管理學(xué)原理核心英語詞匯

第一章管理總論Manager管理者First-linemanagers基層管理者M(jìn)iddlemanagersTopmanagers管理效率Effectiveness效果計(jì)劃Organizing組織Leading領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Controlling控制Managementprocess管理過程ManagementrolesInterpersonalroles人際關(guān)系角色I(xiàn)nformationalroles信息傳遞角色DecisionalrolesTechnicalskills技術(shù)技能Human

skills

人事技能

Conceptual

skills

概念技能

Closed

systems

封閉系統(tǒng)

Open

systems

開放系統(tǒng)

Specialenvironment具體環(huán)境Generalenvironment一般環(huán)境Contingencyperspective權(quán)變觀Universalityofmanagement管理的普遍性Nonmanagerialemployees/Operatives第二章管理的歷史DivisionoflaborIndustrialrevolution產(chǎn)業(yè)革命Scientificmanagement科學(xué)管理TherbligsGeneraladministrativetheoristsPrinciplesofmanagement管理原則Bureaucracy官僚行政組織、層級(jí)組織Quantitativeapproach定量方法Organizationalbehavior(OB)組織行為HawthorneStudies霍桑研究Workforcediversity員工多樣化Entrepreneurshipe-business(electronicbusiness)電子商務(wù)e-commerce(electroniccommerce)Totalqualitymanagement(TQM)Learningorganization學(xué)習(xí)型組織Knowledgemanagement知識(shí)管理Workplacespirituality團(tuán)隊(duì)精神第三章計(jì)劃Decision-makingprocess決策過程Decisioncriteria決策標(biāo)準(zhǔn)Implementation實(shí)施Rationaldecisionmaking理性決策Boundedrationality有限理性滿意Escalationofcommitment承諾升級(jí)Intuitivedecisionmaking直覺決策Well-structuredproblems結(jié)構(gòu)良好問題Programmeddecision程序化決策Procedure程序Rule規(guī)則政策Poorlystructuredproblems結(jié)構(gòu)不良問題Nonprogrammeddecisions非程序化決策Certainty確定性Risk風(fēng)險(xiǎn)性Uncertainty不確定性DirectivestyleAnalyticstyle分析性風(fēng)格概念性風(fēng)格Behavioralstyle行為性風(fēng)格戰(zhàn)略計(jì)劃作業(yè)計(jì)劃Long-termplans長期計(jì)劃Short-termplans短期計(jì)劃Specificplans具體性計(jì)劃指導(dǎo)性計(jì)劃單一目標(biāo)計(jì)劃標(biāo)準(zhǔn)計(jì)劃Traditionalgoalsetting傳統(tǒng)目標(biāo)設(shè)定Means-endschain手段－結(jié)果鏈Managementbyobjectives(MBO)目標(biāo)管理Mission使命Commitmentconcept承諾概念Formalplanningdepartment正式計(jì)劃部門Strategicmanagement戰(zhàn)略管理StrategicmanagementprocessOpportunities機(jī)會(huì)Threats威脅

Corecompetencies核心能力Strengths優(yōu)勢(shì)Weaknesses劣勢(shì)SWOTanalysisSWOT分析Corporate-levelstrategy公司層戰(zhàn)略Business-levelstrategy事業(yè)層戰(zhàn)略Stabilitystrategy穩(wěn)定戰(zhàn)略GrowthstrategyRelateddiversification相關(guān)領(lǐng)域多元化經(jīng)營Unrelateddiversification不相關(guān)領(lǐng)域多元化經(jīng)營Retrenchmentstrategy收縮戰(zhàn)略BCGmatrixBCG矩陣波士頓咨詢集團(tuán)矩陣Strategicbusinessunits戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)營單位Corecompetencies核心能力Strengths優(yōu)勢(shì)Weaknesses劣勢(shì)SWOTanalysisSWOT分析Corporate-levelstrategy公司層戰(zhàn)略Business-levelstrategy事業(yè)層戰(zhàn)略Stabilitystrategy穩(wěn)定戰(zhàn)略GrowthstrategyRelateddiversification相關(guān)領(lǐng)域多元化經(jīng)營Unrelateddiversification不相關(guān)領(lǐng)域多元化經(jīng)營Retrenchmentstrategy收縮戰(zhàn)略BCGmatrixBCG矩陣波士頓咨詢集團(tuán)矩陣Strategicbusinessunits戰(zhàn)略經(jīng)營單位Competitiveadvantage競爭優(yōu)勢(shì)Costleadershipstrategy成本領(lǐng)先戰(zhàn)略Differentiationstrategy差異化戰(zhàn)略FocusstrategyFunctional-levelstrategy職能層戰(zhàn)略EnvironmentalScanning環(huán)境掃描Competitorintelligence競爭者情報(bào)、競爭者信息Forecasts預(yù)測(cè)Quantitativeforecasting定量預(yù)測(cè)

Qualitativeforecasting定性預(yù)測(cè)ForecastingTechniques預(yù)測(cè)技術(shù)Benchmarking基準(zhǔn)化、標(biāo)桿Resources資源Budget預(yù)算RevenueBudgetsExpenseBudgets費(fèi)用預(yù)算ProfitBudgetsCashBudgets進(jìn)度計(jì)劃、規(guī)劃GanttCharts甘特圖LoadCharts負(fù)荷圖PERTnetwork

Events事件Activities活動(dòng)Slacktime松弛時(shí)間關(guān)鍵線路Breakevenanalysis盈虧平衡分析Linearprogramming線性規(guī)劃Project項(xiàng)目ProjectManagement項(xiàng)目管理Scenario設(shè)想方案

第四章組織Organizing組織Organizationalstructure組織結(jié)構(gòu)Organizationaldesign組織設(shè)計(jì)Workspecialization勞動(dòng)分工Departmentalization部門化Functionaldepartmentalization職能部門化Productdepartmentalization產(chǎn)品部門化Geographicaldepartmentalization地區(qū)部門化Processdepartmentalization過程部門化顧客部門化Cross-functionalteams跨職能團(tuán)隊(duì)ChainofcommandAuthority職權(quán)Responsibility職責(zé)第四章組織Organizing組織Organizationalstructure組織結(jié)構(gòu)Organizationaldesign組織設(shè)計(jì)Workspecialization勞動(dòng)分工Departmentalization部門化Functionaldepartmentalization職能部門化Productdepartmentalization產(chǎn)品部門化Geographicaldepartmentalization地區(qū)部門化Processdepartmentalization過程部門化顧客部門化Cross-functionalteams跨職能團(tuán)隊(duì)ChainofcommandAuthority職權(quán)Responsibility職責(zé)UnityofcommandSpanofcontrol管理幅度Centralization集權(quán)化Decentralization分權(quán)化Formalization正規(guī)化Mechanisticorganization機(jī)械式組織Organicorganization有機(jī)式組織UnitproductionMassproductionProcessproduction連續(xù)生產(chǎn)SimplestructureFunctionalstructure職能型結(jié)構(gòu)Divisionalstructure分部型結(jié)構(gòu)Team-basedstructure團(tuán)隊(duì)結(jié)構(gòu)MatrixstructureProjectstructureAutonomousinternalunits內(nèi)部自治單位Boundarylessorganization無邊界組織Learningorganization學(xué)習(xí)型組織High-performanceworkpractice高績效的工作實(shí)踐HumanresourcemanagementprocessLaborunion工會(huì)Humanresourceplanning人力資源規(guī)劃Jobanalysis職務(wù)分析Jobdescription職務(wù)說明書Jobspecification職務(wù)規(guī)范Recruitment招聘Decruitment解聘Selectionprocess

Validity效度信度Worksampling工作抽樣Assessmentcenters測(cè)評(píng)中心OrientationPerformancemanagementsystemWrittenessay書面描述法Criticalincidents關(guān)鍵事件法Graphicratingscales評(píng)分表法Behaviorallyanchoredratingscales(BARS)行為定位評(píng)分法Multipersoncomparisons多人比較法Grouporderranking分組排序法Individualranking個(gè)體排序法Pairedcomparison配對(duì)比較法360degreefeedback360度反饋

Validity效度信度Worksampling工作抽樣Assessmentcenters測(cè)評(píng)中心OrientationPerformancemanagementsystemWrittenessay書面描述法Criticalincidents關(guān)鍵事件法Graphicratingscales評(píng)分表法Behaviorallyanchoredratingscales(BARS)行為定位評(píng)分法Multipersoncomparisons多人比較法Grouporderranking分組排序法Individualranking個(gè)體排序法Pairedcomparison配對(duì)比較法360degreefeedback360度反饋skill-basedpayCareerOrganizationalchange組織變革Changeagents變革推動(dòng)者Organizationaldevelopment(OD)組織發(fā)展Stress壓力Creativity創(chuàng)造Innovation創(chuàng)新第五章領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Behavior行為Organizationalbehavior組織行為學(xué)Attitudes態(tài)度Cognitivecomponent認(rèn)知成分Affectivecomponent情感成分Behavioralcomponent行為成分Jobsatisfaction工作滿意度Jobinvolvement工作投入Organizationalcommitment組織承諾Organizationalcitizenshipbehavior(OCB)組織公民行為Cognitivedissonance認(rèn)知失調(diào)AttitudesurveysPersonality人性Big-fivemodelEmotionalintelligence(EI)情感智商LocusofcontrolMachiavellianism馬基雅維里主義Self-esteem自尊Self-monitoring自我監(jiān)控Perception知覺Attributiontheory歸因理論

FundamentalattributionerrorSelf-servingbias自我服務(wù)偏見Selectivity有選擇地接受、選擇性Assumedsimilarity假設(shè)相似性Stereotyping刻板印象Learning學(xué)習(xí)Operantconditioning操作性條件反射Sociallearningtheory社會(huì)學(xué)習(xí)理論ShapingbehaviorMotivation動(dòng)機(jī)Need需要Hierarchyofneedstheory需要層次理論P(yáng)hysiologicalneeds生理需要Safetyneeds安全需要Socialneeds社會(huì)需要EsteemneedsSelf-actualizationneeds自我實(shí)現(xiàn)需要TheoryXX理論TheoryYY理論Motivation-hygienetheory激勵(lì)－保健理論HygienefactorsMotivators激勵(lì)因素Three-needstheory三種需要理論Needforachievement(nAch)成就需要Needforpower(nPow)權(quán)力需要Needforaffiliation(nAff)歸屬需要Goal-settingtheory目標(biāo)設(shè)定理論Reinforcementtheory強(qiáng)化理論Reinforcers強(qiáng)化物Jobdesign職務(wù)設(shè)計(jì)Jobscope職務(wù)范圍Jobenlargement職務(wù)擴(kuò)大化Jobenrichment工作豐富化Jobdepth職務(wù)深度

Jobcharacteristicmodel(JCM)SkillvarietyTaskidentity任務(wù)同一性任務(wù)重要性Autonomy自主性Feedback反饋EquitytheoryReferents參照對(duì)象

expectancytheory期望理論Compressedworkweek壓縮工作周Flexibleworkhours彈性工作制Jobsharing職務(wù)分擔(dān)Contingentworkers應(yīng)急工Telecommuting電子通信，遠(yuǎn)程辦公Pay-forperformanceprogramsOpen-bookmanagement公開帳簿管理Leader領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者Leadership領(lǐng)導(dǎo)Behavioraltheories行為理論Autocraticstyle權(quán)威式DemocraticstyleLaissez-fairestyle放任式Initiatingstructure定規(guī)維度Consideration關(guān)懷維度High-highleaderManagerialgridFiedlermodel菲德勒權(quán)變模型Least-preferredco-worker(LPC)questionnaire最難共事者問卷Leader-memberrelations領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者－成員關(guān)系，上下級(jí)關(guān)系Taskstructure

PositionpowerSituationalleadershiptheory(SLT)Readiness準(zhǔn)備狀態(tài)Maturity成熟度Leaderparticipationmodel領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者參與模型Path-goaltheoryTransactionalleaders事務(wù)型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者Transformationalleaders變革型領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者Charismaticleader超凡魅力的領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者Visionaryleadership愿景領(lǐng)導(dǎo)者LegitimatepowerCoercivepowerRewardpower獎(jiǎng)賞權(quán)Expertpower專長權(quán)ReferentpowerCredibility可信度Trust誠信、信任Empowerment授權(quán)Interpersonalcommunication人際溝通組織溝通編碼Decoding