定語從句的考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練

本資料來源于《七彩教育網(wǎng)》2010年中考英語復(fù)習(xí)——定語從句的考點(diǎn)講解和訓(xùn)練【考點(diǎn)掃描】中考對(duì)定語從句的考查主要集中在以下幾個(gè)方面：定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法考查的主要形式是單項(xiàng)填空、完型填空、短文填空和完成句子。閱讀理解和書面表達(dá)肯定也要用到定語從句。【名師精講】一.定語從句的功用和結(jié)構(gòu)在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或代詞的從句叫做定語從句。被定從句修飾的詞叫做先行詞。定語從句必須放在先行詞之后。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞。例如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.二.關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的功用關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞用來引導(dǎo)定于從句，在先行詞和定語從句之間起紐帶作用，使二者聯(lián)系起來。關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞又在定語從句中充當(dāng)一個(gè)成分。關(guān)系待客做主語，賓語，定語，關(guān)系副詞可作狀語。1.作主語：關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作主語時(shí)，從句的謂語動(dòng)詞的人稱和數(shù)須和先行詞一致。例如：Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubei2.作賓語：SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.3.作定語關(guān)系代詞whose在定語從句中作定語用。例如：What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作狀語I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.ThisisthehousewhereIwasborn.三.各個(gè)關(guān)系代詞和關(guān)系副詞的具體用法1.who指人，在定語從句中作主語。例如：Thepersonwhobrokethewindowmustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人，在定語從句中作賓語。例如：Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.---Yes,hedoes.A.whichB.whoseC.whereD.who【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主語，所以只有who合適。2.(2004年常州市中考試題)Theletter_______Ireceivedfromhimyesterdayisveryimportant.A.whoB.whereC.whatD.that【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是物，而關(guān)系代詞在定語從句中作賓語，所以只有that合適。3.(2004年揚(yáng)州市中考試題)---Whereisthescientist________gaveusthetalkyesterday?---HehasgonebacktoQinghuaA.whomB.whoC.whoseD.which【解析】答案：B。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主語，所以只有who合適。4.(2004年益陽市中考試題)Ihatepeople_______talkmuchbutdolittle.A.whoseB.whomC.whichD.who【解析】答案：D。該題考查的是引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞的選擇。因?yàn)橄刃性~是人，而關(guān)系代詞又在定語從句中作主語，所以只有who合適?！緷M分演練】一.單項(xiàng)填空1.---Whoistheman_______wastalkingtoourEnglishteacher?---Oh!It’sMrBaker,ourmathsteacher.A.whoB.thatC.whomD.which2.Ihatethepeople________don’thelpotherswhentheyareintrouble.A.whoB.whichC.theyD.where3.Theforeigner_________visitedourschoolisfromCanada.A.whichB.whenC.whoD.whom4.GeorgeMallorywasanEnglishschoolteacher_______lovedclimbing.A.whoB.whomC.heD.which5.Thisistheplace

_____Ihaveevervisited.

A.there

B.when

C.where

D.which6.Nobodyknowsthereason______shedidn’tcometothemeeting.A.thatB.whichC.whyD.when7.Themoonisaworld______thereisnolife.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.why8.Hehasforgottentheday_______hearrived.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.which9.Hestillremembersthedays______hespentwithyourfamily.A.whenB.whereC.thatD.onwhich10.Mr.White,______carhadbeenstolen,cametothepoliceman.A.whoB.thatC.whoseD.which11.Hegottothevillage_______hisfamilyoncelivedbeforeliberation.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where12.Thisisthehouse_______Iwanttobuy.A.inwhichB.thatC.whoseD.where13.Thisisthehouse_______ourbelovedPremierZhouoncelivedandworked.A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where14.Hedidn’ttellmetheplace_______hewasborn.A.thatB.whichC.whenD.where15.Helivedinasmallvillage,______wasalongwayfromtherailwaystation.A.thatB.whichC.whereD.when二.用關(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞將下列每對(duì)句子連成一個(gè)復(fù)合句1.Theboyismyyoungerbrother.Hewashereaminuteago.2.Theoldmanisaprofessor.Heteacheschemistryinacollege.3.BeijingHotelisnearTianAnMenSquare.Theforeignvisitorslivethere.4.Thewomanisherenow.Youweretalkingabouther.5.Thisisthehall.Welistenedtothereportinittheotherday.6.Thecarwasgoing90milesanhour.Thecarjustpassedus.7.Themanwavedtous.Themanwasmyuncle.8.Ienjoyedreadingthebook.Yougavemeabooklastweek.9.Ipreferthesubject.Thesubjectisscience.10.Ispoketotheman.Themanisaprofessor.三.用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系代詞或關(guān)系副詞填空1.Thehouse_______weliveinisverybig.2.Theboy______iswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.3.Thisisthepresent_____hegavemeformybirthday.4.Theman_______talkedtoyoujustnowisanengineer.5.Hetalkedabouttheteachersandschools_______hehadvisited.6.Thereisnothingintheworld_______canfrightenhim.7.Shewearsagoldring,_______isveryuncommoninourclass.8.Wevisitedafactory_______makestoysforchildren.9.Isthistheplace_______yourfatheroncelived?10.I’llneverforgetthedays_______IjoinedtheLeague.【練習(xí)答案】一.1.B2.A3.C4.A5.D6.C7.C8.A9.C10.C11.D12.B13.D14.D15.B二.1.Theboywhowashereaminuteagoismyyoungerbrother.2.Theoldmanwhoteacheschemistryinacollegeisaprofessor.3.BeijingHotelwheretheforeignvisitorsliveisnearTianAnMenSquare.4.Thewomanwhomyouweretalkingaboutisherenow.5.Thisisthehallwherewelistenedtothereporttheotherday.6.Thecarwhichjustpasseduswasgoing90miles