Unit+4+Natural+disasters+Reading+for+writing+自然災(zāi)害報(bào)道的概要寫(xiě)作講義 高中英語(yǔ)人教版（2019）必修第一冊(cè)

【教材原文】ReadingforWritingTSUNAMIHITSASIA:OVER6,500DEADThemostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.Inthatareaalone,atleast1,870peoplewerekilled.昨日，40年來(lái)最為強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)海嘯，重創(chuàng)亞洲沿海地帶，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國(guó)、馬來(lái)西亞和至少其他四個(gè)國(guó)家的6,500多人死亡。漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車(chē)都被9.0級(jí)強(qiáng)震所引發(fā)的巨浪卷走。海嘯巨浪由周日上午7:00許發(fā)生在印度尼西亞蘇門(mén)答臘島西岸附近海域的海底地震引發(fā)。僅該地區(qū)就有至少1,870人死亡。InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilledalongthesoutherncoast.Another254werefounddeadinThailandand54inthreeothercountries.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing,localofficialssaid.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety,”saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.政府官員稱(chēng)，在斯里蘭卡，震中以西約1,600千米處，死亡人數(shù)高達(dá)2,498人，另有100多萬(wàn)人受到海嘯的影響。印度官員稱(chēng)，南部海岸地區(qū)有多達(dá)1,900人喪生。泰國(guó)另有254人死亡，其他三個(gè)國(guó)家有54人喪生。當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T表示，泰國(guó)南部有1,900人受傷，失蹤人數(shù)則更多。泰國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)氐囊晃粙D女錢(qián)德拉·特拉維說(shuō):“當(dāng)時(shí)我和三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯，海水開(kāi)始灌入屋內(nèi)。我們只好扔下一切，跑到安全地帶?！盩housandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.仍有成千上萬(wàn)人失蹤，預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)幾天死亡人數(shù)還將增加。目前正在為這些受災(zāi)國(guó)家組織國(guó)外援助。然而，由于條件險(xiǎn)惡和道路受損，食物運(yùn)送和物資補(bǔ)給將非常困難。:OVER6,500DEAD海嘯襲擊亞洲：6500多人喪生ByRobertWoodhouseMonday,27December2004羅伯特·伍德豪斯

2004年12月27日

星期一Themostpowerfulearthquakeinthepast40yearscausedatsunamithatcrashedintocoastlinesacrossAsiayesterday,killingmorethan6,500peopleinIndonesia,India,Thailand,Malaysia,andatleastfourothercountries.Fishermen,tourists,hotels,homes,andcarsweresweptawaybyhugewavescausedbythestrongearthquakethatreachedamagnitudeof9.0.Theunderseaquakestruckaround7:00a.m.,SundayoffthewestcoastofIndonesia’sSumatraIsland.Inthatareaalone,atleast1,870peoplewerekilled.昨日，40年來(lái)最為強(qiáng)烈的地震引發(fā)海嘯，重創(chuàng)亞洲沿海地帶，造成印度尼西亞、印度、泰國(guó)、馬來(lái)西亞和至少其他四個(gè)國(guó)家的6,500多人死亡。漁民、游客、酒店、住房和汽車(chē)都被9.0級(jí)強(qiáng)震所引發(fā)的巨浪卷走。海嘯巨浪由周日上午7:00許發(fā)生在印度尼西亞蘇門(mén)答臘島西岸附近海域的海底地震引發(fā)。僅該地區(qū)就有至少1,870人死亡。InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstoodat2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.Indianofficialssaidasmanyas1,900hadbeenkilledalongthesoutherncoast.Another254werefounddeadinThailandand54inthreeothercountries.InsouthernThailand,1,900peoplewerehurtandmanymoreweremissing,localofficialssaid.“Iwashavingbreakfastwithmythreechildrenwhenwaterstartedfillingmyhome.Wehadtoleaveeverythingandruntosafety,”saidChandraTheeravit,alocalThaiwoman.政府官員稱(chēng)，在斯里蘭卡，震中以西約1,600千米處，死亡人數(shù)高達(dá)2,498人，另有100多萬(wàn)人受到海嘯的影響。印度官員稱(chēng)，南部海岸地區(qū)有多達(dá)1,900人喪生。泰國(guó)另有254人死亡，其他三個(gè)國(guó)家有54人喪生。當(dāng)?shù)毓賳T表示，泰國(guó)南部有1,900人受傷，失蹤人數(shù)則更多。泰國(guó)當(dāng)?shù)氐囊晃粙D女錢(qián)德拉·特拉維說(shuō):“當(dāng)時(shí)我和三個(gè)孩子正在吃早飯，海水開(kāi)始灌入屋內(nèi)。我們只好扔下一切，跑到安全地帶。”Thousandsofpeoplearestillmissing,andthenumberofdeathsisexpectedtogrowevenhigheroverthenextfewdays.Foreignaidisbeingorganisedforthetsunami-hitcountries.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.仍有成千上萬(wàn)人失蹤，預(yù)計(jì)未來(lái)幾天死亡人數(shù)還將增加。目前正在為這些受災(zāi)國(guó)家組織國(guó)外援助。然而，由于條件險(xiǎn)惡和道路受損，食物運(yùn)送和物資補(bǔ)給將非常困難?！窘滩募丫洹?.InSriLanka,some1,600kilometreswestofthequakecentre,thenumberofdeathsstood

at2,498,andonemillionmorewereaffectedbythetsunami,governmentofficialssaid.

政府官員稱(chēng)，在震中以西約1600千米處的斯里蘭卡，死亡人數(shù)高達(dá)2498人，另有100多萬(wàn)人受到海嘯的影響。講解：stand此處為熟詞生義，可以學(xué)習(xí)；意思是tobeataparticularlevel,amount,height,etc.達(dá)特定水平（或數(shù)量、高度等），搭配為standat。舉一反三：當(dāng)時(shí)的世界紀(jì)錄是6.59米。_________________________________________________________________________________2.However,dangerousconditionsanddamagedroadswillmakeitdifficulttodeliverfoodandsupplies.然而，由于條件險(xiǎn)惡和道路受阻，食物運(yùn)送和物資補(bǔ)給將非常困難。講解：makeit+adj.+todosth.，注意這里it作為形式賓語(yǔ)，真正的賓語(yǔ)是后面todo的內(nèi)容。舉一反三：互聯(lián)網(wǎng)使我們可以在家里購(gòu)買(mǎi)各種各樣的商品。_________________________________________________________________________________【相關(guān)語(yǔ)料】各國(guó)語(yǔ)言English英語(yǔ)；Spanish西班牙語(yǔ)；MandarinChinese普通話(huà)；Arabic阿拉伯語(yǔ)；French法語(yǔ)；Russian俄語(yǔ)；Portuguese葡萄牙語(yǔ)；German德語(yǔ)；Japanese日語(yǔ)；Korean韓語(yǔ)/朝鮮語(yǔ)；Turkish土耳其語(yǔ)；Italian意大利語(yǔ)；Dutch荷蘭語(yǔ)；Vietnamese越南語(yǔ)；Polish波蘭語(yǔ)；Thai泰語(yǔ)常見(jiàn)語(yǔ)法術(shù)語(yǔ)Noun名詞；Verb動(dòng)詞；Adjective形容詞；Adverb副詞；Pronoun代詞；Preposition介詞；Conjunction連詞；Interjection感嘆詞；Subject主語(yǔ)；Predicate謂語(yǔ)；Object賓語(yǔ)；Clause從句；Phrase短語(yǔ)；Tense時(shí)態(tài)；Aspect（動(dòng)詞的）體；Mood語(yǔ)氣；Voice主被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)如何進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)Startwiththebasics:Learncommonwords,phrases,andgreetings.

學(xué)習(xí)常見(jiàn)單詞、短語(yǔ)和問(wèn)候語(yǔ)。Practiceregularly:Consistentpracticeiskeytolanguageacquisition.

持續(xù)的練習(xí)是語(yǔ)言習(xí)得的關(guān)鍵。Immerseyourself:Surroundyourselfwiththelanguagethroughmediaandconversations.

通過(guò)媒體和對(duì)話(huà)來(lái)讓自己置身于該語(yǔ)言環(huán)境中。Uselanguagelearningresources:Utilizetextbooks,onlinecourses,languagelearningapps,andlanguageexchangeplatforms.

利用教材、在線(xiàn)課程、語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)應(yīng)用程序和語(yǔ)言交流平臺(tái)。Seekfeedback:Engagewithnativespeakersorlanguagetutorstoreceivefeedbackonyourlanguageskills.

與母語(yǔ)為該語(yǔ)言的人或語(yǔ)言老師交流，以獲得對(duì)你語(yǔ)言能力的反饋。Bepatientandpersistent:Languagelearningisagradualprocessthatrequiresperseverance.

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)是一個(gè)逐漸的過(guò)程，需要毅力。語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)意義Communication:Languageistheprimarytoolforcommunication,enablinginteractionandexchangeofideasamongindividuals.

語(yǔ)言是交流的主要工具，使個(gè)體之間能夠互動(dòng)和交流想法。Culturalunderstanding:Learningalanguageprovidesinsightsintotheculture,traditions,andvaluesofitsspeakers.

學(xué)習(xí)一門(mén)語(yǔ)言能夠深入了解其使用者的文化、傳統(tǒng)和價(jià)值觀。Cognitivebenefits:Languagelearningenhancescognitiveabilitiessuchasmemoryandproblem-solving.

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)增強(qiáng)了記憶力和問(wèn)題解決能力認(rèn)知能力。Personalgrowth:Languagelearningfosterspersonalgrowthbychallengingindividualstostepoutoftheircomfortzonesandadapttonewlinguisticandculturalenvironments.

語(yǔ)言學(xué)習(xí)通過(guò)挑戰(zhàn)個(gè)人走出舒適區(qū)并適應(yīng)新的語(yǔ)言和文化環(huán)境來(lái)促進(jìn)個(gè)人成長(zhǎng)?！镜淅饰觥勘締卧膶?xiě)作有關(guān)新聞報(bào)道，也有關(guān)summary，后者我們將通過(guò)兩篇真題進(jìn)行練手。新聞報(bào)道是用簡(jiǎn)明扼要的文字報(bào)道新近發(fā)生的新聞事實(shí)的一種應(yīng)用文體。新聞報(bào)道一般由標(biāo)題，導(dǎo)語(yǔ)，主體及結(jié)語(yǔ)四個(gè)部分組成。假定你的家鄉(xiāng)收到地震侵襲，請(qǐng)寫(xiě)一篇新聞報(bào)道，敘述一下當(dāng)時(shí)的場(chǎng)景以及政府救援的情況。內(nèi)容包括：1.損失情況；2.救援情況。注意：1.詞數(shù)應(yīng)為80左右；2.可適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。參考范文：Aterribleearthquakehitmyhometownyesterday,leavingbehindatrailofdestruction.Numeroushousesandroadsweredestroyed,leavingagreatmanypeopleinjuredorhomeless.Itseemedasiftheworldwerecomingtoanend!Fortunately,theswiftresponseofthesoldiersbroughthopeamidstthechaos.Theytirelesslyworkedtolocatesurvivors,extricatethosetrappedbeneaththerubble,andrespectfullylaytorestthedeparted.Meanwhile,thegovernmentswiftlymobilized,offeringessentialresourcessuchascleanwater,nourishment,andtemporaryshelterstothosemostaffectedbythecalamity.【真題鏈接】(2018年11月浙江)閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

It’sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapplybecausetheirwebsitescanallstarttolookandsoundthesame.Nothingwillgiveyouthesenseofwhatitwillactuallybeliketoliveonacollegecampus(校園)likevisitingandseeingforyourselfthedorms,classroomsandathleticequipmentand,ofcourse,thestudents.Itseemsalittlecrazyoncesenioryearhitstofindthetimetovisitcollegecampuses,anditcanalsobepriceyiftheschoolsyouareapplyingtohappentobemorethanacarrideaway.Keepinmindthatyouaremakingadecisionaboutthenextfouryearsofyourlife,anddoalltheresearchyoucantomakesureyouaremakingtherightone.There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Infact,alotofcollegeapplicationsevenaskifyouhavevisitedcampus,andobviously,ifyouliveacrossthecountrythatwon'tbeasmuchofapossibility,butifyoulivenearby,gocheckitout!Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’dliketoattend.Itcansaveyoualotofheadacheifyouruleoutnowthethingsthatyoudon’tlikeaboutcertaincampuses,thingsthatyouwouldn’tknowunlessyouactuallyvisit.Now,iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.It’sachancetochatonlinewithadmissionsofficers,students,andcollegecounselors(顧問(wèn)),anditwon'tcostyouapenny!Youcanregisterforitsonlinecollegefairatcollegeweeklive.com.Whilevisitinganonlinecollegefaircan’ttaketheplaceofanactualcampusvisit,itcanbeaveryusefultoolthatalongwithallyourotherresearchwillhelpyoumakeaninformeddecisionaboutwhichcollegesoruniversitiesyou’dliketoattend.【原文解析】這篇文章是一篇典型的說(shuō)明文，主要介紹了學(xué)生參觀訪(fǎng)問(wèn)申請(qǐng)的大學(xué)的必要性。這篇文章是遞進(jìn)式的，四段式，要求每段概括出一句話(huà)，串聯(lián)成文章。主題句如下：Paragraph1：It’sareallygoodideatovisitcollegesbeforeyouapply.Paragraph2：There’snoexcusenottovisittheschoolsinyourlocalarea.Paragraph3：Ifcampusvisitsaren’tgoingtohappenbeforeyouapply,attheveryleastyoushouldfindsometimebetweenapplyingandgettingyouracceptanceletterstovisittheschoolsyou’dliketoattend.Paragraph4：Iftimeandmoneyaremakingitimpossible,thencheckouttheonlinecollegefairsatCollegeWeekLive.要點(diǎn)一：在申請(qǐng)大學(xué)之前拜訪(fǎng)是一個(gè)好主意要點(diǎn)二：沒(méi)有理由不去拜訪(fǎng)附近的學(xué)校要點(diǎn)三：即使沒(méi)有在申請(qǐng)之前拜訪(fǎng)學(xué)校，至少也要在申請(qǐng)之后和入學(xué)之前去拜訪(fǎng)要點(diǎn)四：如果時(shí)間和金錢(qián)不允許，就去查詢(xún)相關(guān)學(xué)?！究紙?chǎng)作文】22分Toselectasuitablecollegeandfullyknowit,you’readvisedtopayavisittocollegesinadvance.Youcan’thesitatetodosoifcollegesarewithinyourreachassomemayevenaskfortheexperience.Ifnot,avisitbeforebeingadmittedisstillnecessarytomakeyourselfprepared.Atleast,youshouldacquaintyourselfwiththemthroughonlinecollegefairswhichisusefulandfree.

專(zhuān)家評(píng)價(jià)：①框架完整，包含主旨；②語(yǔ)言流暢，用詞并不高檔；③

ifnot

用法含糊。(2019年6月浙江)

閱讀下面短文，根據(jù)其內(nèi)容寫(xiě)一篇60詞左右的內(nèi)容概要。

Parentseverywherepraisetheirkids.JennBerman,authorofTheAtoZGuidetoRaisingHappyandConfidentKids,says,“We’vegonetotheoppositeextremeofafewdecadesagowhenparentstendedtobemorestrict.”Bygivingkidsalotofpraise,parentsthinkthey’rebuildingtheirchildren’sconfidence,when,infact,itmaybejusttheopposite.Toomuchpraisecanbackfireand,whengiveninawaythat’sinsincere,makekidsafraidtotrynewthingsortakeariskforfearofnotbeingabletostayontopwheretheirparents’praisehasputthem.Still,don’tgotoofarintheotherdirection.Notgivingenoughpraisecanbejustasdamagingasgivingtoomuch.Kidswillfeellikethey’renotgoodenoughorthatyoudon’tcareand,asaresult,mayseenopointintryinghardfortheiraccomplishments.Sowhatistherightamountofpraise?Expertssaythatthequalityofpraiseismoreimportantthanthequantity.Ifpraiseissincereandfocusedontheeffortnottheoutcome,youcangiveitasoftenasyourchilddoessomethingthatdeservesaverbalreward.“Weshouldespeciallyrecognizeou