dāng)時間狀語從句的連詞。immediately/directly/instantly... 一……就……bythetime... 到……時③Icametoseeyouinstantly(instant)Iheardthenews.我一聽到這個消息，馬上就來看你了。④By_the_time_I_got_to_the_airport,_theplaneshewasinhadjusttakenoff.當(dāng)我到達機場時，她乘坐的飛機已經(jīng)起飛了。[短語、句式過關(guān)練]Ⅰ.用see短語填空(see...off/seethrough/seeto)1．Youwereveryclevertosee_throughhim.Hehaddeceivedtherestofus.2．Willyousee_tothearrangementsforthenextmeeting?3．Iwillgototherailwaystationtoseemybrotherofftomorrow.Ⅱ.選詞填空eq\x(etoanend，attheendof，bringanendto)1．Onlythroughpoliticalsolutioncouldwebring_an_end_totheviolence.2．Allbadthingse_to_an_end,_soyouneedn'tfeeldepressed.3．Thecoldweatheratlastbrokeat_the_end_ofMarch.Ⅲ.句型轉(zhuǎn)換/補全句子1．Assoonastheresultcameout,shetoldus.①Themoment/second/minute/instanttheresultcameout,shetoldus.②Immediately/Directly/Instantlytheresultcameout,shetoldus.2．我最后一次見到凱特時，她正在研究野生動物。The_last_timeIsawKate,shewasdoingresearchonwildanimals.3．如何應(yīng)付上漲的生活成本成了日常談?wù)摰脑掝}。What_to_do_with_the_rising_cost_of_livingbeesadailydiscussiontopic.4．這所寄宿學(xué)校的孩子現(xiàn)在習(xí)慣了每日早起。Childrenintheboardingschoolnowget_used_to_getting_up_earlyeveryday.eq\a\vs4\al([課堂雙線提能]課堂一刻鐘演練，實現(xiàn)教材與高考的對接)提能一用課文詞匯寫高分作文unforgettable，owingto，havedifficultyindoing，givesb.alift，municatewith，exchange1．補全要點句(“黑體”部分選用上面方框中的單詞或短語)①去美國時我有一次難忘的經(jīng)歷。I_had_an_unforgettable_experiencewhenIwenttoAmerica.②由于我英語不好，我不知道如何乘出租車。Owing_tomypoorEnglish,Ihad_difficulty_in_takingataxi.③有一位熱心的女士讓我搭了個便車。Awarm-heartedwomangave_me_a_lift.④她告訴我如何乘車、如何問路。Shetoldmehow_I_should_take_a_taxi_and_how_I_should_ask_for_ways.⑤我很感激她的幫助，意識到學(xué)好英語可以幫助我們跟外國人溝通和交流思想。Ireallyappreciatedherhelpandrealizedit'sofgreathelptolearnEnglishwellanditcanhelpusmunicate_with_foreigners_and_exchange_ideas.2．升級平淡句(1)用thelasttime升級句①I_had_an_unforgettable_experience_the_last_time_I_went_to_America.(2)用“疑問詞＋不定式”升級句④She_told_me_how_to_take_a_taxi_and_how_to_ask_for_ways.(3)用which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句升級句⑤I_really_appreciated_her_help_and_realized_it's_of_great_help_to_learn_English_well,_which_can_help_us_municate_with_foreigners_and_exchange_ideas.3．銜接成語篇(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：luckily,besides)IhadanunforgettableexperiencethelasttimeIwenttoAmerica.OwingtomypoorEnglish,Ihaddifficultyintakingataxi.Luckily,awarm-heartedwomangavemealift.Besides,shetoldmehowtotakeataxiandhowtoaskforways.Ireallyappreciatedherhelpandrealizedit'sofgreathelptolearnEnglishwell,whichcanhelpusmunicatewithforeignersandexchangeideas.提能二用課文句型解構(gòu)高考長難句[本單元突破點——bedoingsth.when...,when作并列連詞]經(jīng)典例句比較分析真題嘗試翻譯課文長難句IwasenjoyingmydessertandtalkingtomyAmericanfriendJaniceatthetablewhenInoticedpeoplestaringatus.這是一個并列句，IwasenjoyingmydessertandtalkingtomyAmericanfriendJaniceatthetable是第一個分句，Inoticedpeoplestaringatus是第二個分句。我正開車去倫敦，這時突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己走錯路了。真題長難句IwasdrivingdowntoLondonwhenIsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad.(2017·天津高考)這是一個并列句IwasdrivingdowntoLondon是第一個分句，IsuddenlyfoundthatIwasonthewrongroad是第二個分句?！拔幕绊憽笔恰拔幕L(fēng)俗”下的子話題。文化潛移默化地影響著人們的實踐活動、認識活動和思維方式。文化能夠塑造人，能夠培養(yǎng)健全的人格。關(guān)于這個話題的語篇在高考中涉及很多，如閱讀理解、完形填空，甚至是寫作，因此應(yīng)引起高度重視。一、話題與語篇[考題示例](2016·天津高考)ThejourneymydaughterCathyhashadwithherswimmingisaslongasitisbeautiful.Cathysufferedsometerrible__16__inherearlychildhood.Afteryearsofregulartreatment,she__17__becamehealthy.Twoyearsago,whileCathywaswatchingtheOlympics,adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer.Lastsummer,shewantedto__18__ourlocalswimteam.Shepracticedhardandfinally__19__it.Theteampractice,__20__，wasaroughstart.Shecoughedandchokedandcouldhardly__21__herfirstfewweeks.Hearinghercoughingbitterlyonenight,Idecidedto__22__herfromitall.ButCathywokemeupearlynextmorning,wearingherswimsuit__23__togo!Itoldhersheshouldn'tswimafterawholenight'scoughing,butsherefusedto__24__andinsistedshego.Fromthatdayon,Cathykeptswimminganddidn't__25__asinglepractice.Shehada__26__intentionwithinherselftobethebestshecouldbe.Myten-year-oldwasgrowingandchangingrightbeforemyeyes,intothis__27__humanbeingwithapassionandamission.Thereweremomentsof__28__ofcourse：oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace.ItwasdifficultforCathytoacceptthatshewasn'ta__29__—ever.Butthatdidn'tstopherfromtrying.Thencamethefinalawardsceremonyattheendoftheyear.Cathydidn'texpectanyawardbutwasstillthereto__30__herfriendsandpraisetheiracplishments.Astheceremonywasnearingtheend,Isuddenlyheardtheheadcoach__31__，“ThehighesthonorgoestoCathy！”Lookingaround,hecontinued,“Cathyhasinspireduswithher__32__andenthusiasm.__33__skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess,themostvaluableasset(財富)onecanholdistheheart.”Itwasthegreatest__34__ofmydaughter'slife.Withallshehadbeen__35__inhertenyears,thiswasthehouroftruetriumph(成功)．16．A.failure B．pressureC．loss D．illness17．A.usually B．finallyC．firstly D．frequently18．A.improve B．trainC．join D．contact19．A.increased B．foundC．created D．made20．A.however B．thereforeC．otherwise D．instead21．A.use B．surviveC．save D．waste22．A.pull B．tellC．hide D．fire23．A.afraid B．nervousC．ready D．free24．A.takeoff B．setoffC．giveup D．showup25．A.attend B．missC．ban D．start26．A.rich B．weakC．firm D．kind27．A.trusted B．determinedC．experienced D．embarrassed28．A.frustration B．delightC．excitement D．surprise29．A.beginner B．learnerC．partner D．winner30．A.cheeron B．petewithC．respondto D．runafter31．A.admitting B．explainingC．a(chǎn)nnouncing D．whispering32．A.humor B．willC．honesty D．wisdom33．A.Although B．SinceC．Once D．Because34．A.discovery B．choiceC．influence D．moment35．A.through B．underC．a(chǎn)cross D．a(chǎn)round[策略指導(dǎo)](一)這樣讀文1．抓首句、明文體，確保讀文方向不跑偏由首句ThejourneymydaughterCathyhashadwithherswimmingisaslongasitisbeautiful.和Cathysuffered...,Twoyearago...可知，本文是一篇記敘文。2．抓關(guān)鍵詞(話題詞、行為動詞)，巧串聯(lián)，理順文脈明主旨由文中的關(guān)鍵詞“suffered,swimteam,practised”等可知此文是一篇關(guān)于遭受疾病困擾的女孩堅持練習(xí)游泳的故事。本文的行文脈絡(luò)如下：(二)這樣做題[名師解題]語篇解讀：本文是一篇記敘文。文章講述了作者十歲的女兒凱西在游泳訓(xùn)練的過程中所表現(xiàn)出的堅強的意志和熱情以及給他人帶來的鼓舞。16．選D聯(lián)系下文的關(guān)鍵詞“treatment”及“becamehealthy”可知，作者的女兒凱西曾得過嚴重的疾病(illness)。17．選B聯(lián)系前文的“Afteryearsofregulartreatment”及后文的“becamehealthy”可知，凱西最終(finally)得以恢復(fù)健康。18．選C聯(lián)系前文的“adreamcameintohersweetlittlehead—tobeaswimmer”可知，凱西想加入(join)我們當(dāng)?shù)氐挠斡娟牎?9．選D聯(lián)系前后文可知，凱西通過刻苦訓(xùn)練，最終加入了游泳隊(madeit)。makeit為固定搭配，意為“獲得成功”。20．選A由空格前的madeit及后文的aroughstart可知，雖然凱西最終加入了游泳隊，但(however)訓(xùn)練卻異常艱辛。前后文在語意上是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故填however。21．選B由空格前的“shecoughedandchoked”可以看出，凱西一開始進行游泳訓(xùn)練遭遇了咳嗽、嗆水等一系列困難，前幾個星期幾乎挺不下去(hardlysurviveherfirstfewweeks)。22．選A一天晚上，作者聽到女兒咳嗽得非常厲害，決定讓女兒完全放棄這項運動(pullherfromitall)。文中的pullherfromit意為“把她從這項運動中拉(pull)出來”，即讓女兒放棄這項運動。23．選C聯(lián)系空前的“wearingherswimsuit”可知，凱西已經(jīng)為去參加游泳訓(xùn)練做好了準備(ready)。24．選C聯(lián)系空前的but，refused及空格后的“insistedshego”可知，當(dāng)作者因為女兒晚上咳嗽而勸說她放棄游泳的時候，女兒拒絕放棄(giveup)，選擇堅持。25．選B聯(lián)系空前的“keptswimming”可以看出凱西刻苦訓(xùn)練的決心。再結(jié)合空后的“asinglepractice”可推知，凱西一次訓(xùn)練也沒有落下(miss)。26．選C由該段后文可以看出，凱西心中一直充滿堅定的(firm)信念，即使遇到困難也不放棄，不退縮。27．選B聯(lián)系下文的“shewouldbethelastswimmer”及“Butthatdidn'tstopherfromtrying”可以看出，凱西是一個意志堅定的(determined)人。28．選A聯(lián)系后文的“oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace”可知，凱西也遭遇過一些令她沮喪的時刻(momentsoffrustration)。29．選D聯(lián)系前文的“oftenshewouldbethelastswimmerintherace”以及后文“Butthatdidn'tstopherfromtrying.”可以看出，凱西遇到很多挫折，但對于凱西來說，她不愿意接受自己不是贏家(winner)這件事。30．選A由空格后的“praisetheiracplishments”可知，凱西參加頒獎典禮是為了稱贊朋友們所取得的成績。由“andpraise”可知，凱西為朋友們喝彩(cheeron)。31．選C聯(lián)系空后引用的話可知，總教練在宣布(announce)比賽結(jié)果。32．選B聯(lián)系倒數(shù)第三段對于意志堅定的凱西的描述及倒數(shù)第二段最后一句話中的“themostvaluableassetonecanholdistheheart”可以看出，凱西用她堅強的意志(will)和對游泳運動的熱情鼓舞著她周圍的人。33．選A“skillsandtalentsbringgreatsuccess”(技能和天賦給我們帶來巨大的成功)和“themostvaluableassetonecanholdistheheart”(一個人所擁有的最有價值的財富是內(nèi)心)之間是讓步關(guān)系，所以選although引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。34．選D聯(lián)系該段最后一句中的“thiswasthehouroftruetriumph”可知，這是作者女兒生命中最重要的時刻(moment)。35．選A聯(lián)系空后的“inhertenyears”可知，此處表示“在她經(jīng)歷(through)的十年人生里”。[完形填空系列技法3]利用固定搭配解題英語語言中的很多詞匯均以短語搭配的形式出現(xiàn)，完形填空中不少選項都涉及詞語搭配關(guān)系。因此，做題時，在分析語境、邏輯、理清空白處含義的基礎(chǔ)上，利用對詞匯前后搭配的分析可以快速、準確地推斷完形填空的未知信息。常見的搭配形式包括動詞習(xí)慣搭配、名詞習(xí)慣搭配、介詞習(xí)慣搭配、邏輯搭配(過渡詞、指示代詞等)、語義搭配(辨別同義詞、近義詞、反義詞等)、結(jié)構(gòu)搭配(名詞、動詞、形容詞等在句中或文中和其他詞的搭配)、固定句式和習(xí)慣表達方式以及語境中的詞語辨析等。解答此類題目時，考生需要有扎實的詞匯功底，否則就可能導(dǎo)致誤選。如：19題，前面說她想要參加，所以這里說她刻苦的練習(xí)，終于成功了。makeit“成功”，是固定搭配。選D。22題，我想讓女兒從游泳隊中退出，也就是不想讓她參加，pullsb.from/outofsth.“從……退出”，是詞語搭配。符合語境。選A。(三)這樣積累1．treatmentn．治療2．intentionn. 目的，意圖3．survivev. 幸存4．passionn. 熱心，熱情5．a(chǎn)cplishmentn. 成就，技能6．influencen. 影響7．a(chǎn)wardsceremony 頒獎儀式8．inspiresb.withsth. 激發(fā)某人的某種情感二、話題與寫作[考題示例](2015·全國卷Ⅰ)假定你是李華，你校英文報“外國文化”欄目擬刊登介紹美國節(jié)日風(fēng)俗和中學(xué)生生活的短文。請給美國朋友彼得寫信約稿，要點如下：1．欄目介紹；2．稿件內(nèi)容；3．稿件長度：約400詞；4．交稿日期：6月28日前。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右；2．可以適當(dāng)增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫；3．開頭語已為你寫好。DearPeter，I'dliketoaskyoutowriteanarticleforourschool'sEnglishnewspaper.[寫作規(guī)范]第一步：寫對詞匯不丟冤枉分1．欄目 column2．旨在；瞄準 aim3．機會 opportunity4．涉及 involve5．呈交 submit6．與……共享 share_..._with_...7．大約；上下 or_so8．向……投稿 contribute_to_...第二步：列全要點，寫對句子保基本分1．在我們學(xué)校的報紙上有一個叫“外國文化”的欄目。In_the_newspaper_of_our_school_there_is_a_column_called_“Foreign_Cultures”．2．它旨在介紹美國的風(fēng)俗和高中生的生活。It_aims_to_introduce_American_customs_and_the_life_of_high_school_students.3．我認為對你來說這是一次與我們一起分享你的經(jīng)歷的好機會。I_believe_this_is_a_wonderful_opportunity_for_you_to_share_your_own_experience_with_us.4．你在六月二十八日前交上你的文章是很重要的。(用主語從句)That_you_should_submit_your_article_before_28th,_June_is_important.5．如果你想向我們的報紙投稿，請在截止日期之前發(fā)給我你的文章。If_you_want_to_contribute_to_our_newspaper,_please_send_me_your_article_before_the_deadline.第三步：句式升級，打造亮點得高分1．用現(xiàn)在分詞作后置定語連接練習(xí)1、2In_the_newspaper_of_our_school_there_is_a_column_called_“Foreign_Cultures”，_aiming_to_introduce_American_customs_and_the_life_of_high_school_students.2．用it作形式主語提升練習(xí)4It_is_important_that_you_should_submit_your_article_before_28th,_June.第四步：過渡銜接，潤色成文創(chuàng)滿分DearPeter，I'dliketoaskyoutowriteanarticleforourschool'sEnglishnewspaper.Inthenewspaperofourschoolthereisacolumncalled“ForeignCultures”，aimingtointroduceAmericancustomsandthelifeofhighschoolstudents.Ibelievethisisawonderfulopportunityforyoutoshareyourownexperiencewithus.Thearticlecaninvolvewesternfestivalsandcustoms,suchasIndependenceDay,ThanksgivingDayandChristmas.Youcanalsowriteaboutstudents'dailylife.Thelengthofthearticleshouldbelimitedto400wordsorso.Itisimportantthatyoushouldsubmityourarticlebefore28th,June.Ifyouwanttocontributetoournewspaper,pleasesendmeyourarticlebeforethedeadline.Lookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours，LiHua[單元檢測·高考提能]單元檢測A——語言基礎(chǔ)扎根練＋閱讀理解提速練[語言基礎(chǔ)扎根練]Ⅰ.單詞拼寫/用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1．Theblackfurnishingsprovideaninterestingcontrast(對比)tothewhitewalls.2．Hethoughthismarketingplanwasperfect,butonthecontrary(相反),itwasnotanditfailed.3．Theyreceivedhundredsofrequests(請求)formoreinformation.4．Clientofferstoexchange(交換)hisgoldringforaleatherbag.5．Iamgoingtotaketheparcel(包裹)tothepostofficethisafternoon.6．Maryisattached(依戀)tohermother,soifshegoesabroad,shemayfeelhomesick.7．Weshouldliketoofferourapologies(道歉)forthedelaytoyourflighttoday.8．Wehadaninformal(非正式的)partyatahotel,andpeoplejustfloodedin.9．Therearemorethan42countrieswherethemajority(大多數(shù))ofthepeoplespeakEnglish.10．Manypeoplearenotfamiliar(熟悉)withthetaxationlaws.11．Parentsowetheirchildrenprivacyandrespectfortheirpersonalbelongings(belong)．12．Thehotelheremendedfellfarshortofourexpectations(expect)．13．Wewenttotherestauranttotaste(tasty)theChinesetraditionalfood.14．Yougetaninterestingmealforareasonable(reason)price.15．Inhighschool,Ibecamecurious(curiously)abouttheputer,andbuiltmyfirstwebsite.Ⅱ.單句改錯1．Wemustseetothatallpeopleareequalbeforethelaw.to后加it2．AbsorbinginwatchingTV,hedidnotnoticemeeintotheroom.Absorbing→Absorbed3．Hesoongotusedtoliveinadormitor