2022年山東省青島市嶗山區(qū)第十一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析

2022年山東省青島市嶗山區(qū)第十一中學(xué)高三英語(yǔ)下學(xué)期期末試卷含解析一、選擇題1.Low-carbonlifestyleisofgreatbenefittoimprovetheworldenvironment.______canbeenjoyedfromituntilyouhaveadeepunderstandingofit,however.

A.Something

B.Nothing

C.Few

D.Much參考答案：B2.Afterthenewtechniquewasintroduced,thefactoryproduced_______trucksin2011astheyearbefore.A.astwicemany

B.asmanytwice

C.twiceasmany

D.twicemanyas參考答案：C3.It'snotthescoreyou'vegot,buttheattitudeyouchoose______determinesourevaluationofyourwork．A．which

B．that

C．what

D．who參考答案：B【知識(shí)點(diǎn)】特殊句式解析：考察強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，Itis+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that，強(qiáng)調(diào)句的特點(diǎn)就是去掉Itis…that，句子成分完整。Notthescore(you'vegot),buttheattitude(youchoose)determinesourevaluationofyourwork．【典型總結(jié)】強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，Itis/was+強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that…4.---Whyhaveyoucometoworkonfoottoday?---Well,mybike_____andIhatetakingacrowdedbus.A.hasbeenrepaired B.isrepairing

C.willberepaired D.isbeingrepaired參考答案：D5.

—Well,Iforgottobringmydictionaryhereyesterday.

—Oh,actuallyyou___ithere,fordictionarieswerenotallowedtousehereyesterday.A.needn’tbring

B.needn’thavebrought

C.didn’tneedtobring

D.don’thavetobring參考答案：B6.Anotherprimaryschoolisreported____forchildreninWenChuannow.A.tohavebeenbuilt

B.tohavebuilt

C.beingbuilt

D.tobebuilt參考答案：A7.Betweenclassesisaten-minutebreak,_______studentscanrelaxthemselves.

A.when

B.where

C.whose

D.which參考答案：A8.Agoodlistenertakespartintheconversation,_______ideasandraisingquestionstokeepthetalkflowing.Arealizing

Bcopying

Coffering

Dmisunderstanding參考答案：C9..----Youlookupset.What’sthematter?

----Ihadmyproposal__________again.A.turnedover B.turnedonC.turnedoff D.turneddown參考答案：D【詳解】考查動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)辨析。句意：——你看上去不高興，怎么了？——我的建議又被拒絕了。A.turnover顛倒，傾覆；B.turnon打開(kāi)；C.turnoff關(guān)掉。D.turndown拒絕。由“Youlookupset”可知，建議又被拒絕了。故選D。10.Rosycameinfor_________coffeeandtoldme_________firecrackersoutsidekeptherawakelastnight.A.a;the

B.不填;the

C.the;a

D.a;the參考答案：A11.Davidis

animalfur,sohewon’tvisitanyonewhohascatsordogsinthehouse.

A.curiousabout

B.allergicto

C.satisfiedwith D.fondof參考答案：B略12.--Youforgotyourkeyswhenyoulefthomeinthemorning.

--Goodheavens,___________.

A.sodidI.

B.soIdid.

C.soyoudid.

D.sodidyou.參考答案：B略13._____aroundtheWaterCube,wewerethentakentoseetheBird’sNest.

A.Havingshown

B.Tobeshown

C.Havingbeenshown

D.Toshow參考答案：C14.---Let’shaveagameoftennis;theloserhastotreattheothertoanicecream.---_________.A.I’mafraidso

B.It’sadeal

C.You’vegotapoint

D.Isupposenot參考答案：B15.Nicknamesareinteresting.If_______manwereunusuallystrong,hemightadopt_______namesuch

asArmstrong.

A.a;the

B.a;a

C.a;不填

D.the;a參考答案：B略16.Butfortheircommoninterests,they_____cooperatedsosmoothlyintheinvestigationofthecase.A.couldhave

B.willnothave

C.couldnothave

D.havenot參考答案：C17.Iwasreadinganovelinthelibrarywhensuddenlysomeonepattedmeon______headfrombehind,whichwasreally______shock.A.the;the B.the;a C.a;the D.a;a參考答案：B二、新的題型18.ReasonstoexerciseregularlyYou'vebeentoldahundredtimesthatexerciseisgoodforyourhealth.

____12____Herearefourbenefitsthatyoucangetfromjustalittledailyexercise.___13___

DOyoufeelabitcleareraftergooddailyexercise?Notonlyisyourbraingettingmoreenergyandoxygen,butmanystudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpyourememberandlearnthingsbetter.Ofcourse,anintenseexerciserightbeforeabigexamcouldleaveyoumoretiredthansmart-butthetwoarestillundoubtedlylinked.You'llbecomemoreconfident.

___14___Throughexercising,youwillfeelmoreaccomplishedandsocial(ifyouworkoutatagym).Evenifyoudon'tseeimmediateresultsinyourbody,theeffortwillmakeyoufeelbetter-andabitofconfidencecangoalongway.You'lllivelonger.It'snosecretthathealthylivingwillkeepyoualivelonger.Onestudyfoundthatexerciseimproveslifeexpectancyasmuchasquittingsmoking.

____15____Andjustabitofregularexercisecanslowtheprocessforawhile.You'llsleepbetter.Ifyoueverhavetroublefallingasleepatnight,itisagoodwaytosolvethisproblemwithregularexercise.TheNationalSleepFoundationsaysthatregularexercisecanhelpyousleepbetter.____16____Ifyouexercisetoocloselytobedtime,itcanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect!Luckily,youcanchooseothergoodwaystofillupthatpre-bedrelaxationtime.A.You'llbehappier.B.Itisreallytruethatsittingalldayiskillingyou.C.You'llimproveyourmemory.D.Bothoftheseareimportantpartsoflosingweight.E.Obviously,exercisecanimproveyourappearancewhichcanimproveconfidence.F.It'strue,andit'sgoodforalotmorethanjustlosingweightorbuildingmuscle.G.Thebesttimetoexerciseisinthemorningorintheafternoon,ratherthanbeforebed.參考答案：12.F

13.C

14.E

15.B

16.G試題分析：本文講述了規(guī)律性鍛煉的重要性。12.E?？疾樯舷挛睦斫狻８鶕?jù)前文可知鍛煉的重要性經(jīng)常被提及。所以這里應(yīng)該接著鍛煉的重要性來(lái)講。It’strue,andit’sgoodforalotmorethanjustlosingweightorbuildingmuscle.“這是對(duì)的，而且它不僅僅對(duì)減肥和增肌有用?！惫蔬xE。13.B考查上下文理解。根據(jù)下文的butmanystudieshaveshownthatexercisecanhelpyourememberandlearnthingsbetter“但是許多研究表明鍛煉會(huì)幫助你記憶和學(xué)習(xí)一些事情”。所以這里應(yīng)該填入和提高記憶力有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)。因此選B。14.F考查上下文理解。根據(jù)空前的Youwillbecomemoreconfident與選項(xiàng)中的confidence對(duì)應(yīng)。故選F。15.C考查上下文理解。根據(jù)前文的Onestudyfoundthatexerciseimproveslifeexpectancyasmuchasquittingsmoking可知這一段說(shuō)的是鍛煉與壽命的關(guān)系。所以這里應(yīng)該填入和壽命有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)。Itisreallytruethatsittingalldayiskillingyou.“靜坐一整天正在緩慢地殺死你?！惫蔬xC。16.G考查上下文理解。根據(jù)下文的Ifyouexercisetoocloselytobedtime,itcanactuallyhavetheoppositeeffect!“如果鍛煉的時(shí)間接近睡前，鍛煉很可能會(huì)有相反的效果”。所以這里說(shuō)的是鍛煉的時(shí)間的問(wèn)題。故選G?！久麕燑c(diǎn)睛】該類題型要求從短文后的七個(gè)選項(xiàng)中（均為完整的句子）選出五個(gè)能填入文章空處的最佳選項(xiàng)，主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握。其命題形式深受英語(yǔ)四六級(jí)和考研閱讀多項(xiàng)選擇題的影響，體現(xiàn)了《新課標(biāo)》“用英語(yǔ)獲取、處理和運(yùn)用信息的能力；逐步獲取用英語(yǔ)思維的能力。”的閱讀學(xué)習(xí)和教學(xué)理念。該題型命題形式仍然具有客觀題的特點(diǎn)，又與完形填空具有異曲同工之妙，只是選項(xiàng)少，以句子形式出現(xiàn)，考查目的和側(cè)重點(diǎn)不完全相同而已。從《考試說(shuō)明》對(duì)該題型命題目的的表述“主要考查考生對(duì)文章的整體內(nèi)容和結(jié)構(gòu)以及上下文邏輯意義的理解和掌握?！笨梢缘贸鲆韵屡袛啵涸擃}備選項(xiàng)可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。其多余的兩個(gè)干擾項(xiàng)也往往從這三方面進(jìn)行設(shè)置，例如主旨概括句或過(guò)于寬泛或以偏概全或偏離主題，過(guò)渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)，注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，把握全篇文脈是閱讀填空題解題的關(guān)鍵，英語(yǔ)的語(yǔ)篇（discourse）通常是由句子和語(yǔ)段（sentencegroup）構(gòu)成的，語(yǔ)段是句子和語(yǔ)篇之間的中間層次，句子雖然能夠單獨(dú)地表達(dá)相對(duì)完整的思想，但是它不能表達(dá)多方面的、比較復(fù)雜的思想，只有把幾個(gè)句子結(jié)合為較大的言語(yǔ)片段，才能表達(dá)一個(gè)相對(duì)獨(dú)立的層意，所謂的“積句而成章，積章而成篇?！本褪沁@個(gè)道理。分析文章的層次包含兩種形式：一種是分析整篇文章的層次，也就是段落，另一種是分析每一個(gè)段落內(nèi)部的層次，也就是語(yǔ)篇層次。語(yǔ)篇與段落是有區(qū)別的，語(yǔ)段是篇章結(jié)構(gòu)的中間層次，是由句子到篇的一種過(guò)渡形式，段落（paragraph）是在某些語(yǔ)體（如記敘文、議論文）中比語(yǔ)段更大的意義單位，較小的段落可以只包括一個(gè)語(yǔ)段或一個(gè)句子，一般來(lái)說(shuō)，一個(gè)段落通常由幾個(gè)語(yǔ)段構(gòu)成。構(gòu)成語(yǔ)段的方式有兩種，一是靠句際間意義的結(jié)合，二是靠句際間的關(guān)聯(lián)詞，邏輯性插入語(yǔ)來(lái)連接，在分析語(yǔ)段層次時(shí)，可以借助句際間的連接詞語(yǔ)作出判斷，但最主要的還是要真正體會(huì)句際間的意義關(guān)系，把握作者的思路，從語(yǔ)序上去發(fā)現(xiàn)斷續(xù)點(diǎn)，理清層次，好文章的層次非常清晰，只有層層入手，才能真正理解文章。其實(shí)，“七選五”跟傳統(tǒng)題型完形填空有相似之處，只要考生選擇的答案能夠使行文連貫，符合英文的語(yǔ)法以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)就行。另外，從該題型給出的選項(xiàng)中我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)一些特點(diǎn)：該題型選項(xiàng)大致可分為主旨概括句（文章整體內(nèi)容）、過(guò)渡性句子（文章結(jié)構(gòu)）和注釋性句子（上下文邏輯意義）三類。另外兩個(gè)多余的干擾項(xiàng)也可以通過(guò)這三個(gè)特點(diǎn)來(lái)排除，例如主旨概括句要么過(guò)于寬泛要么以偏概全或偏離主題；過(guò)渡性句子不能反映文章的行文結(jié)構(gòu)；注釋性句子與上文脫節(jié)等。一、先通讀選項(xiàng)，理解句意，同時(shí)掌握選項(xiàng)特點(diǎn)并比較語(yǔ)義重心的異同。比如，通過(guò)閱讀選項(xiàng)，有可能找出跟其他選項(xiàng)表達(dá)完全不同意思的句子，這樣的話我們就可以直接將該選項(xiàng)排除。二、再通讀全文，了解大意并分析篇章結(jié)構(gòu)，著重看空前空后。由于“七選五”空出的是句子，而這些句子與句子之間，必然有一種聯(lián)系。因此，我們可以通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中某個(gè)名詞或動(dòng)詞跟空前或空后的一致性或者相關(guān)性來(lái)確定這兩個(gè)句子之間的關(guān)聯(lián)性，從而選擇正確的答案。如：小題4：C考查上下文理解。根據(jù)前文的Onestudyfoundthatexerciseimproveslifeexpectancyasmuchasquittingsmoking可知這一段說(shuō)的是鍛煉與壽命的關(guān)系。所以這里應(yīng)該填入和壽命有關(guān)的選項(xiàng)。Itisreallytruethatsittingalldayiskillingyou.“靜坐一整天正在緩慢地殺死你?！惫蔬xC。三、根據(jù)語(yǔ)境線索選擇答案，注意抓住其關(guān)鍵詞語(yǔ)。語(yǔ)境線索主要指反映上下文關(guān)系的銜接手段，如篇章結(jié)構(gòu)、詞語(yǔ)重現(xiàn)、邏輯、連接、指稱、同構(gòu)等。1.篇章結(jié)構(gòu)通常為總--分或總--分--總。2.詞語(yǔ)重現(xiàn)不是指詞語(yǔ)的簡(jiǎn)單再現(xiàn)，而是指某個(gè)詞語(yǔ)可能以不同的詞類、性、數(shù)、格、時(shí)、體、態(tài)等形式出現(xiàn)。如read,reading,readers，還可能以同義詞或反義詞的形式出現(xiàn)。如：小題3：F考查上下文理解。根據(jù)空前的Youwillbecomemoreconfident與選項(xiàng)中的confidence對(duì)應(yīng)。故選F。三、閱讀理解19.Inthestoryof“ThecrowandthePitcher”fromAesop’sFables,athistycrow(烏鴉)dropsstonesintoanarrowjartoraisethelowlevelofwaterinsidesohecantakeadrink.Nowscientistshaveevidencetobackupthatstory.Crowsactuallydounderstandhowtomakewaterdisplacement(移位)worktotheiradvantage,experimentsshow.Theresultssuggestthatthebirdsare,atleastinsomeaspects,assmartasfirst-graders.Researchers,ledbySarahJelbertattheUniversityofAucklandinNewZealand,presentedsixcrowswithtubesfilledwithwater.Insidethetubes,awormorpieceofmeatonapieceofwoodwasfloating,justoutofreachofthecrow.Infrontofthetubes,theresearchersarrangedseveralrubbererasersthatwouldsink,andsomeplasticobjectsthatwouldfloat.Thecrowsfoundoutthattheycoulddroptheerasersintothetubesinordertoraisethewaterlevelandgettheirsnack.However,thebirdshandledawkwardlyinexperimentsinwhichtheycouldchoosetodropobjectsineitherawidetubeoranarrowonetogetasnack,theresearcherssaid.Droppingobjectsintonarrowtubewouldliftthewaterlevelbyagreateramountandputthetreatwithinreachafterjusttwodrops;whileittookaroundsevendropstoraisethesnacktothesamelevelinthewidetube.Thecrowsobviouslydidn’trealizethis,andmostofthemwentforthewidetubefirst.Previousstudiesshowedthatchimpsandhumanchildrencansolvesimilartasks.Ina2011study,chimpsandkidsfoundoutthattheycouldputwaterintoatubetoreachapeanutthatwasfloatinginasmallamountofwateratthebottom.12.HowdidthecrowsgetthesnackinSarah’sexperiment?A.Bybreakingthetube.B.Bydroppinginerasers.C.Bystandingonthewood.D.Byremovingthewood.13.Whatdoestheauthormeanby“thebirdshandledawkwardly”inparagraph4?A.Theywereunabletotelldifferentshapes.B.Theydroppedobjectsonlyintonarrowtubes.C.Theywerenotawareofthesnackatfirstsight.D.Theymostlyavoidedtheeasierwaytogetthesnack.14.Whatdoesthetextmainlyfocuson?A.StoriesofAesop’sFables.B.Thedevelopmentofcrows.C.Crows’intelligence.D.Human-animalcommunication.15.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?A.Crowsarealmostascleverasfirst-gradersinsomerespects.B.Crowsunderstandwaterdisplacementcompletely.C.Chimpsandchildrenaremuchsmarterthancrows.D.Thestoryof“ThecrowandthePitcher”lacksevidenc